1
|
Acquisition of Immune Privilege in GBM Tumors: Role of Prostaglandins and Bile Salts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043198. [PMID: 36834607 PMCID: PMC9958596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the postulate that glioblastoma (GBM) tumors generate anti-inflammatory prostaglandins and bile salts to gain immune privilege, we analyzed 712 tumors in-silico from three GBM transcriptome databases for prostaglandin and bile synthesis/signaling enzyme-transcript markers. A pan-database correlation analysis was performed to identify cell-specific signal generation and downstream effects. The tumors were stratified by their ability to generate prostaglandins, their competency in bile salt synthesis, and the presence of bile acid receptors nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4 (NR1H4) and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1). The survival analysis indicates that tumors capable of prostaglandin and/or bile salt synthesis are linked to poor outcomes. Tumor prostaglandin D2 and F2 syntheses are derived from infiltrating microglia, whereas prostaglandin E2 synthesis is derived from neutrophils. GBMs drive the microglial synthesis of PGD2/F2 by releasing/activating complement system component C3a. GBM expression of sperm-associated heat-shock proteins appears to stimulate neutrophilic PGE2 synthesis. The tumors that generate bile and express high levels of bile receptor NR1H4 have a fetal liver phenotype and a RORC-Treg infiltration signature. The bile-generating tumors that express high levels of GPBAR1 are infiltrated with immunosuppressive microglia/macrophage/myeloid-derived suppressor cells. These findings provide insight into how GBMs generate immune privilege and may explain the failure of checkpoint inhibitor therapy and provide novel targets for treatment.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wei S, Kang X, Yang C, Wang F, Dai T, Guo X, Ma Z, Li C, Zhao H, Dan X. Analysis of reproduction-related transcriptomes on pineal-hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian tissues during estrus and anestrus in Tan sheep. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1068882. [PMID: 36504859 PMCID: PMC9729709 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1068882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal estrus is an important factor limiting the fertility of some animals such as sheep. Promoting estrus in the anestrus season is one of the major ways in improving the fecundity of seasonally breeding animals. The pineal-hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (PHPO) axis plays a decisive role in regulating animal reproduction. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the PHPO axis regulates seasonal reproduction in animals are not well understood, especially in Tan sheep. To this end, we collected pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary tissues from Tan sheep during estrus and anestrus for RNA-Sequencing, and performed bioinformatics analysis on the entire regulatory axis of the pineal-hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary (PHPO). The results showed that 940, 1,638, 750, and 971 DEGs (differentially expressed genes, DEGs) were identified in pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary, respectively. GO analysis showed that DEGs from PHPO axis-related tissues were mainly enriched in "biological processes" such as transmembrane transport, peptide and amide biosynthesis and DNA synthesis. Meanwhile, KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the bile acid secretion pathway and the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway were significantly enriched. Additionally, four potential candidate genes related to seasonal reproduction (VEGFA, CDC20, ASPM, and PLCG2) were identified by gene expression profiling and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. These findings will contribute to be better understanding of seasonal reproduction regulation in Tan sheep and will serve as a useful reference for molecular breeding of high fertility Tan sheep.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bone C, Squires EJ. Nuclear Receptor Pathways Mediating the Development of Boar Taint. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090785. [PMID: 36144190 PMCID: PMC9503508 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptors PXR, CAR, and FXR are activated by various ligands and function as transcription factors to control the expression of genes that regulate the synthesis and metabolism of androstenone and skatole. These compounds are produced in entire male pigs and accumulate in the fat to cause the development of a meat quality issue known as boar taint. The extent of this accumulation is influenced by the synthesis and hepatic clearance of androstenone and skatole. For this reason, PXR, CAR, and FXR-mediated signaling pathways have garnered interest as potential targets for specialized treatments designed to reduce the development of boar taint. Recent research has also identified several metabolites produced by gut microbes that act as ligands for these nuclear receptors (e.g., tryptophan metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids); however, the connection between the gut microbiome and boar taint development is not clear. In this review, we describe the nuclear receptor signaling pathways that regulate the synthesis and metabolism of boar taint compounds and outline the genes involved. We also discuss several microbial-derived metabolites and dietary additives that are known or suspected nuclear receptor ligands and suggest how these compounds could be used to develop novel treatments for boar taint.