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Bongiovanni C, Bueno-Levy H, Posadas Pena D, Del Bono I, Miano C, Boriati S, Da Pra S, Sacchi F, Redaelli S, Bergen M, Romaniello D, Pontis F, Tassinari R, Kellerer L, Petraroia I, Mazzeschi M, Lauriola M, Ventura C, Heermann S, Weidinger G, Tzahor E, D'Uva G. BMP7 promotes cardiomyocyte regeneration in zebrafish and adult mice. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114162. [PMID: 38678558 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish have a lifelong cardiac regenerative ability after damage, whereas mammals lose this capacity during early postnatal development. This study investigated whether the declining expression of growth factors during postnatal mammalian development contributes to the decrease of cardiomyocyte regenerative potential. Besides confirming the proliferative ability of neuregulin 1 (NRG1), interleukin (IL)1b, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), insulin growth factor (IGF)2, and IL6, we identified other potential pro-regenerative factors, with BMP7 exhibiting the most pronounced efficacy. Bmp7 knockdown in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes and loss-of-function in adult zebrafish during cardiac regeneration reduced cardiomyocyte proliferation, indicating that Bmp7 is crucial in the regenerative stages of mouse and zebrafish hearts. Conversely, bmp7 overexpression in regenerating zebrafish or administration at post-mitotic juvenile and adult mouse stages, in vitro and in vivo following myocardial infarction, enhanced cardiomyocyte cycling. Mechanistically, BMP7 stimulated proliferation through BMPR1A/ACVR1 and ACVR2A/BMPR2 receptors and downstream SMAD5, ERK, and AKT signaling. Overall, BMP7 administration is a promising strategy for heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bongiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), via di Corticella 183, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Hanna Bueno-Levy
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St. 234, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Denise Posadas Pena
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Irene Del Bono
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Miano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), via di Corticella 183, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Boriati
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Da Pra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Sacchi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), via di Corticella 183, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Redaelli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Max Bergen
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Pontis
- Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Kellerer
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ilaria Petraroia
- Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Mazzeschi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Ventura
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), via di Corticella 183, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stephan Heermann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gilbert Weidinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Eldad Tzahor
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St. 234, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
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2
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Liu Y, Zhang M, Wang C, Chen H, Su D, Yang C, Tao Y, Lv X, Zhou Z, Li J, Liao Y, You J, Wang Z, Cheng F, Yang R. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Induce Fetal Wound Healing Features Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13696-13713. [PMID: 38751164 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (hucMSC-EVs) in wound healing is promising, yet a comprehensive understanding of how fibroblasts and keratinocytes respond to this treatment remains limited. This study utilizes single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to investigate the impact of hucMSC-EVs on the cutaneous wound microenvironment in mice. Through rigorous single-cell analyses, we unveil the emergence of hucMSC-EV-induced hematopoietic fibroblasts and MMP13+ fibroblasts. Notably, MMP13+ fibroblasts exhibit fetal-like expressions of MMP13, MMP9, and HAS1, accompanied by heightened migrasome activity. Activation of MMP13+ fibroblasts is orchestrated by a distinctive PIEZO1-calcium-HIF1α-VEGF-MMP13 pathway, validated through murine models and dermal fibroblast assays. Organotypic culture assays further affirm that these activated fibroblasts induce keratinocyte migration via MMP13-LRP1 interactions. This study significantly contributes to our understanding of fibroblast heterogeneities as well as intercellular interactions in wound healing and identifies hucMSC-EV-induced hematopoietic fibroblasts as potential targets for reprogramming. The therapeutic targets presented by these fibroblasts offer exciting prospects for advancing wound healing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 100039 Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, Beijing 100063, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275 Shenzhen, China
