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Liu X, Min Q, Cheng X, Zhang W, Wu Q, Chen X, Lv M, Liu S, Zhao H, Yang D, Tai Y, Lei X, Wang Y, Zhan Q. Quiescent cancer cells induced by high-density cultivation reveals cholesterol-mediated survival and lung metastatic traits. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02861-x. [PMID: 39390252 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metastatic cascade, a multifaceted and highly aggressive process, is the primary cause of mortality. The survival of quiescent cancer cells in circulatory system during metastasis is crucial, yet our comprehension is constrained by the absence of universally accepted quiescent cancer models. METHOD We developed a quiescent cancer cell model using high-density cultivation. Based on the scRNA-seq analysis, IP-MS, metabolomics, mouse lung metastasis models, cholesterol assay, PLA and other molecular experiments, we explored the molecular mechanism. Immunofluorescence, atomic force microscope, FluidFM, and shear stress stimulation were used to analyze the cytoskeleton and membrane properties contributing to mechanical force resistance. RESULT We established a quiescent cancer cell model induced by high-density cultivation. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis reveals that CDC25A plays a crucial role in the transition to quiescence, with its expression significantly elevated in the quiescent state. Depletion of CDC25A leads to an increased proliferative capacity, and reduced metastasis under high-density conditions. Mechanistically, upregulated CDC25A in quiescent cells enhances cholesterol metabolism via endosome pathways, leading to cell cycle arrest. This increase in cholesterol reinforces the cytoskeleton, alters membrane properties, and improves resistance to mechanical forces in circulatory system. CONCLUSION CDC25A significantly increased the cholesterol metabolism through endosome pathway in quiescent cancer cells, leading to the significant changes in cytoskeleton and membrane properties so as to enhance the resistance of mechanical force in circulatory system, facilitating lung metastasis. In high-density cultivation, quiescent cancer cells, up-regulate cholesterol metabolism by CDC25A through endosome pathway, enhancing the resistance to mechanical force in circulatory system, facilitating lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Qinjie Min
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Qingnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Mengzhu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Di Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Yidi Tai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 100142, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, 100191, Beijing, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 100191, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Soochow University Cancer Institute, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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Dalla E, Papanicolaou M, Park MD, Barth N, Hou R, Segura-Villalobos D, Valencia Salazar L, Sun D, Forrest ARR, Casanova-Acebes M, Entenberg D, Merad M, Aguirre-Ghiso JA. Lung-resident alveolar macrophages regulate the timing of breast cancer metastasis. Cell 2024:S0092-8674(24)01034-1. [PMID: 39378878 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Breast disseminated cancer cells (DCCs) can remain dormant in the lungs for extended periods, but the mechanisms limiting their expansion are not well understood. Research indicates that tissue-resident alveolar macrophages suppress breast cancer metastasis in lung alveoli by inducing dormancy. Through ligand-receptor mapping and intravital imaging, it was found that alveolar macrophages express transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2. This expression, along with persistent macrophage-cancer cell interactions via the TGF-βRIII receptor, maintains cancer cells in a dormant state. Depleting alveolar macrophages or losing the TGF-β2 receptor in cancer cells triggers metastatic awakening. Aggressive breast cancer cells are either suppressed by alveolar macrophages or evade this suppression by avoiding interaction and downregulating the TGF-β2 receptor. Restoring TGF-βRIII in aggressive cells reinstates TGF-β2-mediated macrophage growth suppression. Thus, alveolar macrophages act as a metastasis immune barrier, and downregulation of TGF-β2 signaling allows cancer cells to overcome macrophage-mediated growth suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Dalla
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Papanicolaou
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Cancer Dormancy Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Matthew D Park
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Barth
- Cancer Dormancy Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rui Hou
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Deisy Segura-Villalobos
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Cancer Dormancy Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Luis Valencia Salazar
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Cancer Dormancy Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Cancer Dormancy Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Alistair R R Forrest
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Maria Casanova-Acebes
- Cancer Immunity Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Entenberg
- Cancer Dormancy Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Cancer Dormancy Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA.
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3
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Zelisko N, Lesyk R, Stoika R. Structure, unique biological properties, and mechanisms of action of transforming growth factor β. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107611. [PMID: 38964148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a ubiquitous molecule that is extremely conserved structurally and plays a systemic role in human organism. TGF-β is a homodimeric molecule consisting of two subunits joined through a disulphide bond. In mammals, three genes code for TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 isoforms of this cytokine with a dominating expression of TGF-β1. Virtually, all normal cells contain TGF-β and its specific receptors. Considering the exceptional role of fine balance played by the TGF-β in anumber of physiological and pathological processes in human body, this cytokine may be proposed for use in medicine as an immunosuppressant in transplantology, wound healing and bone repair. TGFb itself is an important target in oncology. Strategies for blocking members of TGF-β signaling pathway as therapeutic targets have been considered. In this review, signalling mechanisms of TGF-β1 action are addressed, and their role in physiology and pathology with main focus on carcinogenesis are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Zelisko
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
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4
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Weston WA, Holt JA, Wiecek AJ, Pilling J, Schiavone LH, Smith DM, Secrier M, Barr AR. An image-based screen for secreted proteins involved in breast cancer G0 cell cycle arrest. Sci Data 2024; 11:868. [PMID: 39127790 PMCID: PMC11316812 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03697-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Secreted proteins regulate the balance between cellular proliferation and G0 arrest and therefore play important roles in tumour dormancy. Tumour dormancy presents a significant clinical challenge for breast cancer patients, where non-proliferating, G0-arrested cancer cells remain at metastatic sites, below the level of clinical detection, some of which can re-enter proliferation and drive tumour relapse. Knowing which secreted proteins can regulate entry into and exit from G0 allows us to manipulate their signalling to prevent tumour relapse. To identify novel secreted proteins that can promote breast cancer G0 arrest, we performed a secretome-wide, image-based screen for proteins that increase the fraction of cells in G0 arrest. From a secretome library of 1282 purified proteins, we identified 29 candidates that promote G0 arrest in non-transformed and transformed breast epithelial cells. The assay we have developed can be adapted for use in other perturbation screens in other cell types. All datasets have been made available for re-analysis and our candidate proteins are presented for alternative bioinformatic refinement or further experimental follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Weston
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Jordan A Holt
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Anna J Wiecek
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - James Pilling
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | | | - David M Smith
- Emerging Innovation Unit, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Maria Secrier
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexis R Barr
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK.
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5
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Mahmoud A, Ganesh K. Mouse Models of Metastasis and Dormancy. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041386. [PMID: 37696656 PMCID: PMC10925556 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the ultimate and often lethal stage of cancer. Metastasis occurs in three phases that may vary across individuals: First, dissemination from the primary tumor. Second, tumor dormancy at the metastatic site where micrometastatic cancer cells remain quiescent or, in dynamic cycles of proliferation and elimination, remaining clinically undetectable. Finally, cancer cells are able to overcome microenvironmental constraints for outgrowth, or the formation of clinically detectable macrometastases that colonize distant organs and are largely incurable. A variety of approaches have been used to model metastasis to elucidate molecular mechanisms and identify putative therapeutic targets. In particular, metastatic dormancy has been challenging to model in vivo due to the sparse numbers of cancer cells in micrometastasis nodules and the long latency times required for tumor outgrowth. Here, we review state-of-the art genetically engineered mouse, syngeneic, and patient-derived xenograft approaches for modeling metastasis and dormancy. We describe the advantages and limitations of various metastasis models, novel findings enabled by such approaches, and highlight opportunities for future improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mahmoud
- Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Karuna Ganesh
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
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6
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Zou Z, Luo T, Wang X, Wang B, Li Q. Exploring the interplay between triple-negative breast cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment for effective therapeutic strategies. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31278. [PMID: 38807378 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic malignancy with poor treatment outcomes. The interaction between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) plays an important role in the development of TNBC. Owing to their ability of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, BCSCs maintain tumor growth, drive metastatic colonization, and facilitate the development of drug resistance. TME is the main factor regulating the phenotype and metastasis of BCSCs. Immune cells, cancer-related fibroblasts (CAFs), cytokines, mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, and extracellular matrix within the TME form a complex communication network, exert highly selective pressure on the tumor, and provide a conducive environment for the formation of BCSC niches. Tumor growth and metastasis can be controlled by targeting the TME to eliminate BCSC niches or targeting BCSCs to modify the TME. These approaches may improve the treatment outcomes and possess great application potential in clinical settings. In this review, we summarized the relationship between BCSCs and the progression and drug resistance of TNBC, especially focusing on the interaction between BCSCs and TME. In addition, we discussed therapeutic strategies that target the TME to inhibit or eliminate BCSCs, providing valuable insights into the clinical treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoling Zou
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tinglan Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Chongqing Medicine University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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7
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O'Connor KW, Kishimoto K, Kuzma IO, Wagner KP, Selway JS, Roderick JE, Karna KK, Gallagher KM, Hu K, Liu H, Li R, Brehm MA, Zhu LJ, Curtis DJ, Tremblay CS, Kelliher MA. The role of quiescent thymic progenitors in TAL/LMO2-induced T-ALL chemotolerance. Leukemia 2024; 38:951-962. [PMID: 38553571 PMCID: PMC11073972 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Relapse in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) may signify the persistence of leukemia-initiating cells (L-ICs). Ectopic TAL1/LMO expression defines the largest subset of T-ALL, but its role in leukemic transformation and its impact on relapse-driving L-ICs remain poorly understood. In TAL1/LMO mouse models, double negative-3 (DN3; CD4-CD8-CD25+CD44-) thymic progenitors harbored L-ICs. However, only a subset of DN3 leukemic cells exhibited L-IC activity, and studies linking L-ICs and chemotolerance are needed. To investigate L-IC heterogeneity, we used mouse models and applied single-cell RNA-sequencing and nucleosome labeling techniques in vivo. We identified a DN3 subpopulation with a cell cycle-restricted profile and heightened TAL1/LMO2 activity, that expressed genes associated with stemness and quiescence. This dormant DN3 subset progressively expanded throughout leukemogenesis, displaying intrinsic chemotolerance and enrichment in genes linked to minimal residual disease. Examination of TAL/LMO patient samples revealed a similar pattern in CD7+CD1a- thymic progenitors, previously recognized for their L-IC activity, demonstrating cell cycle restriction and chemotolerance. Our findings substantiate the emergence of dormant, chemotolerant L-ICs during leukemogenesis, and demonstrate that Tal1 and Lmo2 cooperate to promote DN3 quiescence during the transformation process. This study provides a deeper understanding of TAL1/LMO-induced T-ALL and its clinical implications in therapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W O'Connor