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ueda H, Honda A, Miyazaki T, Morishita Y, Hirayama T, Iwamoto J, Nakamoto N, Ikegami T. Sex-, age-, and organ-dependent improvement of bile acid hydrophobicity by ursodeoxycholic acid treatment: A study using a mouse model with human-like bile acid composition. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271308. [PMID: 35819971 PMCID: PMC9275687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyp2a12-/-Cyp2c70-/- double knockout (DKO) mice have a human-like hydrophobic bile acid (BA) composition and show reduced fertility and liver injury. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a hydrophilic and cytoprotective BA used to treat various liver injuries in humans. This study investigated the effects of orally administered UDCA on fertility and liver injury in DKO mice. UDCA treatment prevented abnormal delivery (miscarriage and preterm birth) in pregnant DKO mice, presumably by increasing the hydrophilicity of serum BAs. UDCA also prevented liver damage in six-week-old DKO mice, however liver injury emerged in UDCA-treated 20-week-old female, but not male, DKO mice. In 20-week-old male UDCA-treated DKO mice, conjugated plus unconjugated UDCA proportions in serum, liver, and bile were 71, 64, and 71% of the total BAs, respectively. In contrast, conjugated plus unconjugated UDCA proportions in serum, liver, and bile of females were 56, 34, and 58% of the total BAs, respectively. The UDCA proportion was considerably low in female liver only and was compensated by highly hydrophobic lithocholic acid (LCA). Therefore, UDCA treatment markedly reduced the BA hydrophobicity index in the male liver but not in females. This appears to be why UDCA treatment causes liver injury in 20-week-old female mice. To explore the cause of LCA accumulation in the female liver, we evaluated the hepatic activity of CYP3A11 and SULT2A1, which metabolize LCAs to more hydrophilic BAs. However, there was no evidence to suggest that either enzyme activity was lower in females than in males. As female mice have a larger BA pool than males, excessive loading of LCAs on the hepatic bile salt export pump (BSEP) may be the reason for the hepatic accumulation of LCAs in female DKO mice with prolonged UDCA treatment. Our results suggest that the improvement of BA hydrophobicity in DKO mice by UDCA administration is sex-, age-, and organ-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Ueda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Honda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan.,Joint Research Center, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Teruo Miyazaki
- Joint Research Center, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yukio Morishita
- Diagnostic Pathology Division, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirayama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junichi Iwamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ikegami
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao L, Gao D, Zhang J, Li C, Wu M, Xiao Y, Yang L, Ma T, Wang X, Zhang M, Yang D, Pan T, Zhang H, Wang A, Jin Y, Chen H. Age-related endoplasmic reticulum stress represses testosterone synthesis via attenuation of the circadian clock in Leydig cells. Theriogenology 2022; 189:137-149. [PMID: 35753227 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Senile animals exhibit a high risk of elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, attenuated circadian clock, and impaired steroidogenesis in testes. However, how these three processes are intertwined in mouse Leydig cells remains unclear. In this study, a mouse model of aging and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced senescent TM3 Leydig cells were used to dissect the connections among ER stress, circadian oscillators, and steroidogenesis in Leydig cells. Additionally, thapsigargin (Tg, 60 nM)/tunicamycin (Tm, 60 ng/mL)-induced ER stress were established to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which ER stress regulated testosterone synthesis via circadian clock-related signaling pathways in TM3 cells and primary Leydig cells. Elevated ER stress, attenuated circadian clock, and diminished steroidogenesis were detected in the testes of aged mice (24-month-old) and H2O2-induced (200 μM) senescent TM3 cells in comparison with their control groups. Tg/Tm-induced ER stress reduced the transcription of the circadian clock and steroidogenic genes in TM3 cells and LH-treated (100 ng/mL) primary Leydig cells. Furthermore, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA, 1 μM), an inhibitor of ER stress, alleviated the inhibitory effect of Tg-mediated ER stress on Per2:Luc oscillations in primary Leydig cells isolated from mPer2Luc knock-in mice, and attenuated the repressive effect of H2O2-induced or Tg-mediated ER stress on the transcription of circadian clock and steroidogenic genes expression and testosterone synthesis in TM3 cells. Collectively, these data indicate that age-related ER stress represses testosterone synthesis via attenuation of the circadian clock in Leydig cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qing Hai University, Xining, 810006, Qinghai, China
| | - Dengke Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cuimei Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meina Wu
