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Peng L, Pan B, Zhang X, Wang Z, Qiu J, Wang X, Tang N. Lipopolysaccharide facilitates immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via m6A modification of lncRNA MIR155HG to upregulate PD-L1 expression. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 38:1159-1173. [PMID: 35438468 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are closely associated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of intestinal bacteria. However, the role of LPS in immune regulation of HCC remains largely unknown. An orthotopic Hepa1-6 tumor model of HCC was constructed to analyze the effect of LPS on the expression of immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 and PD-L1. Then we verified the regulation of PD-L1 by LPS in HCC cells. Based on the previous finding that lncRNA MIR155HG regulates PD-L1 expression in HCC cells, we analyzed the relationship of LPS signaling pathway molecules with PD-L1 and MIR155HG by bioinformatics. The molecular mechanism of MIR155HG regulating PD-L1 expression induced by LPS was investigated by RNA pull-down followed by mass spectrometry, RNA immunoprecipitation, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the HepG2 xenograft model was established to determine the role of MIR155HG on PD-L1 expression in vivo. We showed that LPS induced PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in mouse tumor tissues and induced PD-L1 expression in HCC cells. Mechanistically, upregulation of METTL14 by LPS promotes the m6A methylation of MIR155HG, which stabilizes MIR155HG relying on the "reader" protein ELAVL1 (also known as HuR)-dependent pathway. Moreover, MIR155HG functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to modulate the expression of PD-L1 by miR-223/STAT1 axis. Our results suggested that LPS plays a critical role in immune escape of HCC through METTL14/MIR155HG/PD-L1 axis. This study provides a new insight for understanding the complex immune microenvironment of HCC. 1. LPS plays a critical role in immune escape of HCC, especially HCC with cirrhosis. 2. Our study reveals that LPS regulates PD-L1 by m6A modification of lncRNA in HCC. 3. MIR155HG plays an important role in LPS induced PD-L1 expression. 4. LPS-MIR155HG-PD-L1 regulatory axis provides a new target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Banglun Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Zengbin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jiacheng Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Nanhong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China. .,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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Peláez R, Ochoa R, Pariente A, Villanueva-Martínez Á, Pérez-Sala Á, Larráyoz IM. Sterculic Acid Alters Adhesion Molecules Expression and Extracellular Matrix Compounds to Regulate Migration of Lung Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174370. [PMID: 34503180 PMCID: PMC8431022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterculic acid (SA) is a cyclopropenoid fatty acid isolated from Sterculia foetida seeds. This molecule is a well-known inhibitor of SCD1 enzyme, also known as ∆9-desaturase, which main function is related to lipid metabolism. However, recent studies have demonstrated that it also modifies many other pathways and the underlying gene expression. SCD overexpression, or up-regulated activity, has been associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in many cancer types. Scd1 down-regulation, with different inhibitors or molecular strategies, reduces tumor cell survival and cell proliferation, as well as the chemoresistance associated with cancer stem cell presence. However, SA effects over cancer cell migration and extracellular matrix or adhesion molecules have not been described in cancer cells up to now. We used different migration assays and qPCR gene expression analysis to evaluate the effects of SA treatment in cancer cells. The results reveal that SA induces tumoral cell death at high doses, but we also observed that lower SA-treatments induce cell adhesion-migration capacity reduction as a result of modifications in the expression of genes related to integrins and extracellular matrix compounds. Overall, the functional and transcriptomic findings suggest that SA could represent a new inhibitor activity of epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Peláez
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (I.M.L.); Tel.: +34-941-278-770 ((ext. 84866) (R.P.) & (ext. 89878) (I.M.L.))
| | | | | | | | | | - Ignacio M. Larráyoz
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (I.M.L.); Tel.: +34-941-278-770 ((ext. 84866) (R.P.) & (ext. 89878) (I.M.L.))
