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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Yan C, Li J, Zhang P, Liu R, He J, Chang YX. A review of the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Cynanchumatratum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114748. [PMID: 34662666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The dried roots and rhizomes of Cynanchum atratum Bunge is named 'Baiwei' according to traditional Chinese medicine theory. It is also named Cynanchi atrati Radix in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Cynanchi atrati Radix is famous for its medicinal value of clearing away heat, relieving drenching, detoxifying and treating abscesses. It was commonly used in some Asian countries for the treatment of fever, vasoconstrictive syncope, lymphangitis and other diseases, obviously due to the effect of C21 steroidal glycosides. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW The review concentrates on the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Cynanchum atratum. We also discuss expectations for prospective research and implementation of this herb. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information about C. atratum was gained from ancient books and records, Doctoral and master's Theses, Science Direct, Pubmed, Wiley, CNKI, WanFang DATA, Google Scholar and other domestic and foreign literature. Some electronic databases have been included. RESULTS As a member of the Apocynaceae family, C. atratum possesses its up-and-coming biological characteristics. It is widely reported for treating of postpartum fatigue, vomiting, urine drops, nephritis, urinary tract infection, edema, bronchitis and rheumatic low back pain. By now, over 100 compounds have been identified from C. atratum, including C21 steroidal glycosides, acetophenones, alkaloids, volatile oil and other ingredients. Activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-virus, antibacterial, anti-forgetful and others have been corroborated in vivo and in vitro. In addition, many of the active ingredients, such as Cynatratoside A, Cynanversicoside A, B, D, G, p-hydroxyacetophenone, 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone and some volatile oils have been used as quality markers. CONCLUSION All kinds of research conducted on C.atratum, especially in field of ethnopharmacological use, phytochemicals and pharmacology have been reviewed. The herb has been used over the years in treating nephritis, urinary tract infection, bronchitis and rheumatic lumbocrural pain. Many studies have been carried out to identify compounds that play a leading role in drug activity. However, the mechanism of drug therapy remains unclear. The evidence used to prove the quality standard of medicinal materials is obviously inadequate. Besides, safety evaluation is necessary for clinical medication. Similarly, the separation of steroidal saponins and the development of new drugs will also need further discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratories of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuqiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratories of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chaozhuo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratories of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratories of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan-Xu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratories of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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An PP, Cui YS, Shi QY, Ren YH, Wu PQ, Liu QF, Liu HC, Zhou B, Yue JM. Pregnane steroids from the twigs and leaves of Strophanthus divaricatus and their cytotoxic activities. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Li XS, Chen TJ, Xu ZP, Long J, He MY, Zhan HH, Zhuang HC, Wang QL, Liu L, Yang XM, Tang JS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3β-O-neoglycosides of caudatin and its analogues as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 54:116581. [PMID: 34968813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In order to study the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of C21-steroidal glycosides toward human cancer cell lines and explore more potential anticancer agents, a series of 3β-O-neoglycosides of caudatin and its analogues were synthesized. The results revealed that most of peracetylated 3β-O-monoglycosides demonstrated moderate to significant antiproliferative activities against four human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HCT-116, HeLa, and HepG2). Among them, 3β-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-β-L-glucopyranosyl)-caudatin (2k) exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity aganist HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 3.11 μM. Mechanical studies showed that compound 2k induced both apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase in a dose dependent manner. Overall, these present findings suggested that glycosylation is a promising scaffold to improve anticancer activity for naturally occurring C21-steroidal aglycones, and compound 2k represents a potential anticancer agent deserved further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-San Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China; Guangdong Zhanjiang Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Zhanjiang 524023, PR China
| | - Tang-Ji Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Zhi-Peng Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Juan Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Miao-Ying He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - He-Hui Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Hai-Cai Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Qi-Lin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China.
| | - Xue-Mei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials, Dongguan, 523808, PR China.