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yaoyao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Luda Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Manhui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Pan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thirouard L, Holota H, Monrose M, Garcia M, de Haze A, Damon‐Soubeyrand C, Renaud Y, Saru J, Perino A, Schoonjans K, Beaudoin C, Volle DH. Identification of a Crosstalk among TGR5, GLIS2, and TP53 Signaling Pathways in the Control of Undifferentiated Germ Cell Homeostasis and Chemoresistance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200626. [PMID: 35435331 PMCID: PMC9189661 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells regenerate and maintain spermatogenesis throughout life, making testis a good model for studying stem cell biology. The effects of chemotherapy on fertility have been well-documented previously. This study investigates how busulfan, an alkylating agent that is often used for chemotherapeutic purposes, affects male fertility. Specifically, the role of the TGR5 pathway is investigated on spermatogonia homeostasis using in vivo, in vitro, and pharmacological methods. In vivo studies are performed using wild-type and Tgr5-deficient mouse models. The results clearly show that Tgr5 deficiency can facilitate restoration of the spermatogonia homeostasis and allow faster resurgence of germ cell lineage after exposure to busulfan. TGR5 modulates the expression of key genes of undifferentiated spermatogonia such as Gfra1 and Fgfr2. At the molecular level, the present data highlight molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions among the TGR5, GLIS2, and TP53 pathways in spermatogonia associated with germ cell apoptosis following busulfan exposure. This study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it shows that TGR5 plays key role on undifferentiated germ cell homeostasis and that modulating the TGR5 signaling pathway could be used as a potential therapeutic tool for fertility disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Thirouard
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | - Hélène Holota
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | - Mélusine Monrose
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | - Manon Garcia
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | - Angélique de Haze
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | | | - Yoan Renaud
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteBio‐informatic facilityClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | - Jean‐Paul Saru
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | - Alessia Perino
- Laboratory of Metabolic SignalingInstitute of BioengineeringSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneCH‐1015Switzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic SignalingInstitute of BioengineeringSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneCH‐1015Switzerland
| | - Claude Beaudoin
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| | - David H. Volle
- INSERM U1103Université Clermont AuvergneCNRS UMR‐6293GReD InstituteTeam‐VolleClermont‐FerrandF‐63037France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Analysis of the Reversible Impact of the Chemodrug Busulfan on Mouse Testes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092403. [PMID: 34572051 PMCID: PMC8472455 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a process within the testis that leads to the production of spermatozoa. It is based on a population of spermatogonial stem cells, which have the capacity to self-renew and to differentiate throughout life to ensure the functions of reproduction are maintained. Male fertility disorders are responsible for half of the cases of infertility in couples worldwide. It is well known that cancer treatments are associated with reversible or irreversible fertility disorders. Busulfan (Bu) is an alkylating agent that significantly inhibits spermatogenesis. The present study relied on a combination of in vivo and in vitro approaches as well as RNAseq analysis to characterize the effects of Bu, in which mouse testes were used as a model. An in silico analysis revealed that many of the Bu-modulated genes are potentially regulated by the SIN3 Transcription Regulator Family Member A (SIN3A) and E2F Transcription Factor (E2F) families of transcription factors. The results demonstrate that the deregulated genes function in processes related to the cell cycle, DNA repair, and cell death mechanisms, including the Tumor Protein 53 (TP53) pathway. This reinforces the role of the TP53 signaling pathway as a major player in Bu effects. In addition, Bu altered the patterns of mRNA accumulation for various genes in undifferentiated spermatogonia. This work provides significant insight into the kinetics and impacts of busulfan, which could pave the way for developing strategies to minimize the impact of chemodrugs and, thus, could lead to germ cell lineage regeneration following anticancer treatments.
Collapse
|
8
|
Novel Gene Regulation in Normal and Abnormal Spermatogenesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030666. [PMID: 33802813 PMCID: PMC8002376 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex and dynamic process which is precisely controlledby genetic and epigenetic factors. With the development of new technologies (e.g., single-cell RNA sequencing), increasingly more regulatory genes related to spermatogenesis have been identified. In this review, we address the roles and mechanisms of novel genes in regulating the normal and abnormal spermatogenesis. Specifically, we discussed the functions and signaling pathways of key new genes in mediating the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of rodent and human spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), as well as in controlling the meiosis of spermatocytes and other germ cells. Additionally, we summarized the gene regulation in the abnormal testicular microenvironment or the niche by Sertoli cells, peritubular myoid cells, and Leydig cells. Finally, we pointed out the future directions for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying human spermatogenesis. This review could offer novel insights into genetic regulation in the normal and abnormal spermatogenesis, and it provides new molecular targets for gene therapy of male infertility.