| | - Dandan Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275 Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Yuandong Tao
- Department of Pediatric Urology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Xuexue Lv
- Department of Pediatric Urology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, Beijing 100063, China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, Beijing 100063, China
| | - Yong Liao
- Department of Dermatology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Jia You
- Biomedical Treatment Center, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxu Wang
- Biomedical Treatment Center, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275 Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongya Yang
- Department of Dermatology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100010 Beijing, China
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3
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Extracellular Matrix-Based Approaches in Cardiac Regeneration: Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415783. [PMID: 36555424 PMCID: PMC9779713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac development is characterized by the active proliferation of different cardiac cell types, in particular cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, that eventually build the beating heart. In mammals, these cells lose their regenerative potential early after birth, representing a major obstacle to our current capacity to restore the myocardial structure and function after an injury. Increasing evidence indicates that the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) actively regulates and orchestrates the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of cardiac cells within the heart, and that any change in either the composition of the ECM or its mechanical properties ultimately affect the behavior of these cells throughout one's life. Thus, understanding the role of ECMs' proteins and related signaling pathways on cardiac cell proliferation is essential to develop effective strategies fostering the regeneration of a damaged heart. This review provides an overview of the components of the ECM and its mechanical properties, whose function in cardiac regeneration has been elucidated, with a major focus on the strengths and weaknesses of the experimental models so far exploited to demonstrate the actual pro-regenerative capacity of the components of the ECM and to translate this knowledge into new therapies.
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4
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Pianca N, Sacchi F, Umansky KB, Chirivì M, Iommarini L, Da Pra S, Papa V, Bongiovanni C, Miano C, Pontis F, Braga L, Tassinari R, Pantano E, Patnala RS, Mazzeschi M, Cenacchi G, Porcelli AM, Lauriola M, Ventura C, Giacca M, Rizzi R, Tzahor E, D’Uva G. Glucocorticoid receptor antagonization propels endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:617-633. [DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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5
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Hypoxia promotes a perinatal-like progenitor state in the adult murine epicardium. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9250. [PMID: 35661120 PMCID: PMC9166725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epicardium is a reservoir of progenitors that give rise to coronary vasculature and stroma during development and mediates cardiac vascular repair. However, its role as a source of progenitors in the adult mammalian heart remains unclear due to lack of clear lineage markers and single-cell culture systems to elucidate epicardial progeny cell fate. We found that in vivo exposure of mice to physiological hypoxia induced adult epicardial cells to re-enter the cell cycle and to express a subset of developmental genes. Multiplex single cell transcriptional profiling revealed a lineage relationship between epicardial cells and smooth muscle, stromal cells, as well as cells with an endothelial-like fate. We found that physiological hypoxia promoted a perinatal-like progenitor state in the adult murine epicardium. In vitro clonal analyses of purified epicardial cells showed that cell growth and subsequent differentiation is dependent upon hypoxia, and that resident epicardial cells retain progenitor identity in the adult mammalian heart with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. These results point to a source of progenitor cells in the adult heart that can be stimulated in vivo and provide an in vitro model for further studies.
