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Yin L, Gao M, Xu L, Qi Y, Han L, Peng J. Single-cell analysis of cellular heterogeneity and interactions in the ischemia-reperfusion injured mouse intestine. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:760-775. [PMID: 37577387 PMCID: PMC10422115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nine major cell populations among 46,716 cells were identified in mouse intestinal ischemia‒reperfusion (II/R) injury by single-cell RNA sequencing. For enterocyte cells, 11 subclusters were found, in which enterocyte cluster 1 (EC1), enterocyte cluster 3 (EC3), and enterocyte cluster 8 (EC8) were newly discovered cells in ischemia 45 min/reperfusion 720 min (I 45 min/R 720 min) group. EC1 and EC3 played roles in digestion and absorption, and EC8 played a role in cell junctions. For TA cells, after ischemia 45 min/reperfusion 90 min (I 45 min/R 90 min), many TA cells at the stage of proliferation were identified. For Paneth cells, Paneth cluster 3 was observed in the resting state of normal jejunum. After I 45 min/R 90 min, three new subsets were found, in which Paneth cluster 1 had good antigen presentation activity. The main functions of goblet cells were to synthesize and secrete mucus, and a novel subcluster (goblet cluster 5) with highly proliferative ability was discovered in I 45 min/R 90 min group. As a major part of immune system, the changes in T cells with important roles were clarified. Notably, enterocyte cells secreted Guca2b to interact with Gucy2c receptor on the membranes of stem cells, TA cells, Paneth cells, and goblet cells to elicit intercellular communication. One marker known as glutathione S-transferase mu 3 (GSTM3) affected intestinal mucosal barrier function by adjusting mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling during II/R injury. The data on the heterogeneity of intestinal cells, cellular communication and the mechanism of GSTM3 provide a cellular basis for treating II/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhong Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Meng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Lina Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Yan Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Lan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
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Abreu MS, Tannuri ACA, Rodrigues RFG, Silva RJD, Gonçalves JDO, Serafini S, Tannuri U. Effects of local and remote ischemic postconditioning methods on ischemiareperfusion injury in a young animal model of acute mesenteric ischemia. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e381323. [PMID: 37283357 DOI: 10.1590/acb381323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a condition in pediatric surgery that ranges from intestine necrosis to death. Ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) methods were developed to reduce the damage caused by revascularization. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these methods in an experimental weaning rat model. METHODS Thirty-two 21-day-old Wistar rats were allocated into four groups according to the surgical procedure performed: control, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), local (LIPoC) and remote IPoC (RIPoC). At euthanasia, fragments of the intestine, liver, lungs, and kidneys were submitted to histological, histomorphometric, and molecular analyses. RESULTS In the duodenum, intestines, and kidneys histological alterations promoted by IRI were reversed by remote postconditioning method. In the distal ileum, the histomorphometric alterations could be reversed by the postconditioning methods with more evident effects promoted by the remote method. The molecular analysis found that the levels of expression of Bax (proapoptotic) and Bcl-XL (antiapoptotic) genes in the intestine were increased by IRI. These alterations were equally reversed by the postconditioning methods, with more evident effects of the remote method. CONCLUSIONS IPoC methods positively reduced the damage caused by IRI in weaning rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Souza Abreu
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Medicina - Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Aoun Tannuri
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Medicina - Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Rafael José da Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Medicina - Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Suellen Serafini
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Medicina - Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Uenis Tannuri
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Medicina - Divisão de Cirurgia Pediátrica - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
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Data-Independent Acquisition-Based Mass Spectrometry (DIA-MS) for Quantitative Analysis of Human Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4156-4168. [PMID: 35666382 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R) injury is a complex pathologic process, which is of great significance to unravel the underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology. Our study represented a comprehensive proteomic analysis in the human intestine with ischemia-reperfusion injury. The proteomics analysis measured a total of 5,230 proteins, and 417 differently expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between II/R and control samples. GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that the 290 upregulated DEPs in II/R were significantly involved in immune-related biological process and tight junction, focal adhesion, and cAMP signaling pathway, whereas the 127 downregulated DEPs in II/R were enriched in lipid metabolic process and metabolic pathway. Furthermore, we screened out 20 hub proteins from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network according to the degree of connectivity, and six clusters were identified. Combined with the result of KEGG analysis, 6 from the 20 hub proteins, ACTB, CAV1, FLNA, MYLK, ACTN1, and MYL9, were identified as the key proteins in the progress of II/R injury. According to the previous studies, FLNA and MYL9 were selected as the novel disease-related proteins for the first time. In conclusion, this study extended our understanding of the alteration in the human intestine during ischemia and reperfusion and highlighted the potential role of FLNA and MYL9 in the progress of II/R injury, which need to be further studied.
