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Kovuru N, Mochizuki-Kashio M, Menna T, Jeffrey G, Hong Y, Me Yoon Y, Zhang Z, Kurre P. Deregulated protein homeostasis constrains fetal hematopoietic stem cell pool expansion in Fanconi anemia. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1852. [PMID: 38424108 PMCID: PMC10904799 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Demand-adjusted and cell type specific rates of protein synthesis represent an important safeguard for fate and function of long-term hematopoietic stem cells. Here, we identify increased protein synthesis rates in the fetal hematopoietic stem cell pool at the onset of hematopoietic failure in Fanconi Anemia, a prototypical DNA repair disorder that manifests with bone marrow failure. Mechanistically, the accumulation of misfolded proteins in Fancd2-/- fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells converges on endoplasmic reticulum stress, which in turn constrains midgestational expansion. Restoration of protein folding by the chemical chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid, a hydrophilic bile salt, prevents accumulation of unfolded proteins and rescues Fancd2-/- fetal liver long-term hematopoietic stem cell numbers. We find that proteostasis deregulation itself is driven by excess sterile inflammatory activity in hematopoietic and stromal cells within the fetal liver, and dampened Type I interferon signaling similarly restores fetal Fancd2-/- long-term hematopoietic stem cells to wild type-equivalent numbers. Our study reveals the origin and pathophysiological trigger that gives rise to Fanconi anemia hematopoietic stem cell pool deficits. More broadly, we show that fetal protein homeostasis serves as a physiological rheostat for hematopoietic stem cell fate and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasaiah Kovuru
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makiko Mochizuki-Kashio
- Department of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Theresa Menna
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Greer Jeffrey
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuning Hong
- La Trobe University, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Young Me Yoon
- Committee on Immunology, Graduate Program in Biosciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Kurre
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Zhou R, Wang Q, Zeng S, Liang Y, Wang D. METTL14-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of Col17a1/Itgα6/Itgβ4 governs epidermal homeostasis. J Dermatol Sci 2023; 112:138-147. [PMID: 37951776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant and reversible modification occurring in eukaryotic mRNAs, however, its functions in mammalian epidermal development are still not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To explore the role of METTL14 (Methyltransferase like 14), one of the m6A methyltransferases, in maintaining epidermal homeostasis. METHODS We constructed mice with Mettl14-inactivation in the epidermal basal cells. The phenotype was explored by H&E staining and immunofluorescence staining. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we performed RNA-seq, Ribosome profiling and MeRIP-seq on wild-type and Mettl14-inactivation epidermal keratinocytes. Moreover, HaCaT cells were used for in vitro validation. RESULTS Inactivation of Mettl14 in murine epidermis led to transient thicker epidermis and exhaustion of the epidermal stem cell pool. Interestingly, we found that the mRNA of type XVII collagen (Col17a1), integrin β4 (Itgβ4) and α6 (Itgα6) had m6A modifications, and the proteins expression were decreased in Mettl14-inactivated epidermis. Furthermore, in epidermis-specific Mettl4-inactivated mice, the epidermis was detached from the dermis and presented a phenotype similar to junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB), which may result from hemidesmosomes damage (decrease of COL17A1, ITGB4 and ITGA6). Knockdown of Mettl14 in HaCaT cells impaired the self-renewal and decreased the protein level of COL17A1, ITGB4 and ITGA6 and Itgβ4 knockdown inhibited colony formation. CONCLUSION Our study highlighted the role of METTL14 in the maintenance of epidermal homeostasis and identified its critical role through m6A-mediated translational inhibition of Col17a1, Itgβ4 and Itgα6. Our study suggested that METTL14 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of hemidesmosomes-deficient diseases, such as JEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renpeng Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qirui Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Zeng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Liang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danru Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Shah R, van den Berk PCM, Pritchard CEJ, Song JY, Kreft M, Pilzecker B, Jacobs H. A C57BL/6J Fancg-KO Mouse Model Generated by CRISPR/Cas9 Partially Captures the Human Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11129. [PMID: 37446306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) develops due to a mutation in one of the FANC genes that are involved in the repair of interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). FANCG, a member of the FA core complex, is