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6
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Ribeiro R, Macedo JC, Costa M, Ustiyan V, Shindyapina AV, Tyshkovskiy A, Gomes RN, Castro JP, Kalin TV, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Nascimento DS, Dmitriev SE, Gladyshev VN, Kalinichenko VV, Logarinho E. In vivo cyclic induction of the FOXM1 transcription factor delays natural and progeroid aging phenotypes and extends healthspan. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:397-411. [PMID: 37118067 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The FOXM1 transcription factor exhibits pleiotropic C-terminal transcriptional and N-terminal non-transcriptional functions in various biological processes critical for cellular homeostasis. We previously found that FOXM1 repression during cellular aging underlies the senescence phenotypes, which were vastly restored by overexpressing transcriptionally active FOXM1. Yet, it remains unknown whether increased expression of FOXM1 can delay organismal aging. Here, we show that in vivo cyclic induction of an N-terminal truncated FOXM1 transgene on progeroid and naturally aged mice offsets aging-associated repression of full-length endogenous Foxm1, reinstating both transcriptional and non-transcriptional functions. This translated into mitigation of several cellular aging hallmarks, as well as molecular and histopathological progeroid features of the short-lived Hutchison-Gilford progeria mouse model, significantly extending its lifespan. FOXM1 transgene induction also reinstated endogenous Foxm1 levels in naturally aged mice, delaying aging phenotypes while extending their lifespan. Thus, we disclose that FOXM1 genetic rewiring can delay senescence-associated progeroid and natural aging pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ribeiro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana C Macedo
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Costa
- Anatomy Department, Unit for Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vladimir Ustiyan
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anastasia V Shindyapina
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Tyshkovskiy
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rita N Gomes
- INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Castro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana S Nascimento
- INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sergey E Dmitriev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elsa Logarinho
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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7
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Accelerated Growth, Differentiation, and Ploidy with Reduced Proliferation of Right Ventricular Cardiomyocytes in Children with Congenital Heart Defect Tetralogy of Fallot. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010175. [PMID: 35011735 PMCID: PMC8750260 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The myocardium of children with tetralogy of Fallot (TF) undergoes hemodynamic overload and hypoxemia immediately after birth. Comparative analysis of changes in the ploidy and morphology of the right ventricular cardiomyocytes in children with TF in the first years of life demonstrated their significant increase compared with the control group. In children with TF, there was a predominantly diffuse distribution of Connexin43-containing gap junctions over the cardiomyocytes sarcolemma, which redistributed into the intercalated discs as cardiomyocytes differentiation increased. The number of Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes varied greatly and amounted to 7.0–1025.5/106 cardiomyocytes and also were decreased with increased myocytes differentiation. Ultrastructural signs of immaturity and proliferative activity of cardiomyocytes in children with TF were demonstrated. The proportion of interstitial tissue did not differ significantly from the control group. The myocardium of children with TF under six months of age was most sensitive to hypoxemia, it was manifested by a delay in the intercalated discs and myofibril assembly and the appearance of ultrastructural signs of dystrophic changes in the cardiomyocytes. Thus, the acceleration of ontogenetic growth and differentiation of the cardiomyocytes, but not the reactivation of their proliferation, was an adaptation of the immature myocardium of children with TF to hemodynamic overload and hypoxemia.
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8
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Bongiovanni C, Sacchi F, Da Pra S, Pantano E, Miano C, Morelli MB, D'Uva G. Reawakening the Intrinsic Cardiac Regenerative Potential: Molecular Strategies to Boost Dedifferentiation and Proliferation of Endogenous Cardiomyocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:750604. [PMID: 34692797 PMCID: PMC8531484 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.750604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts carried out to develop stem/progenitor cell-based technologies aiming at replacing and restoring the cardiac tissue following severe damages, thus far no strategies based on adult stem cell transplantation have been demonstrated to efficiently generate new cardiac muscle cells. Intriguingly, dedifferentiation, and proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes and not stem cell differentiation represent the preponderant cellular mechanism by which lower vertebrates spontaneously regenerate the injured heart. Mammals can also regenerate their heart up to the early neonatal period, even in this case by activating the proliferation of endogenous cardiomyocytes. However, the mammalian cardiac regenerative potential is dramatically reduced soon after birth, when most cardiomyocytes exit from the cell cycle, undergo further maturation, and continue to grow in size. Although a slow rate of cardiomyocyte turnover has also been documented in adult mammals, both in mice and humans, this is not enough to sustain a robust regenerative process. Nevertheless, these remarkable findings opened the door to a branch of novel