| | - Jin-Shan Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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Moses LB, Abu Bakar MF, Mamat H, Aziz ZA. Unfermented Freeze-Dried Leaf Extract of Tongkat Ali ( Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:8811236. [PMID: 33603822 PMCID: PMC7868152 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8811236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the cytotoxicity effect of Eurycoma longifolia (Jack.) leaf extracts and also its possible anticancer mechanism of action against breast cancer cell lines: non-hormone-dependent MDA-MB-231 and hormone-dependent MCF-7. The leaves of E. longifolia were processed into unfermented and fermented batches before drying using freeze and microwave-oven drying techniques. Obtained extracts were tested for cytotoxicity effect using MTT assay and phenolic determination using HPLC-DAD technique. The most toxic sample was analyzed for its apoptotic cell quantification, cell cycle distribution, and the expression of caspases and apoptotic protein using flow cytometry technique. Fragmentation of DNA was tested using an agarose gel electrophoresis system. The results determined that the unfermented freeze-dried leaf extract was the most toxic towards MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. This extract contains the highest phenolics of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, ECG, and EGCG. The DNA fragmentation was observed in both cell lines, where cell cycle was arrested at the G 2/M phase in MCF-7 cells and S phase in MDA-MB-231 cells. The number of apoptotic cells for MDA-MB-231 was increased when the treatment was prolonged from 24 h to 48 h but slightly decreased at 72 h, whereas apoptosis in MCF-7 cells occurred in a time-dependent manner. There were significant activities of cytochrome c, caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 apoptotic protein in MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas MCF-7 cells showed significant activities for caspase-8, cytochrome c, Bax, p53, and Bcl-2 apoptotic protein. These results indicate the ability of unfermented freeze-dried leaf extract of E. longifolia to induce apoptosis cell death on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, as well as real evidence on sample preparation effect towards its cytotoxicity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusia Barek Moses
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Campus, Hub Pendidikan Tinggi Pagoh, KM1, Jalan Panchor, 84600, Muar, Johor, Malaysia
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Campus, Hub Pendidikan Tinggi Pagoh, KM1, Jalan Panchor, 84600, Muar, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hasmadi Mamat
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88400, Malaysia
| | - Zaleha Abdul Aziz
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88400, Malaysia
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Ge YX, Wang YH, Zhang J, Yu ZP, Mu X, Song JL, Wang YY, Yang F, Meng N, Jiang CS, Zhang H. New cinnamic acid-pregenolone hybrids as potential antiproliferative agents: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Steroids 2019; 152:108499. [PMID: 31536733 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of new cinnamic acid-pregenolone hybrids (5a-5o) was designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity. Some of them showed potential antiproliferative activity and selectivity towards a panel of cancer cell lines, including A549, H157, HepG2, MCF-7, and HL-60. Among these analogs, compound 5f showed the most promising activity with IC50 values ranging from 3.2 to 6.8 μM, and it was taken as a model compound in the following antiproliferative mechanism study. In Hoechst 33258 staining assay, 5f-treated A549 cells displayed significant apoptosis characteristics. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that 5f showed the antiproliferative activity against A549 via G1 cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that 5f enhanced apoptosis of A549 cells by down-regulating Bcl-2 and up-regulating Bax protein expression. The present study highlighted this series of cinnamic acid-pregenolone hybrids as a new antiproliferative lead prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xi Ge
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yan-Hong Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Zhi-Pu Yu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin Mu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jia-Li Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yin-Yin Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Xin Z, OuYang Q, Wan C, Che J, Li L, Chen J, Tao N. Isolation of antofine from Cynanchum atratum BUNGE (Asclepiadaceae) and its antifungal activity against Penicillium digitatum. POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2019.110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Niu Y, Xia X, Song P, Fang H, Dong F, Tao H, Yang C, Shen C. Bone mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium attenuates the effect of oxidative stress injury on NSCs by inhibiting the Notch1 signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1267-1275. [PMID: 30839137 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effect of bone mesenchymal stem cells on spinal cord injury (SCI), especially on neural stem cells (NSCs). However, the predominant mechanisms of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are unclear. Recently, some researchers have found that paracrine signaling plays a key role in the therapeutic capacity of BMSCs and emphasized that the protective effect of BMSCs may be due to paracrine factors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of BMSCs to protect NSCs. NSCs were identified by immunocytochemistry. The oxidative stress environment was simulated by H2 O2 (50, 100, 200 μM) for 2 h. The apoptotic rate of the NSCs was detected via flow cytometry. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were evaluated via corresponding assay kits. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Notch1, HES1, caspase-3, cleave caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2. We found that H2 O2 could significantly induce the apoptosis of NSCs, increase LDH, MDA levels, and decrease SOD activity by activating the Notch1 signaling pathway. DAPT (the specific blocker of Notch1) and BMSC-conditioned medium (BMSC-CM) could significantly prevent the apoptotic effect and oxidative stress injury on NSCs that were treated with H2 O2 . We also revealed that BMSC-CM could decrease the expression of Notch1, Hes1, cleave caspase-3, Bax, and increases the expression of Bcl-2 in NSCs, which was induced by H2 O2 . These results have revealed that BMSC-CM can neutralize the effect against oxidative stress injury on the apoptosis of NSCs by inhibiting the Notch1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Niu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, China
| | - Xiang Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LUAN Affiliated Houspital of AnHui Medical University, No. 21 Wanxi Road, Jinan District, Luan, Anhui Province, 237005, China
| | - PeiWen Song
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, China
| | - Huang Fang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, China
| | - FuLong Dong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department Emergency Surgery, ANHUI No. 2 Provincial People's Housptial, No.1868 Tangshan Road, Luyang District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230001, China
| | - CaiLiang Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, China