essential for ICL repair. Previous FANCG-deficient mouse models were generated with drug-based selection cassettes in mixed mice backgrounds, leading to a disparity in the interpretation of genotype-related phenotype. We created a Fancg-KO (KO) mouse model using CRISPR/Cas9 to exclude these confounders. The entire Fancg locus was targeted and maintained on the immunological well-characterized C57BL/6J background. The intercrossing of heterozygous mice resulted in sub-Mendelian numbers of homozygous mice, suggesting the loss of FANCG can be embryonically lethal. KO mice displayed infertility and hypogonadism, but no other developmental problems. Bone marrow analysis revealed a defect in various hematopoietic stem and progenitor subsets with a bias towards myelopoiesis. Cell lines derived from Fancg-KO mice were hypersensitive to the crosslinking agents cisplatin and Mitomycin C, and Fancg-KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) displayed increased γ-H2AX upon cisplatin treatment. The reconstitution of these MEFs with Fancg cDNA corrected for the ICL hypersensitivity. This project provides a new, genetically, and immunologically well-defined Fancg-KO mouse model for further in vivo and in vitro studies on FANCG and ICL repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Shah
- Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul C M van den Berk
- Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin E J Pritchard
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging Transgenic Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ji-Ying Song
- Department of Experimental Animal Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Kreft
- Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Pilzecker
- Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heinz Jacobs
- Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Transcription-replication conflicts in primordial germ cells necessitate the Fanconi anemia pathway to safeguard genome stability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203208119. [PMID: 35969748 PMCID: PMC9407672 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203208119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Germ cells are capable of preserving their genetic information with high fidelity. We report that rapidly dividing mouse primordial germ cells (PGCs) are faced with high levels of endogenous replication stress due to frequent occurrence of transcription–replication conflicts (TRCs). Thus, PGCs have an increased requirement for the replication-coupled Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway to counteract TRC-induced replication stress, enabling their rapid proliferation to establish a sufficient reproductive reserve. This work provides insights into the unique genome feature of developing PGCs and helps to explain the reproductive defects in FA individuals. Preserving a high degree of genome integrity and stability in germ cells is of utmost importance for reproduction and species propagation. However, the regulatory mechanisms of maintaining genome stability in the developing primordial germ cells (PGCs), in which rapid proliferation is coupled with global hypertranscription, remain largely unknown. Here, we find that mouse PGCs encounter a constitutively high frequency of transcription–replication conflicts (TRCs), which lead to R-loop accumulation and impose endogenous replication stress on PGCs. We further demonstrate that the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway is activated by TRCs and has a central role in the coordination between replication and transcription in the rapidly proliferating PGCs, as disabling the FA pathway leads to TRC and R-loop accumulation, replication fork destabilization, increased DNA damage, dramatic loss of mitotically dividing mouse PGCs, and consequent sterility of both sexes. Overall, our findings uncover the unique source and resolving mechanism of endogenous replication stress during PGC proliferation, provide a biological explanation for reproductive defects in individuals with FA, and improve our understanding of the monitoring strategies for genome stability during germ cell development.
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Animal models of Fanconi anemia: A developmental and therapeutic perspective on a multifaceted disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 113:113-131. [PMID: 33558144 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder characterized by developmental abnormalities, progressive bone marrow failure, and increased susceptibility to cancer. FA animal models have been useful to understand the pathogenesis of the disease. Herein, we review FA developmental models that have been developed to simulate human FA, focusing on zebrafish and mouse models. We summarize the recapitulated phenotypes observed in these in vivo models including bone, gametogenesis and sterility defects, as well as marrow failure. We also discuss the relevance of aldehydes in pathogenesis of FA, emphasizing on hematopoietic defects. In addition, we provide a summary of potential therapeutic agents, such as aldehyde scavengers, TGFβ inhibitors, and gene therapy for FA. The diversity of FA animal models makes them useful for understanding FA etiology and allows the discovery of new therapies.
