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Luo A, Qiao N, Hu K, Xu H, Xie M, Jiang Y, Hu J. BZW1 is a prognostic and immunological biomarker in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37092. [PMID: 38306570 PMCID: PMC10843520 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive system and is called the "king of cancer" because it has been labeled with high malignancy, rapid progression, poor survival, and poor prognosis. Previously, it was reported that the basic leucine zipper and W2 domains 1 (BZW1) is involved in the progression of many tumors. However, its research in digestive system tumors such as pancreatic cancer is rarely studied. To explore potential biomarkers related to survival and prognosis of pancreatic cancer and provide a new targeted therapy for it. We first analyzed the mRNA and protein expression of BZW1 in pancreatic cancer. We then explored the correlation of BZW1 with survival prognosis and immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer patients. Finally, we explored BZW1-related gene enrichment analysis, including protein-protein interaction networks, gene ontology functional enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. The mRNA and protein expression of the BZW1 gene in pancreatic cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent normal tissues, and pancreatic cancer patients with high BZW1 expression had a poor prognosis. In addition, the expression of BZW1 was positively or negatively correlated with different immune cells of pancreatic cancer, such as CD4 + T lymphocytes, CD8 + T lymphocytes, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, etc. Correlation enrichment analysis showed that we obtained 50 available experimentally determined BZW1-binding proteins and 100 targeted genes related to BZW1, and the intersection genes were eukaryotic translation termination factor 1 and Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between BZW1 and eukaryotic translation termination factor 1 and Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3 genes in pancreatic cancer. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed BZW1 was mainly related to biological processes such as "mRNA processing," "RNA splicing," "regulation of translational initiation," and "activation of innate immune response." The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis further indicated that BZW1 may be involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis through the "spliceosome" and "ribosome." The BZW1 gene may be a potential immunotherapy target and a promising prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longyan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Longyan, Fujian, China
| | - Nan Qiao
- Department of Student Affairs, Jiangxi Institute of Economic Administrators, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Henglang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingjun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yiping Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Scali S, Wanhainen A, Neal D, Debus S, Mani K, Behrendt CA, D'Oria M, Stone D. Conflicting European and North American Society Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Volume Guidelines Differentially Discriminate Peri-operative Mortality After Elective Open AAA Repair. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2023; 66:756-764. [PMID: 37573937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) guidelines endorse a minimum abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair volume of 20 open (OAR) and or endovascular (EVAR) AAA repair procedures per year as a proxy for high quality care. In contrast, the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) espouses 10 exclusively OARs per year. Given the differences in these volume standards and definitions, debate persists regarding surgeon credentialing and healthcare resource allocation. This analysis aimed to determine which society endorsed volume benchmark better discriminates OAR mortality. METHODS A retrospective national registry based cohort analysis. Patients undergoing elective OAR were compared between centres meeting either ESVS (≥ 20 AAA procedures/year) or SVS (≥ 10 OARs/year) volume thresholds within the Vascular Quality Initiative (2010 - 2020). The primary outcome was in hospital death. Logistic regression was used for risk adjusted comparisons. RESULTS A total of 8 761 OARs were performed at 193 US centres, and the median (IQR) volume was 6.6 (3.3, 9.9) OARs/year. When applying the SVS centre volume definition, the proportion of centres meeting ESVS and SVS minimum case thresholds was 12% (n = 22) and 25% (n = 48), respectively. The absolute mortality difference was 0.3% between centres performing ≥ 20 vs. ≥ 10 OARs/year (2.6% vs. 2.9%; p = .51). There was an incremental association between OAR volume and crude mortality rate; however, this absolute difference between lower and higher thresholds was only 0.2%/procedure (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 - 0.99; p < .001). Moreover, no difference in risk adjusted mortality was detected between volume standards (≥ 10 vs. ≥ 20; p = .78). In sub-analysis, the ESVS ≥ 20 total composite AAA repair volume threshold was not associated with mortality (p = .17); however, increasing the proportion of OAR cases making up the total annual AAA centre volume inversely correlated with mortality (p = .008). CONCLUSION It appears that the SVS endorsed AAA centre volume threshold using exclusively OAR had a modest ability to discriminate peri-operative mortality outcomes and was superior to the current composite ESVS volume guideline in differentiating centre performance. These findings raise questions regarding the clinical validity of using EVAR as a volume proxy for OAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Scali
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Anders Wanhainen
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dan Neal
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sebastian Debus
