1
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Song W, Liu X, Huang K, Qi J, He Y. Regulatory Role of Meox1 in Muscle Growth of Sebastes schlegelii. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4871. [PMID: 38732090 PMCID: PMC11084361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Meox1 is a critical transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in embryogenesis and muscle development. It has been established as a marker gene for growth-specific muscle stem cells in zebrafish. In this study, we identified the SsMeox1 gene in a large teleost fish, Sebastes schlegelii. Through in situ hybridization and histological analysis, we discovered that SsMeox1 can be employed as a specific marker of growth-specific muscle stem cells, which originate from the somite stage and are primarily situated in the external cell layer (ECL) and myosepta, with a minor population distributed among muscle fibers. The knockdown of SsMeox1 resulted in a significant increase in Ccnb1 expression, subsequently promoting cell cycle progression and potentially accelerating the depletion of the stem cell pool, which ultimately led to significant growth retardation. These findings suggest that SsMeox1 arrests the cell cycle of growth-specific muscle stem cells in the G2 phase by suppressing Ccnb1 expression, which is essential for maintaining the stability of the growth-specific muscle stem cell pool. Our study provides significant insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the indeterminate growth of large teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.S.); (X.L.); (K.H.); (J.Q.)
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2
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Chrysostomou E, Mourikis P. The extracellular matrix niche of muscle stem cells. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:123-150. [PMID: 38670702 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Preserving the potency of stem cells in adult tissues is very demanding and relies on the concerted action of various cellular and non-cellular elements in a precise stoichiometry. This balanced microenvironment is found in specific anatomical "pockets" within the tissue, known as the stem cell niche. In this review, we explore the interplay between stem cells and their niches, with a primary focus on skeletal muscle stem cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Quiescent muscle stem cells, known as satellite cells are active producers of a diverse array of ECM molecules, encompassing major constituents like collagens, laminins, and integrins, some of which are explored in this review. The conventional perception of ECM as merely a structural scaffold is evolving. Collagens can directly interact as ligands with receptors on satellite cells, while other ECM proteins have the capacity to sequester growth factors and regulate their release, especially relevant during satellite cell turnover in homeostasis or activation upon injury. Additionally, we explore an evolutionary perspective on the ECM across a range of multicellular organisms and discuss a model wherein satellite cells are self-sustained by generating their own niche. Considering the prevalence of ECM proteins in the connective tissue of various organs it is not surprising that mutations in ECM genes have pathological implications, including in muscle, where they can lead to myopathies. However, the particular role of certain disease-related ECM proteins in stem cell maintenance highlights the potential contribution of stem cell deregulation to the progression of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Chrysostomou
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research (IMRB), Créteil, France
| | - Philippos Mourikis
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research (IMRB), Créteil, France.
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3
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Wei X, Rigopoulos A, Lienhard M, Pöhle-Kronawitter S, Kotsaris G, Franke J, Berndt N, Mejedo JO, Wu H, Börno S, Timmermann B, Murgai A, Glauben R, Stricker S. Neurofibromin 1 controls metabolic balance and Notch-dependent quiescence of murine juvenile myogenic progenitors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1393. [PMID: 38360927 PMCID: PMC10869796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients affected by neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) frequently show muscle weakness with unknown etiology. Here we show that, in mice, Neurofibromin 1 (Nf1) is not required in muscle fibers, but specifically in early postnatal myogenic progenitors (MPs), where Nf1 loss led to cell cycle exit and differentiation blockade, depleting the MP pool resulting in reduced myonuclear accretion as well as reduced muscle stem cell numbers. This was caused by precocious induction of stem cell quiescence coupled to metabolic reprogramming of MPs impinging on glycolytic shutdown, which was conserved in muscle fibers. We show that a Mek/Erk/NOS pathway hypersensitizes Nf1-deficient MPs to Notch signaling, consequently, early postnatal Notch pathway inhibition ameliorated premature quiescence, metabolic reprogramming and muscle growth. This reveals an unexpected role of Ras/Mek/Erk signaling supporting postnatal MP quiescence in concert with Notch signaling, which is controlled by Nf1 safeguarding coordinated muscle growth and muscle stem cell pool establishment. Furthermore, our data suggest transmission of metabolic reprogramming across cellular differentiation, affecting fiber metabolism and function in NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wei
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelos Rigopoulos
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Biology and Computation IMPRS-BAC, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Lienhard
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Pöhle-Kronawitter
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georgios Kotsaris
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Franke
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Berndt
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Computer-assisted Cardiovascular Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joy Orezimena Mejedo
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hao Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Medical Department, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Börno
- Sequencing Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Timmermann
- Sequencing Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arunima Murgai
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Glauben
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Medical Department, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sigmar Stricker
- Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- International Max Planck Research School for Biology and Computation IMPRS-BAC, Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Endo Y, Zhu C, Giunta E, Guo C, Koh DJ, Sinha I. The Role of Hypoxia and Hypoxia Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Physiology. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2200300. [PMID: 37817370 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia and hypoxia signaling play an integral role in regulating skeletal muscle physiology. Environmental hypoxia and tissue hypoxia in muscles cue for their appropriate physiological response and adaptation, and cause an array of cellular and metabolic changes. In addition, muscle stem cells (satellite cells), exist in a hypoxic state, and this intrinsic hypoxic state correlates with their quiescence and stemness. The mechanisms of hypoxia-mediated regulation of satellite cells and myogenesis are yet to be characterized, and their seemingly contradicting effects reported leave their exact roles somewhat perplexing. This review summarizes the recent findings on the effect of hypoxia and hypoxia signaling on the key aspects of muscle physiology, namely, stem cell maintenance and myogenesis with a particular attention given to distinguish the intrinsic versus local hypoxia in an attempt to better understand their respective regulatory roles and how their relationship affects the overall response. This review further describes their mechanistic links and their possible implications on the relevant pathologies and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yori Endo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christina Zhu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Elena Giunta
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Cynthia Guo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Daniel J Koh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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5
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Nelke C, Müntefering T, Cengiz D, Theissen L, Dobelmann V, Schroeter CB, Block H, Preuße C, Michels APE, Lichtenberg S, Pawlitzki M, Pfeuffer S, Huntemann N, Zarbock A, Briese T, Kittl C, Dittmayer C, Budde T, Lundberg IE, Stenzel W, Meuth SG, Ruck T. K 2P2.1 is a regulator of inflammatory cell responses in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. J Autoimmun 2024; 142:103136. [PMID: 37935063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
K2P2.1 (TREK1), a two-pore domain potassium channel, has emerged as regulator of leukocyte transmigration into the central nervous system. In the context of skeletal muscle, immune cell infiltration constitutes the pathogenic hallmark of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of K2P2.1 in the autoimmune response of IIMs. We detected K2P2.1 expression in primary skeletal muscle and endothelial cells of murine and human origin. We observed an increased pro-inflammatory cell response, adhesion and transmigration by pharmacological blockade or genetic deletion of K2P2.1 in vitro and in in vivo myositis mouse models. Of note, our findings were not restricted to endothelial cells as skeletal muscle cells with impaired K2P2.1 function also demonstrated a strong pro-inflammatory response. Conversely, these features were abrogated by activation of K2P2.1 and improved the disease course of a myositis mouse model. In humans, K2P2.1 expression was diminished in IIM patients compared to non-diseased controls arguing for the translatability of our findings. In summary, K2P2.1 may regulate the inflammatory response of skeletal muscle. Further research is required to understand whether K2P2.1 could serve as novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nelke
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Müntefering
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Derya Cengiz
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Theissen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Dobelmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina B Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Helena Block
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Corinna Preuße
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander P E Michels
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lichtenberg
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Pawlitzki
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Niklas Huntemann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thorben Briese
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Westphalian Wilhelms University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christoph Kittl
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Westphalian Wilhelms University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Carsten Dittmayer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Ingrid E Lundberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna (MedS), K2, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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6
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Hung M, Lo HF, Jones GEL, Krauss RS. The muscle stem cell niche at a glance. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261200. [PMID: 38149870 PMCID: PMC10785660 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs, also called satellite cells) are the source of the robust regenerative capability of this tissue. The hallmark property of MuSCs at homeostasis is quiescence, a reversible state of cell cycle arrest required for long-term preservation of the stem cell population. MuSCs reside between an individual myofiber and an enwrapping basal lamina, defining the immediate MuSC niche. Additional cell types outside the basal lamina, in the interstitial space, also contribute to niche function. Quiescence is actively maintained by multiple niche-derived signals, including adhesion molecules presented from the myofiber surface and basal lamina, as well as soluble signaling factors produced by myofibers and interstitial cell types. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we present the most recent information on how niche signals promote MuSC quiescence and provide perspectives for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Hung
