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Kisaakye P, Kafuko A, Bukuluki P. Lifetime violence and suicidal ideation among young women (18-24 years) in Uganda: Results from a population-based survey. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1063846. [PMID: 37139174 PMCID: PMC10150090 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1063846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Violence is a major global public health issue that threatens the physical and mental health of victims. Of particular concern is the increasing evidence which suggests that violence is strongly associated with suicidal behavior including ideation. Methods This study uses data from the 2015 Violence Against Children Survey (VACS). This study seeks to highlight the relationship between lifetime violence and suicidal ideation using a nationally representative sample of 1,795 young women (18-24 years) in Uganda. Results Results indicate that respondents who experienced lifetime sexual violence (aOR = 1.726; 95%CI = 1.304-2.287), physical violence (aOR = 1.930; 95%CI = 1.293-2.882) or emotional violence (aOR = 2.623; 95%CI = 1.988-3.459) were more likely to experience suicidal ideation. Respondents who were not married (aOR = 1.607; 95%CI = 1.040-2.484), not having too much trust with community members (aOR = 1.542; 95%CI = 1.024-2.320) or not having a close relationship with biological parents (aOR = 1.614; 95%CI = 1.230-2.119) were more likely to experience suicidal ideation. Respondents who did not engage in work in the past 12 months prior to the survey (aOR = 0.629; 95%CI = 0.433-0.913) were less likely to experience suicidal ideation. Conclusion The results can be used to inform policy and programming and for integration of mental health and psychosocial support in programming for prevention and response to violence against young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kisaakye
- Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Agatha Kafuko
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, School of Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Paul Bukuluki
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, School of Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Sato K, Tsujiguchi H, Suzuki F, Hara A, Kannon T, Muto G, Hori D, Miyagi S, Suzuki K, Nakamura M, Takazawa C, Kasahara T, Tsuboi H, Matsui M, Tajima A, Nakamura H. Relationship between social capital and depressive symptoms: Differences according to resilience and gender in the Shika study. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Lin CY, Alimoradi Z, Ehsani N, Ohayon MM, Chen SH, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. Suicidal Ideation during the COVID-19 Pandemic among A Large-Scale Iranian Sample: The Roles of Generalized Trust, Insomnia, and Fear of COVID-19. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010093. [PMID: 35052258 PMCID: PMC8775802 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still not under control globally. The pandemic has caused mental health issues among many different cohorts and suicidal ideation in relation to COVID-19 has been reported in a number of recent studies. Therefore, the present study proposed a model to explain the associations between generalized trust, fear of COVID-19, insomnia, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic among a large-scale Iranian sample. Utilizing cluster sampling with multistage stratification, residents from Qazvin province in Iran were invited to participate in the present study. Adults aged over 18 years (n = 10,843; 6751 [62.3%] females) completed ‘paper–and-pencil’ questionnaires with the assistance of a trained research assistant. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to understand the associations between generalized trust, fear of COVID-19, insomnia, and suicidal ideation. Slightly over one-fifth of the participants (n = 2252; 20.8%) reported suicidal ideation. Moreover, the SEM results indicated that generalized trust was indirectly associated with suicidal ideation via fear of COVID-19 and insomnia. Furthermore, generalized trust was not directly associated with suicidal ideation. The proposed model was invariant across gender groups, age groups, and participants residing in different areas (i.e., urban vs. rural). Generalized trust might reduce individuals’ suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic period via reduced levels of fear of COVID-19 and insomnia. Healthcare providers and policymakers may want to assist individuals in developing their generalized trust, reducing fear of COVID-19, and improving insomnia problems to avoid possible suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3419759811, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.E.)
| | - Narges Ehsani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3419759811, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.E.)
| | - Maurice M. Ohayon
- Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center (SSERC), School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-H.C.); (A.H.P.); Tel.: +886-7-7811151-6154 (S.-H.C.); Fax: +886-7-7835112 (S.-H.C.)
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK;
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3419759811, Iran; (Z.A.); (N.E.)
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, 55111 Jönköping, Sweden
- Correspondence: (S.-H.C.); (A.H.P.); Tel.: +886-7-7811151-6154 (S.-H.C.); Fax: +886-7-7835112 (S.-H.C.)
