1
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Hou L, Yuki K. CD11a regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1219953. [PMID: 37781399 PMCID: PMC10537941 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin αLβ2 (CD11a/CD18, CD11a) is a critical leukocyte adhesion molecule in leukocyte arrest and immunological synapse formation. However, its role in the bone marrow has not been investigated in depth. Here we showed that CD11a was expressed on all subsets of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPSCs). CD11a deficiency enhanced HSPCs activity under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation as demonstrated by a higher HSPC cell count along with an increase in cell proliferation. However, our mixed chimera experiment did not support that this phenotype was driven in a cell-intrinsic manner. Rather we found that the production of IL-27, a major cytokine that drives HSPC proliferation, was significantly upregulated both in vivo and in vitro. This adds a novel role of CD11a biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Koichi Yuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, United States
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2
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Krenn PW, Montanez E, Costell M, Fässler R. Integrins, anchors and signal transducers of hematopoietic stem cells during development and in adulthood. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 149:203-261. [PMID: 35606057 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the apex of the hierarchically organized blood cell production system, are generated in the yolk sac, aorta-gonad-mesonephros region and placenta of the developing embryo. To maintain life-long hematopoiesis, HSCs emigrate from their site of origin and seed in distinct microenvironments, called niches, of fetal liver and bone marrow where they receive supportive signals for self-renewal, expansion and production of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), which in turn orchestrate the production of the hematopoietic effector cells. The interactions of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with niche components are to a large part mediated by the integrin superfamily of adhesion molecules. Here, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the functional properties of integrins and their activators, Talin-1 and Kindlin-3, for HSPC generation, function and fate decisions during development and in adulthood. In addition, we discuss integrin-mediated mechanosensing for HSC-niche interactions, ex vivo protocols aimed at expanding HSCs for therapeutic use, and recent approaches targeting the integrin-mediated adhesion in leukemia-inducing HSCs in their protecting, malignant niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Krenn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Eloi Montanez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Costell
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain; Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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3
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Hadland B, Varnum-Finney B, Dozono S, Dignum T, Nourigat-McKay C, Heck AM, Ishida T, Jackson DL, Itkin T, Butler JM, Rafii S, Trapnell C, Bernstein ID. Engineering a niche supporting hematopoietic stem cell development using integrated single-cell transcriptomics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1584. [PMID: 35332125 PMCID: PMC8948249 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from hemogenic endothelium within embryonic arterial vessels such as the aorta of the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (AGM). To identify the signals responsible for HSC formation, here we use single cell RNA-sequencing to simultaneously analyze the transcriptional profiles of AGM-derived cells transitioning from hemogenic endothelium to HSCs, and AGM-derived endothelial cells which provide signals sufficient to support HSC maturation and self-renewal. Pseudotemporal ordering reveals dynamics of gene expression during the hemogenic endothelium to HSC transition, identifying surface receptors specifically expressed on developing HSCs. Transcriptional profiling of niche endothelial cells identifies corresponding ligands, including those signaling to Notch receptors, VLA-4 integrin, and CXCR4, which, when integrated in an engineered platform, are sufficient to support the generation of engrafting HSCs. These studies provide a transcriptional map of the signaling interactions necessary for the development of HSCs and advance the goal of engineering HSCs for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| | - Barbara Varnum-Finney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Stacey Dozono
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Tessa Dignum
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia Nourigat-McKay
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Dana L Jackson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Tomer Itkin
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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4