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Kensei Kishimoto
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Irena O Kuzma
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Kelsey P Wagner
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Jonathan S Selway
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Justine E Roderick
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Keshab K Karna
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Kayleigh M Gallagher
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Michael A Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Lihua Julie Zhu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - David J Curtis
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases (ACBD), Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Cedric S Tremblay
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T5, Canada
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute CCMB, CancerCare Manitoba (CCMB), Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Michelle A Kelliher
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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8
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Terzi EM, Possemato R. Iron, Copper, and Selenium: Cancer's Thing for Redox Bling. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041545. [PMID: 37932129 PMCID: PMC10982729 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cells require micronutrients for numerous basic functions. Among these, iron, copper, and selenium are particularly critical for redox metabolism, and their importance is heightened during oncogene-driven perturbations in cancer. In this review, which particularly focuses on iron, we describe how these micronutrients are carefully chaperoned about the body and made available to tissues, a process that is designed to limit the toxicity of free iron and copper or by-products of selenium metabolism. We delineate perturbations in iron metabolism and iron-dependent proteins that are observed in cancer, and describe the current approaches being used to target iron metabolism and iron-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem M Terzi
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Richard Possemato
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
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9
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Liang X, Zhou J, Li C, Wang H, Wan Y, Ling C, Pu L, Zhang W, Fan M, Hong J, Zhai Z. The roles and mechanisms of TGFB1 in acute myeloid leukemia chemoresistance. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111027. [PMID: 38171389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients usually have very poor prognoses, and drug-resistance is one of the major limiting factors. In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGFB1) in AML drug-resistance. First, TGFB1 levels in serum and bone marrow are higher in R/R patients compared with newly diagnosed patients, this phenomenon could be due to different sources of secreted TGFB1 according to immunohistochemistry of marrow biopsies. Similarly, TGFB1 expression in AML drug-resistant cell lines is higher than that in their parental cell lines, and blocking the TGFB signaling pathway by specific inhibitors decreased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. On the other hand, exogenous TGFB1 can also promote AML parental cells senescence and chemotherapy resistance. Next, we found SOX4 level is upregulated in drug-resistant cells, and parental cells treated with exogenous TGFB1 induced upregulation of SOX4 levels. Interference of SOX4 expression by siRNA diminished the TGFB1-induced sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Finally, we conduct metabolomic analysis and find Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism pathway, and Glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway are decreased after inhibiting TGFB signaling pathway or interfering SOX4 expression. This study concludes that TGFB1 level in R/R AML patients and drug-resistant strains is significantly increased. Blocking the TGFB signaling pathway can enhance the chemosensitivity of drug-resistant cells by suppressing SOX4 expression and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, School of Public Health, Hefei, Anhui, China; School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cong Li
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Wan
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chun Ling
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lianfang Pu
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhang
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengmeng Fan
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jingfang Hong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, School of Public Health, Hefei, Anhui, China; School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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10
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Li Z, Cui Z, Wang X, Lv Y. Knockdown of LRCH4 Remodels Tumor Microenvironment Through Inhibiting YAP and TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1823-1829. [PMID: 38383956 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073267943231101065948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. LRCH4 is the top 1 gene associated with an unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer. METHODS Here, we reported that the knockdown of LRCH4 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in HT29 cells. RESULTS The activity of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP), a transcription factor in the Hppo-YAP signaling pathway, was significantly inhibited by LRCH4-siRNA. LRCH4 knockdown also reversed the EMT and regulated the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, Fibronectin and Collagen IV in HT29 cells. In addition, the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, as the downstream pathway of Yap, was also inhibited by LRCH4 knockdown. CONCLUSION Knockdown of LRCH4 involved in the regulation of ECM and EMT and inhibited YAP and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells. Our study provided a mechanism of LRCH4 on colorectal cancer cells, and a new potential target for clinical tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Li
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhua Cui
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianren Wang
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfeng Lv
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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11
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McWhorter R, Bonavida B. The Role of TAMs in the Regulation of Tumor Cell Resistance to Chemotherapy. Crit Rev Oncog 2024; 29:97-125. [PMID: 38989740 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2024053667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the predominant cell infiltrate in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMs are central to fostering pro-inflammatory conditions, tumor growth, metastasis, and inhibiting therapy responses. Many cancer patients are innately refractory to chemotherapy and or develop resistance following initial treatments. There is a clinical correlation between the level of TAMs in the TME and chemoresistance. Hence, the pivotal role of TAMs in contributing to chemoresistance has garnered significant attention toward targeting TAMs to reverse this resistance. A prerequisite for such an approach requires a thorough understanding of the various underlying mechanisms by which TAMs inhibit response to chemotherapeutic drugs. Such mechanisms include enhancing drug efflux, regulating drug metabolism and detoxification, supporting cancer stem cell (CSCs) resistance, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), inhibiting drug penetration and its metabolism, stimulating angiogenesis, impacting inhibitory STAT3/NF-κB survival pathways, and releasing specific inhibitory cytokines including TGF-β and IL-10. Accordingly, several strategies have been developed to overcome TAM-modulated chemoresistance. These include novel therapies that aim to deplete TAMs, repolarize them toward the anti-tumor M1-like phenotype, or block recruitment of monocytes into the TME. Current results from TAM-targeted treatments have been unimpressive; however, the use of TAM-targeted therapies in combination appears promising These include targeting TAMs with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, chemokine receptor inhibitors, immunotherapy, and loaded nanoparticles. The clinical limitations of these strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Johnson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025-1747, USA
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12
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Vastrad SJ, Ritesh G, V SS, Saraswathy GR, Augustine D, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Halawani IF, Ashi H, Alshahrani M, Hassan RN, Baeshen HA, Saravanan KS, Satish KS, Vutukuru P, Patil S. Panoramic view of key cross-talks underpinning the oral squamous cell carcinoma stemness - unearthing the future opportunities. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1247399. [PMID: 38170015 PMCID: PMC10759990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1247399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical management of oral cancer is often frequented with challenges that arise from relapse, recurrence, invasion and resistance towards the cornerstone chemo and radiation therapies. The recent conceptual advancement in oncology has substantiated the role of cancer stem cells (CSC) as a predominant player of these intricacies. CSC are a sub-group of tumor population with inherent adroitness to self-renew with high plasticity. During tumor evolution, the structural and functional reprogramming persuades the cancer cells to acquire stem-cell like properties, thus presenting them with higher survival abilities and treatment resistance. An appraisal on key features that govern the stemness is of prime importance to confront the current challenges encountered in oral cancer. The nurturing niche of CSC for maintaining its stemness characteristics is thought to be modulated by complex multi-layered components encompassing neoplastic cells, extracellular matrix, acellular components, circulatory vessels, various cascading signaling molecules and stromal cells. This review focuses on recapitulating both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that impart the stemness. There are contemplating evidences that demonstrate the role of transcription factors (TF) in sustaining the neoplastic stem cell's pluripotency and plasticity alongside the miRNA in regulation of crucial genes involved in the transformation of normal oral mucosa to malignancy. This review illustrates the interplay between miRNA and various known TF of oral cancer such as c-Myc, SOX, STAT, NANOG and OCT in orchestrating the stemness and resistance features. Further, the cross-talks involved in tumor micro-environment inclusive of cytokines, macrophages, extra cellular matrix, angiogenesis leading pathways and influential factors of hypoxia on tumorigenesis and CSC survival have been elucidated. Finally, external factorial influence of oral microbiome gained due to the dysbiosis is also emphasized. There are growing confirmations of the possible roles of microbiomes in the progression of oral cancer. Given this, an attempt has been made to explore the potential links including EMT and signaling pathways towards resistance and stemness. This review provides a spectrum of understanding on stemness and progression of oral cancers at various regulatory levels along with their current therapeutic knowledge. These mechanisms could be exploited for future research to expand potential treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soujanya J. Vastrad
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Giri Ritesh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sowmya S. V
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim F. Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Haematology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, AI Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Ashi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshahrani
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Nabil Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences (Genome), Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kshreeraja S. Satish
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pravallika Vutukuru
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
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13
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Wang X, Eichhorn PJA, Thiery JP. TGF-β, EMT, and resistance to anti-cancer treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:1-11. [PMID: 37944215 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling regulates cell-specific programs involved in embryonic development, wound-healing, and immune homeostasis. Yet, during tumor progression, these TGF-β-mediated programs are altered, leading to epithelial cell plasticity and a reprogramming of epithelial cells into mesenchymal lineages through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical developmental program in morphogenesis and organogenesis. These changes, in turn, lead to enhanced carcinoma cell invasion, metastasis, immune cell differentiation, immune evasion, and chemotherapy resistance. Here, we discuss EMT as one of the critical programs associated with carcinoma cell plasticity and the influence exerted by TGF-β on carcinoma status and function. We further explore the composition of carcinoma and other cell populations within the tumor microenvironment, and consider the relevant outcomes related to the programs associated with cancer treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecong Wang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
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14