regenerative approaches aiming at reactivating the endogenous cardiac regenerative potential by triggering a partial dedifferentiation process and cell cycle re-entry in endogenous cardiomyocytes. Several adaptations from intrauterine to extrauterine life starting at birth and continuing in the immediate neonatal period concur to the loss of the mammalian cardiac regenerative ability. A wide range of systemic and microenvironmental factors or cell-intrinsic molecular players proved to regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation and their manipulation has been explored as a therapeutic strategy to boost cardiac function after injuries. We here review the scientific knowledge gained thus far in this novel and flourishing field of research, elucidating the key biological and molecular mechanisms whose modulation may represent a viable approach for regenerating the human damaged myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bongiovanni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Sacchi
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Da Pra
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elvira Pantano
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Miano
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bruno Morelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
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9
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Kim Y, Zharkinbekov Z, Sarsenova M, Yeltay G, Saparov A. Recent Advances in Gene Therapy for Cardiac Tissue Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9206. [PMID: 34502115 PMCID: PMC8431496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for enormous socio-economic impact and the highest mortality globally. The standard of care for CVDs, which includes medications and surgical interventions, in most cases, can delay but not prevent the progression of disease. Gene therapy has been considered as a potential therapy to improve the outcomes of CVDs as it targets the molecular mechanisms implicated in heart failure. Cardiac reprogramming, therapeutic angiogenesis using growth factors, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic therapies are the modalities of cardiac gene therapy that have led to promising results in preclinical studies. Despite the benefits observed in animal studies, the attempts to translate them to humans have been inconsistent so far. Low concentration of the gene product at the target site, incomplete understanding of the molecular pathways of the disease, selected gene delivery method, difference between animal models and humans among others are probable causes of the inconsistent results in clinics. In this review, we discuss the most recent applications of the aforementioned gene therapy strategies to improve cardiac tissue regeneration in preclinical and clinical studies as well as the challenges associated with them. In addition, we consider ongoing gene therapy clinical trials focused on cardiac regeneration in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Arman Saparov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (Y.K.); (Z.Z.); (M.S.); (G.Y.)
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10
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A microRNA program regulates the balance between cardiomyocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy and stimulates cardiac regeneration. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4808. [PMID: 34376683 PMCID: PMC8355162 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial regeneration is restricted to early postnatal life, when mammalian cardiomyocytes still retain the ability to proliferate. The molecular cues that induce cell cycle arrest of neonatal cardiomyocytes towards terminally differentiated adult heart muscle cells remain obscure. Here we report that the miR-106b~25 cluster is higher expressed in the early postnatal myocardium and decreases in expression towards adulthood, especially under conditions of overload, and orchestrates the transition of cardiomyocyte hyperplasia towards cell cycle arrest and hypertrophy by virtue of its targetome. In line, gene delivery of miR-106b~25 to the mouse heart provokes cardiomyocyte proliferation by targeting a network of negative cell cycle regulators including E2f5, Cdkn1c, Ccne1 and Wee1. Conversely, gene-targeted miR-106b~25 null mice display spontaneous hypertrophic remodeling and exaggerated remodeling to overload by derepression of the prohypertrophic transcription factors Hand2 and Mef2d. Taking advantage of the regulatory function of miR-106b~25 on cardiomyocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy, viral gene delivery of miR-106b~25 provokes nearly complete regeneration of the adult myocardium after ischemic injury. Our data demonstrate that exploitation of conserved molecular programs can enhance the regenerative capacity of the injured heart.
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11
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The bright side of fibroblasts: molecular signature and regenerative cues in major organs. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:43. [PMID: 34376677 PMCID: PMC8355260 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathologic process characterized by the replacement of parenchymal tissue by large amounts of extracellular matrix, which may lead to organ dysfunction and even death. Fibroblasts are classically associated to fibrosis and tissue repair, and seldom to regeneration. However, accumulating evidence supports a pro-regenerative role of fibroblasts in different organs. While some organs rely on fibroblasts for maintaining stem cell niches, others depend on fibroblast activity, particularly on secreted molecules that promote cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, to guide the regenerative process. Herein we provide an up-to-date overview of fibroblast-derived regenerative signaling across different organs and discuss how this capacity may become compromised with aging. We further introduce a new paradigm for regenerative therapies based on reverting adult fibroblasts to a fetal/neonatal-like phenotype.