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Karimzadeh A, Varady ES, Scarfone VM, Chao C, Grathwohl K, Nguyen PU, Ghorbanian Y, Weissman IL, Serwold T, Inlay MA. Absence of CD11a Expression Identifies Embryonic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Precursors via Competitive Neonatal Transplantation Assay. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:734176. [PMID: 34513848 PMCID: PMC8425522 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.734176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are defined by their self-renewal, multipotency, and bone marrow (BM) engraftment abilities. How HSCs emerge during embryonic development remains unclear, but are thought to arise from hemogenic endothelium through an intermediate precursor called "pre-HSCs." Pre-HSCs have self-renewal and multipotent activity, but lack BM engraftability. They can be identified functionally by transplantation into neonatal recipients, or by in vitro co-culture with cytokines and stroma followed by transplantation into adult recipients. While pre-HSCs express markers such as Kit and CD144, a precise surface marker identity for pre-HSCs has remained elusive due to the fluctuating expression of common HSC markers during embryonic development. We have previously determined that the lack of CD11a expression distinguishes HSCs in adults as well as multipotent progenitors in the embryo. Here, we use a neonatal transplantation assay to identify pre-HSC populations in the mouse embryo. We establish CD11a as a critical marker for the identification and enrichment of pre-HSCs in day 10.5 and 11.5 mouse embryos. Our proposed pre-HSC population, termed "11a- eKLS" (CD11a- Ter119- CD43+ Kit+ Sca1+ CD144+), contains all in vivo long-term engrafting embryonic progenitors. This population also displays a cell-cycle status expected of embryonic HSC precursors. Furthermore, we identify the neonatal liver as the likely source of signals that can mature pre-HSCs into BM-engraftable HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alborz Karimzadeh
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Erika S Varady
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Vanessa M Scarfone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Connie Chao
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Karin Grathwohl
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Pauline U Nguyen
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yasamine Ghorbanian
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Ludwig Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Thomas Serwold
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew A Inlay
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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5
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Diaphanous-related formin mDia2 regulates beta2 integrins to control hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell engraftment. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3172. [PMID: 32576838 PMCID: PMC7311390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow engraftment of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) involves homing to the vasculatures and lodgment to their niches. How HSPCs transmigrate from the vasculature to the niches is unclear. Here, we show that loss of diaphanous-related formin mDia2 leads to impaired engraftment of long-term hematopoietic stem cells and loss of competitive HSPC repopulation. These defects are likely due to the compromised trans-endothelial migration of HSPCs since their homing to the bone marrow vasculatures remained intact. Mechanistically, loss of mDia2 disrupts HSPC polarization and induced cytoplasmic accumulation of MAL, which deregulates the activity of serum response factor (SRF). We further reveal that beta2 integrins are transcriptional targets of SRF. Knockout of beta2 integrins in HSPCs phenocopies mDia2 deficient mice. Overexpression of SRF or beta2 integrins rescues HSPC engraftment defects associated with mDia2 deficiency. Our findings show that mDia2-SRF-beta2 integrin signaling is critical for HSPC lodgment to the niches. Bone marrow engraftment of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) requires homing and lodgement to the niche. Here, the authors show that mDia2 is required for HSPC polarization, nuclear MAL, and SRF-induced beta2 integrin expression during transendothelial migration of HSPCs required for engraftment.
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6
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Lee BJ, Mace EM. From stem cell to immune effector: how adhesion, migration, and polarity shape T-cell and natural killer cell lymphocyte development in vitro and in vivo. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:981-991. [PMID: 32352896 PMCID: PMC7346728 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte development is a complex and coordinated pathway originating from pluripotent stem cells during embryogenesis and continuing even as matured lymphocytes are primed and educated in adult tissue. Hematopoietic stem cells develop in a specialized niche that includes extracellular matrix and supporting stromal and endothelial cells that both maintain stem cell pluripotency and enable the generation of differentiated cells. Cues for lymphocyte development include changes in integrin-dependent cell motility and adhesion which ultimately help to determine cell fate. The capacity of lymphocytes to adhere and migrate is important for modulating these developmental signals both by regulating the cues that the cell receives from the local microenvironment as well as facilitating the localization of precursors to tissue niches throughout the body. Here we consider how changing migratory and adhesive phenotypes contribute to human natural killer (NK)- and T-cell development as they undergo development from precursors to mature, circulating cells and how our understanding of this process is informed by in vitro models of T- and NK cell generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barclay J. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Emily M. Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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7