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Liang X, Li C, Fan M, Zhang W, Liu L, Zhou J, Hu L, Zhai Z. Immune-related lncRNAs pairs prognostic score model for prediction of survival in acute myeloid leukemia patients. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4527-4538. [PMID: 37233879 PMCID: PMC10725353 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common malignant and aggressive hematologic tumors, and risk stratification is indispensable to ensure proper treatment. But immune-related long noncoding RNAs (ir-lncRNAs) pairs prognostic risk models used to stratify AML have yet to be reported. In this study, we established a prognostic risk model based on eight ir-lncRNAs pairs using LASSO-penalized Cox regression analysis and successfully validated the model in an independent cohort. According to risk scores, patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. High-risk patients presented more tumor mutation frequency and higher expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-related genes and immune checkpoint molecules. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicated that the transforming growth factors β (TGFβ) pathway was activated in the high-risk group; meanwhile, we found that TGFβ1 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in AML patients and correlated with poor prognosis, which is closely related to drug resistance. Consistently, in vitro studies found that exogenous TGFβ1 can protect AML cells from chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Collectively, we developed an ir-lncRNA prognostic model that helps predict the prognosis of AML patients and provides valuable information about their response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, and we found that increased TGFβ1 levels resulting in chemoresistance may be one of the leading causes of treatment failure in high-risk AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengmeng Fan
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhang
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linhui Hu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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15
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Weston WA, Barr AR. A cell cycle centric view of tumour dormancy. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1535-1545. [PMID: 37608096 PMCID: PMC10645753 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour dormancy and recurrent metastatic cancer remain the greatest clinical challenge for cancer patients. Dormant tumour cells can evade treatment and detection, while retaining proliferative potential, often for years, before relapsing to tumour outgrowth. Cellular quiescence is one mechanism that promotes and maintains tumour dormancy due to its central role in reducing proliferation, elevating cyto-protective mechanisms, and retaining proliferative potential. Quiescence/proliferation decisions are dictated by intrinsic and extrinsic signals, which regulate the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) to modulate cell cycle gene expression. By clarifying the pathways regulating CDK activity and the signals which activate them, we can better understand how cancer cells enter, maintain, and escape from quiescence throughout the progression of dormancy and metastatic disease. Here we review how CDK activity is regulated to modulate cellular quiescence in the context of tumour dormancy and highlight the therapeutic challenges and opportunities it presents.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Weston
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexis R Barr
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Rd, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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16
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Kalli M, Poskus MD, Stylianopoulos T, Zervantonakis IK. Beyond matrix stiffness: targeting force-induced cancer drug resistance. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:937-954. [PMID: 37558577 PMCID: PMC10592424 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
During tumor progression, mechanical abnormalities in the tumor microenvironment (TME) trigger signaling pathways in cells that activate cellular programs, resulting in tumor growth and drug resistance. In this review, we describe mechanisms of action for anti-cancer therapies and mechanotransduction programs that regulate cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, survival and phenotype switching. We discuss how the therapeutic response is impacted by the three main mechanical TME abnormalities: high extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and stiffness; interstitial fluid pressure (IFP); and elevated mechanical forces. We also review drugs that normalize these abnormalities or block mechanosensors and mechanotransduction pathways. Finally, we discuss current challenges and perspectives for the development of new strategies targeting mechanically induced drug resistance in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalli
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Matthew D Poskus
- Department of Bioengineering and Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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17
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Li YR, Fang Y, Lyu Z, Zhu Y, Yang L. Exploring the dynamic interplay between cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment: implications for novel therapeutic strategies. J Transl Med 2023; 21:686. [PMID: 37784157 PMCID: PMC10546755 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as key contributors to tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. In addition, CSCs play a significant role in inducing immune evasion, thereby compromising the effectiveness of cancer treatments. The reciprocal communication between CSCs and the tumor microenvironment (TME) is observed, with the TME providing a supportive niche for CSC survival and self-renewal, while CSCs, in turn, influence the polarization and persistence of the TME, promoting an immunosuppressive state. Consequently, these interactions hinder the efficacy of current cancer therapies, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches to modulate the TME and target CSCs. In this review, we highlight the intricate strategies employed by CSCs to evade immune surveillance and develop resistance to therapies. Furthermore, we examine the dynamic interplay between CSCs and the TME, shedding light on how this interaction impacts cancer progression. Moreover, we provide an overview of advanced therapeutic strategies that specifically target CSCs and the TME, which hold promise for future clinical and translational studies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ruide Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zibai Lyu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yichen Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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18
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Malik F, Kalkavan H, Wani A. Cancer metastasis: Molecular mechanisms and clinical perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108522. [PMID: 37661054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic progression combined with non-responsiveness towards systemic therapy often shapes the course of disease for cancer patients and commonly determines its lethal outcome. The complex molecular events that promote metastasis are a combination of both, the acquired pro-metastatic properties of cancer cells and a metastasis-permissive or -supportive tumor micro-environment (TME). Yet, dissemination is a challenging process for cancer cells that requires a series of events to enable cancer cell survival and growth. Metastatic cancer cells have to initially detach themselves from primary tumors, overcome the challenges of their intravasal journey and colonize distant sites that are suited for their metastases. The implicated obstacles including anoikis and immune surveillance, can be overcome by intricate intra- and extracellular signaling pathways, which we will summarize and discuss in this review. Further, emerging modulators of metastasis, like the immune-microenvironment, microbiome, sublethal cell death engagement, or the nervous system will be integrated into the existing working model of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Halime Kalkavan
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Abubakar Wani
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
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19
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Han T, Chen T, Chen L, Li K, Xiang D, Dou L, Li H, Gu Y. HLF promotes ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance via regulating Hippo signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:606. [PMID: 37709768 PMCID: PMC10502110 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic leukemia factor (HLF) is aberrantly expressed in human malignancies. However, the role of HLF in the regulation of ovarian cancer (OC) remains unknown. Herein, we reported that HLF expression was upregulated in OC tissues and ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs). Functional studies have revealed that HLF regulates OC cell stemness, proliferation, and metastasis. Mechanistically, HLF transcriptionally activated Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression and subsequently modulated the Hippo signaling pathway. Moreover, we found that miR-520e directly targeted HLF 3'-UTR in OC cells. miR-520e expression was negatively correlated with HLF and YAP1 expression in OC tissues. The combined immunohistochemical (IHC) panels exhibited a better prognostic value for OC patients than any of these components alone. Importantly, the HLF/YAP1 axis determines the response of OC cells to carboplatin treatment and HLF depletion or the YAP1 inhibitor verteporfin abrogated carboplatin resistance. Analysis of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) further suggested that HLF might predict carboplatin benefits in OC patients. In conclusion, these findings suggest a crucial role of the miR-520e/HLF/YAP1 axis in OC progression and chemoresistance, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Tingsong Chen
- Department of Cancer Intervention, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Postgraduate College, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Kerui Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Daimin Xiang
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lei Dou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Hengyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yubei Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Guan W, Yuan J, Li X, Gao X, Wang F, Liu H, Shi J, Xu G. Cyclin dependent kinase 14 as a paclitaxel-resistant marker regulated by the TGF-β signaling pathway in human ovarian cancer. J Cancer 2023; 14:2538-2551. [PMID: 37670966 PMCID: PMC10475357 DOI: 10.7150/jca.86842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinase 14 (CDK14) plays a central role in the control of cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. However, the specific function and regulatory mechanism of CDK14 on paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in ovarian cancer (OC) remain unclear. The present study demonstrated that CDK14 was overexpressed in OC tissues and cells at mRNA and protein levels detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Survival analysis showed that elevated CDK14 was related to the poor prognosis of OC patients. Overexpression of CDK14 was correlated with chemoresistance in OC. The expression level of CDK14 was higher in PTX-resistant OC cells (SK3R-PTX and OV3R-PTX) than in their counterpart-sensitive cells (SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3). Knockdown of CDK14 decreased multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) and β-catenin expression in SK3R-PTX and OV3R-PTX cells and resensitized OC cells to PTX by decreasing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. Administration of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 decreased CDK14 protein in PTX-resistant OC cells. The inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 on CDK14 expression was abolished in the presence of a TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor (SB-431542). Furthermore, TGF-β signal transducer Smad2 protein directly bound to the region -437 to -446 upstream of the CDK14 transcription start site (TSS), resulting in downregulating the expression of CDK14. These data indicate that CDK14 is a PTX-resistant marker and is regulated by the TGF-β signaling pathway. Targeting CDK14 to enhance the sensitivity of PTX may provide a new therapeutic strategy for reversing the PTX resistance in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencai Guan
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jia Yuan
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Li
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuzhu Gao
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Fanchen Wang
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huiqiang Liu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jimin Shi
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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21
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Pérez-González A, Bévant K, Blanpain C. Cancer cell plasticity during tumor progression, metastasis and response to therapy. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:1063-1082. [PMID: 37537300 PMCID: PMC7615147 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00595-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell plasticity represents the ability of cells to be reprogrammed and to change their fate and identity, enabling homeostasis restoration and tissue regeneration following damage. Cell plasticity also contributes to pathological conditions, such as cancer, enabling cells to acquire new phenotypic and functional features by transiting across distinct cell states that contribute to tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Here, we review the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms driving cell plasticity that promote tumor growth and proliferation as well as metastasis and drug tolerance. Finally, we discuss how cell plasticity could be exploited for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pérez-González
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin Bévant
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO, ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium.