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hsiao-Fan Lo
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Grace E. L. Jones
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert S. Krauss
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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7
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Lin Y, McClennan A, Hoffman L. Characterization of the Ang/Tie2 Signaling Pathway in the Diaphragm Muscle of DMD Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2265. [PMID: 37626761 PMCID: PMC10452261 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), angiogenesis appears to be attenuated. Local administration of angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) has been shown to reduce inflammation, ischemia, and fibrosis in DMD mice. Ang1 is a vital vascular stabilizing factor that activates the endothelial cell receptor Tie2, leading to downstream pro-survival PI3K/Akt pathway activation and eNOS phosphorylation. In this study, we aimed to characterize the Ang/Tie2 signaling pathway within the diaphragm muscle of mouse models of DMD. Utilizing ELISA, immunoblots, and RT-qPCR, we demonstrated that Ang1 was downregulated, while the antagonist angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) was upregulated, leading to a decreased Ang1/Ang2 ratio. This correlated with a reduction in the phosphorylated Tie2/total Tie2 ratio. Interestingly, no significant differences in Akt or eNOS phosphorylation were observed, although DMD murine models did have elevated total Akt protein concentrations. These observations suggest that Ang1/Tie2 signaling may be dysregulated in the diaphragm muscle of DMD and further investigations may lead to new therapeutic interventions for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
- The Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada;
| | - Andrew McClennan
- The Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada;
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Lisa Hoffman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
- The Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada;
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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8
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Fujita R, Mizuno S, Sadahiro T, Hayashi T, Sugasawa T, Sugiyama F, Ono Y, Takahashi S, Ieda M. Generation of a MyoD knock-in reporter mouse line to study muscle stem cell dynamics and heterogeneity. iScience 2023; 26:106592. [PMID: 37250337 PMCID: PMC10214404 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD) dynamics define the activation status of muscle stem cells (MuSCs), aiding in muscle tissue regeneration after injury. However, the lack of experimental platforms to monitor MyoD dynamics in vitro and in vivo has hampered the investigation of fate determination and heterogeneity of MuSCs. Herein, we report a MyoD knock-in (MyoD-KI) reporter mouse expressing tdTomato at the endogenous MyoD locus. Expression of tdTomato in MyoD-KI mice recapitulated the endogenous MyoD expression dynamics in vitro and during the early phase of regeneration in vivo. Additionally, we showed that tdTomato fluorescence intensity defines MuSC activation status without immunostaining. Based on these features, we developed a high-throughput screening system to assess the effects of drugs on the behavior of MuSCs in vitro. Thus, MyoD-KI mice are an invaluable resource for studying the dynamics of MuSCs, including their fate decisions and heterogeneity, and for drug screening in stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Fujita
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Taketaro Sadahiro
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takuto Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takehito Sugasawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Examination and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Department of Muscle Development and Regeneration, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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9
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Bao BW, Kang Z, Zhang Y, Li K, Xu R, Guo MY. Selenium Deficiency Leads to Reduced Skeletal Muscle Cell Differentiation by Oxidative Stress in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1878-1887. [PMID: 35576098 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is one of the essential trace elements in animal organisms with good antioxidant and immune-enhancing abilities. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of Se deficiency on skeletal muscle cell differentiation. A selenium-deficient skeletal muscle model was established. The skeletal muscle tissue and blood Se content were significantly reduced in the Se deficiency group. HE staining showed that the skeletal muscle tissue had a reduced myofiber area and nuclei and an increased myofascicular membrane with Se deficiency. The TUNEL test showed massive apoptosis of skeletal muscle cells in Se deficiency. With Se deficiency, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were inhibited. In in vitro experiments, microscopic observations showed that the low-Se group had reduced C2C12 cell fusion and a reduced number of differentiated myotubes. In addition, qPCR results showed that differentiation genes (Myog, Myod, Myh2, Myh3, and Myf5) were significantly reduced in the low Se group. Meanwhile, Western blot analysis showed that the levels of differentiation proteins (Myog, Myod, and Myhc) were significantly reduced in the low-Se group. This finding indicates that Se deficiency reduces the expression of skeletal muscle cell differentiation factors. All the above data suggest that Se deficiency can lead to oxidative stress in skeletal muscle, resulting in a reduction in the differentiation capacity of muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeastern Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zibo Kang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeastern Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeastern Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeastern Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yao Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeastern Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Groppa E, Martini P, Derakhshan N, Theret M, Ritso M, Tung LW, Wang YX, Soliman H, Hamer MS, Stankiewicz L, Eisner C, Erwan LN, Chang C, Yi L, Yuan JH, Kong S, Weng C, Adams J, Chang L, Peng A, Blau HM, Romualdi C, Rossi FMV. Spatial compartmentalization of signaling imparts source-specific functions on secreted factors. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112051. [PMID: 36729831 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient regeneration requires multiple cell types acting in coordination. To better understand the intercellular networks involved and how they change when regeneration fails, we profile the transcriptome of hematopoietic, stromal, myogenic, and endothelial cells over 14 days following acute muscle damage. We generate a time-resolved computational model of interactions and identify VEGFA-driven endothelial engagement as a key differentiating feature in models of successful and failed regeneration. In addition, the analysis highlights that the majority of secreted signals, including VEGFA, are simultaneously produced by multiple cell types. To test whether the cellular source of a factor determines its function, we delete VEGFA from two cell types residing in close proximity: stromal and myogenic progenitors. By comparing responses to different types of damage, we find that myogenic and stromal VEGFA have distinct functions in regeneration. This suggests that spatial compartmentalization of signaling plays a key role in intercellular communication networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Groppa
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Borea Therapeutics, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Martini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58B, Padova, Italy
| | - Nima Derakhshan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marine Theret
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Morten Ritso
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lin Wei Tung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yu Xin Wang
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hesham Soliman
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minia University, Minia, Egypt; Aspect Biosystems, 1781 W 75th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark Stephen Hamer
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Laura Stankiewicz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christine Eisner
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Le Nevé Erwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Université Laval, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Chihkai Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lin Yi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jack H Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sunny Kong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Curtis Weng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Josephine Adams
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lucas Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chiara Romualdi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58B, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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11
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Henrot P, Blervaque L, Dupin I, Zysman M, Esteves P, Gouzi F, Hayot M, Pomiès P, Berger P. Cellular interplay in skeletal muscle regeneration and wasting: insights from animal models. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:745-757. [PMID: 36811134 PMCID: PMC10067506 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting, whether related to physiological ageing, muscle disuse or to an underlying chronic disease, is a key determinant to quality of life and mortality. However, cellular basis responsible for increased catabolism in myocytes often remains unclear. Although myocytes represent the vast majority of skeletal muscle cellular population, they are surrounded by numerous cells with various functions. Animal models, mostly rodents, can help to decipher the mechanisms behind this highly dynamic process, by allowing access to every muscle as well as time-course studies. Satellite cells (SCs) play a crucial role in muscle regeneration, within a niche also composed of fibroblasts and vascular and immune cells. Their proliferation and differentiation is altered in several models of muscle wasting such as cancer, chronic kidney disease or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells are also responsible for functional muscle growth and repair and are associated in disease to muscle fibrosis such as in chronic kidney disease. Other cells have recently proven to have direct myogenic potential, such as pericytes. Outside their role in angiogenesis, endothelial cells and pericytes also participate to healthy muscle homoeostasis by promoting SC pool maintenance (so-called myogenesis-angiogenesis coupling). Their role in chronic diseases muscle wasting has been less studied. Immune cells are pivotal for muscle repair after injury: Macrophages undergo a transition from the M1 to the M2 state along with the transition between the inflammatory and resolutive phase of muscle repair. T regulatory lymphocytes promote and regulate this transition and are also able to activate SC proliferation and differentiation. Neural cells such as terminal Schwann cells, motor neurons and kranocytes are notably implicated in age-related sarcopenia. Last, newly identified cells in skeletal muscle, such as telocytes or interstitial tenocytes could play a role in tissular homoeostasis. We also put a special focus on cellular alterations occurring in COPD, a chronic and highly prevalent respiratory disease mainly linked to tobacco smoke exposure, where muscle wasting is strongly associated with increased mortality, and discuss the pros and cons of animal models versus human studies in this context. Finally, we discuss resident cells metabolism and present future promising leads for research, including the use of muscle organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Henrot
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ-Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - Léo Blervaque
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Dupin
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ-Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac, France
| | - Maéva Zysman
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ-Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Pessac, France