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Mesa-Núñez C, Leon-Rico D, Aldea M, Damián C, Sanchez-Baltasar R, Sanchez R, Alberquilla O, Segovia JC, Bueren JA, Almarza E. The downregulated membrane expression of CD18 in CD34 + cells defines a primitive population of human hematopoietic stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:164. [PMID: 32345365 PMCID: PMC7189462 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD18 is the common beta subunit of β2 integrins, which are expressed on hematopoietic cells. β2 integrins are essential for cell adhesion and leukocyte trafficking. Methods Here we have analyzed the expression of CD18 in different subsets of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from cord blood (CB), bone marrow (BM), and mobilized peripheral blood (mPB) samples. CD34+ cells were classified into CD18high and CD18low/neg, and each of these populations was analyzed for the expression of HSPC markers, as well as for their clonogenity, quiescence state, and repopulating ability in immunodeficient mice. Results A downregulated membrane expression of CD18 was associated with a primitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) phenotype, as well as with a higher content of quiescent cells and multipotent colony-forming cells (CFCs). Although no differences in the short-term repopulating potential of CD18low/neg CD34+ and CD18high CD34+ cells were observed, CD18low/neg CD34+ cells were characterized by an enhanced long-term repopulating ability in NSG mice. Conclusions Overall, our results indicate that the downregulated membrane expression of CD18 characterizes a primitive population of human hematopoietic repopulating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mesa-Núñez
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Leon-Rico
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Aldea
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Damián
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Baltasar
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sanchez
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Omaira Alberquilla
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Segovia
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Bueren
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Almarza
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS- FJD, UAM), Av. de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Short C, Lim HK, Tan J, O'Neill HC. Targeting the Spleen as an Alternative Site for Hematopoiesis. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1800234. [PMID: 30970171 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow is the main site for hematopoiesis in adults. It acts as a niche for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and contains non-hematopoietic cells that contribute to stem cell dormancy, quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation. HSC also exist in resting spleen of several species, although their contribution to hematopoiesis under steady-state conditions is unknown. The spleen can however undergo extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) triggered by physiological stress or disease. With the loss of bone marrow niches in aging and disease, the spleen as an alternative tissue site for hematopoiesis is an important consideration for future therapy, particularly during HSC transplantation. In terms of harnessing the spleen as a site for hematopoiesis, here the remarkable regenerative capacity of the spleen is considered with a view to forming additional or ectopic spleen tissue through cell engraftment. Studies in mice indicate the potential for such grafts to support the influx of hematopoietic cells leading to the development of normal spleen architecture. An important goal will be the formation of functional ectopic spleen tissue as an aid to hematopoietic recovery following clinical treatments that impact bone marrow. For example, expansion or replacement of niches could be considered where myeloablation ahead of HSC transplantation compromises treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Short
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4229, Australia
| | - Hong K Lim
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4229, Australia
| | - Jonathan Tan
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4229, Australia
| | - Helen C O'Neill
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4229, Australia
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9
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Shukla AK, McIntyre LL, Marsh SE, Schneider CA, Hoover EM, Walsh CM, Lodoen MB, Blurton-Jones M, Inlay MA. CD11a expression distinguishes infiltrating myeloid cells from plaque-associated microglia in Alzheimer's disease. Glia 2018; 67:844-856. [PMID: 30588668 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of age-related neurodegeneration and is characterized neuropathologically by the accumulation of insoluble beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. In AD brains, plaque-associated myeloid (PAM) cells cluster around Aβ plaques but fail to effectively clear Aβ by phagocytosis. PAM cells were originally thought to be brain-resident microglia. However, several studies have also suggested that Aβ-induced inflammation causes peripheral monocytes to enter the otherwise immune-privileged brain. The relationship between AD progression and inflammation in the brain remains ambiguous because microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages are extremely difficult to distinguish from one another in an inflamed brain. Whether PAM cells are microglia, peripheral macrophages, or a mixture of both remains unclear. CD11a is a component of the β2 integrin LFA1. We have determined that CD11a is highly expressed on peripheral immune cells, including macrophages, but is not expressed by mouse microglia. These expression patterns remain consistent in LPS-treated inflamed mice, as well as in two mouse models of AD. Thus, CD11a can be used as a marker to distinguish murine microglia from infiltrating peripheral immune cells. Using CD11a, we show that PAM cells in AD transgenic brains are comprised entirely of microglia. We also demonstrate a novel fluorescence-assisted quantification technique (FAQT), which reveals a significant increase in T lymphocytes, especially in the brains of female AD mice. Our findings support the notion that microglia are the lead myeloid players in AD and that rejuvenating their phagocytic potential may be an important therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita K Shukla