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Preoperative fasting confers protection against intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury by modulating gut microbiota and their metabolites in a mouse model. Br J Anaesth 2021; 128:501-512. [PMID: 34930601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a grave surgical event with high morbidity and mortality. Preoperative fasting might confer protection against intestinal I/R injury by altering the composition of gut microbiota and their respective metabolites. METHODS An intestinal I/R mouse model was established and subjected to preoperative fasting for 24 h or fed ad libitum. Intestinal I/R injury was assessed using histological examination and survival analysis. Faecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis. Faecal transplantation of fasted and non-fasted mice and humans was conducted to evaluate the effects of gut microbiota on intestinal I/R. Murine small intestinal cells wecre subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation as an in vitro I/R model. RESULTS Preoperative fasting protected against intestinal I/R injury and improved survival in mice (P<0.001). In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that preoperative fasting increased the diversity and restructured the composition of the gut microbiota after intestinal I/R. Mice that received microbiota from fasted mice and humans showed less intestinal damage than those that received microbiota from fed subjects. Metabolomic analysis showed that the profiles of gut microbial metabolites differed between fasted and fed groups. Specifically, the concentration of petroselinic acid was significantly higher in the fasted group (P=0.009). Treatment of intestinal I/R mice with petroselinic acid alleviated intestinal injury in vivo and decreased cell apoptosis by mediating AMP-activated protein kinase-mammalian target of rapamycin-P70S6K signaling in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative fasting protected against intestinal I/R injury by modulating gut microbiota and petroselinic acid, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Zhang YN, Chang ZN, Liu ZM, Wen SH, Zhan YQ, Lai HJ, Zhang HF, Guo Y, Zhang XY. Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Gut-Vascular Barrier Damage and Distant Hepatic Injury Following Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Anesth Analg 2021; 134:419-431. [PMID: 34889823 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000005810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) challenge often results in gut barrier dysfunction and induces distant organ injury. Dexmedetomidine has been shown to protect intestinal epithelial barrier against I/R attack. The present study aims to investigate the degree to which intestinal I/R attack will contribute to gut-vascular barrier (GVB) damage, and to examine the ability of dexmedetomidine to minimize GVB and liver injuries in mice. METHODS In vivo, intestinal ischemic challenge was induced in mice by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 minutes. After clamping, the mice were subjected to reperfusion for either 2, 4, 6, or 12 hours. Intraperitoneal injection of dexmedetomidine 15, 20, or 25 μg·kg-1 was performed intermittently at the phase of reperfusion. For the in vitro experiments, the challenge of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was established in cultured vascular endothelial cells, and dexmedetomidine (1 nM) was used to treat the cells for 24 hours. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro, SKL2001 (a specific agonist of β-catenin) or XAV939 (a specific inhibitor of β-catenin) was applied to determine the role of β-catenin in the impacts provided by dexmedetomidine. RESULTS The attack of intestinal I/R induced GVB damage. The greatest level of damage was observed at 4 hours after intestinal reperfusion. There was a significant increase in plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein-1 (PV1, a specific biomarker for endothelial permeability) expression (5.477 ± 0.718 vs 1.000 ± 0.149; P < .001), and increased translocation of intestinal macromolecules and bacteria to blood and liver tissues was detected (all P < .001). Liver damages were observed. There were significant increases in histopathological scores, serum parameters, and inflammatory factors (all P < .001). Dexmedetomidine 20 μg·kg-1 reduced PV1 expression (0.466 ± 0.072 vs 1.000 ± 0.098; P < .001) and subsequent liver damages (all P < .01). In vitro, dexmedetomidine significantly improved vascular endothelial cell survival (79.387 ± 6.447% vs 50.535 ± 1.766%; P < .001) and increased the productions of tight junction protein and adherent junction protein (all P < .01) following OGD/R. Importantly, in cultured cells and in mice, β-catenin expression significantly decreased (both P < .001) following challenge. Dexmedetomidine or SKL2001 upregulated β-catenin expression and produced protective effects (all P < .01). However, XAV939 completely eliminated the protective effects of dexmedetomidine on GVB (all P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The disruption of GVB occurred following intestinal I/R. Dexmedetomidine alleviated I/R-induced GVB impairment and subsequent liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ze-Nan Chang
- Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Meng Liu
- Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Han-Jin Lai
- Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yi Guo
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology
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Verhaar N, Breves G, Hewicker-Trautwein M, Pfarrer C, Rohn K, Burmester M, Schnepel N, Neudeck S, Twele L, Kästner S. The effect of ischaemic postconditioning on mucosal integrity and function in equine jejunal ischaemia. Equine Vet J 2021; 54:427-437. [PMID: 34003501 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischaemic postconditioning (IPoC) has been shown to ameliorate ischaemia reperfusion injury in different species and tissues. OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of IPoC in equine small intestinal ischaemia and to assess its effect on histomorphology, electrophysiology and paracellular permeability. STUDY DESIGN Randomised in vivo experiment. METHODS Experimental jejunal ischaemia was induced for 90 min in horses under general anaesthesia. In the control group (C; n = 7), the jejunum was reperfused without further intervention. In the postconditioning group (IPoC; n = 7), reocclusion was implemented following release of ischaemia by clamping the mesenteric vessels in three cycles of 30 seconds. This was followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion in both groups. Intestinal microperfusion and oxygenation was measured during IPoC using spectrophotometry and Doppler flowmetry. Histomorphology and histomorphometry of the intestinal mucosa were assessed. Furthermore, electrophysiological variables and unidirectional flux rates of 3 H-mannitol were determined in Ussing chambers. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the tight junction protein levels of claudin-1, claudin-2 and occludin in the intestinal mucosa. Comparisons between the groups and time points were performed using a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) or non-parametric statistical tests for the ordinal and not normally distributed data (significance P < .05). RESULTS IPoC significantly reduced intestinal microperfusion during all clamping cycles yet affected oxygen saturation only during the first cycle. After reperfusion, Group IPoC showed significantly less mucosal villus denudation (mean difference 21.5%, P = .02) and decreased mucosal-to-serosal flux rates (mean difference 15.2 nM/cm2 /h, P = .007) compared to Group C. There were no significant differences between the groups for the other tested variables. MAIN LIMITATIONS Small sample size, long-term effects were not investigated. CONCLUSIONS Following IPoC, the intestinal mucosa demonstrated significantly less villus denudation and paracellular permeability compared to the untreated control group, possibly indicating a protective effect of IPoC on ischaemia reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Verhaar
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerhard Breves
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Christiane Pfarrer
- Institute for Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karl Rohn
- Institute for Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Burmester
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadine Schnepel
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Neudeck
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lara Twele
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Kästner
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Verhaar N, de Buhr N, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, Hewicker-Trautwein M, Pfarrer C, Mazzuoli-Weber G, Schulte H, Kästner S. Ischaemic postconditioning reduces apoptosis in experimental jejunal ischaemia in horses. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:175. [PMID: 33902575 PMCID: PMC8077964 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischaemic postconditioning (IPoC) refers to brief periods of reocclusion of blood supply following an ischaemic event. This has been shown to ameliorate ischaemia reperfusion injury in different tissues, and it may represent a feasible therapeutic strategy for ischaemia reperfusion injury following strangulating small intestinal lesions in horses. The objective of this study was to assess the degree cell death, inflammation, oxidative stress, and heat shock response in an equine experimental jejunal ischaemia model with and without IPoC. METHODS In this randomized, controlled, experimental in vivo study, 14 horses were evenly assigned to a control group and a group subjected to IPoC. Under general anaesthesia, segmental ischaemia with arterial and venous occlusion was induced in 1.5 m jejunum. Following ischaemia, the mesenteric vessels were repeatedly re-occluded in group IPoC only. Full thickness intestinal samples and blood samples were taken at the end of the pre-ischaemia period, after ischaemia, and after 120 min of reperfusion. Immunohistochemical staining or enzymatic assays were performed to determine the selected variables. RESULTS The mucosal cleaved-caspase-3 and TUNEL cell counts were significantly increased after reperfusion in the control group only. The cleaved-caspase-3 cell count was significantly lower in group IPoC after reperfusion compared to the control group. After reperfusion, the tissue myeloperoxidase activity and the calprotectin positive cell counts in the mucosa were increased in both groups, and only group IPoC showed a significant increase in the serosa. Tissue malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase as well as blood lactate levels showed significant progression during ischaemia or reperfusion. The nuclear immunoreactivity of Heat shock protein-70 increased significantly during reperfusion. None of these variables differed between the groups. The neuronal cell counts in the myenteric plexus ganglia were not affected by the ischaemia model. CONCLUSIONS A reduced apoptotic cell count was found in the group subjected to IPoC. None of the other tested variables were significantly affected by IPoC. Therefore, the clinical relevance and possible protective mechanism of IPoC in equine intestinal ischaemia remains unclear. Further research on the mechanism of action and its effect in clinical cases of strangulating colic is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Verhaar
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nicole de Buhr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Christiane Pfarrer
- Institute for Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henri Schulte
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Kästner
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Intestinal ischemic reperfusion injury: Recommended rats model and comprehensive review for protective strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111482. [PMID: 33740527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemic reperfusion injury (IIRI) is a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality in the clinic. IIRI was induced by intestinal ischemic diseases such as, small bowel transplantation, aortic aneurysm surgery, and strangulated hernias. Although related mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, during the last decade, researches have demonstrated that many factors are crucial in the pathological process, including oxidative stress (OS), epithelial barrier function disorder, and so on. Rats model, as the most applied animal IIRI model, provides specific targets for researches and therapeutic strategies. Moreover, various treatment strategies such as, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inflammation, have shown promising effects in alleviating IIRI. However, current researches cannot solve the clinical problems of IIRI, and specific treatment strategies are still needed to be exploited. This review focuses on a recommended experimental IIRI rat model and understanding of the involved mechanisms such as, OS, gut bacteria translocation, apoptosis, and necroptosis, aim at providing novel ideas for therapeutic strategies of IIRI.