| | - Pauline Esteves
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ-Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac, France
| | - Fares Gouzi
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Maurice Hayot
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Pomiès
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ-Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Pessac, France
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12
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Vedadi S, Azimzadeh M, Touluei AE, Rahimpour S, Shotorbani SS. The molecular and clinical significance of the Tie/angiopoietin system in leukemia. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154285. [PMID: 36669394 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis and factors affecting it are one of the most critical elements in vascular proliferation. Although they are essential in generating new vessels, their potential to generate solid tumors is accepted as a pathological condition. Leukemia can be an appropriate example of this condition. AIM This study aims to evaluate the Tie/angiopoietin system effect in Leukemia. METHODS Leukemia is a pathological condition in which the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells occurs in the bone marrow or lymphatic system. RESULTS Based on severity and speed of development, many different types of Leukemia have been discovered through years of studying. Acute lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid Leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid Leukemia (CML) are the four main types of Leukemia. CONCLUSION Leukemia's function, effects, and medication have been a great concern over the years. Angiogenic factors such as angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), angiopoietin-4 (Ang4), a combination of them and their receptors and their effect on Leukemia are the main purposes discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Vedadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azimzadeh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sina Rahimpour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of pharmaceutics, Faculty of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Hao Y, Xue T, Liu S, Geng S, Shi X, Qian P, He W, Zheng J, Li Y, Lou J, Shi T, Wang G, Wang X, Wang Y, Li Y, Song Y. Loss of CRY2 promotes regenerative myogenesis by enhancing PAX7 expression and satellite cell proliferation. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e202. [PMID: 36636367 PMCID: PMC9830134 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle is dependent on satellite cells. The circadian clock regulates the maintenance and function of satellite cells. Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) is a critical component of the circadian clock, and its role in skeletal muscle regeneration remains controversial. Using the skeletal muscle lineage and satellite cell-specific CRY2 knockout mice (CRY2scko), we show that the deletion of CRY2 enhances muscle regeneration. Single myofiber analysis revealed that deletion of CRY2 stimulates the proliferation of myoblasts. The differentiation potential of myoblasts was enhanced by the loss of CRY2 evidenced by increased expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and myotube formation in CRY2-/- cells versus CRY2+/+ cells. Immunostaining revealed that the number of mononucleated paired box protein 7 (PAX7+) cells associated with myotubes formed by CRY2-/- cells was increased compared with CRY2+/+ cells, suggesting that more reserve cells were produced in the absence of CRY2. Loss of CRY2 leads to the activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and ETS1, which binds to the promoter of PAX7 to induce its transcription. CRY2 deficient myoblasts survived better in ischemic muscle. Therefore, CRY2 is essential in regulating skeletal muscle repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Hao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Ting Xue
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Song‐Bai Liu
- Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Laboratory MedicineSuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Sha Geng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Xinghong Shi
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Panting Qian
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Wei He
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Jiqing Zheng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Jing Lou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Tianze Shi
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Ge Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Laboratory MedicineSuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Institutefor Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital and Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Yangxin Li
- Institutefor Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital and Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Yao‐Hua Song
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouP. R. China
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14
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Kubota M, Zhang L, Fukada SI. Flow Cytometer Analyses, Isolation, and Staining of Murine Muscle Satellite Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2640:3-11. [PMID: 36995583 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3036-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a powerful and requisite tool for the analysis and purification of adult stem cells. However, it is difficult to separate adult stem cells from solid organs than from immune-related tissues/organs. This is because of the presence of large amounts of debris, which increases noise in the FACS profiles. In particular, it is extremely difficult for unfamiliar researchers to identify muscle stem cell (also known as muscle satellite cell: MuSC) fraction because all myofibers, which are mainly composed of skeletal muscle tissues, become debris during cell preparation. This chapter describes our FACS protocol, which we have used for more than a decade, to identify and purify MuSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Kubota
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - So-Ichiro Fukada
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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15
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Fu X, Zhuang CL, Hu P. Regulation of muscle stem cell fate. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 11:40. [PMID: 36456659 PMCID: PMC9715903 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a critical role in human health. Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) serve as the major cell type contributing to muscle regeneration by directly differentiating to mature muscle cells. MuSCs usually remain quiescent with occasionally self-renewal and are activated to enter cell cycle for proliferation followed by differentiation upon muscle injury or under pathological conditions. The quiescence maintenance, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of MuSCs are tightly regulated. The MuSC cell-intrinsic regulatory network and the microenvironments work coordinately to orchestrate the fate transition of MuSCs. The heterogeneity of MuSCs further complicates the regulation of MuSCs. This review briefly summarizes the current progress on the heterogeneity of MuSCs and the microenvironments, epigenetic, and transcription regulations of MuSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- grid.412987.10000 0004 0630 1330Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Cheng-le Zhuang
- grid.412538.90000 0004 0527 0050Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Ping Hu
- grid.412987.10000 0004 0630 1330Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China ,grid.412538.90000 0004 0527 0050Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China ,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guanghzou International Bio Lsland, No. 9 XingDaoHuan Road, Guangzhou, 510005 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
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16
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Gros K, Matkovič U, Parato G, Miš K, Luin E, Bernareggi A, Sciancalepore M, Marš T, Lorenzon P, Pirkmajer S. Neuronal Agrin Promotes Proliferation of Primary Human Myoblasts in an Age-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911784. [PMID: 36233091 PMCID: PMC9570459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal agrin, a heparan sulphate proteoglycan secreted by the α-motor neurons, promotes the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction by binding to Lrp4 and activating muscle-specific kinase (MuSK). Neuronal agrin also promotes myogenesis by enhancing differentiation and maturation of myotubes, but its effect on proliferating human myoblasts, which are often considered to be unresponsive to agrin, remains unclear. Using primary human myoblasts, we determined that neuronal agrin induced transient dephosphorylation of ERK1/2, while c-Abl, STAT3, and focal adhesion kinase were unresponsive. Gene silencing of Lrp4 and MuSK markedly reduced the BrdU incorporation, suggesting the functional importance of the Lrp4/MuSK complex for myoblast proliferation. Acute and chronic treatments with neuronal agrin increased the proliferation of human myoblasts in old donors, but they did not affect the proliferation of myoblasts in young donors. The C-terminal fragment of agrin which lacks the Lrp4-binding site and cannot activate MuSK had a similar age-dependent effect, indicating that the age-dependent signalling pathways activated by neuronal agrin involve the Lrp4/MuSK receptor complex as well as an Lrp4/MuSK-independent pathway which remained unknown. Collectively, our results highlight an age-dependent role for neuronal agrin in promoting the proliferation of human myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Gros
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urška Matkovič
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Giulia Parato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- The B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Katarina Miš
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Elisa Luin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- The B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bernareggi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- The B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marina Sciancalepore
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- The B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tomaž Marš
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Paola Lorenzon
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- The B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Sergej Pirkmajer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (S.P.)
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17
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Shi LL, Zhu KC, Wang HL. Characterization of myogenic regulatory factors, myod and myf5 from Megalobrama amblycephala and the effect of lipopolysaccharide on satellite cells in skeletal muscle. Gene 2022; 834:146608. [PMID: 35659893 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myod and Myf5 are muscle-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that play essential roles in regulating skeletal muscle development and growth. In order to investigate potential function of myod and myf5 of Megalobrama amblycephala, an economically important freshwater fish species, in the present study, we characterized the sequences and expression profiles of M. amblycephala myod and myf5. The open reading frame (ORF) sequences of myod and myf5 encoded 275 and 240 amino acids, respectively, possessing analogous structure with the highly conserved domains, bHLH and C-terminal helix III domains. Spatio-temporal expression patterns revealed that myod and myf5 were predominant in skeletal muscle with the highest expression in white muscle, and the highest at 10 days post-hatching (dph) and the segmentation period, respectively. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of muscle-related genes in white and red muscle, and proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells. The myod, myf5 and pax-7 expression generally increased and then decreased with increase of LPS concentration and treatment time in red muscle, while these genes showed inconsistent expression patterns in white muscle. In addition, LPS administration caused the frequency increase of satellite cells in red and white muscle especially at 3 and 7 days after LPS-injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Shi
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Huan-Ling Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, PR China.