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The moderating effects of individual and community social capital on the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicide in the elderly. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Habu H, Takao S, Fujimoto R, Naito H, Nakao A, Yorifuji T. Emergency dispatches for suicide attempts during the COVID-19 outbreak in Okayama, Japan: A descriptive epidemiological study. J Epidemiol 2021; 31:511-517. [PMID: 34176855 PMCID: PMC8328858 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hardships associated with the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can affect mental health, potentially leading to increased risk of suicide. We examined the relationship between the COVID-19 outbreak and suicide attempts in Okayama, Japan using information from emergency dispatches. Methods This was a descriptive epidemiological study. We collected information on emergency dispatches in Okayama City and Kibichuo from March to August in 2018, 2019, and 2020 (n = 47,770 cases). We compared emergency dispatches and their demographic characteristics, especially focusing on suicide attempts, during these 3 years. Results The number of emergency dispatches in 2020 decreased compared with the previous 2 years, while the number and proportion of emergency dispatches related to suicide attempts increased. This increase was more pronounced among women and those aged 25–49 years. Among women aged 25–49 years, there was a cumulative total of 43 suicide attempts in 2018 and 2019 and 73 suicide attempts in 2020. Conclusions The number and proportion of emergency dispatches related to suicide attempts increased in 2020 compared with the previous 2 years, especially among women and those aged 25–49 years. This increase may be partly explained by hardships, such as economic losses or reduced social ties, during the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Habu
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Soshi Takao
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Ryohei Fujimoto
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
| | - Hiromichi Naito
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Atsunori Nakao
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Takashi Yorifuji
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Hori D, Takao S, Kawachi I, Ohtaki Y, Andrea CS, Takahashi T, Shiraki N, Ikeda T, Ikeda Y, Doki S, Oi Y, Sasahara S, Matsuzaki I. Relationship between workplace social capital and suicidal ideation in the past year among employees in Japan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:919. [PMID: 31288766 PMCID: PMC6617579 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the associations between social capital and health. In residential or geographical areas, social capital has attracted attention for its protective effects against suicide. However, to this date, the relationship between social capital and suicidal ideation is not fully elaborated in the occupational setting. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between workplace social capital and suicidal ideation in the past year among employees in Japan. Methods A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted in February/March 2017 via an anonymous self-administered questionnaire distributed to workers in Tsukuba Science City, Japan. Binomial logistic regressions were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for suicidal ideation in the past year, controlling for age group, marital status, educational attainment, and annual household income. The results were shown stratified by sex and occupation. Results In total, 7255 of 19,481 workers responded, out of which we could analyze 6325 responses (4030 men, 2295 women). The prevalence of suicidal ideation in the past year was 5.9% for men and 7.8% for women. Low workplace social capital was statistically significantly associated with suicidal ideation both for men (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.72–3.83) and for women (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.15–2.66), compared with high workplace social capital after controlling for socioeconomic factors. Conclusion Higher workplace social capital was associated with a reduced risk of suicidal ideation in the past year. Promoting workplace social capital could contribute to preventing suicide among employees in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hori
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Soshi Takao
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | | | - Tsukasa Takahashi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nagisa Shiraki
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ikeda
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yu Ikeda
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shotaro Doki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sasahara
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Ichiyo Matsuzaki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, Tsukuba, Japan
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Yu Z, Xu L, Sun L, Zhang J, Qin W, Li J, Ding G, Wang Q, Zhu J, Xie S. Association between interpersonal trust and suicidal ideation in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of 7070 subjects in Shandong, China. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:206. [PMID: 31269989 PMCID: PMC6610842 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Suicidal ideation is an important public health issue due to devastating mortality. In the meantime, interpersonal trust was found to be negatively associated with mental disorder and physical health. Although there is increasing evidence that interpersonal trust is a significant predictor of suicidal ideation, evidence of this association is still lacking in the developing world. The aim of this study was to test the association between interpersonal trust and suicidal ideation among older adults in China. METHODS Using a multi-stage stratified sampling strategy, 7070 older adults aged 60 and above from Shandong Province, China were recruited in this study. Socio-demographic characteristics, health status, family relationship, psychological distress, interpersonal trust and suicidal ideation in the last 12 months were obtained through face to face interviews. The association between interpersonal trust and suicidal ideation was assessed using multiple logistic regression models adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, health status, family relationship and psychological distress. RESULTS 7.1% of participants reported suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, which was related to gender, resident area, marital status, educational level, self-rated economic, chronic disease, self-rated health status and family relationship within 1 month, psychological distress and interpersonal trust. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health status, family relationship and psychological distress, interpersonal mistrust was associated with two times odds of suicidal ideation when compared to interpersonal trust CONCLUSIONS: The interpersonal trust was associated with suicidal ideation among elderly in Shandong, China. Intervention approaches regarding inducing and promoting interpersonal trust should be developed to prevent suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Yu