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Mulderrig L, Garaycoechea JI. XPF-ERCC1 protects liver, kidney and blood homeostasis outside the canonical excision repair pathways. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008555. [PMID: 32271760 PMCID: PMC7144963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of the XPF-ERCC1 endonuclease causes a dramatic phenotype that results in progeroid features associated with liver, kidney and bone marrow dysfunction. As this nuclease is involved in multiple DNA repair transactions, it is plausible that this severe phenotype results from the simultaneous inactivation of both branches of nucleotide excision repair (GG- and TC-NER) and Fanconi anaemia (FA) inter-strand crosslink (ICL) repair. Here we use genetics in human cells and mice to investigate the interaction between the canonical NER and ICL repair pathways and, subsequently, how their joint inactivation phenotypically overlaps with XPF-ERCC1 deficiency. We find that cells lacking TC-NER are sensitive to crosslinking agents and that there is a genetic interaction between NER and FA in the repair of certain endogenous crosslinking agents. However, joint inactivation of GG-NER, TC-NER and FA crosslink repair cannot account for the hypersensitivity of XPF-deficient cells to classical crosslinking agents nor is it sufficient to explain the extreme phenotype of Ercc1-/- mice. These analyses indicate that XPF-ERCC1 has important functions outside of its central role in NER and FA crosslink repair which are required to prevent endogenous DNA damage. Failure to resolve such damage leads to loss of tissue homeostasis in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Mulderrig
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Juan I. Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute–KNAW, University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan, CT Utrecht, Netherlands
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Maillard L, Sanfilippo S, Domenech C, Kasmi N, Petit L, Jacques S, Delezoide AL, Guimiot F, Eladak S, Moison D, Nicolas N, Rouiller-Fabre V, Pozzi-Godin S, Mennesson B, Brival ML, Letourneur F, Jaffredo T, Chomienne C, Souyri M. CD117 hi expression identifies a human fetal hematopoietic stem cell population with high proliferation and self-renewal potential. Haematologica 2020; 105:e43-e47. [PMID: 31248971 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.207811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Maillard
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1131, Paris.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7622, Paris.,Centre National de la recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité 7622 et INSERM Unité 1156, Paris
| | - Sandra Sanfilippo
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7622, Paris.,Centre National de la recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité 7622 et INSERM Unité 1156, Paris.,present adress: Diagnostica Stago, Gennevilliers
| | - Carine Domenech
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1131, Paris.,present adress: Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Université Lyon 1, Lyon
| | - Nassima Kasmi
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1131, Paris
| | - Laurence Petit
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7622, Paris.,Centre National de la recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité 7622 et INSERM Unité 1156, Paris
| | - Sébastien Jacques
- Genomic, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris
| | - Anne-Lise Delezoide
- Service de Foetopathologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris.,present adress: Service de Foetopathologie, Hôpital Cochin-Port Royal, Paris
| | | | - Soria Eladak
- Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM), INSERM UMR 967, Laboratoire du Développement des Gonades (LDG), Fontenay-aux-Roses
| | - Delphine Moison
- Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM), INSERM UMR 967, Laboratoire du Développement des Gonades (LDG), Fontenay-aux-Roses
| | - Nour Nicolas
- Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM), INSERM UMR 967, Laboratoire du Développement des Gonades (LDG), Fontenay-aux-Roses
| | - Virginie Rouiller-Fabre
- Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM), INSERM UMR 967, Laboratoire du Développement des Gonades (LDG), Fontenay-aux-Roses
| | | | | | | | - Franck Letourneur
- Genomic, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris
| | - Thierry Jaffredo
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7622, Paris.,Centre National de la recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité 7622 et INSERM Unité 1156, Paris
| | - Christine Chomienne
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1131, Paris
| | - Michèle Souyri
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1131, Paris.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7622, Paris.,Centre National de la recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité 7622 et INSERM Unité 1156, Paris
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Duciel L, Anezo O, Mandal K, Laurent C, Planque N, Coquelle FM, Gentien D, Manneville JB, Saule S. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3 (PTP4A3/PRL-3) promotes the aggressiveness of human uveal melanoma through dephosphorylation of CRMP2. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2990. [PMID: 30816227 PMCID: PMC6395723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is an aggressive tumor in which approximately 50% of patients develop metastasis. Expression of the PTP4A3 gene, encoding a phosphatase, is predictive of poor patient survival. PTP4A3 expression in UM cells increases their migration in vitro and invasiveness in vivo. Here, we show that CRMP2 is mostly dephosphorylated on T514 in PTP4A3 expressing cells. We also demonstrate that inhibition of CRMP2 expression in UM cells expressing PTP4A3 increases their migration in vitro and invasiveness in vivo. This phenotype is accompanied by modifications of the actin microfilament network, with shortened filaments, whereas cells with a inactive mutant of the phosphatase do not show the same behavior. In addition, we showed that the cell cytoplasm becomes stiffer when CRMP2 is downregulated or PTP4A3 is expressed. Our results suggest that PTP4A3 acts upstream of CRMP2 in UM cells to enhance their migration and invasiveness and that a low level of CRMP2 in tumors is predictive of poor patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Duciel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France
| | - Océane Anezo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | | | - Nathalie Planque
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Frédéric M Coquelle
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France
| | - David Gentien
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Departement, Genomics Platform, Paris, France
| | | | - Simon Saule
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France. .,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France.
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