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Centre Hamburg - Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Mani
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian-Alexander Behrendt
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Asklepios Clinic Wandsbek, Asklepios Medical School, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mario D'Oria
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Trieste ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - David Stone
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Centre, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Amin K, Khan H, Hearld LR, Chu DI, Prete V, Mehari KR, Heslin MJ, Fonseca AL. Association between Rural Residence and Processes of Care in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment. J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:2155-2165. [PMID: 37553515 PMCID: PMC10731615 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy associated with poor outcomes. Surgical resection and receipt of multimodal therapy have been shown to improve outcomes in patients with potentially resectable PDAC; however treatment and outcome disparities persist on many fronts. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between rural residence and receipt of quality cancer care in patients diagnosed with non-metastatic PDAC. METHODS Using the National Cancer Database, patients with non-metastatic pancreatic cancer were identified from 2006-2016. Patients were classified as living in metropolitan, urban, or rural areas. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of cancer treatment and survival. RESULTS A total of 41,786 patients were identified: 81.6% metropolitan, 16.2% urban, and 2.2% rural. Rural residing patients were less likely to receive curative-intent surgery (p = 0.037) and multimodal therapy (p < 0.001) compared to their metropolitan and urban counterparts. On logistic regression analysis, rural residence was independently associated with decreased surgical resection [OR 0.82; CI 95% 0.69-0.99; p = 0.039] and multimodal therapy [OR 0.70; CI 95% 0.38-0.97; p = 0.047]. Rural residence independently predicted decreased overall survival [OR 1.64; CI 95% 1.45-1.93; p < 0.001] for all patients that were analyzed. In the cohort of patients who underwent surgical resection, rural residence did not independently predict overall survival [OR 0.97; CI 95% 0.85-1.11; p = 0.652]. CONCLUSIONS Rural residence impacts receipt of optimal cancer care in patients with non-metastatic PDAC but does not predict overall survival in patients who receive curative-intent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisha Amin
- Department of Surgery, The University of South Alabama, 2451 USA Medical Center Drive, Mastin, 705, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Hamza Khan
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Larry R Hearld
- Department of Health Services Administration, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Daniel I Chu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Victoria Prete
- Department of Surgery, The University of South Alabama, 2451 USA Medical Center Drive, Mastin, 705, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Krista R Mehari
- Department of Psychology, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Martin J Heslin
- Department of Surgery, The University of South Alabama, 2451 USA Medical Center Drive, Mastin, 705, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Annabelle L Fonseca
- Department of Surgery, The University of South Alabama, 2451 USA Medical Center Drive, Mastin, 705, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA.
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4
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, He X, Yao R, Fan L, Zhao L, Lu B, Pang Z. Genome instability-related LINC02577, LINC01133 and AC107464.2 are lncRNA prognostic markers correlated with immune microenvironment in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:430. [PMID: 37173624 PMCID: PMC10176692 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a leading cause of malignancy-related deaths worldwide, and the efficacy of immunotherapy on PAAD is limited. Studies report that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in modulating genomic instability and immunotherapy. However, the identification of genome instability-related lncRNAs and their clinical significance has not been investigated in PAAD. METHODS The current study developed a computational framework for mutation hypothesis based on lncRNA expression profile and somatic mutation spectrum in pancreatic adenocarcinoma genome. We explored the potential of GInLncRNAs(genome instability-related lncRNAs) through co-expression analysis and function enrichment analysis. We further analyzed GInLncRNAs by Cox regression and used the results to construct a prognostic lncRNA signature. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between GILncSig (genomic instability derived 3-lncRNA signature) and immunotherapy. RESULTS A GILncSig was developed using bioinformatics analyses. It could divide patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, and there was a significant difference in OS between the two groups. In addition, GILncSig was associated with genome mutation rate in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, indicating its potential value as a marker for genomic instability. The GILncSig accurately grouped wild type patients of KRAS into two risk groups. The prognosis of the low-risk group was significantly improved. GILncSig was significantly correlated with the level of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current study provides a basis for further studies on the role of lncRNA in genomic instability and immunotherapy. The study provides a novel method for identification of cancer biomarkers related to genomic instability and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xu He