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22
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Ohata H, Shiokawa D, Sakai H, Kanda Y, Okimoto Y, Kaneko S, Hamamoto R, Nakagama H, Okamoto K. PROX1 induction by autolysosomal activity stabilizes persister-like state of colon cancer via feedback repression of the NOX1-mTORC1 pathway. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112519. [PMID: 37224811 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemoresistance is often attributed to slow-cycling persister populations with cancer stem cell (CSC)-like features. However, how persister populations emerge and prevail in cancer remains obscure. We previously demonstrated that while the NOX1-mTORC1 pathway is responsible for proliferation of a fast-cycling CSC population, PROX1 expression is required for chemoresistant persisters in colon cancer. Here, we show that enhanced autolysosomal activity mediated by mTORC1 inhibition induces PROX1 expression and that PROX1 induction in turn inhibits NOX1-mTORC1 activation. CDX2, identified as a transcriptional activator of NOX1, mediates PROX1-dependent NOX1 inhibition. PROX1-positive and CDX2-positive cells are present in distinct populations, and mTOR inhibition triggers conversion of the CDX2-positive population to the PROX1-positive population. Inhibition of autophagy synergizes with mTOR inhibition to block cancer proliferation. Thus, mTORC1 inhibition-mediated induction of PROX1 stabilizes a persister-like state with high autolysosomal activity via a feedback regulation that involves a key cascade of proliferating CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Ohata
- Teikyo University, Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Sakai
- Teikyo University, Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kanda
- Teikyo University, Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshie Okimoto
- Teikyo University, Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Syuzo Kaneko
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | | | - Koji Okamoto
- Teikyo University, Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan.
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23
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Akhmetkaliyev A, Alibrahim N, Shafiee D, Tulchinsky E. EMT/MET plasticity in cancer and Go-or-Grow decisions in quiescence: the two sides of the same coin? Mol Cancer 2023; 22:90. [PMID: 37259089 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) are genetic determinants of cellular plasticity. These programs operate in physiological (embryonic development, wound healing) and pathological (organ fibrosis, cancer) conditions. In cancer, EMT and MET interfere with various signalling pathways at different levels. This results in gross alterations in the gene expression programs, which affect most, if not all hallmarks of cancer, such as response to proliferative and death-inducing signals, tumorigenicity, and cell stemness. EMT in cancer cells involves large scale reorganisation of the cytoskeleton, loss of epithelial integrity, and gain of mesenchymal traits, such as mesenchymal type of cell migration. In this regard, EMT/MET plasticity is highly relevant to the Go-or-Grow concept, which postulates the dichotomous relationship between cell motility and proliferation. The Go-or-Grow decisions are critically important in the processes in which EMT/MET plasticity takes the central stage, mobilisation of stem cells during wound healing, cancer relapse, and metastasis. Here we outline the maintenance of quiescence in stem cell and metastatic niches, focusing on the implication of EMT/MET regulatory networks in Go-or-Grow switches. In particular, we discuss the analogy between cells residing in hybrid quasi-mesenchymal states and GAlert, an intermediate phase allowing quiescent stem cells to enter the cell cycle rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azamat Akhmetkaliyev
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, 020000, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Darya Shafiee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, 020000, Kazakhstan
| | - Eugene Tulchinsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, 020000, Kazakhstan.
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
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24
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Wang Y, Yu Y, Yang W, Wu L, Yang Y, Lu Q, Zhou J. SETD4 Confers Cancer Stem Cell Chemoresistance in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Patients via the Epigenetic Regulation of Cellular Quiescence. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7367854. [PMID: 37274024 PMCID: PMC10239305 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7367854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that quiescent cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a root cause of chemoresistance. SET domain-containing protein 4 (SETD4) epigenetically regulates cell quiescence in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), and SETD4-positive BCSCs are chemoradioresistant. However, the role of SETD4 in chemoresistance, tumor progression, and prognosis in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is unclear. Here, SETD4-positive cells were identified as quiescent lung cancer stem cells (qLCSCs) since they expressed high levels of ALDH1 and CD133 and low levels of Ki67. SETD4 expression was significantly higher in advanced-stage NSCLC tissues than in early-stage NSCLC tissues and significantly higher in samples from the chemoresistant group than in those from the chemosensitive group. Patients with high SETD4 expression had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) times than those with low SETD4 expression. SETD4 facilitated heterochromatin formation via H4K20me3, thereby leading to cell quiescence. RNA-seq analysis showed upregulation of genes involved in cell proliferation, glucose metabolism, and PI3K-AKT signaling in activated qLCSCs (A-qLCSCs) compared with qLCSCs. In addition, SETD4 overexpression facilitated PTEN-mediated inhibition of the PI3K-mTOR pathway. In summary, SETD4 confers chemoresistance, tumor progression, and a poor prognosis by regulating CSCs in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuman Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Weijun Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linying Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yaoshun Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qianyun Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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25
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Deng J, Wang Q, Xu H, Li G, Liu S, Chen Y, Yu F, Yan W, Zeng H, Liu P. A Systematic Study of Anti-Osteosarcoma Mechanism of pH-Sensitive Charge-Conversion Cinnamaldehyde Polymeric Prodrug Micelles In Vitro. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1524. [PMID: 37371619 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant neoplasm, and it is of great significance to the fabrication and investigation of the anti-tumor mechanism of nanomedicine in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Herein, a cinnamaldehyde polymeric prodrug micelle with pH-sensitive charge-conversion ability (mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA)) was fabricated, and the anti-osteosarcoma mechanism of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelle was investigated. mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles were prepared by self-assembly method, and their diameter was 227 nm. mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles could regulate the cell cycle and inhibit the proliferation of 143B cells, which was demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis, CCK-8 assay and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining. The wound-healing assay and transwell assay showed that mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles effectively inhibited the migration and invasion of 143B cells. It was proven that mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles downregulated the levels of proliferation and apoptosis-related proteins and affected osteosarcoma migration and invasion by inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles can also inhibit the transcriptional activity of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, these findings provide new evidence for the pharmacological effects of mPEG-b-P(C7-co-CA) micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Deng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Qichang Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Su Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Yixiao Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Fei Yu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Weiqiang Yan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Peng Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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26
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Wiecek AJ, Cutty SJ, Kornai D, Parreno-Centeno M, Gourmet LE, Tagliazucchi GM, Jacobson DH, Zhang P, Xiong L, Bond GL, Barr AR, Secrier M. Genomic hallmarks and therapeutic implications of G0 cell cycle arrest in cancer. Genome Biol 2023; 24:128. [PMID: 37221612 PMCID: PMC10204193 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapy resistance in cancer is often driven by a subpopulation of cells that are temporarily arrested in a non-proliferative G0 state, which is difficult to capture and whose mutational drivers remain largely unknown. RESULTS We develop methodology to robustly identify this state from transcriptomic signals and characterise its prevalence and genomic constraints in solid primary tumours. We show that G0 arrest preferentially emerges in the context of more stable, less mutated genomes which maintain TP53 integrity and lack the hallmarks of DNA damage repair deficiency, while presenting increased APOBEC mutagenesis. We employ machine learning to uncover novel genomic dependencies of this process and validate the role of the centrosomal gene CEP89 as a modulator of proliferation and G0 arrest capacity. Lastly, we demonstrate that G0 arrest underlies unfavourable responses to various therapies exploiting cell cycle, kinase signalling and epigenetic mechanisms in single-cell data. CONCLUSIONS We propose a G0 arrest transcriptional signature that is linked with therapeutic resistance and can be used to further study and clinically track this state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. Wiecek
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen J. Cutty
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Kornai
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mario Parreno-Centeno
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lucie E. Gourmet
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Daniel H. Jacobson
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ping Zhang
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lingyun Xiong
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gareth L. Bond
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alexis R. Barr
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Cell Cycle Control Team, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
| | - Maria Secrier
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
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27
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Cole AJ, Panesso-Gómez S, Shah JS, Ebai T, Jiang Q, Gumusoglu-Acar E, Bello MG, Vlad A, Modugno F, Edwards RP, Buckanovich RJ. Quiescent Ovarian Cancer Cells Secrete Follistatin to Induce Chemotherapy Resistance in Surrounding Cells in Response to Chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:1969-1983. [PMID: 36795892 PMCID: PMC10192102 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We recently reported that the transcription factor NFATC4, in response to chemotherapy, drives cellular quiescence to increase ovarian cancer chemoresistance. The goal of this work was to better understand the mechanisms of NFATC4-driven ovarian cancer chemoresistance. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used RNA sequencing to identify NFATC4-mediated differential gene expression. CRISPR-Cas9 and FST (follistatin)-neutralizing antibodies were used to assess impact of loss of FST function on cell proliferation and chemoresistance. ELISA was used to quantify FST induction in patient samples and in vitro in response to chemotherapy. RESULTS We found that NFATC4 upregulates FST mRNA and protein expression predominantly in quiescent cells and FST is further upregulated following chemotherapy treatment. FST acts in at least a paracrine manner to induce a p-ATF2-dependent quiescent phenotype and chemoresistance in non-quiescent cells. Consistent with this, CRISPR knockout (KO) of FST in ovarian cancer cells or antibody-mediated neutralization of FST sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapy treatment. Similarly, CRISPR KO of FST in tumors increased chemotherapy-mediated tumor eradication in an otherwise chemotherapy-resistant tumor model. Suggesting a role for FST in chemoresistance in patients, FST protein in the abdominal fluid of patients with ovarian cancer significantly increases within 24 hours of chemotherapy exposure. FST levels decline to baseline levels in patients no longer receiving chemotherapy with no evidence of disease. Furthermore, elevated FST expression in patient tumors is correlated with poor progression-free, post-progression-free, and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS FST is a novel therapeutic target to improve ovarian cancer response to chemotherapy and potentially reduce recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Cole