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12
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Apical Resection and Cryoinjury of Neonatal Mouse Heart. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 32857362 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0668-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Neonatal mouse hearts have a regenerative capacity similar to adult zebrafish. Different cardiac injury models have been established to investigate the regenerative capacity of neonatal mouse hearts, including ventricular amputation, cryoinjury, and ligation of a major coronary artery. While the ventricular resection model can be utilized to study how tissue forms and regenerates de novo, cryoinjury and coronary artery ligation are methods that might better mimic myocardial infarction by creating tissue damage and necrosis as opposed to the removal of healthy tissue in the ventricular amputation model. Here we describe methods of creating ventricular resection and cardiac cryoinjury in newborn mice.
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13
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Laundos TL, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Gomes RN, Sampaio-Pinto V, Cruz P, Cruz H, Santos JM, Barcia RN, Pinto-do-Ó P, Nascimento DS. Consistent Long-Term Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Umbilical Cord Matrix-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells After Myocardial Infarction Despite Individual Differences and Transient Engraftment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:624601. [PMID: 33614654 PMCID: PMC7890004 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.624601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells gather special interest as a universal and feasible add-on therapy for myocardial infarction (MI). In particular, human umbilical cord matrix-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UCM-MSC) are advantageous since can be easily obtained and display high expansion potential. Using isolation protocols compliant with cell therapy, we previously showed UCM-MSC preserved cardiac function and attenuated remodeling 2 weeks after MI. In this study, UCM-MSC from two umbilical cords, UC-A and UC-B, were transplanted in a murine MI model to investigate consistency and durability of the therapeutic benefits. Both cellular products improved cardiac function and limited adverse cardiac remodeling 12 weeks post-ischemic injury, supporting sustained and long-term beneficial therapeutic effect. Donor associated variability was found in the modulation of cardiac remodeling and activation of the Akt-mTOR-GSK3β survival pathway. In vitro, the two cell products displayed similar ability to induce the formation of vessel-like structures and comparable transcriptome in normoxia and hypoxia, apart from UCM-MSCs proliferation and expression differences in a small subset of genes associated with MHC Class I. These findings support that UCM-MSC are strong candidates to assist the treatment of MI whilst calling for the discussion on methodologies to characterize and select best performing UCM-MSC before clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago L. Laundos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cardiovascular RandD Center, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita N. Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vasco Sampaio-Pinto
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana S. Nascimento
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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14
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Santos F, Correia M, Nóbrega-Pereira S, Bernardes de Jesus B. Age-Related Pathways in Cardiac Regeneration: A Role for lncRNAs? Front Physiol 2021; 11:583191. [PMID: 33551829 PMCID: PMC7855957 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.583191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging imposes a barrier for tissue regeneration. In the heart, aging leads to a severe rearrangement of the cardiac structure and function and to a subsequent increased risk of heart failure. An intricate network of distinct pathways contributes to age-related alterations during healthy heart aging and account for a higher susceptibility of heart disease. Our understanding of the systemic aging process has already led to the design of anti-aging strategies or to the adoption of protective interventions. Nevertheless, our understanding of the molecular determinants operating during cardiac aging or repair remains limited. Here, we will summarize the molecular and physiological alterations that occur during aging of the heart, highlighting the potential role for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as novel and valuable targets in cardiac regeneration/repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Santos
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Magda Correia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandrina Nóbrega-Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruno Bernardes de Jesus
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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15