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China. .,NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012, China. .,Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Long Sun
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Wenzhe Qin
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jiajia Li
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Gan Ding
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Qian Wang
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jing Zhu
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Su Xie
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37NHC, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012 China ,0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Shandong University Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Jinan, 250012 China
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An integrated view of particularized trust in social commerce: An empirical investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sato Y, Aida J, Tsuboya T, Shirai K, Koyama S, Matsuyama Y, Kondo K, Osaka K. Generalized and particularized trust for health between urban and rural residents in Japan: A cohort study from the JAGES project. Soc Sci Med 2018; 202:43-53. [PMID: 29501718 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on trust and health have not fully considered the nature of trust in relation to types of trust and socio-cultural background. The present study aimed to examine whether generalized trust (trust in general people; GT) and particularized trust (trust in particular people; PT) in urban and rural areas had different associations with health. This prospective cohort study on older adults used panel data obtained in 2010 and 2013. Surveys were conducted in 24 municipalities in Japan. Of 20,209 respondents, 13,657 participants were followed up. The independent variables were GT and PT in neighbors; the dependent variable was self-rated health (SRH) at follow-up. We examined the interaction term between population density and each trust variable. Age, sex, SRH at the baseline, and other potential confounders were adjusted. The median age was 72 years (females: 53.4%). Percentages of high GT and high PT were 21.0% and 72.4%, respectively. Prevalence of poor SRH at the follow-up was 15.5% and 28.5% in high and low GT, respectively, and 16.9% and 32.8% in high and low PT, respectively. After adjusting for covariates in logistic regression models, low GT and PT were significantly associated with higher odds ratios (ORs) for poor SRH compared to high trust (GT: OR = 1.43 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.17, 1.75] and PT: OR = 1.44 [95%CI = 1.15, 1.81]). Associations of low PT with poor SRH significantly strengthened when population density increased (interaction term of low PT: OR = 1.16 [95%CI = 1.04, 1.27]). On the other hand, associations of GT with SRH were not significantly interacted by population density. The mediation analysis showed that the direct effects of PT influenced SRH in urban areas only. In urban areas with high social uncertainty, trust in particular neighbors was more beneficial to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Sato
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Toru Tsuboya
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shihoko Koyama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan; Division of Community Oral Health Science, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Matsuyama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Society for the promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
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Noguchi M, Kobayashi T, Iwase T, Suzuki E, Kawachi I, Takao S. Social Capital and Suicidal Ideation in Community-Dwelling Older Residents: A Multilevel Analysis of 10,094 Subjects in Japan. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2017; 25:37-47. [PMID: 27890542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social capital, the collective resources of groups including perceptions of trust and reciprocity, is recognized as an important contributor to suicide. We examined the association of individual- and community-level social capital with suicidal ideation after adjusting for social support among older adults living in the community. METHODS In August 2010 we sent questionnaires to all residents aged 65 years and older living in 3 rural municipalities (N = 21,232) in Okayama Prefecture, Japan; 13,919 questionnaires were returned (response rate: 65.6%). The final analysis included 10,094 participants. The outcome variable was suicidal ideation. Exposure variables were individual-level mistrust and lack of reciprocity (level 1), and the aggregated responses of these variables from 35 communities in the municipalities (level 2). Covariates included age, sex, educational attainment, marital status, the number of cohabitants, years of residence, self-rated socioeconomic status, disability, social support, and psychological distress. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS After adjusting for social support and psychological distress, we found that mistrust and lack of reciprocity were only associated with suicidal ideation at the individual level. Stratified analysis showed that among subjects with psychological distress, mistrust was associated with suicidal ideation at individual (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.42-2.51) and community levels (OR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.02-3.81). CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that individual- and community-level social capital is a possible protective factor for suicidal ideation, particularly for people with psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Noguchi
- Okayama Prefectural Mental Health and Welfare Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Public Health, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Iwase
- The Support Center for Medical Cooperation, Human Resource Placement, and Career Promotion of Okayama Prefecture, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Etsuji Suzuki
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soshi Takao
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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