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Twelve New Seco-Pregnane Glycosides from Cynanchum taihangense. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175500. [PMID: 36080268 PMCID: PMC9457764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For our interest in the potential biologically active and structurally unique steroidal glycosides, continued phytochemical investigation of Cynanchum taihangense was carried out; twelve new seco-pregnane glycosides, cynataihosides I–L (1–4), M-T (7–14), and two known glycosides, glaucoside A (5) and atratcynoside F (6), were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of Cynanchum taihangense. Two new aglycones were found among compounds 10, 11, 13, and 14. The structures of the glycosides were elucidated based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, HR-ESI-MS analysis, and chemical evidence. The cytotoxicity of compounds against three human tumor cell lines (HL-60, THP-1, and PC-3) were evaluated by MTT assay. Compound 11 displayed significant cytotoxicity against THP-1 and PC-3 cell line with IC50 values of 5.08 and 22.75 μm, respectively. Compounds 3 and 14 exhibited moderate and selective cytotoxicity on HL-60 and THP-1 with IC50 values of 17.78 and 16.02 μm, respectively.
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Bailly C. Anticancer properties of caudatin and related C-21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum plants. Steroids 2021; 172:108855. [PMID: 33945800 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous C-21 steroidal glycosides have been isolated from Cynanchum plants. Many of them derive from the aglycone caudatin (CDT) which includes a tetracyclic deacylmetaplexigenin unit and an ikemaoyl ester side chain. CDT can be found in diverse traditional medicines, such as Baishouwu radix used to treat gastro-intestinal disorders. The compound has revealed marked anticancer properties, reviewed here. CDT and its mono-glycoside analogue CDMC display antiproliferative activities against different cancer cell lines in vitro and have revealed significant anticancer effects in tumor xenograft models in vivo. Their mechanism of action is multifactorial, implicating several signaling pathways (Wnt/GSK3/β-catenin, TRAIL/DR5/ER and TNFAIP1/NFκB) which contribute to the antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, antimetastatic and proapoptotic effects of the natural products. CDT also modulates DNA replication, is antioxidant and targets some cancer stem cells. CDT and CDMC are interesting anticancer products, while other CDT glycoside derivatives display antiviral and antifungal activities. Altogether, the present review provides a survey of the pharmacological profiles of CDT and derivatives. The lack of knowledge about the molecular targets of CDT currently limits drug development but the natural product, orally active, warrants further pharmacology and toxicology studies.
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Zhang D, Li J, Ruan D, Chen Z, Zhu W, Shi Y, Chen K, Li Y, Wang R. Lignans from Isatis indigotica roots and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production. Fitoterapia 2019; 137:104189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhang D, Du K, Zhao Y, Shi S, Wu Y, Jia Q, Chen K, Li Y, Wang R. Indole alkaloid glycosides from Isatis tinctoria roots. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:244-250. [PMID: 31174427 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1624960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Isatindigoside A and B (1 - 2), two new indole alkaloid glycosides along with five known ones (3 - 7) were obtained from the roots of I. tinctoria. Their structures were determined as isatindigoside A (1), isatindigoside B (2), isatindosulfonicacid A 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), indole-3-acetonitrile 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), isatindigobisindoloside A (5), isatindigobisindoloside B (6) isatindigobisindoloside F (7), by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods including 1 D, 2 D NMR, IR, HR-ESI-MS data. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities of all of the isolated compounds (1 - 7) were also evaluated. Compounds 2 and 7 showed inhibitory effects against LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values of 27.6 μM and 18.8 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Du
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitian Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yang J, Wang B, Zhang CF, Xu XH, Zhang M. A C 21-Steroidal Glycoside from Cynanchum atratum Attenuates Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061087. [PMID: 30893870 PMCID: PMC6471381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cynatratoside A (CyA) is a C21 Steroidal glycoside with pregnane skeleton isolated from the root of Cynanchum atratum Bunge (Asclepiadaceae). This study aimed to investigate the effects of CyA on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and the underlying mechanism. CyA was orally administered to mice at 10 and 40 mg/kg 8 h before and 1 h after Con A treatment. The effects of CyA on Con A-induced spleen and liver in mice were assessed via histopathological changes, T lymphocyte amounts and the expressions of IL-1β and ICAM-1. Con A-induced L-02 hepatocytes were used to evaluate whether CyA (0.1–10 μM) can directly protect hepatocytes from cytotoxicity and the possible mechanism. The results revealed that CyA treatment could significantly improve the histopathological changes of spleen and liver, reduce the proliferation of splenic T lymphocytes, and decrease the expressions of IL-1β and ICAM-1 in liver. The experiment in vitro showed that CyA inhibited Con A-induced hepatotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. CyA (10 μM) significantly increased/decreased the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and reduced the levels of cleaved caspases-9 and -3. Our study demonstrated for the first time that CyA has a significant protective effect on Con A-induced AIH by inhibiting the activation and adhesion of T lymphocytes and blocking hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Chao-Feng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Xiang-Hong Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Mian Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Han L, Zhou X, Yang M, Zhou L, Deng X, Wei S, Wang W, Wang Z, Qiao X, Bai C. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects of Plants in Genus Cynanchum Linn. (Asclepiadaceae). Molecules 2018; 23:E1194. [PMID: 29772722 PMCID: PMC6099929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genus Cynanchum L. belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, which comprise more than 200 species distributed worldwide. In Chinese medical practice, numerous drugs (such as tablets and powders) containing different parts of plants of this genus are used to treat snake bites, bruises, osteoblasts, rheumatoid arthritis and tumors. A search for original articles published on the cynanchum genus was performed by using several resources, including Flora of China Official Website and various scientific databases, such as PubMed, SciFinder, the Web of Science, Science Direct, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI). Advances in the botanical, ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological studies of this genus are reviewed in this paper. Results showed that more than 440 compounds, including C21 steroids, steroidal saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and terpene, have been isolated and identified from Cynanchum plants up to now. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that plants possess an array of biological activities, including anti-tumor, neuroprotective and anti-fungal effects. Popular traditional prescription of Cynanchum sp. was also summed up in this paper. However, many Cynanchum species have received little or no attention. Moreover, few reports on the clinical use and toxic effects of Cynanchum sp. are available. Further attention should be focused on the study of these species to gather information on their respective toxicology data and relevant quality-control measures and clinical value of the crude extracts, active compounds, and bioactive metabolites from this genus. Further research on Cynanchum sp. should be conducted, and bioactivity-guided isolation strategies should be emphasized. In addition, systematic studies of the chemical composition of plants should be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xinxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Shijie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Wenping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Zhizhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xue Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Changcai Bai
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Wang YB, Su SS, Chen SF, Tang MX, Chen G, Zhao D, Sang XN, Si YY, Wang HF, Pei YH. C 21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum taihangense. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:263-269. [PMID: 28537086 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1329302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two new C21 steroidal glycosides, cynataihosides E (1) and F (2), together with a known one, sublanceoside H2 (3), were isolated from Cynanchum taihangense. The aglycone of cynataihoside F (2) was also a new compound. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data, HR-ESI-MS analysis, and chemical evidence. Their cytotoxic activities against three human tumor cell lines (HL-60, THP1, and Caco2) were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Wang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- c School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University , Jinzhou 121001 , China
| | - Shan-Shan Su
- d Testing Laboratory , Qinghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau , Xining 810000 , China
| | - Shao-Fei Chen
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Ming-Xu Tang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Gang Chen
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Dan Zhao
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Xia-Nan Sang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Ying-Ying Si
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yue-Hu Pei
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery , Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
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