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Silva AC, Pereira C, Fonseca ACRG, Pinto-do-Ó P, Nascimento DS. Bearing My Heart: The Role of Extracellular Matrix on Cardiac Development, Homeostasis, and Injury Response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:621644. [PMID: 33511134 PMCID: PMC7835513 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.621644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential component of the heart that imparts fundamental cellular processes during organ development and homeostasis. Most cardiovascular diseases involve severe remodeling of the ECM, culminating in the formation of fibrotic tissue that is deleterious to organ function. Treatment schemes effective at managing fibrosis and promoting physiological ECM repair are not yet in reach. Of note, the composition of the cardiac ECM changes significantly in a short period after birth, concurrent with the loss of the regenerative capacity of the heart. This highlights the importance of understanding ECM composition and function headed for the development of more efficient therapies. In this review, we explore the impact of ECM alterations, throughout heart ontogeny and disease, on cardiac cells and debate available approaches to deeper insights on cell–ECM interactions, toward the design of new regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Silva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Cassilda Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina R G Fonseca
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana S Nascimento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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16
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Sampaio-Pinto V, Silva ED, Laundos TL, da Costa Martins P, Pinto-do-Ó P, Nascimento DS. Stereological estimation of cardiomyocyte number and proliferation. Methods 2020; 190:55-62. [PMID: 32603825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death, largely due to the limited regenerative capacity of the adult mammalian heart. Yet, neonatal mammals were shown to regenerate the myocardium after injury by increasing the proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes. Re-activation of cardiomyocyte proliferation in adulthood has been considered a promising strategy to improve cardiac response to injury. Notwithstanding, quantification of cardiomyocyte proliferation, which occurs at a very low rate, is hampered by inefficient or unreliable techniques. Herein, we propose an optimized protocol to unequivocally assess cardiomyocyte proliferation and/or cardiomyocyte number in the myocardium. Resorting to a stereological approach we estimate the number of cardiomyocytes using representative thick sections of left ventricle fragments. This protocol overcomes the need for spatial-temporal capture of cardiomyocyte proliferation events by focusing instead on the quantification of the outcome of this process. In addition, assessment of cardiomyocyte nucleation avoids overestimation of cardiomyocyte proliferation due to increased binucleation. By applying this protocol, we were able to previously show that apical resection triggers proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes generating hearts with more cardiomyocytes. Likewise, the protocol will be useful for any study aiming at evaluating the impact of neomyogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Sampaio-Pinto
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Elsa D Silva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Tiago L Laundos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula da Costa Martins
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Diana S Nascimento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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17
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Sampaio-Pinto V, Ruiz-Villalba A, Nascimento DS, Pérez-Pomares JM. Bone marrow contribution to the heart from development to adulthood. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:16-26. [PMID: 32591270 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac chamber walls contain large numbers of non-contractile interstitial cells, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes and significant populations of blood lineage-derived cells. Blood cells first colonize heart tissues a few days before birth, although their recruitment from the bloodstream to the cardiac interstitium is continuous and extends throughout adult life. The bone marrow, as the major hematopoietic site of adult individuals, is in charge of renewing all circulating cell types, and it therefore plays a pivotal role in the incorporation of blood cells to the heart. Bone marrow-derived cells are instrumental to tissue homeostasis in the steady-state heart, and are major effectors in cardiac disease progression. This review will provide a comprehensive approach to bone marrow-derived blood cell functions in the heart, and discuss aspects related to hot topics in the cardiovascular field like cell-based heart regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Sampaio-Pinto
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Adrián Ruiz-Villalba
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Campanillas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Diana S Nascimento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - José M Pérez-Pomares
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Campanillas, Málaga, Spain.