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Santiago Panesso-Gómez
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jaynish S. Shah
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University and Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tonge Ebai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ece Gumusoglu-Acar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maya G. Bello
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anda Vlad
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert P. Edwards
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald J. Buckanovich
- Department of Internal Medicine and Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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28
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Liu X, Peng S, Tang G, Xu G, Xie Y, Shen D, Zhu M, Huang Y, Wang X, Yu H, Huang M, Luo Y. Fasting-mimicking diet synergizes with ferroptosis against quiescent, chemotherapy-resistant cells. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104496. [PMID: 36863257 PMCID: PMC9996234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than ten randomized clinical trials are being tested to evaluate the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) combined with different antitumor agents. METHODS UMI-mRNA sequencing, Cell-cycle analysis, Label retention, metabolomics, Multilabeling et al. were used to explore mechanisms. A tandem mRFP-GFP-tagged LC3B, Annexin-V-FITC Apoptosis, TUNEL, H&E, Ki-67 and animal model was used to search for synergistic drugs. FINDINGS Here we showed that fasting or FMD retards tumor growth more effectively but does not increase 5-fluorouracil/oxaliplatin (5-FU/OXA) sensitivity to apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that CRC cells would switch from an active proliferative to a slow-cycling state during fasting. Furthermore, metabolomics shows cell proliferation was decreased to survive nutrient stress in vivo, as evidenced by a low level of adenosine and deoxyadenosine monophosphate. CRC cells would decrease proliferation to achieve increased survival and relapse after chemotherapy. In addition, these fasting-induced quiescent cells were more prone to develop drug-tolerant persister (DTP) tumor cells postulated to be responsible for cancer relapse and metastasis. Then, UMI-mRNA sequencing uncovered the ferroptosis pathway as the pathway most influenced by fasting. Combining fasting with ferroptosis inducer treatment leads to tumor inhibition and eradication of quiescent cells by boosting autophagy. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that ferroptosis could improve the antitumor activity of FMD + chemotherapy and highlight a potential therapeutic opportunity to avoid DTP cells-driven tumor relapse and therapy failure. FUNDING A full list of funding bodies can be found in the Acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China.
| | - Shaoyong Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guannan Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Gaopo Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Yumo Xie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Dingcheng Shen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Mingxuan Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Yaoyi Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Huichuan Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Meijin Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanxin Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China.
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29
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Filla MS, Faralli JA, Dunn CR, Khan H, Peters DM. NFATc1 Regulation of Dexamethasone-Induced TGFB2 Expression Is Cell Cycle Dependent in Trabecular Meshwork Cells. Cells 2023; 12:504. [PMID: 36766846 PMCID: PMC9914240 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although elevated TGFβ2 levels appear to be a causative factor in glaucoma pathogenesis, little is known about how TGFβ2 expression is regulated in the trabecular meshwork (TM). Here, we investigated if activation of the cytokine regulator NFATc1 controlled transcription of TGFβ2 in human TM cells by using dexamethasone (DEX) to induce NFATc1 activity. The study used both proliferating and cell cycle arrested quiescent cells. Cell cycle arrest was achieved by either cell-cell contact inhibition or serum starvation. β-catenin staining and p21 and Ki-67 nuclear labeling were used to verify the formation of cell-cell contacts and activity of the cell cycle. NFATc1 inhibitors cyclosporine A (CsA) or 11R-VIVIT were used to determine the role of NFATc1. mRNA levels were determined by RT-qPCR. DEX increased TGFβ2 mRNA expression by 3.5-fold in proliferating cells but not in quiescent cells or serum-starved cells, and both CsA and 11R-VIVIT inhibited this increase. In contrast, the expression of other DEX/NFATc1-induced mRNAs (myocilin and β3 integrin) occurred regardless of the proliferative state of the cells. These studies show that NAFTc1 regulates TGFβ2 transcription in TM cells and reveals a previously unknown connection between the TM cell cycle and modulation of gene expression by NFATc1 and/or DEX in TM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Filla
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Faralli
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Caleigh R. Dunn
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Haania Khan
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Donna M. Peters
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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30
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Wood CR, Wu WT, Yang YS, Yang JS, Xi Y, Yang WJ. From ecology to oncology: To understand cancer stem cell dormancy, ask a Brine shrimp (Artemia). Adv Cancer Res 2023; 158:199-231. [PMID: 36990533 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The brine shrimp (Artemia), releases embryos that can remain dormant for up to a decade. Molecular and cellular level controlling factors of dormancy in Artemia are now being recognized or applied as active controllers of dormancy (quiescence) in cancers. Most notably, the epigenetic regulation by SET domain-containing protein 4 (SETD4), is revealed as highly conserved and the primary control factor governing the maintenance of cellular dormancy from Artemia embryonic cells to cancer stem cells (CSCs). Conversely, DEK, has recently emerged as the primary factor in the control of dormancy exit/reactivation, in both cases. The latter has been now successfully applied to the reactivation of quiescent CSCs, negating their resistance to therapy and leading to their subsequent destruction in mouse models of breast cancer, without recurrence or metastasis potential. In this review, we introduce the many mechanisms of dormancy from Artemia ecology that have been translated into cancer biology, and herald Artemia's arrival on the model organism stage. We show how Artemia studies have unlocked the mechanisms of the maintenance and termination of cellular dormancy. We then discuss how the antagonistic balance of SETD4 and DEK fundamentally controls chromatin structure and consequently governs CSCs function, chemo/radiotherapy resistance, and dormancy in cancers. Many key stages from transcription factors to small RNAs, tRNA trafficking, molecular chaperones, ion channels, and links with various pathways and aspects of signaling are also noted, all of which link studies in Artemia to those of cancer on a molecular and/or cellular level. We particularly emphasize that the application of such emerging factors as SETD4 and DEK may open new and clear avenues for the treatment for various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Wood
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wen-Tao Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao-Shun Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-Shu Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongmei Xi
- The Women's Hospital, and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Jun Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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31
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Vegliante R, Pastushenko I, Blanpain C. Deciphering functional tumor states at single-cell resolution. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109221. [PMID: 34918370 PMCID: PMC8762559 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Within a tumor, cancer cells exist in different states that are associated with distinct tumor functions, including proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to anti-cancer therapy. The identification of the gene regulatory networks underpinning each state is essential for better understanding functional tumor heterogeneity and revealing tumor vulnerabilities. Here, we review the different studies identifying tumor states by single-cell sequencing approaches and the mechanisms that promote and sustain these functional states and regulate their transitions. We also describe how different tumor states are spatially distributed and interact with the specific stromal cells that compose the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we discuss how the understanding of tumor plasticity and transition states can be used to develop new strategies to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Vegliante
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and CancerUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Cédric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and CancerUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- WELBIOUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
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32
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Ervin EH, French R, Chang CH, Pauklin S. Inside the stemness engine: Mechanistic links between deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:48-83. [PMID: 36347438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cell identity is largely determined by its transcriptional profile. In tumour, deregulation of transcription factor expression and/or activity enables cancer cell to acquire a stem-like state characterised by capacity to self-renew, differentiate and form tumours in vivo. These stem-like cancer cells are highly metastatic and therapy resistant, thus warranting a more complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms downstream of the transcription factors that mediate the establishment of stemness state. Here, we review recent research findings that provide a mechanistic link between the commonly deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. In particular, we describe the role of master transcription factors (SOX, OCT4, NANOG, KLF, BRACHYURY, SALL, HOX, FOX and RUNX), signalling-regulated transcription factors (SMAD, β-catenin, YAP, TAZ, AP-1, NOTCH, STAT, GLI, ETS and NF-κB) and unclassified transcription factors (c-MYC, HIF, EMT transcription factors and P53) across diverse tumour types, thereby yielding a comprehensive overview identifying shared downstream targets, highlighting unique mechanisms and discussing complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle-Helene Ervin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Rhiannon French
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Chao-Hui Chang
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
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33
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Mayani H, Chávez-González A, Vázquez-Santillan K, Contreras J, Guzman ML. Cancer Stem Cells: Biology and Therapeutic Implications. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:770-784. [PMID: 36462951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
It is well recognized that most cancers derive and progress from transformation and clonal expansion of a single cell that possesses stem cell properties, i.e., self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities. Such cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually present at very low frequencies and possess properties that make them key players in tumor development. Indeed, besides having the ability to initiate tumor growth, CSCs drive tumor progression and metastatic dissemination, are resistant to most cancer drugs, and are responsible for cancer relapse. All of these features make CSCs attractive targets for the development of more effective oncologic treatments. In the present review article, we have summarized recent advances in the biology of CSCs, including their identification through their immunophenotype, and their physiology, both in vivo and in vitro. We have also analyzed some molecular markers that might become targets for developing new therapies aiming at hampering CSCs regeneration and cancer relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Mayani
- Unidad de Investigaci..n en Enfermedades Oncol..gicas, Hospital de Oncolog.ía, Centro M..dico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de M..xico, M..xico.
