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Pang Z, Ma X. What drives the vaccination intention against COVID-19? Application of EPPM, TAM, and theories of risk assessment. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2180969. [PMID: 36919459 PMCID: PMC10026910 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2180969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are widely used to fight against COVID-19. However, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy appears as some individuals are concerned with COVID-19 vaccines. This study investigates the vaccination intention against COVID-19 in China with the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and theories of risk information assessment. Results showed that the formation mechanism of vaccination intention could be considered a psychological process, as subjective knowledge was a primary influence on correspondents' weighting of both the potentially positive (usefulness) and negative effects (threat) of vaccination. This unequal consideration then resulted in different levels of fear arousal between subjects. Driven by usefulness/threat perception and fear, people conducted different decision strategies, so-called analytical assessment, and experiential assessment to make vaccination decision. In addition to the direct effects of experiential assessment on vaccination intention, two decision strategies and fear arousal also affected people's vaccination intention through the mediation role of vaccination attitude. For policymakers and stakeholders, this study provides a knowledge base for confidence-building, and emotional guidance concerning against COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjing Pang
- School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlin Ma
- School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of City and Regional Planning, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Daziano R, Budziński W. Evolution of preferences for COVID-19 vaccine throughout the pandemic - The choice experiment approach. Soc Sci Med 2023; 332:116093. [PMID: 37515953 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we employ a choice experiment to study individual preferences for COVID-19 vaccines in the US. A unique characteristic of the microdata (N = 5671) is that the survey was conducted in five distinct waves from October 2020 to October 2021. Because of this dynamic feature, it is possible to control for evolving pandemic conditions such as the number of COVID-19 active cases, vaccination uptake, and the frequency of Google searches related to the vaccines. Furthermore, we employ a hybrid choice model to incorporate respondents' attitudes related to their perceived vulnerability to diseases, as well as their perceived health status. The hybrid choice model was extended to incorporate latent classes as well as random effects. We find that the rate of vaccinated individuals in the population actually increases the probability of vaccine hesitancy, and therefore may discourage people to get vaccinated. This may be evidence of free-riding behavior. On the other hand, the number of COVID-19 cases has a positive effect on the probability of getting vaccinated, suggesting that individuals react to the pandemic conditions by taking some protective measures. Google trend data do not seem to have a straightforward effect on the vaccination demand, but it increases consumers' willingness to pay for several vaccine characteristics. With respect to the analyzed attitudes, we find that perceived uninfectability is a significant driver of vaccine hesitancy, probably related to the frequent "natural immunity" argument. In turn, germ aversion has a positive effect on the probability of getting vaccinated as well as on the marginal willingness to pay. Finally, health status has a limited effect on whether the individual will decide to vaccinate or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Daziano
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, USA.
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Swed S, Alibrahim H, Bohsas H, Shoib S, Hasan MM, Motawea KR, Albuni MK, Battikh E, Sawaf B, Elkalagi NKH, Mohamed Alsharief Ahmed S, Mohammed Sharif Ahmed E, Khairy LT, Bakkour A, Hadi Hussein Muwaili A, Abubaker Abdalla Abdelmajid F, Hadi Hussein Muwaili D, Elsayed M, Ahmad S, Lee KY. Parents' acceptance to vaccinate children against COVID-19: A Syrian online survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:955362. [PMID: 36311581 PMCID: PMC9610112 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.955362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
After the widespread of COVID-19 virus worldwide, vaccination targeted reducing spread of cases and mortality rates. However, vaccination hesitancy was observed among the communities worldwide. Vaccination hesitancy involved parents regarding the decision of vaccinating their children- After obtaining ethical approval, an online cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 March to 22 April 2021 to evaluate the parents' acceptance of vaccinating their children against the COVID-19 virus in Syria. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis in IBM, SPSS V. 28.0 package program (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). Among 283 participants, 105 participants agreed to vaccinate their children, and 178 were not. A significant correlation between age and vaccine willingness was found (P-value < 0.0001*), especially in the age group between 18 and 30 years old (45.2%). Parents who accepted vaccinating themselves were more willing to vaccinate their children (34.6%). According to our results, there is a greater need to enhance awareness and knowledge programs about the vaccine's effectiveness and encourage parents to accept giving the vaccine to their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | | | - Haidara Bohsas
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria,*Correspondence: Haidara Bohsas
| | - Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Elias Battikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | | | | | | | - Lina Taha Khairy
- Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Al Khurtum, Sudan
| | - Agyad Bakkour
- Faculty of Medicine, Albaath University, Homs, Syria
| | | | | | | | - Mohamed Elsayed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Shoaib Ahmad
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Ka Yiu Lee