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18
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Li Y, Feng J, Li Y, Hu S, Nie Y. Achieving stable myocardial regeneration after apical resection in neonatal mice. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6500-6504. [PMID: 32343038 PMCID: PMC7294131 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neonatal heart completely regenerates after apical resection (AR), providing a desirable research model to study the mechanism of cardiac regeneration and cardiomyocyte proliferation. However, AR-induced neonatal heart regenerative phenomenon is controversial due to the variation of operative details in different laboratories. Here, we provide an optimized AR operation procedure with stable regeneration and high survival rate by achieving heart exposure, normalizing myocardium cut-offs, and reducing operation duration. We also established a whole-heart-slice approach to estimate the myocardial regeneration after the AR operation, which ensures no false-negative/positive results. The combination of the optimized AR operation and the whole-heart-slice analysis provides a stable system to study neonatal heart regeneration and cardiomyocyte proliferation in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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19
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Peters MM, Sampaio-Pinto V, da Costa Martins PA. Non-coding RNAs in endothelial cell signalling and hypoxia during cardiac regeneration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological condition that occurs after injury and during aging. Currently, there are limited means to effectively reduce or reverse fibrosis. Key to identifying methods for curbing excess deposition of extracellular matrix is a better understanding of the cardiac fibroblast, the cell responsible for collagen production. In recent years, the diversity and functions of these enigmatic cells have been gradually revealed. In this review, I outline current approaches for identifying and classifying cardiac fibroblasts. An emphasis is placed on new insights into the heterogeneity of these cells as determined by lineage tracing and single-cell sequencing in development, adult, and disease states. These recent advances in our understanding of the fibroblast provide a platform for future development of novel therapeutics to combat cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D Tallquist
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA;
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21
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Targeting LncDACH1 promotes cardiac repair and regeneration after myocardium infarction. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2158-2175. [PMID: 31969690 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal mammalian heart maintains a transient regeneration capacity after birth, whereas this regeneration ability gradually loses in the postnatal heart. Thus, the reactivation of cardiomyocyte proliferation is emerging as a key strategy for inducing heart regeneration in adults. We have reported that a highly conserved long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LncDACH1 was overexpressed in the failing hearts. Here, we found that LncDACH1 was gradually upregulated in the postnatal hearts. Cardiac-specific overexpression of LncDACH1 (TG) in mice suppressed neonatal heart regeneration and worsened cardiac function after apical resection. Conversely, in vivo cardiac conditional knockout of LncDACH1 (CKO) and adenovirus-mediated silencing of endogenous LncDACH1 reactivated cardiomyocyte-proliferative potential and promoted heart regeneration after myocardial infarction (MI) in juvenile and adult mice. Mechanistically, LncDACH1 was found to directly bind to protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit alpha (PP1A), and in turn, limit its dephosphorylation activity. Consistently, PP1A siRNA or pharmacological blockers of PP1A abrogated cardiomyocyte mitosis induced by LncDACH1 silencing. Furthermore, LncDACH1 enhanced yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) phosphorylation and reduced its nuclear translocation by binding PP1A. Verteporfin, a YAP1 inhibitor decreased LncDACH1 silencing-induced cardiomyocyte proliferation. In addition, targeting a conserved fragment of LncDACH1 caused cell cycle re-entry of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Collectively, LncDACH1 governs heart regeneration in postnatal and ischemic hearts via regulating PP1A/YAP1 signal, which confers a novel therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart diseases.