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18
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Campbell TM, Dilworth FJ, Allan DS, Trudel G. The Hunt Is On! In Pursuit of the Ideal Stem Cell Population for Cartilage Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:866148. [PMID: 35711627 PMCID: PMC9196866 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.866148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage injury and degeneration are hallmarks of osteoarthritis (OA), the most common joint disease. OA is a major contributor to pain, loss of function, and reduced quality of life. Over the last decade, considerable research efforts have focused on cell-based therapies, including several stem cell-derived approaches to reverse the cartilage alterations associated with OA. Although several tissue sources for deriving cell-based therapies have been identified, none of the resident stem cell populations have adequately fulfilled the promise of curing OA. Indeed, many cell products do not contain true stem cells. As well, issues with aggressive marketing efforts, combined with a lack of evidence regarding efficacy, lead the several national regulatory bodies to discontinue the use of stem cell therapy for OA until more robust evidence becomes available. A review of the evidence is timely to address the status of cell-based cartilage regeneration. The promise of stem cell therapy is not new and has been used successfully to treat non-arthritic diseases, such as hematopoietic and muscle disorders. These fields of regenerative therapy have the advantage of a considerable foundation of knowledge in the area of stem cell repair mechanisms, the role of the stem cell niche, and niche-supporting cells. This foundation is lacking in the field of cartilage repair. So, where should we look for the ideal stem cell to regenerate cartilage? It has recently been discovered that cartilage itself may contain a population of SC-like progenitors. Other potential tissues include stem cell-rich dental pulp and the adolescent growth plate, the latter of which contains chondrocyte progenitors essential for producing the cartilage scaffold needed for bone growth. In this article, we review the progress on stem cell therapies for arthritic disorders, focusing on the various stem cell populations previously used for cartilage regeneration, successful cases of stem cell therapies in muscle and hemopoietic disorders, some of the reasons why these other fields have been successful (i.e., “lessons learned” to be applied to OA stem cell therapy), and finally, novel potential sources of stem cells for regenerating damaged cartilage in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mark Campbell
- Elisabeth Bruyère Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - F Jeffrey Dilworth
- Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David S Allan
- Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Trudel
- Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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19
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Zheng J, Lou J, Li Y, Qian P, He W, Hao Y, Xue T, Li Y, Song YH. Satellite cell-specific deletion of Cipc alleviates myopathy in mdx mice. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110939. [PMID: 35705041 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on satellite cells that can proliferate, differentiate, and form new myofibers upon injury. Emerging evidence suggests that misregulation of satellite cell fate and function influences the severity of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The transcription factor Pax7 determines the myogenic identity and maintenance of the pool of satellite cells. The circadian clock regulates satellite cell proliferation and self-renewal. Here, we show that the CLOCK-interacting protein Circadian (CIPC) a negative-feedback regulator of the circadian clock, is up-regulated during myoblast differentiation. Specific deletion of Cipc in satellite cells alleviates myopathy, improves muscle function, and reduces fibrosis in mdx mice. Cipc deficiency leads to activation of the ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 signaling pathways, which activates the transcription factor SP1 to trigger the transcription of Pax7 and MyoD. Therefore, CIPC is a negative regulator of satellite cell function, and loss of Cipc in satellite cells promotes muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqing Zheng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Panting Qian
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yingxue Hao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xue
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yangxin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Institute of Cardiovascular Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Yao-Hua Song
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
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20
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Fukada SI, Ito N. Regulation of muscle hypertrophy: Involvement of the Akt-independent pathway and satellite cells in muscle hypertrophy. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112907. [PMID: 34793776 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles are composed of multinuclear cells called myofibers and have unique abilities, one of which is plasticity. In response to the mechanical load induced by physical activity, skeletal muscle exerts several local adaptations, including an increase in myofiber size and myonuclear number, known as muscle hypertrophy. Protein synthesis and muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) are mainly responsible for these adaptations. However, the upstream signaling pathways that promote protein synthesis remain controversial. Further, the necessity of MuSCs in muscle hypertrophy is also a highly debated issue. In this review, we summarized the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/Akt-independent activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in muscle hypertrophy and the involvement of mTOR signaling in age-related loss of skeletal muscle function and mass and in sarcopenia. The roles and behaviors of MuSCs, characteristics of new myonuclei in muscle hypertrophy, and their relevance to sarcopenia have also been updated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Naoki Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
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21
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Partridge TA. Enhancing Interrogation of Skeletal Muscle Samples for Informative Quantitative Data. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:S257-S269. [PMID: 34511511 PMCID: PMC8673506 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-210736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Careful quantitative analysis of histological preparations of muscle samples is crucial to accurate investigation of myopathies in man and of interpretation of data from animals subjected to experimental or potentially therapeutic treatments. Protocols for measuring cell numbers are subject to problems arising from biases associated with preparative and analytical techniques. Prominent among these is the effect of polarized structure of skeletal muscle on sampling bias. It is also common in this tissue to collect data as ratios to convenient reference dominators, the fundamental bases of which are ill-defined, or unrecognized or not accurately assessable. Use of such 'floating' denominators raises a barrier to estimation of the absolute values that assume practical importance in medical research, where accurate comparison between different scenarios in different species is essential to the aim of translating preclinical research findings in animal models to clinical utility in Homo sapiens.This review identifies some of the underappreciated problems with current morphometric practice, some of which are exacerbated in skeletal muscle, and evaluates the extent of their intrusiveness into the of building an objective, accurate, picture of the structure of the muscle sample. It also contains recommendations for eliminating or at least minimizing these problems. Principal among these, would be the use of stereological procedures to avoid the substantial counting biases arising from inter-procedure differences in object size and section thickness.Attention is also drawn to the distortions of interpretation arising from use of undefined or inappropriate denominators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence A Partridge
- Professor of Integrative Systemic Biology, George Washington University, Washington DC.,Honorary Professor, Institute of Child Health, University College London
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22
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Murach KA, Fry CS, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Fusion and beyond: Satellite cell contributions to loading-induced skeletal muscle adaptation. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21893. [PMID: 34480776 PMCID: PMC9293230 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101096r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells support adult skeletal muscle fiber adaptations to loading in numerous ways. The fusion of satellite cells, driven by cell-autonomous and/or extrinsic factors, contributes new myonuclei to muscle fibers, associates with load-induced hypertrophy, and may support focal membrane damage repair and long-term myonuclear transcriptional output. Recent studies have also revealed that satellite cells communicate within their niche to mediate muscle remodeling in response to resistance exercise, regulating the activity of numerous cell types through various mechanisms such as secretory signaling and cell-cell contact. Muscular adaptation to resistance and endurance activity can be initiated and sustained for a period of time in the absence of satellite cells, but satellite cell participation is ultimately required to achieve full adaptive potential, be it growth, function, or proprioceptive coordination. While significant progress has been made in understanding the roles of satellite cells in adult muscle over the last few decades, many conclusions have been extrapolated from regeneration studies. This review highlights our current understanding of satellite cell behavior and contributions to adaptation outside of regeneration in adult muscle, as well as the roles of satellite cells beyond fusion and myonuclear accretion, which are gaining broader recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Molecular Muscle Mass Regulation Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Christopher S Fry
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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23
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Shengchen W, Jing L, Yujie Y, Yue W, Shiwen X. Polystyrene microplastics-induced ROS overproduction disrupts the skeletal muscle regeneration by converting myoblasts into adipocytes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125962. [PMID: 33979708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The environmental problem of Microplastics (MPs) pollution poses a great threat to human and animal health, which has attracted global attention. The physiological integrity of skeletal muscle is extremely important for the survival of animals. Here, we investigated the effect of two size polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs, 1-10 µm and 50-100 µm) on the growth of anterior tibial (TA) muscle and repair after injury in mice. Results showed that the regeneration of skeletal muscle was delayed by PS-MPs exposure and was negatively correlated with particle size. H&E staining and Oil red O staining showed that PS-MPs exposure reduced the average cross-sectional area (CSA) and diameter of the muscle fibers, increased lipid deposition. Further mechanistic research displayed that though PS-MPs treatment did not affect cell viability of myoblast, it aggravated intracellular ROS generation and oxidative stress, inhibited myogenic differentiation by decreasing the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, and promote adipogenic differentiation by increasing the expression of NF-κB, which could be alleviated by NAC. In brief, our data demonstrated that the ROS overproduction caused by PS-MPs disturbed the regeneration of skeletal muscle and directed the fate of satellite cells in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Shengchen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Liu Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yao Yujie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wang Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xu Shiwen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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24
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Contreras O, Rossi FMV, Theret M. Origins, potency, and heterogeneity of skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors-time for new definitions. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:16. [PMID: 34210364 PMCID: PMC8247239 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Striated muscle is a highly plastic and regenerative organ that regulates body movement, temperature, and metabolism-all the functions needed for an individual's health and well-being. The muscle connective tissue's main components are the extracellular matrix and its resident stromal cells, which continuously reshape it in embryonic development, homeostasis, and regeneration. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors are enigmatic and transformative muscle-resident interstitial cells with mesenchymal stem/stromal cell properties. They act as cellular sentinels and physiological hubs for adult muscle homeostasis and regeneration by shaping the microenvironment by secreting a complex cocktail of extracellular matrix components, diffusible cytokines, ligands, and immune-modulatory factors. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors are the lineage precursors of specialized cells, including activated fibroblasts, adipocytes, and osteogenic cells after injury. Here, we discuss current research gaps, potential druggable developments, and outstanding questions about fibro-adipogenic progenitor origins, potency, and heterogeneity. Finally, we took advantage of recent advances in single-cell technologies combined with lineage tracing to unify the diversity of stromal fibro-adipogenic progenitors. Thus, this compelling review provides new cellular and molecular insights in comprehending the origins, definitions, markers, fate, and plasticity of murine and human fibro-adipogenic progenitors in muscle development, homeostasis, regeneration, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, 2052, Australia.