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Laura L McIntyre
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Samuel E Marsh
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Christine A Schneider
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Evelyn M Hoover
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Craig M Walsh
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Melissa B Lodoen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Matthew A Inlay
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
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10
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The transcription factor Zfp90 regulates the self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:677. [PMID: 29880802 PMCID: PMC5992204 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can give rise to all blood cells that are essential to defend against pathogen invasion. The defective capability of HSC self-renewal is linked to many serious diseases, such as anemia. However, the potential mechanism regulating HSC self-renewal has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. In this study, we showed that Zfp90 was highly expressed in HSCs. Zfp90 deficiency in the hematopoietic system caused impaired HSPC pools and led to HSC dysfunction. We showed that Zfp90 deletion inhibited HSC proliferation, while HSC apoptosis was not affected. Regarding the mechanism of this effect on HSC proliferation, we found that Zfp90 interacted with Snf2l, a subunit of the NURF complex, to regulate Hoxa9 expression. Ectopic expression of Hoxa9 rescued the HSC repopulation capacity in Zfp90-deficient mice, which indicates that Hoxa9 is the downstream effector of Zfp90. In summary, our findings identify Zfp90 as a key transcription factor in determining the fate of HSCs.
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11
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Karimzadeh A, Scarfone VM, Varady E, Chao C, Grathwohl K, Fathman JW, Fruman DA, Serwold T, Inlay MA. The CD11a and Endothelial Protein C Receptor Marker Combination Simplifies and Improves the Purification of Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018. [PMID: 29543389 PMCID: PMC5980368 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the self‐renewing multipotent progenitors to all blood cell types. Identification and isolation of HSCs for study has depended on the expression of combinations of surface markers on HSCs that reliably distinguish them from other cell types. However, the increasing number of markers required to isolate HSCs has made it tedious, expensive, and difficult for newcomers, suggesting the need for a simpler panel of HSC markers. We previously showed that phenotypic HSCs could be separated based on expression of CD11a and that only the CD11a negative fraction contained true HSCs. Here, we show that CD11a and another HSC marker, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), can be used to effectively identify and purify HSCs. We introduce a new two‐color HSC sorting method that can highly enrich for HSCs with efficiencies comparable to the gold standard combination of CD150 and CD48. Our results demonstrate that adding CD11a and EPCR to the HSC biologist's toolkit improves the purity of and simplifies isolation of HSCs. stemcellstranslationalmedicine2018;7:468–476
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Affiliation(s)
- Alborz Karimzadeh
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vanessa M Scarfone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Erika Varady
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Connie Chao
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Karin Grathwohl
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - John W Fathman
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - David A Fruman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Thomas Serwold
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew A Inlay
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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12