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Xu M, Yang Y, Deng QW, Shen JT, Liu WF, Yang WJ, Liu KX. Microarray Profiling and Functional Identification of LncRNA in Mice Intestinal Mucosa Following Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion. J Surg Res 2021; 258:389-404. [PMID: 33109405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical event with high mortality, but its mechanism is elusive. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as critical molecules in I/R damage in other organs, the changes in their expression and potential roles in intestinal I/R remain unclear. METHODS The expression profiles of both lncRNAs and mRNAs in mouse intestinal mucosa after intestinal I/R were explored by a microarray approach, and their biological functions were elucidated by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Then, some lncRNAs were further verified by qRT-PCR. Based on the coding-noncoding gene coexpression (CNC) network analyses, the role of lncRNA AK089510 in intestinal I/R-induced intestinal mucosa apoptosis was investigated by knockdown assay in vitro. RESULTS A total of 3602 aberrantly expressed lncRNAs (1503 upregulated and 2099 downregulated) and 3158 mRNAs (1528 upregulated and 1630 downregulated) were identified. The dysregulated transcripts were enriched in the lipid metabolic process, apoptotic process, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, MAPK, TNF, ErbB, mTOR, and FoxO signaling pathways, and so on. The overexpression of lncRNA AK089510 was validated by qRT-PCR, and the CNC analysis revealed its target mRNAs. AK089510-siRNA reduced Casp6 and Casp7 expression and suppressed intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis after oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed the lncRNA and mRNA expression patterns in mouse intestinal mucosa after intestinal I/R and predicted their potential functions and pathways. We identified AK089510 as a novel lncRNA involved in the apoptosis of intestinal mucosa, advancing our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People'(')s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Wen Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Tong Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Feng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Ucar BI, Erikci A, Kosemehmetoglu K, Ozkul C, Iskit AB, Ucar G, Zeren S. Effects of endothelin receptor blockade and COX inhibition on intestinal I/R injury in a rat model: Experimental research. Int J Surg 2020; 83:89-97. [PMID: 32947061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia is a highly morbid and mortal condition with no specific treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition synchronized with nitric oxide (NO) release and endothelin (ET) receptor blockade on oxidative stress, inflammation, vasoconstriction, and bacterial translocation which occur during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in in-vivo rat intestinal I/R model. MATERIALS AND METHODS 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6). Superior mesenteric artery blood flow (SMABF) was recorded; SMA was occluded for 30 min; SMABF was re-recorded at the beginning of the reperfusion phase. Rats were sacrificed after the reperfusion period of 60 min. Blood and tissue samples were obtained. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), NO-ASA, flurbiprofen (FLUR), and Tezosentan (TS) were administered 15 min after ischemia. Histopathological examination, bacterial translocation, and biochemical analysis were performed in plasma and tissue samples. RESULTS SMABF difference, mean Chiu's score and bacterial translocation were increased in the I/R group and decreased in the treatment groups. Plasma LDH, transaminases, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), TNF-α, ICAM-1, interferon-gamma (IFN-Ɣ) and proinflammatory cytokine panel; tissue lipid peroxidation, MPO, xanthine oxidase (XO), NO, NF-kB levels and the expression of TNF-α were significantly elevated in the I/R group and markedly decreased in the treatment groups. The tissue antioxidant status was decreased in the I/R group and increased in the treatment groups. CONCLUSION It is suggested that NO-ASA, TS, and FLUR can be introduced as promising therapeutics to improve intestinal I/R injury. INSTITUTIONAL PROTOCOL NO 2018-29-05 (Animal Experimentations Ethics Committee, Hacettepe University).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bercis Imge Ucar
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey.
| | - Acelya Erikci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kemal Kosemehmetoglu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ceren Ozkul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alper Bektas Iskit
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulberk Ucar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Zeren
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
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Feng D, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Li Y, Liu D, Chen Z, Ning S, Hu Y, Yao J, Tian X. circ-PRKCB acts as a ceRNA to regulate p66Shc-mediated oxidative stress in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Theranostics 2020; 10:10680-10696. [PMID: 32929374 PMCID: PMC7482802 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress has emerged as an essential factor in the pathogenesis of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The adaptor protein p66Shc is a key regulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and a mediator of I/R damage in the intestine, but the upstream mechanisms that directly regulate p66Shc expression during intestinal I/R remain largely unknown. Recent studies have suggested that noncoding RNAs, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), are important players in physiological and pathological processes based on their versatile regulatory roles in gene expression. The aim of this study was to elucidate the contribution of p66Shc to oxidative damage in intestinal I/R and to investigate the regulation of p66Shc by circRNA sponges. Methods: Intestinal I/R was induced in mice via superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion. A miR-339-5p agomir or circ-protein kinase C beta (PRKCB) siRNA was injected intravenously before I/R challenge. In addition, Caco-2 cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro to simulate an in vivo I/R model. Results:In vitro, p66Shc deficiency significantly reduced H/R-induced ROS overproduction by attenuating mitochondrial superoxide anion (O2-) levels, suppressing NADPH oxidase activity and enhancing antioxidant enzyme expression. Moreover, miR-339-5p was identified to directly regulate p66Shc expression in the intestine. Furthermore, we found that a circRNA transcribed from the PRKCB gene, named circ-PRKCB, acted as an endogenous miR-339-5p sponge to regulate p66Shc expression. circ-PRKCB silencing or miR-339-5p overexpression significantly downregulated p66Shc expression and attenuated oxidative stress levels and I/R injury in vivo and in vitro. Notably, the increased circ-PRKCB levels and decreased miR-339-5p levels associated with murine intestinal I/R were consistent with those in patients with intestinal infarction. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a crucial role for the circ-PRKCB/miR-339-5p/p66Shc signaling pathway in regulating oxidative stress in the I/R intestine. This pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for intestinal I/R injury.