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Marine Theret
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Medical Genetics and School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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25
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Ausems CRM, van Engelen BGM, van Bokhoven H, Wansink DG. Systemic cell therapy for muscular dystrophies : The ultimate transplantable muscle progenitor cell and current challenges for clinical efficacy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:878-899. [PMID: 33349909 PMCID: PMC8166694 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle makes it an excellent target for cell therapy. However, the potential of muscle tissue to renew is typically exhausted and insufficient in muscular dystrophies (MDs), a large group of heterogeneous genetic disorders showing progressive loss of skeletal muscle fibers. Cell therapy for MDs has to rely on suppletion with donor cells with high myogenic regenerative capacity. Here, we provide an overview on stem cell lineages employed for strategies in MDs, with a focus on adult stem cells and progenitor cells resident in skeletal muscle. In the early days, the potential of myoblasts and satellite cells was explored, but after disappointing clinical results the field moved to other muscle progenitor cells, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Most recently, mesoangioblasts and pericytes have been pursued for muscle cell therapy, leading to a handful of preclinical studies and a clinical trial. The current status of (pre)clinical work for the most common forms of MD illustrates the existing challenges and bottlenecks. Besides the intrinsic properties of transplantable cells, we discuss issues relating to cell expansion and cell viability after transplantation, optimal dosage, and route and timing of administration. Since MDs are genetic conditions, autologous cell therapy and gene therapy will need to go hand-in-hand, bringing in additional complications. Finally, we discuss determinants for optimization of future clinical trials for muscle cell therapy. Joined research efforts bring hope that effective therapies for MDs are on the horizon to fulfil the unmet clinical need in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rosanne M Ausems
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Derick G Wansink
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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26
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Extracellular matrix: an important regulator of cell functions and skeletal muscle development. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:65. [PMID: 33789727 PMCID: PMC8011170 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a kind of connective tissue in the cell microenvironment, which is of great significance to tissue development. ECM in muscle fiber niche consists of three layers: the epimysium, the perimysium, and the endomysium (basal lamina). These three layers of connective tissue structure can not only maintain the morphology of skeletal muscle, but also play an important role in the physiological functions of muscle cells, such as the transmission of mechanical force, the regeneration of muscle fiber, and the formation of neuromuscular junction. In this paper, detailed discussions are made for the structure and key components of ECM in skeletal muscle tissue, the role of ECM in skeletal muscle development, and the application of ECM in biomedical engineering. This review will provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of ECM, as well as a comprehensive understanding of the structure, physiological function, and application of ECM in skeletal muscle tissue.
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27
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Khodabukus A. Tissue-Engineered Skeletal Muscle Models to Study Muscle Function, Plasticity, and Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:619710. [PMID: 33716768 PMCID: PMC7952620 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.619710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses remarkable plasticity that permits functional adaptations to a wide range of signals such as motor input, exercise, and disease. Small animal models have been pivotal in elucidating the molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle adaptation and plasticity. However, these small animal models fail to accurately model human muscle disease resulting in poor clinical success of therapies. Here, we review the potential of in vitro three-dimensional tissue-engineered skeletal muscle models to study muscle function, plasticity, and disease. First, we discuss the generation and function of in vitro skeletal muscle models. We then discuss the genetic, neural, and hormonal factors regulating skeletal muscle fiber-type in vivo and the ability of current in vitro models to study muscle fiber-type regulation. We also evaluate the potential of these systems to be utilized in a patient-specific manner to accurately model and gain novel insights into diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and volumetric muscle loss. We conclude with a discussion on future developments required for tissue-engineered skeletal muscle models to become more mature, biomimetic, and widely utilized for studying muscle physiology, disease, and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Khodabukus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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28
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Huang B, Jiao Y, Zhu Y, Ning Z, Ye Z, Li QX, Hu C, Wang C. Mdfi Promotes C2C12 Cell Differentiation and Positively Modulates Fast-to-Slow-Twitch Muscle Fiber Transformation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:605875. [PMID: 33553177 PMCID: PMC7862576 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.605875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle development requires myoblast differentiation and muscle fiber formation. Myod family inhibitor (Mdfi) inhibits myogenic regulatory factors in NIH3T3 cells, but how Mdfi regulates myoblast myogenic development is still unclear. In the present study, we constructed an Mdfi-overexpression (Mdfi-OE) C2C12 cell line by the CRISPR/Cas9 system and performed RNA-seq on Mdfi-OE and wild-type (WT) C2C12 cells. The RNA-seq results showed that the calcium signaling pathway was the most significant. We also established the regulatory networks of Mdfi-OE on C2C12 cell differentiation and muscle fiber type transformation and identified hub genes. Further, both RNA-seq and experimental verification demonstrated that Mdfi promoted C2C12 cell differentiation by upregulating the expression of Myod, Myog, and Myosin. We also found that the positive regulation of Mdfi on fast-to-slow-twitch muscle fiber transformation is mediated by Myod, Camk2b, and its downstream genes, such as Pgc1a, Pdk4, Cs, Cox4, Acadm, Acox1, Cycs, and Atp5a1. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that Mdfi promotes C2C12 cell differentiation and positively modulates fast-to-slow-twitch muscle fiber transformation. These findings further our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of Mdfi in myogenic development and muscle fiber type transformation. Our results suggest potential therapeutic targets for muscle- and metabolic-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiren Jiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuocheng Ning
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijian Ye
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Chingyuan Hu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Chong Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Mathematical simulation of tumour angiogenesis: angiopoietin balance is a key factor in vessel growth and regression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:419. [PMID: 33432093 PMCID: PMC7801613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive tumour growth results in a hypoxic environment around cancer cells, thus inducing tumour angiogenesis, which refers to the generation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. This mechanism is biologically and physically complex, with various mathematical simulation models proposing to reproduce its formation. However, although temporary vessel regression is clinically known, few models succeed in reproducing this phenomenon. Here, we developed a three-dimensional simulation model encompassing both angiogenesis and tumour growth, specifically including angiopoietin. Angiopoietin regulates both adhesion and migration between vascular endothelial cells and wall cells, thus inhibiting the cell-to-cell adhesion required for angiogenesis initiation. Simulation results showed a regression, i.e. transient decrease, in the overall length of new vessels during vascular network formation. Using our model, we also evaluated the efficacy of administering the drug bevacizumab. The results highlighted differences in treatment efficacy: (1) earlier administration showed higher efficacy in inhibiting tumour growth, and (2) efficacy depended on the treatment interval even with the administration of the same dose. After thorough validation in the future, these results will contribute to the design of angiogenesis treatment protocols.