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Acharya P, Chouhan K, Weiskirchen S, Weiskirchen R. Cellular Mechanisms of Liver Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:671640. [PMID: 34025430 PMCID: PMC8134740 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.671640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is a central organ in the human body, coordinating several key metabolic roles. The structure of the liver which consists of the distinctive arrangement of hepatocytes, hepatic sinusoids, the hepatic artery, portal vein and the central vein, is critical for its function. Due to its unique position in the human body, the liver interacts with components of circulation targeted for the rest of the body and in the process, it is exposed to a vast array of external agents such as dietary metabolites and compounds absorbed through the intestine, including alcohol and drugs, as well as pathogens. Some of these agents may result in injury to the cellular components of liver leading to the activation of the natural wound healing response of the body or fibrogenesis. Long-term injury to liver cells and consistent activation of the fibrogenic response can lead to liver fibrosis such as that seen in chronic alcoholics or clinically obese individuals. Unidentified fibrosis can evolve into more severe consequences over a period of time such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is well recognized now that in addition to external agents, genetic predisposition also plays a role in the development of liver fibrosis. An improved understanding of the cellular pathways of fibrosis can illuminate our understanding of this process, and uncover potential therapeutic targets. Here we summarized recent aspects in the understanding of relevant pathways, cellular and molecular drivers of hepatic fibrosis and discuss how this knowledge impact the therapy of respective disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragyan Acharya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Komal Chouhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sabine Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Tao YC, Chen EQ. Clinical application of stem cell in patients with end-stage liver disease: progress and challenges. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:564. [PMID: 32775365 PMCID: PMC7347777 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
End-stage liver disease (ESLD) is life-threatening disease worldwide, and patients with ESLD should be referred to liver transplantation (LT). However, the use of LT is limited by the lacking liver source, high cost and organ rejection. Thus, other alternative options have been explored. Stem cell therapy may be a potential alternative for ESLD treatment. With the potential of self-renewal and differentiation, both hepatic and extrahepatic stem cells have attracted a lot of attention. Among them, multipotent stem cells are most widely studies owing to their characteristics. Multipotent stem cells mainly consist of two subpopulations: hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Accumulating evidences have proved that either bone marrow (BM)-derived HSCs mobilized by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or MSCs transplantation can improve the biochemical indicators of patients with ESLD. However, there are some challenges to be resolved before stem cells widely used in clinic, including the best stem cell source, the optimal route for stem cells transplantation, and the dose and frequency of stem cell injected. The purpose of this review is to discuss the potential of stem cell in liver diseases, particularly, the clinical progress and challenges of multipotent stem cells in the field of ESLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chao Tao
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - En-Qiang Chen
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Origin and role of hepatic myofibroblasts in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1186-1201. [PMID: 32284794 PMCID: PMC7138168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Fibrosis and cirrhosis are important risk factors for the development of HCC. Hepatic myofibroblasts are the cells responsible for extracellular matrix deposition, which is the hallmark of liver fibrosis. It is believed that myofibroblasts are predominantly derived from hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), also known as Ito cells. Nevertheless, depending on the nature of insult to the liver, it is thought that myofibroblasts may also originate from a variety of other cell types such as the portal fibroblasts (PFs), fibrocytes, hepatocytes, hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs), and mesothelial cells. Liver myofibroblasts are believed to transform into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) while HCC is developing. There is substantial evidence suggesting that activated HSCs (aHSCs)/cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may play an important role in HCC initiation and progression. In this paper, we aim to review current literature on cellular origins of myofibroblasts with a focus on hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced hepatic fibrosis. We also address the role of aHSCs/CAFs in HCC progression through the regulation of immune cells as well as mechanisms of evolvement of drug resistance.
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Fibrosis and cirrhosis are important risk factors for the development of HCC. Hepatic myofibroblasts are the cells responsible for extracellular matrix deposition, which is the hallmark of liver fibrosis. It is believed that myofibroblasts are predominantly derived from hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), also known as Ito cells. Nevertheless, depending on the nature of insult to the liver, it is thought that myofibroblasts may also originate from a variety of other cell types such as the portal fibroblasts (PFs), fibrocytes, hepatocytes, hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs), and mesothelial cells. Liver myofibroblasts are believed to transform into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) while HCC is developing. There is substantial evidence suggesting that activated HSCs (aHSCs)/cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may play an important role in HCC initiation and progression. In this paper, we aim to review current literature on cellular origins of myofibroblasts with a focus on hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced hepatic fibrosis. We also address the role of aHSCs/CAFs in HCC progression through the regulation of immune cells as well as mechanisms of evolvement of drug resistance.
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Extracellular Matrix Alterations in Metastatic Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194947. [PMID: 31591367 PMCID: PMC6802000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of extracellular-secreted macromolecules, such as collagen, enzymes and glycoproteins, whose main functions deal with structural scaffolding and biochemical support of cells and tissues. ECM homeostasis is essential for organ development and functioning under physiological conditions, while its sustained modification or dysregulation can result in pathological conditions. During cancer progression, epithelial tumor cells may undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a morphological and functional remodeling, that deeply alters tumor cell features, leading to loss of epithelial markers (i.e., E-cadherin), changes in cell polarity and intercellular junctions and increase of mesenchymal markers (i.e., N-cadherin, fibronectin and vimentin). This process enhances cancer cell detachment from the original tumor mass and invasiveness, which are necessary for metastasis onset, thus allowing cancer cells to enter the bloodstream or lymphatic flow and colonize distant sites. The mechanisms that lead to development of metastases in specific sites are still largely obscure but modifications occurring in target tissue ECM are being intensively studied. Matrix metalloproteases and several adhesion receptors, among which integrins play a key role, are involved in metastasis-linked ECM modifications. In addition, cells involved in the metastatic niche formation, like cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) and tumor associated macrophages (TAM), have been found to play crucial roles in ECM alterations aimed at promoting cancer cells adhesion and growth. In this review we focus on molecular mechanisms of ECM modifications occurring during cancer progression and metastatic dissemination to distant sites, with special attention to lung, liver and bone. Moreover, the functional role of cells forming the tumor niche will also be reviewed in light of the most recent findings.