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12
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Wen S, Li X, Ling Y, Chen S, Deng Q, Yang L, Li Y, Shen J, Qiu Y, Zhan Y, Lai H, Zhang X, Ke Z, Huang W. HMGB1-associated necroptosis and Kupffer cells M1 polarization underlies remote liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats. FASEB J 2020; 34:4384-4402. [PMID: 31961020 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900817r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reperfusion of the ischemic intestine often leads to drive distant organ injury, especially injuries associated with hepatocellular dysfunction. The precise molecular mechanisms and effective multiple organ protection strategies remain to be developed. In the current study, significant remote liver dysfunction was found after 6 hours of reperfusion according to increased histopathological scores, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, as well as enhanced bacterial translocation in a rat intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model. Moreover, receptor-interacting protein kinase 1/3 (RIP1/3) and phosphorylated-MLKL expressions in tissue were greatly elevated, indicating that necroptosis occurred and resulted in acute remote liver function impairment. Inhibiting the necroptotic pathway attenuated HMGB1 cytoplasm translocation and tissue damage. Meanwhile, macrophage-depletion study demonstrated that Kupffer cells (KCs) are responsible for liver damage. Blocking HMGB1 partially restored the liver function via suppressed hepatocyte necroptosis, tissue inflammation, hepatic KCs, and circulating macrophages M1 polarization. What's more, HMGB1 neutralization further protects against intestinal I/R-associated liver damage in microbiota-depleted rats. Therefore, intestinal I/R is likely associated with acute liver damage due to hepatocyte necroptosis, and which could be ameliorated by Nec-1 administration and HMGB1 inhibition with the neutralizing antibody and inhibitor. Necroptosis inhibition and HMGB1 neutralization/inhibition, may emerge as effective pharmacological therapies to minimize intestinal I/R-induced acute remote organ dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqian Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiantong Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqing Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanjin Lai
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Intestinal and Limb Ischemic Preconditioning Provides a Combined Protective Effect in the Late Phase, But not in the Early Phase, Against Intestinal Injury Induced by Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats. Shock 2019; 49:596-603. [PMID: 28786831 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to compare the protective efficacy of intestinal ischemic preconditioning (IIPC) and limb ischemic preconditioning (LIPC) against intestinal I/R injury and investigate their combined protective effect and the underlying mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with IIPC, LIPC, or IIPC plus LIPC (combined), and intestinal I/R or sham operation was performed. The animals were sacrificed at 2 and 24 h after reperfusion and then blood and tissue samples were harvested for further analyses. In additional groups of animals, a 7-day survival study was conducted. The results showed that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) improved the survival rate and attenuated intestinal edema, injury, and apoptosis. IPC decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin -6, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase in serum and intestine after the I/R event. IPC downregulated the expression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). The effect of combined pretreatment was better than that of single pretreatment in the late phase (24 h), but not in the early phase (2 h). The study demonstrated that IPC could significantly attenuate intestinal injury induced by intestinal I/R via inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. IIPC and LIPC conferred no synergy in protecting I/R-induced intestinal injury in the early phase, but combined preconditioning had clearly stronger protection in the late phase, which was associated with the inhibition of the activated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. It suggested that LIPC or combined preconditioning could potentially be applied in the clinical settings of surgical patient care.
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14
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de Lima RMT, Dos Reis AC, de Menezes AAPM, Santos JVDO, Filho JWGDO, Ferreira JRDO, de Alencar MVOB, da Mata AMOF, Khan IN, Islam A, Uddin SJ, Ali ES, Islam MT, Tripathi S, Mishra SK, Mubarak MS, Melo-Cavalcante AADC. Protective and therapeutic potential of ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract and [6]-gingerol in cancer: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1885-1907. [PMID: 30009484 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural dietary agents have attracted considerable attention due to their role in promoting health and reducing the risk of diseases including cancer. Ginger, one of the most ancient known spices, contains bioactive compounds with several health benefits. [6]-Gingerol constitutes the most pharmacologically active among such compounds. The aim of the present work was to review the literature pertaining to the use of ginger extract and [6]-gingerol against tumorigenic and oxidative and inflammatory processes associated with cancer, along with the underlying mechanisms of action involved in signaling pathways. This will shed some light on the protective or therapeutic role of ginger derivatives in oxidative and inflammatory regulations during metabolic disturbance and on the antiproliferative and anticancer properties. Data collected from experimental (in vitro or in vivo) and clinical studies discussed in this review indicate that ginger extract and [6]-gingerol exert their action through important mediators and pathways of cell signaling, including Bax/Bcl2, p38/MAPK, Nrf2, p65/NF-κB, TNF-α, ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK, ROS/NF-κB/COX-2, caspases-3, -9, and p53. This suggests that ginger derivatives, in the form of an extract or isolated compounds, exhibit relevant antiproliferative, antitumor, invasive, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosália Maria Tôrres de Lima
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ag-Anne Pereira Melo de Menezes
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - José Victor de Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - José Williams Gomes de Oliveira Filho
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - José Roberto de Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros de Alencar
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira da Mata
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ishaq N Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Amirul Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh Jamal Uddin
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Eunüs S Ali
- Gaco Pharmaceuticals and Research Laboratory, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Swati Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences (Zoology), Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India
| | | | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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Li X, Ling Y, Cao Z, Shen J, Chen S, Liu W, Yuan B, Wen S. Targeting intestinal epithelial cell-programmed necrosis alleviates tissue injury after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats. J Surg Res 2018; 225:108-117. [PMID: 29605020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal dysfunction, especially acute pathologies linked to intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, is profoundly affected by inflammation and improper execution of cell death. Few studies have examined the efficacy of combined strategies in regulated intestinal epithelial necrosis after intestinal I/R. Here, we evaluated the functional interaction between poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1)-induced parthanatos and receptor-interacting protein 1/3 (RIP1/3) kinase-induced necroptosis in the pathophysiological course of acute ischemic intestinal injury. METHODS Anesthetized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion consisting of 1.5 h of ischemia and 6 h of reperfusion. The PARP-1-specific inhibitor PJ34 (10 mg/kg) and the RIP1-specific inhibitor Necrostatin-1 (1 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally administered 30 min before the induction of ischemia. RESULTS Intestinal I/R was found to result in PARP-1 activation and RIP1/3-mediated necrosome formation. PJ34 or Necrostatin-1 treatment significantly improved the mucosal injury, while the combined inhibition of PARP-1 and RIP1/3 conferred optimal protection of the intestine. Meanwhile, results from terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling assay showed a decrease in intestinal epithelial cell death. Interestingly, we further showed that PARP-1 might act as a downstream signaling molecule of RIP1 in the process of I/R-induced intestinal injury and that the RIP1/PARP-1-dependent cell death signaling pathway functioned independently of caspase 3 inhibition. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study provide a molecular basis for combination therapy that targets both pathways of regulated necrosis (parthanatos and necroptosis), to treat acute intestinal I/R-induced intestinal epithelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihong Ling
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongming Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiantong Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqian Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baolong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shihong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Li Y, Wen S, Yao X, Liu W, Shen J, Deng W, Tang J, Li C, Liu K. MicroRNA-378 protects against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury via a mechanism involving the inhibition of intestinal mucosal cell apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3127. [PMID: 29022896 PMCID: PMC5682673 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a major clinical event and contributes to high morbidity and mortality rates, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in organ I/R injury, but the changes and potential roles of miRNAs in intestinal I/R-induced intestinal injury are unclear. This study was designed to analyze the miRNA expression profiles in intestinal mucosa after I/R injury and to explore the role of target miRNA during this process. Using miRNA microarray analysis, we found changes of 19 miRNAs from the expression profile of miRNAs in a mouse model of intestinal I/R and further verified them by RT-qPCR. Here, we report that miR-378 is one of the markedly decreased miRNAs and found the putative target mRNA that is linked to cell death after applying the TargetScan, miRanda, CLIP-Seq and miRDB prediction algorithms. Our results show that the overexpression of miR-378 significantly ameliorated intestinal tissue damage in wild-type and transgenic mice and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion-challenged IEC-6 cell injury. Moreover, miR-378 overexpression reduced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in both in vivo and in vitro ischemic models and attenuated cleaved caspase-3 expression. Collectively, our results revealed that the suppression of caspase-3 activation by miRNA-378 overexpression may be involved in the protective effects of intestinal ischemic damage. MiRNA-378 may serve as a key regulator and therapeutic target in intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shihong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jiantong Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wentao Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Kexuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
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17
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Li Y, Xu B, Xu M, Chen D, Xiong Y, Lian M, Sun Y, Tang Z, Wang L, Jiang C, Lin Y. 6-Gingerol protects intestinal barrier from ischemia/reperfusion-induced damage via inhibition of p38 MAPK to NF-κB signalling. Pharmacol Res 2017; 119:137-148. [PMID: 28167239 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by severe trauma, intestinal obstruction, and operation is one of the tough challenges in clinic. 6-Gingerol (6G), a main active ingredient of ginger, is found to have anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-cancer activities. The present study was designed to characterize the potential protective effects of 6G on rat intestinal I/R injury and reveal the correlated mechanisms. Rat intestinal I/R model was established with clamping the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and 6G was intragastrically administered for three consecutive days before I/R injury. Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells were incubated under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) conditions to simulate I/R injury in vitro. The results showed that 6G significantly alleviated intestinal injury in I/R injured rats by reducing the generation of oxidative stress and inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling pathway. 6G significantly reduced MDA level and increased the levels of SOD, GSH, and GSH-Px in I/R injured intestinal tissues. 6G significantly decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators iNOS/NO in I/R injured intestinal tissues. The impaired intestinal barrier function was restored by using 6G in I/R injured rats and in both Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells characterized by inhibiting p38 MAPK phosphorylation, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and expression of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) protein. 6G also reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells. In vitro transfection of p38 MAPK siRNA mitigated the impact of 6G on NF-κB and MLCK expression, and the results further corroborated the protective effects of 6G on intestinal I/R injury by repressing p38 MAPK signaling. In conclusion, the present study suggests that 6G exerts protective effects against I/R-induced intestinal mucosa injury by inhibiting the formation of ROS and p38 MAPK activation, providing novel insights into the mechanisms of this therapeutic candidate for the treatment of intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yongjian Xiong
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Mengqiao Lian