Collapse
|
9
|
Finger DS, Whitehead KM, Phipps DN, Ables ET. Nuclear receptors linking physiology and germline stem cells in Drosophila. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 116:327-362. [PMID: 33752824 PMCID: PMC8063499 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition and physiology are intimately associated with reproductive success in diverse organisms. Despite decades of study, the molecular mechanisms linking maternal diet to the production and quality of oocytes remain poorly defined. Nuclear receptors (NRs) link nutritional signals to cellular responses and are essential for oocyte development. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is an excellent genetically tractable model to study the relationship between NR signaling and oocyte production. In this review, we explore how NRs in Drosophila regulate the earliest stages of oocyte development. Long-recognized as an essential mediator of developmental transitions, we focus on the intrinsic roles of the Ecdysone Receptor and its ligand, ecdysone, in oogenesis. We also review recent studies suggesting broader roles for NRs as regulators of maternal physiology and their impact specifically on oocyte production. We propose that NRs form the molecular basis of a broad physiological surveillance network linking maternal diet with oocyte production. Given the functional conservation between Drosophila and humans, continued experimental investigation into the molecular mechanisms by which NRs promote oogenesis will likely aid our understanding of human fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle S Finger
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Kaitlin M Whitehead
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Daniel N Phipps
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth T Ables
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Monrose M, Thirouard L, Garcia M, Holota H, De Haze A, Caira F, Beaudoin C, Volle DH. New perspectives on PPAR, VDR and FXRα as new actors in testicular pathophysiology. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 78:100886. [PMID: 32878696 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of reproductive disorders is constantly increasing and affects 15% of couples, with male's abnormalities diagnosed in almost half of the cases. The male gonads exert two major functions of the testis with the productions of gametes (exocrine function) and of sexual hormones (endocrine function). In the last decades, next to steroid receptors such as estrogen and androgen receptors, the involvement of other members of the nuclear receptor superfamily have been described such as Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1), Nerve growth factor IB (NGFIB), Liver-X-Receptorα (LXRα) and Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1 (DAX-1). The purpose of this review is to highlight the emerging roles of some members of the nuclear receptor superfamily among which the vitamin-D Receptor (VDR), Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR), Farnesoid-X-Receptor-α (FXRα). We discuss how these receptors could participate to explain male fertility disorders; and their potential to be use as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for management of fertility disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Monrose
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - L Thirouard
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Garcia
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - H Holota
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A De Haze
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - F Caira
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - C Beaudoin
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - D H Volle
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hasani Fard AH, Mohseni Kouchesfehani H, Jalali H. Investigation of cholestasis-related changes in characteristics of spermatogonial stem cells in testis tissue of male Wistar rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13660. [PMID: 32478921 DOI: 10.1111/and.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Paternal metabolic status is an important factor in the health status of offspring. Cholestasis, as a metabolic disorder, significantly disrupts spermatogenesis. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are considered the dividing germ cells, which maintain spermatogenesis throughout the lifespan. Here, we investigated the in vivo and in vitro effect(s) of cholestasis on SSCs. Cholestasis was induced in rats by bile duct ligation. Four weeks after the cholestasis induction, testicular tissues were analysed using histopathological examinations. The expression of SSC markers, including Plzf and Thy-1, was determined using the immunofluorescent technique. Also, SSCs were isolated from animals, and their proliferation was examined in vitro. The histological examinations revealed that cholestasis caused irregularities in the structure of seminal tubes. Immunostaining showed that the total number of Thy-1- and Plzf-expressing cells was declined in the cholestasis group compared with the control group. In vitro culture of SSCs indicated that the number of SSC colonies and those expressing Plzf were significantly reduced in the culture medium of the cholestasis group. Our results indicated that cholestasis affects the functionality of SSCs and reduces the number and proliferation of them. This finding may be of interest to the effect of metabolic diseases such as cholestasis on spermatogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanieh Jalali
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Garcia M, Thirouard L, Monrose M, Holota H, De Haze A, Caira F, Beaudoin C, Volle DH. Farnesoid X receptor alpha (FXRα) is a critical actor of the development and pathologies of the male reproductive system. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4849-4859. [PMID: 31407019 PMCID: PMC11105758 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The farnesoid-X-receptorα (FXRα; NR1H4) is one of the main bile acid (BA) receptors. During the last decades, through the use of pharmalogical approaches and transgenic mouse models, it has been demonstrated that the nuclear receptor FXRα controls numerous physiological functions such as glucose or energy metabolisms. It is also involved in the etiology or the development of several pathologies. Here, we will review the unexpected roles of FXRα on the male reproductive tract. FXRα has been demonstrated to play functions in the regulation of testicular and prostate homeostasis. Even though additional studies are needed to confirm these findings in humans, the reviewed reports open new field of research to better define the effects of bile acid-FXRα signaling pathways on fertility disorders and cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Garcia
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laura Thirouard
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélusine Monrose
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Holota