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
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Jensen EA, Wagoner B, Pfleger A, Herbig L, Watzlawik M. Making sense of unfamiliar COVID-19 vaccines: How national origin affects vaccination willingness. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261273. [PMID: 34965278 PMCID: PMC8716032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination willingness is a critical factor in pandemics, including the COVID-19 crisis. Therefore, investigating underlying drivers of vaccination willingness/hesitancy is an essential social science contribution. The present study of German residents investigates the mental shortcuts people are using to make sense of unfamiliar vaccine options by examining vaccination willingness for different vaccines using an experimental design in a quantitative survey. German vaccines were preferred over equivalent foreign vaccines, and the favorability ratings of foreign countries where COVID-19 vaccines were developed correlated with the level of vaccination willingness for each vaccine. The patterns in vaccination willingness were more pronounced when the national origin was shown along with the vaccine manufacturer label. The study shows how non-scientific factors drive everyday decision-making about vaccination. Taking such social psychological and communication aspects into account in the design of vaccination campaigns would increase their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Jensen
- Institute for Psychological Research at the SFU Berlin e. V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Brady Wagoner
- Institute for Psychological Research at the SFU Berlin e. V., Berlin, Germany
- Department of Communication and Psychology, The Faculty of Humanities, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Bjørknes Høyskole, Oslo, Norway
| | - Axel Pfleger
- Institute for Psychological Research at the SFU Berlin e. V., Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Lisa Herbig
- Institute for Psychological Research at the SFU Berlin e. V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Meike Watzlawik
- Institute for Psychological Research at the SFU Berlin e. V., Berlin, Germany
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Berdida DJE, Grande RAN, Lopez V. Filipinos' health information-seeking behaviors and their implications for COVID-19 vaccination. Public Health Nurs 2021; 39:553-561. [PMID: 34902170 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined Filipinos' health information-seeking behaviors, specifically their information engagement and apprehension of getting the COVID-19 vaccine, the reasons for vaccination, and how these factors influenced their decision to get vaccinated. DESIGN Quantitative, cross-sectional, and predictive approaches. SAMPLE This study conducted a national online survey using convenience sampling (n = 2709). MEASUREMENT The Health Information Orientation Scale (HIOS) and Statista.com's "reasons for not getting a COVID-19 vaccination" were used to collect data. Demographic characteristics that predict information engagement and apprehension were identified using multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS Responses to information engagement and apprehension revealed "often true" and "sometimes true," respectively. The majority of participants intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. "Concerned about the vaccine's safety" is the most common reason for not getting vaccinated. Female gender, college graduate, employed, and using social media to obtain COVID-19 vaccine information were all significant predictors of information engagement and apprehension. Information engagement and apprehension were predicted by age and religion, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Policymakers should consider how people seek information regarding the COVID-19 vaccine and why some people refuse to get vaccinated. Additionally, public health nurses should educate the public about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rizal Angelo N Grande
- Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Violeta Lopez
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.,School of Nursing, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Yasmin F, Najeeb H, Moeed A, Naeem U, Asghar MS, Chughtai NU, Yousaf Z, Seboka BT, Ullah I, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:770985. [PMID: 34888288 PMCID: PMC8650625 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.770985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy in the US throughout the pandemic has revealed inconsistent results. This systematic review has compared COVID-19 vaccine uptake across US and investigated predictors of vaccine hesitancy and acceptance across different groups. A search of PUBMED database was conducted till 17th July, 2021. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were screened and 65 studies were selected for a quantitative analysis. The overall vaccine acceptance rate ranged from 12 to 91.4%, the willingness of studies using the 10-point scale ranged from 3.58 to 5.12. Increased unwillingness toward COVID-19 vaccine and Black/African Americans were found to be correlated. Sex, race, age, education level, and income status were identified as determining factors of having a low or high COVID-19 vaccine uptake. A change in vaccine acceptance in the US population was observed in two studies, an increase of 10.8 and 7.4%, respectively, between 2020 and 2021. Our results confirm that hesitancy exists in the US population, highest in Black/African Americans, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and low in the male sex. It is imperative for regulatory bodies to acknowledge these statistics and consequently, exert efforts to mitigate the burden of unvaccinated individuals and revise vaccine delivery plans, according to different vulnerable subgroups, across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Yasmin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hala Najeeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Moeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Unaiza Naeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Najeeb Ullah Chughtai
- Department of General Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Yousaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Community Medicine, Kabir Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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