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuchao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zeyao Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chunling Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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18
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Feyzizadeh S, Badalzadeh R. Application of ischemic postconditioning's algorithms in tissues protection: response to methodological gaps in preclinical and clinical studies. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2257-2267. [PMID: 28402080 PMCID: PMC5618671 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic postconditioning (IPostC) was introduced for the first time by Zhao et al. as a feasible method for reduction of myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. The cardioprotection by this protocol has been extensively evaluated in various species. Then, further research revealed that IPostC is a safe and convenient approach in limiting IR injury of non‐myocardial tissues such as lung, liver, kidney, intestine, skeletal muscle, brain and spinal cord. IPostC has been conducted with different algorithms, resulting in diverse effects. The possible important factors leading to these differences are the difference in activation levels of signalling pathways and protective mediators by any algorithm, presence or absence of IPostC effectors in each tissue, or intrinsic characteristics of the tissues as well as the methodological biases. Also, the conflicting results have been shown with the application of the same algorithm of IPostC in certain tissues or animal species. The effectiveness of IPostC may depend upon various parameters including the species and the tissues characteristics. For example, different heart rates and metabolic rates of the species and unequal amounts of perfusion and blood flow of the tissues should be considered as the important determinants of IPostC effectiveness and should be thought about in designing IPostC algorithms for future studies. Due to these discrepancies, there is still no optimal single IPostC algorithm applicable to any tissue or any species. This issue is the main topic of the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Feyzizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Badalzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Postconditioning: “Toll-erating” mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury? Surgery 2017; 161:1004-1015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Yan L, Wu CR, Wang C, Yang CH, Tong GZ, Tang JG. Effect of Candida albicans on Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rats. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 129:1711-8. [PMID: 27411459 PMCID: PMC4960961 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.185862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammation is supposed to play a key role in the pathophysiological processes of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IIRI), and Candida albicans in human gut commonly elevates inflammatory cytokines in intestinal mucosa. This study aimed to explore the effect of C. albicans on IIRI. Methods: Fifty female Wistar rats were divided into five groups according to the status of C. albicans infection and IIRI operation: group blank and sham; group blank and IIRI; group cefoperazone plus IIRI; group C. albicans plus cefoperazone and IIRI (CCI); and group C. albicans plus cefoperazone and sham. The levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and diamine oxidase (DAO) measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate the inflammation reactivity as well as the integrity of small intestine. Histological scores were used to assess the mucosal damage, and the C. albicans blood translocation was detected to judge the permeability of intestinal mucosal barrier. Results: The levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in serum and intestine were higher in rats undergone both C. albicans infection and IIRI operation compared with rats in other groups. The levels of DAO (serum: 44.13 ± 4.30 pg/ml, intestine: 346.21 ± 37.03 pg/g) and Chiu scores (3.41 ± 1.09) which reflected intestinal mucosal disruption were highest in group CCI after the operation. The number of C. albicans translocated into blood was most in group CCI ([33.80 ± 6.60] ×102 colony forming unit (CFU)/ml). Conclusion: Intestinal C. albicans infection worsened the IIRI-induced disruption of intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitated the subsequent C. albicans translocation and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chun-Rong Wu
- Department of Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Chun-Hui Yang
- Department of Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guang-Zhi Tong
- Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian-Guo Tang
- Department of Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Santos CHMD, Aydos RD, Nogueira Neto E, Miiji LNO, Cassino PC, Ahmed II, Calheiros NM, Garcia M, Silva AFD. Importance of duration and number of ischemic postconditioning cycles in preventing reperfusion mesenteric injuries. Experimental study in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:709-14. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150100000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Remifentanil preconditioning protects the small intestine against ischemia/reperfusion injury via intestinal δ- and μ-opioid receptors. Surgery 2015; 159:548-59. [PMID: 26410664 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury can cause a high rate of mortality in the perioperative period. Remifentanil has been reported to provide protection for organs against I/R injury. We hypothesized that remifentanil preconditioning would attenuate the small intestinal injury induced by intestinal I/R. METHODS We used both an in vivo rat model of intestinal I/R injury and a cell culture model using IEC-6 cells (the rat intestinal epithelial cell line) subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Remifentanil was administered before ischemia or OGD, and 3 specific opioid receptors antagonists, naltrindole (a δ-OR selective antagonist), nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI, a κ-OR selective antagonist), and CTOP (a μ-OR selective antagonist), were administered before preconditioning to determine the role of opioid receptors in the intestinal protection mediated by remifentanil. RESULTS In the in vivo rat model, intestinal I/R induced obvious intestinal injury as evidenced by increases in the Chiu score, serum diamine oxidase activity, the apoptosis index, and the level of cleaved caspase-3 protein expression, whereas remifentanil preconditioning significantly improved these changes in vivo. In the in vitro cell culture exposed to OGD, cell viability (MTT, ie, (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and flow cytometric analysis showed that remifentanil preconditioning enhanced IEC-6 cell viability and decreased apoptosis. In both in vitro and in vivo models, the aforementioned protective effects of remifentanil preconditioning were abolished completely by previous administration of the δ- or μ-opioid markedly attentuated but not the κ-opioid receptor antagonist. CONCLUSION Remifentanil preconditioning appears to act via δ- and μ-opioid receptors to protect the small intestine from intestinal I/R injury by attenuating apoptosis of the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells.