| | - Antonieta Chávez-González
- Unidad de Investigaci..n en Enfermedades Oncol..gicas, Hospital de Oncolog.ía, Centro M..dico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de M..xico, M..xico
| | | | - Jorge Contreras
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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34
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Manni W, Min W. Signaling pathways in the regulation of cancer stem cells and associated targeted therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e176. [PMID: 36226253 PMCID: PMC9534377 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subpopulation of malignant tumor cells with selective capacities for tumor initiation, self-renewal, metastasis, and unlimited growth into bulks, which are believed as a major cause of progressive tumor phenotypes, including recurrence, metastasis, and treatment failure. A number of signaling pathways are involved in the maintenance of stem cell properties and survival of CSCs, including well-established intrinsic pathways, such as the Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog signaling, and extrinsic pathways, such as the vascular microenvironment and tumor-associated immune cells. There is also intricate crosstalk between these signal cascades and other oncogenic pathways. Thus, targeting pathway molecules that regulate CSCs provides a new option for the treatment of therapy-resistant or -refractory tumors. These treatments include small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies that target key signaling in CSCs, as well as CSC-directed immunotherapies that harness the immune systems to target CSCs. This review aims to provide an overview of the regulating networks and their immune interactions involved in CSC development. We also address the update on the development of CSC-directed therapeutics, with a special focus on those with application approval or under clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Manni
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduP. R. China
| | - Wu Min
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksNorth DakotaUSA
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35
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Cerro PA, Mascaraque M, Gallego-Rentero M, Almenara-Blasco M, Nicolás-Morala J, Santiago JL, González S, Gracia-Cazaña T, Juarranz Á, Gilaberte Y. Tumor microenvironment in non-melanoma skin cancer resistance to photodynamic therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:970279. [PMID: 36338755 PMCID: PMC9634550 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.970279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer has recently seen an increase in prevalence, and it is estimated that this grow will continue in the coming years. In this sense, the importance of therapy effectiveness has increased, especially photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy has attracted much attention as a minimally invasive, selective and repeatable approach for skin cancer treatment and prevention. Although its high efficiency, this strategy has also faced problems related to tumor resistance, where the tumor microenvironment has gained a well-deserved role in recent years. Tumor microenvironment denotes a wide variety of elements, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells or the extracellular matrix, where their interaction and the secretion of a wide diversity of cytokines. Therefore, the need of designing new strategies targeting elements of the tumor microenvironment to overcome the observed resistance has become evident. To this end, in this review we focus on the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages in the resistance to photodynamic therapy. We are also exploring new approaches consisting in the combination of new and old drugs targeting these cells with photodynamic therapy to enhance treatment outcomes of non-melanoma skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina A. Cerro
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
| | - Marta Mascaraque
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experminetal Dermatology and Skin Biology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gallego-Rentero
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experminetal Dermatology and Skin Biology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Almenara-Blasco
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
| | - Jimena Nicolás-Morala
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experminetal Dermatology and Skin Biology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Santiago
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Salvador González
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Gracia-Cazaña
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
| | - Ángeles Juarranz
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experminetal Dermatology and Skin Biology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ángeles Juarranz, ; Yolanda Gilaberte,
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ángeles Juarranz, ; Yolanda Gilaberte,
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36
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Lee JH, Massagué J. TGF-β in Developmental and Fibrogenic EMTs. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:136-145. [PMID: 36183999 PMCID: PMC10155902 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β plays a prominent role as an inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) during development and wound healing and in disease conditions such as fibrosis and cancer. During these processes EMT occurs together with changes in cell proliferation, differentiation, communication, and extracellular matrix remodeling that are orchestrated by multiple signaling inputs besides TGF-β. Chief among these inputs is RAS-MAPK signaling, which is frequently required for EMT induction by TGF-β. Recent work elucidated the molecular basis for the cooperation between the TGF-β-SMAD and RAS-MAPK pathways in the induction of EMT in embryonic, adult and carcinoma epithelial cells. These studies also provided direct mechanistic links between EMT and progenitor cell differentiation during gastrulation or intra-tumoral fibrosis during cancer metastasis. These insights illuminate the nature of TGF-β driven EMTs as part of broader processes during development, fibrogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Lee
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joan Massagué
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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37
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Takahashi K, Podyma-Inoue KA, Saito M, Sakakitani S, Sugauchi A, Iida K, Iwabuchi S, Koinuma D, Kurioka K, Konishi T, Tanaka S, Kaida A, Miura M, Hashimoto S, Okada M, Uchihashi T, Miyazono K, Watabe T. TGF-β generates a population of cancer cells residing in G1 phase with high motility and metastatic potential via KRTAP2-3. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111411. [PMID: 36170816 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) increases epithelial cancer cell migration and metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). TGF-β also inhibits cell proliferation by inducing G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. However, the correlation between these tumor-promoting and -suppressing effects remains unclear. Here, we show that TGF-β confers higher motility and metastatic ability to oral cancer cells in G1 phase. Mechanistically, keratin-associated protein 2-3 (KRTAP2-3) is a regulator of these dual effects of TGF-β, and its expression is correlated with tumor progression in patients with head and neck cancer and migratory and metastatic potentials of oral cancer cells. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that TGF-β generates two populations of mesenchymal cancer cells with differential cell-cycle status through two distinctive EMT pathways mediated by Slug/HMGA2 and KRTAP2-3. Thus, TGF-β-induced KRTAP2-3 orchestrates cancer cell proliferation and migration by inducing EMT, suggesting motile cancer cells arrested in G1 phase as a target to suppress metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Katarzyna A Podyma-Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Maki Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shintaro Sakakitani
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Akinari Sugauchi
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keita Iida
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Iwabuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Daizo Koinuma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kurioka
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toru Konishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaida
- Department of Oral Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Masahiko Miura
- Department of Oral Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Mariko Okada
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Uchihashi
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Unit of Dentistry, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
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38
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Kim LM, Kim PY, Gebreyohannes YK, Leung CT. Sustained Oncogenic Signaling in the Cytostatic State Enables Targeting of Nonproliferating Persistent Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3045-3057. [PMID: 35792658 PMCID: PMC9444958 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many advanced therapeutics possess cytostatic properties that suppress cancer cell growth without directly inducing death. Treatment-induced cytostatic cancer cells can persist and constitute a reservoir from which recurrent growth and resistant clones can develop. Current management approaches primarily comprise maintenance and monitoring because strategies for targeting nonproliferating cancer cells have been elusive. Here, we used targeted therapy paradigms and engineered cytostatic states to explore therapeutic opportunities for depleting treatment-mediated cytostatic cancer cells. Sustained oncogenic AKT signaling was common, while nonessential, in treatment-mediated cytostatic cancer cells harboring PI3K-pathway mutations, which are associated with cancer recurrence. Engineering oncogenic signals in quiescent mammary organotypic models showed that sustained, aberrant activation of AKT sensitized cytostatic epithelial cells to proteasome inhibition. Mechanistically, sustained AKT signaling altered cytostatic state homeostasis and promoted an oxidative and proteotoxic environment, which imposed an increased proteasome dependency for maintaining cell viability. Under cytostatic conditions, inhibition of the proteasome selectively induced apoptosis in the population with aberrant AKT activation compared with normal cells. Therapeutically exploiting this AKT-driven proteasome vulnerability was effective in depleting treatment-mediated cytostatic cancer cells independent of breast cancer subtype, epithelial origin, and cytostatic agent. Moreover, transient targeting during cytostatic treatment conditions was sufficient to reduce recurrent tumor growth in spheroid and mouse models. This work identified an AKT-driven proteasome-vulnerability that enables depletion of persistent cytostatic cancer cells harboring PTEN-PI3K pathway mutations, revealing a viable strategy for targeting nonproliferating persistent cancer cell populations before drug resistance emerges. SIGNIFICANCE This study finds that sustained oncogenic signaling in therapy-induced cytostatic cancer cells confers targetable vulnerabilities to deplete persistent cancer cell populations and reduce cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cheuk T. Leung