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30
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García-Prat L, Perdiguero E, Alonso-Martín S, Dell'Orso S, Ravichandran S, Brooks SR, Juan AH, Campanario S, Jiang K, Hong X, Ortet L, Ruiz-Bonilla V, Flández M, Moiseeva V, Rebollo E, Jardí M, Sun HW, Musarò A, Sandri M, Del Sol A, Sartorelli V, Muñoz-Cánoves P. FoxO maintains a genuine muscle stem-cell quiescent state until geriatric age. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1307-1318. [PMID: 33106654 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-00593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration declines with ageing but little is known about whether this arises from changes in stem-cell heterogeneity. Here, in homeostatic skeletal muscle, we identify two quiescent stem-cell states distinguished by relative CD34 expression: CD34High, with stemness properties (genuine state), and CD34Low, committed to myogenic differentiation (primed state). The genuine-quiescent state is unexpectedly preserved into later life, succumbing only in extreme old age due to the acquisition of primed-state traits. Niche-derived IGF1-dependent Akt activation debilitates the genuine stem-cell state by imposing primed-state features via FoxO inhibition. Interventions to neutralize Akt and promote FoxO activity drive a primed-to-genuine state conversion, whereas FoxO inactivation deteriorates the genuine state at a young age, causing regenerative failure of muscle, as occurs in geriatric mice. These findings reveal transcriptional determinants of stem-cell heterogeneity that resist ageing more than previously anticipated and are only lost in extreme old age, with implications for the repair of geriatric muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Prat
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Alonso-Martín
- Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastián, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Stefania Dell'Orso
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Srikanth Ravichandran
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aster H Juan
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Silvia Campanario
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kan Jiang
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaotong Hong
- Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ortet
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Ruiz-Bonilla
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Flández
- Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Oncología Clínico Traslacional, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Moiseeva
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Rebollo
- Molecular Imaging Platform, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Jardí
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antonio Musarò
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Sol
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Vittorio Sartorelli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain. .,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Wurmser M, Chaverot N, Madani R, Sakai H, Negroni E, Demignon J, Saint-Pierre B, Mouly V, Amthor H, Tapscott S, Birchmeier C, Tajbakhsh S, Le Grand F, Sotiropoulos A, Maire P. SIX1 and SIX4 homeoproteins regulate PAX7+ progenitor cell properties during fetal epaxial myogenesis. Development 2020; 147:dev.185975. [PMID: 32591430 DOI: 10.1242/dev.185975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pax7 expression marks stem cells in developing skeletal muscles and adult satellite cells during homeostasis and muscle regeneration. The genetic determinants that control the entrance into the myogenic program and the appearance of PAX7+ cells during embryogenesis are poorly understood. SIX homeoproteins are encoded by the sine oculis-related homeobox Six1-Six6 genes in vertebrates. Six1, Six2, Six4 and Six5 are expressed in the muscle lineage. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Six1 and Six4 could participate in the genesis of myogenic stem cells. We show that fewer PAX7+ cells occupy a satellite cell position between the myofiber and its associated basal lamina in Six1 and Six4 knockout mice (s1s4KO) at E18. However, PAX7+ cells are detected in remaining muscle masses present in the epaxial region of the double mutant embryos and are able to divide and contribute to muscle growth. To further characterize the properties of s1s4KO PAX7+ cells, we analyzed their transcriptome and tested their properties after transplantation in adult regenerating tibialis anterior muscle. Mutant stem cells contribute to hypotrophic myofibers that are not innervated but retain the ability to self-renew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Wurmser
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Chaverot
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Rouba Madani
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Hiroshi Sakai
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.,Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Negroni
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Myologie, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Josiane Demignon
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Saint-Pierre
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Myologie, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Helge Amthor
- INSERM U1179, LIA BAHN CSM, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | | | | | - Shahragim Tajbakhsh
- Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Fabien Le Grand
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France.,Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Athanassia Sotiropoulos
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Maire
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, 24 rue du Fg St Jacques, F-75014 Paris, France
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32
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Wu MH, Lin CY, Hou CY, Sheu MT, Chang H. Micronized sacchachitin promotes satellite cell proliferation through TAK1-JNK-AP-1 signaling pathway predominantly by TLR2 activation. Chin Med 2020; 15:100. [PMID: 33514380 PMCID: PMC7510329 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ganoderma sp., such as Ganoderma tsugae (GT), play an important role in traditional Chinese medicine. Ganoderma sp. contains several constituents, including Sacacchin, which has recently drawn attention because it can not only enhance the repair of muscle damage but also strengthen the muscle enforcement. Although Ganoderma sp. have a therapeutic effect for neuromuscular disorders, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of micronized sacchachitin (mSC) on satellite cells (SCs), which are known as the muscle stem cells. METHODS The myogenic cells, included SCs (Pax7+) were isolated from tibialis anterior muscles of a healthy rat and were cultured in growth media with different mSC concentrations. For the evaluation of SC proliferation, these cultivated cells were immunostained with Pax7 and bromodeoxyuridine assessed simultaneously. The molecular signal pathway was further investigated by using Western blotting and signal pathway inhibitors. RESULTS Our data revealed that 200 µg/mL mSC had an optimal capability to significantly enhance the SC proliferation. Furthermore, this enhancement of SC proliferation was verified to be involved with activation of TAK1-JNK-AP-1 signaling pathway through TLR2, whose expression on SC surface was confirmed for the first time here. CONCLUSION Micronized sacchachitin extracted from GT was capable of promoting the proliferation of SC under a correct concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Huang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chuang-Yu Lin
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Chun-Yin Hou
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, No. 87 Tongde Rd., Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Thau Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Hsi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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33
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Associations of Plasma Angiopoietins-1 and -2 and Angiopoietin-2/-1 Ratios With Measures of Organ Injury and Clinical Outcomes in Children With Sepsis: A Preliminary Report. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2020; 21:e874-e878. [PMID: 32740186 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Results from preclinical and adult sepsis studies suggest that the balance of circulating angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels, represented as angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios, plays a pivotal role in mediating vascular dysfunction and organ injury during sepsis. However, the relationship of plasma angiopoietins with organ injury and clinical outcomes in children with sepsis remains unknown. We sought to determine whether plasma angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels and angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios in the acute phase of sepsis correlated with measures of organ injury and clinical outcomes in children with sepsis. DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING PICU within a tertiary freestanding children's hospital. PATIENTS Children 18 years old or less and greater than 3 kg admitted to the PICU for sepsis. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Plasma angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels were measured in 38 children with sepsis 0-6, 24, 48, and 72 hours following PICU admission. Children with elevated pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores on the third day after PICU admission demonstrated significantly higher 24-72-hour angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios predominantly as a function of higher angiopoietin-2 levels. In children with sepsis-induced organ dysfunction, angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios correlated with oxygenation indices and serum levels of creatinine and bilirubin. Forty-eight- and 72-hour angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios correlated with PICU length of stay (Spearman rho = 0.485, p = 0.004 and rho = 0.440, p = 0.015, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In the acute phase of sepsis in children, plasma angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios rise significantly above control levels and correlate with measures of organ injury and worse clinical outcomes after 24 hours. Our findings suggest that angiopoietin dysregulation begins early in sepsis and, if sustained, may promote greater organ injury that can lead to worse clinical outcomes.
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34
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Helmbacher F, Stricker S. Tissue cross talks governing limb muscle development and regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 104:14-30. [PMID: 32517852 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For decades, limb development has been a paradigm of three-dimensional patterning. Moreover, as the limb muscles and the other tissues of the limb's musculoskeletal system arise from distinct developmental sources, it has been a prime example of integrative morphogenesis and cross-tissue communication. As the limbs grow, all components of the musculoskeletal system (muscles, tendons, connective tissue, nerves) coordinate their growth and differentiation, ultimately giving rise to a functional unit capable of executing elaborate movement. While the molecular mechanisms governing global three-dimensional patterning and formation of the skeletal structures of the limbs has been a matter of intense research, patterning of the soft tissues is less understood. Here, we review the development of limb muscles with an emphasis on their interaction with other tissue types and the instructive roles these tissues play. Furthermore, we discuss the role of adult correlates of these embryonic accessory tissues in muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sigmar Stricker
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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35
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Low birth weight influences the postnatal abundance and characteristics of satellite cell subpopulations in pigs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6149. [PMID: 32273524 PMCID: PMC7145795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62779-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low birth weight (LBW) can cause lifelong impairments in muscle development and growth. Satellite cells (SC) and their progeny are crucial contributors to myogenic processes. This study provides new data on LBW in piglets combining insights on energy metabolism, muscle capillarization and differences in SC presence and function. To this aim, muscle tissues as well as isolated myogenic cells of 4-day-old German Landrace piglets were analyzed. For the first time two heterogeneous SC subpopulations, which contribute differently to muscle development, were isolated from LBW pigs by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The muscles of LBW piglets showed a reduced DNA, RNA, and protein content as well as lower activity of the muscle specific enzymes CK, ICDH, and LDH compared to their normal birth weight siblings. We assume that deficits in energy metabolism and capillarization are associated with reduced bioavailability of SC, possibly leading to early exhaustion of the SC reserve cell pool and the cells’ premature differentiation.
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36
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Stem Cell Aging in Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051830. [PMID: 32155842 PMCID: PMC7084237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle comprises 30-40% of the weight of a healthy human body and is required for voluntary movements in humans. Mature skeletal muscle is formed by multinuclear cells, which are called myofibers. Formation of myofibers depends on the proliferation, differentiation, and fusion of muscle progenitor cells during development and after injury. Muscle progenitor cells are derived from muscle satellite (stem) cells (MuSCs), which reside on the surface of the myofiber but beneath the basement membrane. MuSCs play a central role in postnatal maintenance, growth, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscle. In sedentary adult muscle, MuSCs are mitotically quiescent, but are promptly activated in response to muscle injury. Physiological and chronological aging induces MuSC aging, leading to an impaired regenerative capability. Importantly, in pathological situations, repetitive muscle injury induces early impairment of MuSCs due to stem cell aging and leads to early impairment of regeneration ability. In this review, we discuss (1) the role of MuSCs in muscle regeneration, (2) stem cell aging under physiological and pathological conditions, and (3) prospects related to clinical applications of controlling MuSCs.