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Zhang F, Hu Y, Xu X, Zhai X, Wang G, Ning S, Yao J, Tian X. Icariin protects against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 2014; 194:127-38. [PMID: 25472572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the role of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) pathway, and a possible protective function for Icariin (ICA), in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with different doses of ICA (30 and 60 mg/kg) or olive oil as control 1 h before intestinal I/R. Caco-2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of ICA (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) and then subjected to H/R-induced injury. RESULTS The in vivo results demonstrated that ICA pretreatment significantly improved I/R-induced tissue damage and decreased serum tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 levels. Changes of manganese superoxide dismutase, Bcl-2, and Bim were also reversed by ICA, and apoptosis was reduced. Importantly, the protective effects of ICA were positively associated with SIRT1 activation. Increased SIRT1 expression, as well as decreased acetylated FOXO3 expression, was observed in Caco-2 cells pretreated with ICA. Additionally, the protective effects of ICA were abrogated in the presence of SIRT1 inhibitor nicotinamide. This suggests that ICA exerts a protective effect upon H/R injury through activation of SIRT1/FOXO3 signaling pathway. Accordingly, the SIRT1 activator resveratrol achieved a similar protective effect as ICA on H/R injury, whereas cellular damage resulting from H/R was exacerbated by SIRT1 knockdown and nicotinamide. CONCLUSIONS SIRT1, activated by ICA, protects intestinal epithelial cells from I/R injury by inducing FOXO3 deacetylation both in vivo and in vitro These findings suggest that the SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway can be a target for therapeutic approaches intended to minimize injury resulting from intestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaomei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shili Ning
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Wen SH, Ling YH, Liu WF, Qiu YX, Li YS, Wu Y, Shen JT, Xia ZY, Liu KX. Role of 15-F2t-isoprostane in intestinal injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:907-18. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.926010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Postconditioning of the small intestine: which is the most effective algorithm in a rat model? J Surg Res 2014; 187:427-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Modulating the p66shc signaling pathway with protocatechuic acid protects the intestine from ischemia-reperfusion injury and alleviates secondary liver damage. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:387640. [PMID: 24757420 PMCID: PMC3976807 DOI: 10.1155/2014/387640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious clinical pathophysiological process that may result in acute local intestine and remote liver injury. Protocatechuic acid (PCA), which has been widely studied as a polyphenolic compound, induces expression of antioxidative genes that combat oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of PCA pretreatment for protecting intestinal I/R-induced local intestine and remote liver injury in mice. Intestinal I/R was established by superior mesenteric artery occlusion for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 90 min. After the reperfusion period, PCA pretreatment markedly alleviated intestine and liver injury induced by intestinal I/R as indicated by histological alterations, decreases in serological damage parameters and nuclear factor-kappa B and phospho-foxo3a protein expression levels, and increases in glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, manganese superoxide dismutase protein expression, and Bcl-xL protein expression in the intestine and liver. These parameters were accompanied by PCA-induced adaptor protein p66shc suppression. These results suggest that PCA has a significant protective effect in the intestine and liver following injury induced by intestinal I/R. The protective effect of PCA may be attributed to the suppression of p66shc and the regulation of p66shc-related antioxidative and antiapoptotic factors.
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Czeiger D, Osyntsov A, Osyntsov L, Ball CG, Gigi R, Shaked G. Examining the safety of colon anastomosis on a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. World J Emerg Surg 2013; 8:24. [PMID: 23819877 PMCID: PMC3703257 DOI: 10.1186/1749-7922-8-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion can impair anastomotic strength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of delayed colon anastomosis following remote ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods Rats divided into two groups underwent bilateral groin incisions, however only the study group had femoral artery clamping to inflict IR injury. Twenty-four hours following this insult, the animals underwent laparotomy, incision of the transverse colon and reanastomosis. End points included anastomotic leakage, strength and histopathological features. Results Anastomotic leak among IR animals (22.2%) was not statistically different in comparison to the controls [10.5% (p = 0.40)]. Anastomotic mean burst pressures showed no statistically significant difference [150.6 ± 15.57 mmHg in the control group vs. 159.9 ± 9.88 mmHg in the IR group (p = 0.64)]. The acute inflammatory process in the IR group was similar to controls (p = 0.26), as was the chronic repair process (p = 0.88). There was no significant difference between the inflammation:repair ratios amongst the two groups (p = 0.67). Conclusion Primary colon repair is safe when performed 24 hours following systemic IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Czeiger
- Department of General Surgery and Trauma Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Anton Osyntsov
- Department of General Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Lidia Osyntsov
- Pathology Institute, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben- Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Chad G Ball
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roy Gigi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gad Shaked
- Department of General Surgery and Trauma Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel ; Department of General Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
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