- Corresponding author: Cheuk T. Leung, Address: 321 Church Street SE, 6-120 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA, , Phone: 612-626-5309
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39
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Ortmayr K, Zampieri M. Sorting-free metabolic profiling uncovers the vulnerability of fatty acid β-oxidation in in vitro quiescence models. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e10716. [PMID: 36094015 PMCID: PMC9465820 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescent cancer cells are rare nondiving cells with the unique ability to evade chemotherapies and resume cell division after treatment. Despite the associated risk of cancer recurrence, how cells can reversibly switch between rapid proliferation and quiescence remains a long-standing open question. By developing a unique methodology for the cell sorting-free separation of metabolic profiles in cell subpopulations in vitro, we unraveled metabolic characteristics of quiescent cells that are largely invariant to basal differences in cell types and quiescence-inducing stimuli. Consistent with our metabolome-based analysis, we show that impairing mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) can induce apoptosis in quiescence-induced cells and hamper their return to proliferation. Our findings suggest that in addition to mediating energy and redox balance, FAO can play a role in preventing the buildup of toxic intermediates during transitioning to quiescence. Uncovering metabolic strategies to enter, maintain, and exit quiescence can reveal fundamental principles in cell plasticity and new potential therapeutic targets beyond cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ortmayr
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETHZürichSwitzerland
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Mattia Zampieri
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETHZürichSwitzerland
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40
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Wei Y, Chen Q, Huang S, Liu Y, Li Y, Xing Y, Shi D, Xu W, Liu W, Ji Z, Wu B, Chen X, Jiang J. The Interaction between DNMT1 and High-Mannose CD133 Maintains the Slow-Cycling State and Tumorigenic Potential of Glioma Stem Cell. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202216. [PMID: 35798319 PMCID: PMC9475542 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The quiescent/slow-cycling state preserves the self-renewal capacity of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and leads to the therapy resistance of CSCs. The mechanisms maintaining CSCs quiescence remain largely unknown. Here, it is demonstrated that lower expression of MAN1A1 in glioma stem cell (GSC) resulted in the formation of high-mannose type N-glycan on CD133. Furthermore, the high-mannose type N-glycan of CD133 is necessary for its interaction with DNMT1. Activation of p21 and p27 by the CD133-DNMT1 interaction maintains the slow-cycling state of GSC, and promotes chemotherapy resistance and tumorigenesis of GSCs. Elimination of the CD133-DNMT1 interaction by a cell-penetrating peptide or MAN1A1 overexpression inhibits the tumorigenesis of GSCs and increases the sensitivity of GSCs to temozolomide. Analysis of glioma samples reveals that the levels of high-mannose type N-glycan are correlated with glioma recurrence. Collectively, the high mannose CD133-DNMT1 interaction maintains the slow-cycling state and tumorigenic potential of GSC, providing a potential strategy to eliminate quiescent GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Qihang Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Sijing Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandong250021P. R. China
| | - Yinan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Yang Xing
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Danfang Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Division of NeurosurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Weitao Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Zhi Ji
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Bingrui Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jianhai Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
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Wang D, Li Y, Ge H, Ghadban T, Reeh M, Güngör C. The Extracellular Matrix: A Key Accomplice of Cancer Stem Cell Migration, Metastasis Formation, and Drug Resistance in PDAC. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163998. [PMID: 36010993 PMCID: PMC9406497 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is rich in dense fibrotic stroma that are composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. A disruption of the balance between ECM synthesis and secretion and the altered expression of matrix remodeling enzymes lead to abnormal ECM dynamics in PDAC. This pathological ECM promotes cancer growth, survival, invasion, and alters the behavior of fibroblasts and immune cells leading to metastasis formation and chemotherapy resistance, which contribute to the high lethality of PDAC. Additionally, recent evidence highlights that ECM, as a major structural component of the tumor microenvironment, is a highly dynamic structure in which ECM proteins establish a physical and biochemical niche for cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are characterized by self-renewal, tumor initiation, and resistance to chemotherapeutics. In this review, we will discuss the effects of the ECM on tumor biological behavior and its molecular impact on the fundamental signaling pathways in PDAC. We will also provide an overview of how the different ECM components are able to modulate CSCs properties and finally discuss the current and ongoing therapeutic strategies targeting the ECM. Given the many challenges facing current targeted therapies for PDAC, a better understanding of molecular events involving the interplay of ECM and CSC will be key in identifying more effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate CSCs and ultimately to improve survival in patients that are suffering from this deadly disease.
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Tomasin R, Bruni-Cardoso A. The role of cellular quiescence in cancer - beyond a quiet passenger. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:276213. [PMID: 35929545 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescence, the ability to temporarily halt proliferation, is a conserved process that initially allowed survival of unicellular organisms during inhospitable times and later contributed to the rise of multicellular organisms, becoming key for cell differentiation, size control and tissue homeostasis. In this Review, we explore the concept of cancer as a disease that involves abnormal regulation of cellular quiescence at every step, from malignant transformation to metastatic outgrowth. Indeed, disrupted quiescence regulation can be linked to each of the so-called 'hallmarks of cancer'. As we argue here, quiescence induction contributes to immune evasion and resistance against cell death. In contrast, loss of quiescence underlies sustained proliferative signalling, evasion of growth suppressors, pro-tumorigenic inflammation, angiogenesis and genomic instability. Finally, both acquisition and loss of quiescence are involved in replicative immortality, metastasis and deregulated cellular energetics. We believe that a viewpoint that considers quiescence abnormalities that occur during oncogenesis might change the way we ask fundamental questions and the experimental approaches we take, potentially contributing to novel discoveries that might help to alter the course of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeka Tomasin
- e-signal Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ave Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- e-signal Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ave Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
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Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells Using Naturally Occurring Phytoestrogens. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126813. [PMID: 35743256 PMCID: PMC9224163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer therapies have made significant strides in improving survival for patients over the past decades. However, recurrence and drug resistance continue to challenge long-term recurrence-free and overall survival rates. Mounting evidence supports the cancer stem cell model in which the existence of a small population of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) within the tumor enables these cells to evade conventional therapies and repopulate the tumor, giving rise to more aggressive, recurrent tumors. Thus, successful breast cancer therapy would need to target these BCSCs, as well the tumor bulk cells. Since the Women’s Health Initiative study reported an increased risk of breast cancer with the use of conventional hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women, many have turned their attention to phytoestrogens as a natural alternative. Phytoestrogens are plant compounds that share structural similarities with human estrogens and can bind to the estrogen receptors to alter the endocrine responses. Recent studies have found that phytoestrogens can also target BCSCs and have the potential to complement conventional therapy eradicating BCSCs. This review summarized the latest findings of different phytoestrogens and their effect on BCSCs, along with their mechanisms of action, including selective estrogen receptor binding and inhibition of molecular pathways used by BCSCs. The latest results of phytoestrogens in clinical trials are also discussed to further evaluate the use of phytoestrogen in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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Yang C, Mai Z, Liu C, Yin S, Cai Y, Xia C. Natural Products in Preventing Tumor Drug Resistance and Related Signaling Pathways. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113513. [PMID: 35684449 PMCID: PMC9181879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is still an obstacle in cancer therapy, leading to the failure of tumor treatment. The emergence of tumor drug resistance has always been a main concern of oncologists. Therefore, overcoming tumor drug resistance and looking for new strategies for tumor treatment is a major focus in the field of tumor research. Natural products serve as effective substances against drug resistance because of their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological effects. We reviewed the signaling pathways involved in the development of tumor drug resistance, including Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Renin-angiotensin system (Ras), Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Wnt, Notch, Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and their specific signaling pathway inhibitors derived from natural products. This can provide new ideas for the prevention of drug resistance in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Yang
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People’s Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan 512027, China;
| | - Zhikai Mai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Can Liu
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuanghong Yin
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yantao Cai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (C.X.)
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (C.X.)