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Levesque JP, Winkler IG. Cell Adhesion Molecules in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis: from Bench to Bedside. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-016-0066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Chen JY, Miyanishi M, Wang SK, Yamazaki S, Sinha R, Kao KS, Seita J, Sahoo D, Nakauchi H, Weissman IL. Hoxb5 marks long-term haematopoietic stem cells and reveals a homogenous perivascular niche. Nature 2016; 530:223-7. [PMID: 26863982 PMCID: PMC4854608 DOI: 10.1038/nature16943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is arguably the most extensively characterized tissue stem cell. Since its identification by prospective isolation1, complex multi-parameter flow cytometric isolation of phenotypic subsets has facilitated studies on many aspects of HSC biology including, self-renewal2–4, differentiation, aging, niche5, and diversity6–8. Here we demonstrate by unbiased multi-step screening, identification of a single gene, Hoxb5 (homeobox B5 also known as Hox-2.1), whose expression in the bone marrow (BM) is limited to the long-term HSC (LT-HSC) in mice. Utilizing a single-color tri-mCherry reporter mouse driven by endogenous Hoxb5 regulation, only the Hoxb5-positive HSCs exhibit long-term reconstitution capacity after transplantation in primary transplant recipients, and critically, in secondary recipients. Only 7–35% of various previously defined immunophenotypic HSCs are LT-HSCs. Finally, by in situ imaging of mouse BM, we show that >94% of LT-HSC (Hoxb5+) are directly attached to VE-cadherin-positive cells, implicating a perivascular space as a near homogenous localization of the LT-HSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Y Chen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Masanori Miyanishi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Sean K Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Kevin S Kao
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jun Seita
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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14
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McCracken MN, George BM, Kao KS, Marjon KD, Raveh T, Weissman IL. Normal and Neoplastic Stem Cells. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2016; 81:1-9. [PMID: 28416577 PMCID: PMC5766001 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2016.81.030965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A stem cell is broadly defined as a cell that retains the capacity to self-renew, a feature that confers the ability to continuously make identical daughter cells or additional cells that will differentiate into downstream progeny. This highly regulated genetic program to retain "stemness" is under active investigation. Research in our laboratory has explored similarities and differences in embryonic, tissue-specific, and neoplastic stem cells and their terminally differentiated counterparts. In this review, we will focus on the contributions of our laboratory, in particular on the studies that identified the mouse hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) and the human leukemic stem cell. These studies have led to significant improvements in both preclinical and clinical research, including improved clinical bone marrow transplantation protocols, isolation of nonleukemic HSCs, a cancer immunotherapy currently in clinical trials, and development of a HSC reporter mouse. These studies and the current follow-up research by us and others will continue to identify the properties, function, and regulation of both normal and neoplastic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N McCracken
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Benson M George
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Kevin S Kao
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Kristopher D Marjon
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Tal Raveh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California 94305
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15
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López-Ruano G, Prieto-Bermejo R, Ramos TL, San-Segundo L, Sánchez-Abarca LI, Sánchez-Guijo F, Pérez-Simón JA, Sánchez-Yagüe J, Llanillo M, Hernández-Hernández Á. PTPN13 and β-Catenin Regulate the Quiescence of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Interaction with the Bone Marrow Niche. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 5:516-31. [PMID: 26344907 PMCID: PMC4624939 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) depends on the integration of the multiple signals received from the bone marrow niche. We show the relevance of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 and β-catenin as intracellular signaling molecules to control HSCs adhesiveness, cell cycling, and quiescence. Lethally irradiated mice transplanted with Lin– bone marrow cells in which PTPN13 or β-catenin had been silenced showed a significant increase of long-term (LT) and short-term (ST) HSCs. A decrease in cycling cells was also found, together with an increase in quiescence. The decreased expression of PTPN13 or β-catenin was linked to the upregulation of several genes coding for integrins and several cadherins, explaining the higher cell adhesiveness. Our data are consistent with the notion that the levels of PTPN13 and β-catenin must be strictly regulated by extracellular signaling to regulate HSC attachment to the niche and the balance between proliferation and quiescence. PTPN13 or β-catenin silencing increases LT-HSCs and ST-HSCs frequency in vivo The cell cycling of HSPCs was decreased by PTPN13 or β-catenin downregulation LT-HSCs and ST-HSCs quiescence was increased by PTPN13 or β-catenin downregulation PTPN13 and β-catenin levels modulate the interaction of HSPCs with the BM niche
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Ruano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Teresa L Ramos
- IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Laura San-Segundo
- IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Luis Ignacio Sánchez-Abarca
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Fermín Sánchez-Guijo
- IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pérez-Simón
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Jesús Sánchez-Yagüe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Marcial Llanillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Ángel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
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