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Zhu X, Wang Y, Soaita I, Lee HW, Bae H, Boutagy N, Bostwick A, Zhang RM, Bowman C, Xu Y, Trefely S, Chen Y, Qin L, Sessa W, Tellides G, Jang C, Snyder NW, Yu L, Arany Z, Simons M. Acetate controls endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1163-1178.e10. [PMID: 37327791 PMCID: PMC10529701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a process initiated by activation of endothelial TGF-β signaling, underlies numerous chronic vascular diseases and fibrotic states. Once induced, EndMT leads to a further increase in TGF-β signaling, thus establishing a positive-feedback loop with EndMT leading to more EndMT. Although EndMT is understood at the cellular level, the molecular basis of TGF-β-driven EndMT induction and persistence remains largely unknown. Here, we show that metabolic modulation of the endothelium, triggered by atypical production of acetate from glucose, underlies TGF-β-driven EndMT. Induction of EndMT suppresses the expression of the enzyme PDK4, which leads to an increase in ACSS2-dependent Ac-CoA synthesis from pyruvate-derived acetate. This increased Ac-CoA production results in acetylation of the TGF-β receptor ALK5 and SMADs 2 and 4 leading to activation and long-term stabilization of TGF-β signaling. Our results establish the metabolic basis of EndMT persistence and unveil novel targets, such as ACSS2, for the potential treatment of chronic vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yunyun Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ioana Soaita
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heon-Woo Lee
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hosung Bae
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nabil Boutagy
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anna Bostwick
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rong-Mo Zhang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Caitlyn Bowman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yanying Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Coronary Circulation Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sophie Trefely
- Epigenetics and Signaling Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingfeng Qin
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - William Sessa
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luyang Yu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zoltan Arany
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Comito G, Pons Segura C, Taddei ML, Lanciotti M, Serni S, Morandi A, Chiarugi P, Giannoni E. Zoledronic acid impairs stromal reactivity by inhibiting M2-macrophages polarization and prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts. Oncotarget 2018; 8:118-132. [PMID: 27223431 PMCID: PMC5352046 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a biphosphonate used for osteoporosis treatment and also proved to be effective to reduce the pain induced by bone metastases when used as adjuvant therapy in solid cancers. However, it has been recently proposed that ZA could have direct anti-tumour effects, although the molecular mechanism is unknown. We herein unravel a novel anti-tumour activity of ZA in prostate cancer (PCa), by targeting the pro-tumorigenic properties of both stromal and immune cells. Particularly, we demonstrate that ZA impairs PCa-induced M2-macrophages polarization, reducing their pro-invasive effect on tumour cells and their pro-angiogenic features. Crucially, ZA administration reverts cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activation by targeting the mevalonate pathway and RhoA geranyl-geranylation, thereby impairing smooth muscle actin-α fibers organization, a prerequisite of fibroblast activation. Moreover, ZA prevents the M2 macrophages-mediated activation of normal fibroblast, highlighting the broad efficacy of this drug on tumour microenvironment. These results are confirmed in a metastatic xenograft PCa mouse model in which ZA-induced stromal normalization impairs cancer-stromal cells crosstalk, resulting in a significant reduction of primary tumour growth and metastases. Overall these findings reinforce the efficacy of ZA as a potential therapeutic approach to reduce cancer aggressiveness, by abrogating the supportive role of tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Comito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Coral Pons Segura
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Lanciotti
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Urologic Clinic San Luca, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Sergio Serni
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Urologic Clinic San Luca, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.,Tuscany Tumor Institute and "Center for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE", 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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3
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Comito G, Giannoni E, Segura CP, Barcellos-de-Souza P, Raspollini MR, Baroni G, Lanciotti M, Serni S, Chiarugi P. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and M2-polarized macrophages synergize during prostate carcinoma progression. Oncogene 2013; 33:2423-31. [PMID: 23728338 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is now acknowledged as an hallmark of cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) force a malignant cross talk with cancer cells, culminating in their epithelial-mesenchymal transition and achievement of stemness traits. Herein, we demonstrate that stromal tumor-associated cells cooperate to favor malignancy of prostate carcinoma (PCa). Indeed, prostate CAFs are active factors of monocyte recruitment toward tumor cells, mainly acting through stromal-derived growth factor-1 delivery and promote their trans-differentiation toward the M2 macrophage phenotype. The relationship between M2 macrophages and CAFs is reciprocal, as M2 macrophages are able to affect mesenchymal-mesenchymal transition of fibroblasts, leading to their enhanced reactivity. On the other side, PCa cells themselves participate in this cross talk through secretion of monocyte chemotactic protein-1, facilitating monocyte recruitment and again macrophage differentiation and M2 polarization. Finally, this complex interplay among cancer cells, CAFs and M2 macrophages, cooperates in increasing tumor cell motility, ultimately fostering cancer cells escaping from primary tumor and metastatic spread, as well as in activation of endothelial cells and their bone marrow-derived precursors to drive de novo angiogenesis. In keeping with our data obtained in vitro, the analysis of patients affected by prostate cancers at different clinical stages revealed a clear increase in the M2/M1 ratio in correlation with clinical values. These data, coupled with the role of CAFs in carcinoma malignancy to elicit expression of stem-like traits, should focus great interest for innovative strategies aimed at the co-targeting of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts to improve therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Comito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - E Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C P Segura
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - P Barcellos-de-Souza
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M R Raspollini
- Histology and Molecular Diagnostic University Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Baroni
- Histology and Molecular Diagnostic University Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Lanciotti
- Department of Urology Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S Serni
- Department of Urology Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - P Chiarugi
- 1] Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy [2] Tuscany Tumor Institute and 'Center for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE', Florence, Italy
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