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22
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Cardiac Regeneration and Repair: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies. CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS OF STEM CELL BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43939-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Broughton KM, Sussman MA. Adult Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle Detour: Off-ramp to Quiescent Destinations. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:557-567. [PMID: 31262545 PMCID: PMC6703820 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ability to promote completion of mitotic cycling of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes remains an intractable and vexing challenge, despite being one of the most sought after 'holy grails' of cardiovascular research. While some of the struggle is attributable to adult cardiomyocytes themselves that are notoriously post-mitotic, another contributory factor rests with difficulty in definitive tracking of adult cardiomyocyte cell cycle and lack of rigorous measures to track proliferation in situ. This review summarizes past, present, and future directions to promote adult mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle progression, proliferation, and renewal. Establishing relationship(s) between cardiomyocyte cell cycle progression and cellular biological properties is sorely needed to understand the mechanistic basis for cardiomyocyte cell cycle withdrawal to enhance cardiomyocyte cell cycle progression and mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Broughton
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology and Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Mark A Sussman
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology and Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
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24
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Sayed A, Valente M, Sassoon D. Does cardiac development provide heart research with novel therapeutic approaches? F1000Res 2018; 7. [PMID: 30450195 PMCID: PMC6221076 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15609.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic heart progenitors arise at specific spatiotemporal periods that contribute to the formation of distinct cardiac structures. In mammals, the embryonic and fetal heart is hypoxic by comparison to the adult heart. In parallel, the cellular metabolism of the cardiac tissue, including progenitors, undergoes a glycolytic to oxidative switch that contributes to cardiac maturation. While oxidative metabolism is energy efficient, the glycolytic-hypoxic state may serve to maintain cardiac progenitor potential. Consistent with this proposal, the adult epicardium has been shown to contain a reservoir of quiescent cardiac progenitors that are activated in response to heart injury and are hypoxic by comparison to adjacent cardiac tissues. In this review, we discuss the development and potential of the adult epicardium and how this knowledge may provide future therapeutic approaches for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliqua Sayed
- Cellular, Molecular, and Physiological Mechanisms of Heart Failure, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), European Georges Pompidou Hospital (HEGP), INSERM U970, F-75737 Paris Cedex 15, Paris, France
| | - Mariana Valente
- Cellular, Molecular, and Physiological Mechanisms of Heart Failure, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), European Georges Pompidou Hospital (HEGP), INSERM U970, F-75737 Paris Cedex 15, Paris, France
| | - David Sassoon
- Cellular, Molecular, and Physiological Mechanisms of Heart Failure, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), European Georges Pompidou Hospital (HEGP), INSERM U970, F-75737 Paris Cedex 15, Paris, France
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The adult mammalian heart is incapable of meaningful functional recovery after injury, and thus promoting heart regeneration is 1 of the most important therapeutic targets in cardiovascular medicine. In contrast to the adult mammalian heart, the neonatal mammalian heart is capable of regeneration after various types of injury. Since the first report in 2011, a number of groups have reported their findings on neonatal heart regeneration. The current review provides a comprehensive analysis of heart regeneration studies in neonatal mammals conducted to date, outlines lessons learned, and poses unanswered questions. METHODS We performed a PubMed search using the keywords "neonatal" and "heart" and "regeneration." In addition, we assessed all publications that cited the first neonatal heart regeneration reports: Porrello et al, Science, Feb 2011 for apical resection injury; Porrello et al, PNAS, Dec 2012 for coronary ligation injury; and Mahmoud et al, Nature Methods, Jan 2014 for surgical methodology. Publications were examined for surgical models used, timing of surgery, and postinjury assessment including anatomic, histological, and functional assessment, as well as conclusions drawn. RESULTS We found 30 publications that performed neonatal apical resection, 19 publications that performed neonatal myocardial infarction by coronary artery ligation, and 6 publications that performed cryoinjury using liquid nitrogen-cooled metal probes. Both apical resection and ischemic infarction injury in neonatal mice result in a robust regenerative response, mediated by cardiomyocyte proliferation. On the other hand, several reports have demonstrated that cryoinjury is associated with incomplete heart regeneration in neonatal mice. Not surprisingly, several studies suggest that injury size, as well as surgical and histological techniques, can strongly influence the observed regenerative response and final conclusions. Studies have utilized these neonatal cardiac injury models to identify factors that either inhibit or stimulate heart regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Overall, there is consensus that both apical resection and coronary ligation injuries during the first 2 days of life result in heart regeneration in neonatal mammals, whereas cryoinjury was not associated with a similar regenerative response. This regenerative response is mediated by proliferation of preexisting cardiomyocytes, and is modifiable by injury size and surgical technique, as well as metabolic, immunologic, genetic, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Lam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.T.L and H.A.S.)
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.T.L and H.A.S.).,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine (H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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