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37
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Mierzejewski B, Archacka K, Grabowska I, Florkowska A, Ciemerych MA, Brzoska E. Human and mouse skeletal muscle stem and progenitor cells in health and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 104:93-104. [PMID: 32005567 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The proper functioning of tissues and organs depends on their ability to self-renew and repair. Some of the tissues, like epithelia, renew almost constantly while in the others this process is induced by injury or diseases. The stem or progenitor cells responsible for tissue homeostasis have been identified in many organs. Some of them, such as hematopoietic or intestinal epithelium stem cells, are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types. Others are unipotent. The skeletal muscle tissue does not self-renew spontaneously, however, it presents unique ability to regenerate in response to the injury or disease. Its repair almost exclusively relies on unipotent satellite cells. However, multiple lines of evidence document that some progenitor cells present in the muscle can be supportive for skeletal muscle regeneration. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the complicated landscape of stem and progenitor cells that exist in skeletal muscle and support its regeneration. We compare the cells from two model organisms, i.e., mouse and human, documenting their similarities and differences and indicating methods to test their ability to undergo myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Mierzejewski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anita Florkowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Anna Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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38
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Abstract
The transition between proliferating and quiescent states must be carefully regulated to ensure that cells divide to create the cells an organism needs only at the appropriate time and place. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are critical for both transitioning cells from one cell cycle state to the next, and for regulating whether cells are proliferating or quiescent. CDKs are regulated by association with cognate cyclins, activating and inhibitory phosphorylation events, and proteins that bind to them and inhibit their activity. The substrates of these kinases, including the retinoblastoma protein, enforce the changes in cell cycle status. Single cell analysis has clarified that competition among factors that activate and inhibit CDK activity leads to the cell's decision to enter the cell cycle, a decision the cell makes before S phase. Signaling pathways that control the activity of CDKs regulate the transition between quiescence and proliferation in stem cells, including stem cells that generate muscle and neurons. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:317-344, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A Coller
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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39
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Potential Therapies Using Myogenic Stem Cells Combined with Bio-Engineering Approaches for Treatment of Muscular Dystrophies. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091066. [PMID: 31514443 PMCID: PMC6769835 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a group of heterogeneous genetic disorders caused by mutations in the genes encoding the structural components of myofibres. The current state-of-the-art treatment is oligonucleotide-based gene therapy that restores disease-related protein. However, this therapeutic approach has limited efficacy and is unlikely to be curative. While the number of studies focused on cell transplantation therapy has increased in the recent years, this approach remains challenging due to multiple issues related to the efficacy of engrafted cells, source of myogenic cells, and systemic injections. Technical innovation has contributed to overcoming cell source challenges, and in recent studies, a combination of muscle resident stem cells and gene editing has shown promise as a novel approach. Furthermore, improvement of the muscular environment both in cultured donor cells and in recipient MD muscles may potentially facilitate cell engraftment. Artificial skeletal muscle generated by myogenic cells and muscle resident cells is an alternate approach that may enable the replacement of damaged tissues. Here, we review the current status of myogenic stem cell transplantation therapy, describe recent advances, and discuss the remaining obstacles that exist in the search for a cure for MD patients.
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40
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PFN2a Suppresses C2C12 Myogenic Development by Inhibiting Proliferation and Promoting Apoptosis via the p53 Pathway. Cells 2019; 8:cells8090959. [PMID: 31450751 PMCID: PMC6770762 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in physical activity and in regulating body energy and protein balance. Myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis are indispensable processes for myoblast myogenesis. Profilin 2a (PFN2a) is a ubiquitous actin monomer-binding protein and promotes lung cancer growth and metastasis through suppressing the nuclear localization of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1). However, how PFN2a regulates myoblast myogenic development is still not clear. We constructed a C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line overexpressing PFN2a. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to study the function of PFN2a in C2C12 myogenic development. We find that PFN2a suppresses proliferation and promotes apoptosis and consequentially downregulates C2C12 myogenic development. The suppression of PFN2a also decreases the amount of HDAC1 in the nucleus and increases the protein level of p53 during C2C12 myogenic development. Therefore, we propose that PFN2a suppresses C2C12 myogenic development via the p53 pathway. Si-p53 (siRNA-p53) reverses the PFN2a inhibitory effect on C2C12 proliferation and the PFN2a promotion effect on C2C12 apoptosis, and then attenuates the suppression of PFN2a on myogenic differentiation. Our results expand understanding of PFN2a regulatory mechanisms in myogenic development and suggest potential therapeutic targets for muscle atrophy-related diseases.
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41
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Tirone M, Giovenzana A, Vallone A, Zordan P, Sormani M, Nicolosi PA, Meneveri R, Gigliotti CR, Spinelli AE, Bocciardi R, Ravazzolo R, Cifola I, Brunelli S. Severe Heterotopic Ossification in the Skeletal Muscle and Endothelial Cells Recruitment to Chondrogenesis Are Enhanced by Monocyte/Macrophage Depletion. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1640. [PMID: 31396210 PMCID: PMC6662553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered macrophage infiltration upon tissue damage results in inadequate healing due to inappropriate remodeling and stem cell recruitment and differentiation. We investigated in vivo whether cells of endothelial origin phenotypically change upon heterotopic ossification induction and whether infiltration of innate immunity cells influences their commitment and alters the ectopic bone formation. Liposome-encapsulated clodronate was used to assess macrophage impact on endothelial cells in the skeletal muscle upon acute damage in the ECs specific lineage-tracing Cdh5CreERT2:R26REYFP/dtTomato transgenic mice. Macrophage depletion in the injured skeletal muscle partially shifts the fate of ECs toward endochondral differentiation. Upon ectopic stimulation of BMP signaling, monocyte depletion leads to an enhanced contribution of ECs chondrogenesis and to ectopic bone formation, with increased bone volume and density, that is reversed by ACVR1/SMAD pathway inhibitor dipyridamole. This suggests that macrophages contribute to preserve endothelial fate and to limit the bone lesion in a BMP/injury-induced mouse model of heterotopic ossification. Therefore, alterations of the macrophage-endothelial axis may represent a novel target for molecular intervention in heterotopic ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tirone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Giovenzana
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Vallone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Zordan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Sormani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Raffaela Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Antonello E Spinelli
- Centre for Experimental Imaging, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renata Bocciardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.,U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Ravazzolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.,U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Ingrid Cifola
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Brunelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Macrophages Are Key Regulators of Stem Cells during Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4761427. [PMID: 31396285 PMCID: PMC6664695 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4761427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is a closely regulated process that involves a variety of cell types such as satellite cells, myofibers, fibroadipogenic progenitors, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Among these different cell types, macrophages emerged as a central actor coordinating the different cellular interactions and biological processes. Particularly, the transition of macrophages from their proinflammatory to their anti-inflammatory phenotype was shown to regulate inflammation, myogenesis, fibrosis, vascularization, and return to homeostasis. On the other hand, deregulation of macrophage accumulation or polarization in chronic degenerative muscle disorders was shown to impair muscle regeneration. Considering the key roles of macrophages in skeletal muscle, they represent an attractive target for new therapeutic approaches aiming at mitigating various muscle disorders. This review aims at summarizing the novel insights into macrophage heterogeneity, plasticity, and functions in skeletal muscle homeostasis, regeneration, and disease.