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45
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p53 wild-type colorectal cancer cells that express a fetal gene signature are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2866. [PMID: 35606354 PMCID: PMC9126967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current therapy against colorectal cancer (CRC) is based on DNA-damaging agents that remain ineffective in a proportion of patients. Whether and how non-curative DNA damage-based treatment affects tumor cell behavior and patient outcome is primarily unstudied. Using CRC patient-derived organoids (PDO)s, we show that sublethal doses of chemotherapy (CT) does not select previously resistant tumor populations but induces a quiescent state specifically to TP53 wildtype (WT) cancer cells, which is linked to the acquisition of a YAP1-dependent fetal phenotype. Cells displaying this phenotype exhibit high tumor-initiating and metastatic activity. Nuclear YAP1 and fetal traits are present in a proportion of tumors at diagnosis and predict poor prognosis in patients carrying TP53 WT CRC tumors. We provide data indicating the higher efficacy of CT together with YAP1 inhibitors for eradication of therapy resistant TP53 WT cancer cells. Together these results identify fetal conversion as a useful biomarker for patient prognosis and therapy prescription. The failure of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer is currently unclear. Here, the authors show that upon sub-lethal dose of chemotherapy wild-type p53 colorectal cancers acquire a quiescence-like phenotype and a YAP-dependent fetal-like intestinal stem cell state associated with a higher metastatic activity and poor prognosis in patients.
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Yan X, He Y, Yang S, Zeng T, Hua Y, Bao S, Yang F, Duan N, Sun C, Liang Y, Fu Z, Huang X, Li W, Yin Y. A positive feedback loop: RAD18-YAP-TGF-β between triple-negative breast cancer and macrophages regulates cancer stemness and progression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:196. [PMID: 35413945 PMCID: PMC9005530 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00968-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As a key regulator of the DNA translesion synthesis (TLS) pathway, RAD18 is error-prone and contributes to the accumulation of DNA mutations. Our previous study showed that it plays an essential role in the progression of multiple tumors. However, the mechanism through which RAD18 influences triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, remains elusive. In this study, we showed that RAD18 expression is markedly higher in patients with high T stage TNBC and inversely correlated with prognosis. High expression of RAD18 facilitated a highly stem-cell phenotype through the Hippo/YAP pathway, which supports the proliferation of TNBC. In addition, the cytokine byproduct TGF-β activates macrophages to have an M2-like tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) phenotype. Reciprocally, TGF-β from TAMs activated RAD18 in TNBC to enhance tumor stemness, forming a positive feedback loop. Inhibition of YAP or TGF-β breaks this loop and suppresses cancer stemness and proliferation In nude mice, RAD18 promoted subcutaneous transplanted tumor growth and M2-type TAM recruitment. Collectively, the RAD18-YAP-TGF-β loop is essential for the promotion of the stemness phenotype by TNBC and could be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Yan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaozhou He
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyu Zeng
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijia Hua
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Bao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningjun Duan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunxiao Sun
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
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Wu G, Li Y. TGF-β induced reprogramming and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:23. [PMID: 35395809 PMCID: PMC8994282 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of drug resistance remains to be a major cause of therapeutic failure in breast cancer patients. How drug-sensitive cells first evade drug inhibition to proliferate remains to be fully investigated. METHODS Here we characterized the early transcriptional evolution in response to TGF-β in the human triple-negative breast cells through bioinformatical analysis using a published RNA-seq dataset, for which MCF10A cells were treated with 5 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, and the RNA-seq were performed in biological duplicates. The protein-protein interaction networks of the differentially expressed genes were constructed. KEGG enrichment analysis, cis-regulatory sequence analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis were also performed to analyze the cellular reprograming induced by TGF-β and its contribution to the survival probability decline of breast cancer patients. RESULT Transcriptomic analysis revealed that cell growth was severely suppressed by TGF-β in the first 24 h but this anti-proliferate impact attenuated between 48 h and 72 h. The oncogenic actions of TGF-β happened within the same time frame with its anti-proliferative effects. In addition, sustained high expression of several drug resistance markers was observed after TGF-β treatment. We also identified 17 TGF-β induced genes that were highly correlated with the survival probability decline of breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION Together, TGF-β plays an important role in tumorigenesis and the development of drug resistance, which implies potential therapeutic strategies targeting the early-stage TGF-β signaling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Wu
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuchao Li
- MegaLab, MegaRobo Technologies Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
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48
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Xiao JF, Kua LF, Ding LW, Sun QY, Myint KN, Chia XR, Venkatachalam N, Loh X, Duex JE, Neang V, Zhou S, Li Y, Yang H, Koeffler HP, Theodorescu D. KDM6A Depletion in Breast Epithelial Cells Leads to Reduced Sensitivity to Anticancer Agents and Increased TGFβ Activity. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:637-649. [PMID: 35022315 PMCID: PMC10030164 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
KDM6A, an X chromosome-linked histone lysine demethylase, was reported to be frequently mutated in many tumor types including breast and bladder cancer. However, the functional role of KDM6A is not fully understood. Using MCF10A as a model of non-tumorigenic epithelial breast cells, we found that silencing KDM6A promoted cell migration and transformation demonstrated by the formation of tumor-like acini in three-dimensional culture. KDM6A loss reduced the sensitivity of MCF10A cells to therapeutic agents commonly used to treat patients with triple-negative breast cancer and also induced TGFβ extracellular secretion leading to suppressed expression of cytotoxic genes in normal human CD8+ T cells in vitro. Interestingly, when cells were treated with TGFβ, de novo synthesis of KDM6A protein was suppressed while TGFB1 transcription was enhanced, indicating a TGFβ/KDM6A-negative regulatory axis. Furthermore, both KDM6A deficiency and TGFβ treatment promoted disorganized acinar structures in three-dimensional culture, as well as transcriptional profiles associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, suggesting KDM6A depletion and TGFβ drive tumor progression. IMPLICATIONS Our study provides the preclinical rationale for evaluating KDM6A and TGFβ in breast tumor samples as predictors for response to chemo and immunotherapy, informing personalized therapy based on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fen Xiao
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding authors: Dan Theodorescu, Address: 8700 Beverly Blvd, NT-Plaza Level 2429C, Los Angeles, CA 90048; , Phone: +1(310)-423-8431; Jin-Fen Xiao, Address: Davis Research Building RM3057, 110 N George Burns Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90048; ; Phone: 1(310)423-1326
| | - Ley-Fang Kua
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling-Wen Ding
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiao-Yang Sun
- Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Khine Nyein Myint
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiu-Rong Chia
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Xinyi Loh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason E. Duex
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Neang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Siqin Zhou
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Li
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - H. Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding authors: Dan Theodorescu, Address: 8700 Beverly Blvd, NT-Plaza Level 2429C, Los Angeles, CA 90048; , Phone: +1(310)-423-8431; Jin-Fen Xiao, Address: Davis Research Building RM3057, 110 N George Burns Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90048; ; Phone: 1(310)423-1326
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Wu G, Xiu H, Luo H, Ding Y, Li Y. A mathematical model for cell cycle control: graded response or quantized response. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:820-834. [PMID: 35107036 PMCID: PMC8973363 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2031770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle is an important and complex biological system. A lot of efforts have been put in understanding cell cycle arrest for its vital role in clinical therapies. The cell-cycle-arrest outcomes upon stimulation are complicated. The response could be stringent or relaxed, and graded or quantized. A model fully addressing various cell-cycle-arrest outcomes is to be developed. Here, we developed a mathematical model of cell cycle control incorporating distinct characteristics of various cell-cycle-arrest outcomes. The model can simulate two typical properties of cell cycle arrest, quantized and graded. We also characterized the inheritable quiescence and refractory state, which were crucial in long-term response of the population. Then, we monitored cells respond to multiple stimulations, and the results indicated that cells responded to stimulations with small interval did not induce significantly sustained cell cycle arrest as the existence of refractory state. Our work will benefit fundamental research and make efforts to predicting outcomes of clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Wu
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- CONTACT Guoyu Wu
| | - Huiyu Xiu
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiying Luo
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- MegaLab, MegaRobo Technologies Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
- Yuchao Li
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Involvement of Cancer Stem Cells in Chemoresistant Relapse of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Identified by Transcriptome Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6406122. [PMID: 35401749 PMCID: PMC8991408 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6406122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Despite the initial resection and chemotherapeutic treatment, relapse is common, which leads to poor survival rates in patients. A primary cause of recurrence is the persistence of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) with high tumorigenicity and chemoresistance. To achieve a better therapeutic response in EOC relapse, the mechanisms underlying acquired chemoresistance associated with relapse-initiating OCSCs need to be studied. Transcriptomes of both chemosensitive primary and chemoresistant relapse EOC samples were obtained from ICGC OV-AU dataset for differential expression analysis. The upregulated genes were further studied using KEGG and GO analysis. Significantly increased expression of eighteen CSC-related genes was found in chemoresistant relapse EOC groups. Upregulation of the expression in four hub genes including WNT3A, SMAD3, KLF4, and PAX6 was verified in chemoresistant relapse samples via immunohistochemistry staining, which confirmed the existence and enrichment of OCSCs in chemoresistant relapse EOC. KEGG and GO enrichment analysis in microarray expression datasets of isolated OCSCs indicated that quiescent state, increased ability of drug efflux, and enhanced response to DNA damage may have caused the chemoresistance in relapse EOC patients. These findings demonstrated a correlation between OCSCs and acquired chemoresistance and illustrated potential underlying mechanisms of OCSC-initiated relapse in EOC patients. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes in OCSCs may serve as novel preventive or therapeutic targets against EOC recurrence in the future.
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