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Angélique De Haze
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Françoise Caira
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claude Beaudoin
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - David H Volle
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Holota H, Thirouard L, Garcia M, Monrose M, de Haze A, Saru JP, Caira F, Beaudoin C, Volle DH. Fxralpha gene is a target gene of hCG signaling pathway and represses hCG induced steroidogenesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 194:105460. [PMID: 31470110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The bile acid receptor Farnesoid-X-Receptor alpha (FXRα), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is well known for its roles in the enterohepatic tract. In addition, FXRα regulates testicular physiology through the control of both endocrine and exocrine functions. The endocrine function of the Leydig cells is mainly controlled by the hypothalamo-pituitary axis viaLH/chorionic gonadotropin (CG). If FXRα was demonstrated to control the expression of the Lhcgr gene, encoding the LH receptor; the impact of the LH/CG signaling on the Fxrα expression has not been defined so far. Here, we demonstrate that hCG increases the Fxrα gene expression through the protein kinase-A signaling pathway. Fxrα is then involved in a negative feedback of steroid synthesis. These data improve our knowledge of the local control of the testicular steroidogenesis with the identification of the link between the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and the FXRα signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Holota
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laura Thirouard
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Manon Garcia
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélusine Monrose
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Angélique de Haze
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Paul Saru
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Françoise Caira
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claude Beaudoin
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - David H Volle
- Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR-6293, GReD, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nuclear Receptor Metabolism of Bile Acids and Xenobiotics: A Coordinated Detoxification System with Impact on Health and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113630. [PMID: 30453651 PMCID: PMC6274770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural and functional studies have provided numerous insights over the past years on how members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily tightly regulate the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Besides the role of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in the transcriptional control of bile acid transport and metabolism, this review provides an overview on how this metabolic sensor prevents the accumulation of toxic byproducts derived from endogenous metabolites, as well as of exogenous chemicals, in coordination with the pregnane X receptor (PXR) and the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Decrypting this network should provide cues to better understand how these metabolic nuclear receptors participate in physiologic and pathologic processes with potential validation as therapeutic targets in human disabilities and cancers.
Collapse
|
15
|
Sèdes L, Desdoits-Lethimonier C, Rouaisnel B, Holota H, Thirouard L, Lesne L, Damon-Soubeyrand C, Martinot E, Saru JP, Mazaud-Guittot S, Caira F, Beaudoin C, Jégou B, Volle DH. Crosstalk between BPA and FXRα Signaling Pathways Lead to Alterations of Undifferentiated Germ Cell Homeostasis and Male Fertility Disorders. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:944-958. [PMID: 30245210 PMCID: PMC6178796 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported an association between the farnesoid X receptor alpha (FXRα) and estrogenic signaling pathways. Fxrα could thus be involved in the reprotoxic effects of endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol-A (BPA). To test this hypothesis, mice were exposed to BPA and/or stigmasterol (S), an FXRα antagonist. Following the exposure to both molecules, wild-type animals showed impaired fertility and lower sperm cell production associated with the alteration of the establishment and maintenance of the undifferentiated germ cell pool. The crosstalk between BPA and FXRα is further supported by the lower impact of BPA in mice genetically ablated for Fxrα and the fact that BPA counteracted the effects of FXRα agonists. These effects might result from the downregulation of Fxrα expression following BPA exposure. BPA and S act additively in human testis. Our data demonstrate that FXRα activity modulates the impact of BPA on male gonads and on undifferentiated germ cell population. BPA and S exposures synergistically induce male fertility disorders BPA regulates Fxr expression BPA and S act additively in human testis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Sèdes
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christèle Desdoits-Lethimonier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Betty Rouaisnel
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Holota
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laura Thirouard
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurianne Lesne
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christelle Damon-Soubeyrand
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuelle Martinot
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Paul Saru
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Séverine Mazaud-Guittot
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Françoise Caira
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claude Beaudoin
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bernard Jégou
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - David H Volle
- INSERM U 1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR 6293, GReD, Laboratoire Génétique, Reproduction & Développement, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sèdes L, Thirouard L, Maqdasy S, Garcia M, Caira F, Lobaccaro JMA, Beaudoin C, Volle DH. Cholesterol: A Gatekeeper of Male Fertility? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:369. [PMID: 30072948 PMCID: PMC6060264 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential for mammalian cell functions and integrity. It is an important structural component maintaining the permeability and fluidity of the cell membrane. The balance between synthesis and catabolism of cholesterol should be tightly regulated to ensure normal cellular processes. Male reproductive function has been demonstrated to be dependent on cholesterol homeostasis. Here we review data highlighting the impacts of cholesterol homeostasis on male fertility and the molecular mechanisms implicated through the signaling pathways of some nuclear receptors.
Collapse
|