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43
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Arrigoni C, Petta D, Bersini S, Mironov V, Candrian C, Moretti M. Engineering complex muscle-tissue interfaces through microfabrication. Biofabrication 2019; 11:032004. [PMID: 31042682 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab1e7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a tissue with a complex and hierarchical architecture that influences its functional properties. In order to exert its contractile function, muscle tissue is connected to neural, vascular and connective compartments, comprising finely structured interfaces which are orchestrated by multiple signalling pathways. Pathological conditions such as dystrophies and trauma, or physiological situations such as exercise and aging, modify the architectural organization of these structures, hence affecting muscle functionality. To overcome current limitations of in vivo and standard in vitro models, microfluidics and biofabrication techniques have been applied to better reproduce the microarchitecture and physicochemical environment of human skeletal muscle tissue. In the present review, we aim to critically discuss the role of those techniques, taken individually or in combination, in the generation of models that mimic the complex interfaces between muscle tissue and neural/vascular/tendon compartments. The exploitation of either microfluidics or biofabrication to model different muscle interfaces has led to the development of constructs with an improved spatial organization, thus presenting a better functionality as compared to standard models. However, the achievement of models replicating muscle-tissue interfaces with adequate architecture, presence of fundamental proteins and recapitulation of signalling pathways is still far from being achieved. Increased integration between microfluidics and biofabrication, providing the possibility to pattern cells in predetermined structures with higher resolution, will help to reproduce the hierarchical and heterogeneous structure of skeletal muscle interfaces. Such strategies will further improve the functionality of these techniques, providing a key contribution towards the study of skeletal muscle functions in physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Arrigoni
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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Zitnan R, Albrecht E, Kalbe C, Miersch C, Revajova V, Levkut M, Röntgen M. Muscle characteristics in chicks challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis and the effect of preventive application of the probiotic Enterococcus faecium. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2014-2025. [PMID: 30590796 PMCID: PMC6448134 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the effects of the probiotic Enterococcus faecium AL41 (EF) and of the enteric pathogen Salmonella Enteritidis PT4 (SE) on the development of posthatch pectoralis major muscle (PM) of broiler chicks. The four experimental groups were control (CON), EF, SE, and EF+SE (EFSE). EF and SE were given per os from days 1 to 7 and at day 4 posthatch, respectively. Muscle samples from 6 chicks per group were taken at day 8 (D8) and day 11 (D11) to evaluate PM myofiber growth, capillarization, DNA, RNA, and protein content, as well as enzyme activities (isocitrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase). PM growth rate was 7.45 ± 2.7 g/d in non-SE groups (CON, EF) and 5.10 ± 1.82 g/d in SE-infected groups (P < 0.02). Compared with group CON, application of bacteria (groups EF and SE) reduced the fiber cross-sectional area (246 and 262 vs. 347 ± 19 μm2) and the number of myonuclei per fiber (0.66 and 0.64 vs. 0.79 ± 0.03). At D11, hypertrophic myofiber growth normalized in the EF group, but negative effects persisted in SE and EFSE birds contributing to lower daily PM gain. In addition, SE infection strongly disturbed PM capillarization. Negative effects on capillary cross-sectional area and on the area (%) covered by capillaries persisted until D11 in the SE group, whereas pre-feeding of EF restored capillarization in the EFSE group to control levels. We conclude that supplementation of the probiotic bacteria EF AL41 had positive effects on PM capillarization and, thus, on delivery of O2, supply of nutrients, and removal of metabolites. Supplementation of probiotic bacteria might therefore reduce energetic stress and improve muscle health and meat quality during SE infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zitnan
- National Agriculture and Food Centre, Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - E Albrecht
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - C Kalbe
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - C Miersch
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - V Revajova
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - M Levkut
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - M Röntgen
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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Gallot YS, Straughn AR, Bohnert KR, Xiong G, Hindi SM, Kumar A. MyD88 is required for satellite cell-mediated myofiber regeneration in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3449-3463. [PMID: 30010933 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, leads to severe muscle wasting and eventual death of the afflicted individuals, primarily due to respiratory failure. Deficit in myofiber regeneration, potentially due to an exhaustion of satellite cells, is one of the major pathological features of DMD. Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) is an adaptor protein that mediates activation of various inflammatory pathways in response to signaling from Toll-like receptors and interleukin-1 receptor. MyD88 also regulates cellular survival, proliferation and differentiation in a cell-autonomous manner. However, the role of MyD88 in satellite stem cell homeostasis and function in dystrophic muscle remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that tamoxifen-inducible deletion of MyD88 in satellite cells causes loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Satellite cell-specific deletion of MyD88 inhibits myofiber regeneration and stimulates fibrogenesis in dystrophic muscle of mdx mice. Deletion of MyD88 also reduces the number of satellite cells and inhibits their fusion with injured myofibers in dystrophic muscle of mdx mice. Ablation of MyD88 in satellite cells increases the markers of M2 macrophages without having any significant effect on M1 macrophages and expression of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, we found that satellite cell-specific deletion of MyD88 leads to aberrant activation of Notch and Wnt signaling in skeletal muscle of mdx mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that MyD88-mediated signaling in satellite cells is essential for the regeneration of injured myofibers in dystrophic muscle of mdx mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann S Gallot
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Alex R Straughn
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Kyle R Bohnert
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Guangyan Xiong
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Sajedah M Hindi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Evano B, Tajbakhsh S. Skeletal muscle stem cells in comfort and stress. NPJ Regen Med 2018; 3:24. [PMID: 30588332 PMCID: PMC6303387 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-018-0062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations on developmental and regenerative myogenesis have led to major advances in decrypting stem cell properties and potential, as well as their interactions within the evolving niche. As a consequence, regenerative myogenesis has provided a forum to investigate intrinsic regulators of stem cell properties as well as extrinsic factors, including stromal cells, during normal growth and following injury and disease. Here we review some of the latest advances in the field that have exposed fundamental processes including regulation of stress following trauma and ageing, senescence, DNA damage control and modes of symmetric and asymmetric cell divisions. Recent studies have begun to explore the nature of the niche that is distinct in different muscle groups, and that is altered from prenatal to postnatal stages, and during ageing. We also discuss heterogeneities among muscle stem cells and how distinct properties within the quiescent and proliferating cell states might impact on homoeostasis and regeneration. Interestingly, cellular quiescence, which was thought to be a passive cell state, is regulated by multiple mechanisms, many of which are deregulated in various contexts including ageing. These and other factors including metabolic activity and genetic background can impact on the efficiency of muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Evano
- Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Shahragim Tajbakhsh
- Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
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Verma M, Asakura Y, Murakonda BSR, Pengo T, Latroche C, Chazaud B, McLoon LK, Asakura A. Muscle Satellite Cell Cross-Talk with a Vascular Niche Maintains Quiescence via VEGF and Notch Signaling. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 23:530-543.e9. [PMID: 30290177 PMCID: PMC6178221 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a complex tissue containing tissue resident muscle stem cells (satellite cells) (MuSCs) important for postnatal muscle growth and regeneration. Quantitative analysis of the biological function of MuSCs and the molecular pathways responsible for a potential juxtavascular niche for MuSCs is currently lacking. We utilized fluorescent reporter mice and muscle tissue clearing to investigate the proximity of MuSCs to capillaries in 3 dimensions. We show that MuSCs express abundant VEGFA, which recruits endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro, whereas blocking VEGFA using both a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor and MuSC-specific VEGFA gene deletion reduces the proximity of MuSCs to capillaries. Importantly, this proximity to the blood vessels was associated with MuSC self-renewal in which the EC-derived Notch ligand Dll4 induces quiescence in MuSCs. We hypothesize that MuSCs recruit capillary ECs via VEGFA, and in return, ECs maintain MuSC quiescence though Dll4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Verma
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Yoko Asakura
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bhavani Sai Rohit Murakonda
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thomas Pengo
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Claire Latroche
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Linda K McLoon
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Atsushi Asakura
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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COMP-Angiopoietin-1 accelerates muscle regeneration through N-cadherin activation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12323. [PMID: 30120297 PMCID: PMC6098079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 modulates vascular stability via Tie2 on endothelial cells. In our previous study, we also showed it acts as an inhibitor of cardiomyocyte death. However, it remains poorly understood how Ang1 regulates myogenesis during muscle regeneration. Here we found that COMP-Ang1 (cAng1) enhances muscle regeneration through N-cadherin activation. Muscle fiber regeneration after limb muscle damage by ischemic injury was enhanced with cAng1 treatment. Mechanistically cAng1 directly bound to N-cadherin on the myoblast surface in a Ca2+ dependent manner. The interaction enhanced N-cadherin activation via N-cadherin/p120-catenin complex formation, which in turn activated p38MAPK (but not AKT or ERK) and myogenin expression (but not myoD) as well as increasing myogenin+ cells in/ex vivo. After transplantation of GFP-expressing myoblasts (GFP-MB), we showed an increased generation of GFP+ myotubes with adenovirus cAng1 (Adv-cAng1) injection. Adv-cAng1, however, could not stimulate myotube formation in N-cadherin-depleted GFP-MB. Taken together, this study uncovers the mechanism of how cAng1 promotes myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration through the N-cadherin/p120-catenin/p38MAPK/myogenin axis.
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Wosczyna MN, Rando TA. A Muscle Stem Cell Support Group: Coordinated Cellular Responses in Muscle Regeneration. Dev Cell 2018; 46:135-143. [PMID: 30016618 PMCID: PMC6075730 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has an extraordinary regenerative capacity due to the activity of tissue-specific muscle stem cells. Consequently, these cells have received the most attention in studies investigating the cellular processes of skeletal muscle regeneration. However, efficient capacity to rebuild this tissue also depends on additional cells in the local milieu, as disrupting their normal contributions often leads to incomplete regeneration. Here, we review these additional cells that contribute to the regenerative process. Understanding the complex interactions between and among these cell populations has the potential to lead to therapies that will help promote normal skeletal muscle regeneration under conditions in which this process is suboptimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Wosczyna
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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50
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Abreu P. Bioenergetics mechanisms regulating muscle stem cell self-renewal commitment and function. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:463-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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