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BW18, a C-21 steroidal glycoside, exerts an excellent anti-leukemia activity through inducing S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via MAPK pathway in K562 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Yang J, Wang B, Zhang CF, Xu XH, Zhang M. A C 21-Steroidal Glycoside from Cynanchum atratum Attenuates Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061087. [PMID: 30893870 PMCID: PMC6471381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cynatratoside A (CyA) is a C21 Steroidal glycoside with pregnane skeleton isolated from the root of Cynanchum atratum Bunge (Asclepiadaceae). This study aimed to investigate the effects of CyA on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and the underlying mechanism. CyA was orally administered to mice at 10 and 40 mg/kg 8 h before and 1 h after Con A treatment. The effects of CyA on Con A-induced spleen and liver in mice were assessed via histopathological changes, T lymphocyte amounts and the expressions of IL-1β and ICAM-1. Con A-induced L-02 hepatocytes were used to evaluate whether CyA (0.1–10 μM) can directly protect hepatocytes from cytotoxicity and the possible mechanism. The results revealed that CyA treatment could significantly improve the histopathological changes of spleen and liver, reduce the proliferation of splenic T lymphocytes, and decrease the expressions of IL-1β and ICAM-1 in liver. The experiment in vitro showed that CyA inhibited Con A-induced hepatotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. CyA (10 μM) significantly increased/decreased the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and reduced the levels of cleaved caspases-9 and -3. Our study demonstrated for the first time that CyA has a significant protective effect on Con A-induced AIH by inhibiting the activation and adhesion of T lymphocytes and blocking hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Chao-Feng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Xiang-Hong Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Mian Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Zhu W, Su S, Xu Y, Xie Z, Bai Y, Liu W, Abe M, Akihisa T, Feng F, Zhang J. C 21 steroids from Streptocaulon juventas (Lour) Merr. induce apoptosis in HepG2. Steroids 2018; 140:167-172. [PMID: 30296543 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Three new C21 steroids, i.e., (3β,17α,20S)-pregn-5(6)-ene-3, 17, 20-triol-3-O-β-d-digitalopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-digitalopyranoside (4), (3β,17α,20S)-pregn-5(6)-ene-3, 17, 20-triol-20-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-digital-opyranoside (8), (3β, 20R)-pregn-14(15)-ene-3, 20, 21-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopy-ranoside (10), along with ten known C21 steroids were isolated from Streptocaulon juventas. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, mass spectrometry as well as comparison with the literature. All the isolated compounds were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity against human liver cancer cells (HepG2) and the structure-activity relationships were also analyzed. Moreover, compounds 1-3, 5, 10-12, which displayed cytotoxic activities in HepG2 cells, were tested for the selective index (SI) by the ratio of cytotoxic effect on human hepatocytes (LO2) to that on HepG2. As a result, new compound 10 exhibited a good inhibitory activity against HepG2 with IC50 value 11.7 μM as well as high SI value 3.5. Furthermore, compound 10 could induce HepG2 cells apoptosis by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfang Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shengzhi Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yunhui Xu
- Marshall University, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Weisberg Engn Complex, RM 4117, 1628 Third Ave, Huntington, WV 25703, USA
| | - Zijian Xie
- Marshall University, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Weisberg Engn Complex, RM 4117, 1628 Third Ave, Huntington, WV 25703, USA
| | - Yidan Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Masahiko Abe
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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11
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Han L, Zhou X, Yang M, Zhou L, Deng X, Wei S, Wang W, Wang Z, Qiao X, Bai C. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects of Plants in Genus Cynanchum Linn. (Asclepiadaceae). Molecules 2018; 23:E1194. [PMID: 29772722 PMCID: PMC6099929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genus Cynanchum L. belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, which comprise more than 200 species distributed worldwide. In Chinese medical practice, numerous drugs (such as tablets and powders) containing different parts of plants of this genus are used to treat snake bites, bruises, osteoblasts, rheumatoid arthritis and tumors. A search for original articles published on the cynanchum genus was performed by using several resources, including Flora of China Official Website and various scientific databases, such as PubMed, SciFinder, the Web of Science, Science Direct, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI). Advances in the botanical, ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological studies of this genus are reviewed in this paper. Results showed that more than 440 compounds, including C21 steroids, steroidal saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and terpene, have been isolated and identified from Cynanchum plants up to now. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that plants possess an array of biological activities, including anti-tumor, neuroprotective and anti-fungal effects. Popular traditional prescription of Cynanchum sp. was also summed up in this paper. However, many Cynanchum species have received little or no attention. Moreover, few reports on the clinical use and toxic effects of Cynanchum sp. are available. Further attention should be focused on the study of these species to gather information on their respective toxicology data and relevant quality-control measures and clinical value of the crude extracts, active compounds, and bioactive metabolites from this genus. Further research on Cynanchum sp. should be conducted, and bioactivity-guided isolation strategies should be emphasized. In addition, systematic studies of the chemical composition of plants should be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xinxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Shijie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Wenping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Zhizhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xue Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Changcai Bai
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Jin Q, Han XH, Yun CY, Lee C, Lee JW, Lee D, Lee MK, Jung SH, Hong JT, Kim Y, Hwang BY. Melanogenesis inhibitory pregnane glycosides from Cynanchum atratum. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018. [PMID: 29526485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract from the roots of Cynanchum atratum has resulted in the isolation of three new pregnane glycosides (1-3) along with four known compounds (4-7). Their structures were identified by analysis of the spectroscopic data including extensive 2D NMR. All of the isolates were evaluated for their potential to inhibit the melanin production in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-activated B16 melanoma cells. Of these, compounds 4-7 dose-dependently inhibited the melanin production with the IC50 values ranging from 4 μM to 33 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang Hua Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong-Yong Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea.
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