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Liu WT, Jing YY, Gao L, Li R, Yang X, Pan XR, Yang Y, Meng Y, Hou XJ, Zhao QD, Han ZP, Wei LX. Lipopolysaccharide induces the differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells into myofibroblasts constitutes the hepatocarcinogenesis-associated microenvironment. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:85-101. [PMID: 31065105 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally occurs in the presence of chronic liver injury, often as a sequela of liver fibrosis. Hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are known to be capable of forming both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes in chronic liver injury, which are also considered a source of myofibroblasts and tumor-initiating cells, under carcinogenic circumstances. However, the underlying mechanisms that activate HPCs to give rise to HCC are still unclear. In current study, the correlation between HPCs activation and liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis was investigated in rats and human specimens. We analyzed the role of HPCs in tumorigenesis, by transplanting exogenous HPCs in a diethylnitrosamine-induced rat HCC model. Our data indicated that HPC activation correlated with hepatic fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis. We further found that exogenous HPC infusion promoted liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis, while lipopolysaccharides (LPS) played an important role in this process. However, results of our study indicated that LPS did not induce HPCs to form tumor in nude mice directly. Rather, LPS induced myofibroblast-like morphology in HPCs, which enhanced the tumorigenic potential of HPCs. Further experiments showed that LPS/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling mediated the differentiation of HPCs into myofibroblasts and enhanced the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which led to the aberrant expression of Ras and p53 signaling pathways in HPCs, and finally, promoted the proliferation and malignant transformation of HPCs, by long non-coding RNA regulation. Besides, examination of HCC clinical samples demonstrated that IL-6 and TNF-α production correlated with HPC activation, hepatic fibrosis, and HCC recurrence. Our study indicates that both myofibroblasts and tumor cells are derived from HPCs. HPC-derived myofibroblasts create tumor microenvironment and contribute to the proliferation and malignant transformation of HPCs. Furthermore, LPS present in the chronic liver inflammation microenvironment might play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis, by regulating the plastic potential of HPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Liu
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Ying Jing
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Li
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Pan
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Hou
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Dong Zhao
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Han
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li-Xin Wei
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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Immune response involved in liver damage and the activation of hepatic progenitor cells during liver tumorigenesis. Cell Immunol 2018; 326:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Lee CW, Huang WC, Huang HD, Huang YH, Ho JH, Yang MH, Yang VW, Lee OK. DNA Methyltransferases Modulate Hepatogenic Lineage Plasticity of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:247-263. [PMID: 28602611 PMCID: PMC5511371 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The irreversibility of developmental processes in mammalian cells has been challenged by rising evidence that de-differentiation of hepatocytes occurs in adult liver. However, whether reversibility exists in mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived hepatocytes (dHeps) remains elusive. In this study, we find that hepatogenic differentiation (HD) of MSCs is a reversible process and is modulated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). DNMTs are regulated by transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), which in turn controls hepatogenic differentiation and de-differentiation. In addition, a stepwise reduction in TGFβ1 concentrations in culture media increases DNMT1 and decreases DNMT3 in primary hepatocytes (Heps) and confers Heps with multi-differentiation potentials similarly to MSCs. Hepatic lineage reversibility of MSCs and lineage conversion of Heps are regulated by DNMTs in response to TGFβ1. This previously unrecognized TGFβ1-DNMTs-MSC-HD axis may further increase the understanding the normal and pathological processes in the liver, as well as functions of MSCs after transplantation to treat liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Lee
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu 30010, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu 30010, Taiwan; Center for Bioinformatics Research, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu 30010, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Jennifer H Ho
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Immunity and Inflammation Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Vincent W Yang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Oscar K Lee
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
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Pan XR, Jing YY, Liu WT, Han ZP, Li R, Yang Y, Zhu JN, Li XY, Li PP, Wei LX. Lipopolysaccharide induces the differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells into myofibroblasts via activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:1357-1365. [PMID: 28562206 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1325976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Normally, hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are activated and differentiate into hepatocytes or bile ductular cells to repair liver damage during liver injury. However, it remains controversial whether the abnormal differentiation of HPCs occurs under abnormal conditions. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the microenvironment, promotes liver fibrosis. In the present study, HPCs promoted liver fibrosis in rats following carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) treatment. Meanwhile, the LPS level in the portal vein was elevated and played a primary role in the fate of HPCs. In vitro, LPS inhibited the hepatobiliary differentiation of HPCs. Concurrently, HPCs co-cultured with LPS for 2 weeks showed a tendency to differentiate into myofibroblasts (MFs). Thus, we conclude that LPS promotes the aberrant differentiation of HPCs into MFs as a third type of descendant. This study provides insight into a novel differentiation fate of HPCs in their microenvironment, and could thus lead to the development of HPCs for treatment methods in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Pan
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China.,b The First Clinical Medical College , Fujian Medical University , Fujian , China
| | - Ying-Ying Jing
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhi-Peng Han
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Rong Li
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Yang Yang
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Jing-Ni Zhu
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiao-Yong Li
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Pei-Pei Li
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Li-Xin Wei
- a Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy center , Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Shanghai , China
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