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Binan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongran Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Miao Y, Cai B, Lu Z. Technical options in surgery for artery-involving pancreatic cancer: Invasion depth matters. Surg Open Sci 2023; 12:55-61. [PMID: 36936450 PMCID: PMC10020102 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The artery involvement explains the majority of primary unresectability of non-metastatic pancreatic cancer patients and both arterial resection and artery-sparing dissection techniques are utilized in curative-intent pancreatectomies for artery-involving pancreatic cancer (ai-PC) patients. Methods This narrative review summarized the history of resectability evaluation for ai-PC and attempted to interpret its current pitfalls that led to the divergence of resectability prediction and surgical exploration, with a focus on the rationale and the surgical outcomes of the sub-adventitial divestment technique. Results The circumferential involvement of artery by tumor currently defined the resectability of ai-PC but insufficient to preclude laparotomy with curative intent. The reasons behind could be: 1. The radiographic involvement of tumor to arterial circumference was not necessarily resulted in histopathological artery wall invasion; 2. the developed surgical techniques facilitated radical resection, better perioperative safety as well as oncological benefit. The feasibility of periadventitial dissection, sub-adventitial divestment and other artery-sparing techniques for ai-PC depended on the tumor invasion depth to the artery, i.e., whether the external elastic lamina (EEL) was invaded demonstrating a hallmark plane for sub-adventitial dissections. These techniques were reported to be complicated with preferable surgical outcomes comparing to arterial resection combined pancreatectomies, while the arterial resection combined pancreatectomies were considered performed in patients with more advanced disease. Conclusions Adequate preoperative imaging modalities with which to evaluate the tumor invasion depth to the artery are to be developed. Survival benefits after these techniques remain to be proven, with more and higher-level clinical evidence needed. Key message The current resectability evaluation criteria, which were based on radiographic circumferential involvement of the artery by tumor, was insufficient to preclude curative-intent pancreatectomies for artery-involving pancreatic cancer patients. With oncological benefit to be further proven, periarterial dissection and arterial resection have different but overlapping indications, and predicting the tumor invasion depth in major arteries was critical for surgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Miao
- Pancreas Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
- Pancreas Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
- Corresponding author at: Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Baobao Cai
- Pancreas Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zipeng Lu
- Pancreas Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
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6
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Kemp Bohan PM, Chang SC, Grunkemeier GL, Spitzer HV, Carpenter EL, Adams AM, Vreeland TJ, Nelson DW. Impact of Mediating and Confounding Variables on the Volume-Outcome Association in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:1436-1448. [PMID: 36460898 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-volume centers (HVC), academic centers (AC), and longer travel distances (TD) have been associated with improved outcomes for patients undergoing surgery for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC). Effects of mediating variables on these associations remain undefined. The purpose of this study is to examine the direct effects of hospital volume, facility type, and travel distance on overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing surgery for PAC and characterize the indirect effects of patient-, disease-, and treatment-related mediating variables. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the National Cancer Database, patients with non-metastatic PAC who underwent resection were stratified by annual hospital volume (< 11, 11-19, and ≥ 20 cases/year), facility type (AC versus non-AC), and TD (≥ 40 versus < 40 miles). Associations with survival were evaluated using multiple regression models. Effects of mediating variables were assessed using mediation analysis. RESULTS In total, 19,636 patients were included. Treatment at HVC or AC was associated with lower risk of death [hazard ratio (HR) 0.90, confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.92; HR 0.89, CI 0.86-0.91, respectively]. TD did not impact OS. Patient-, disease-, and treatment-related variables explained 25.5% and 41.8% of the survival benefit attained from treatment at HVC and AC, reducing the survival benefit directly attributable to each variable to 4.9% and 6.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of PAC at HVC and AC was associated with improved OS, but the magnitude of this benefit was less when mediating variables were considered. From a healthcare utilization and cost-resource perspective, further research is needed to identify patients who would benefit most from selective referral to HVC or AC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shu-Ching Chang
- Center for Cardiovascular Analytics, Research and Data Science (CARDS), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gary L Grunkemeier
- Center for Cardiovascular Analytics, Research and Data Science (CARDS), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Holly V Spitzer
- Department of Surgery, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, Fort Bliss, TX, USA
| | | | - Alexandra M Adams
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy J Vreeland
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel W Nelson
- Department of Surgery, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, Fort Bliss, TX, USA.
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7
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Mason MC, Massarweh NN. Volume-Outcome for Pancreatic Cancer: Finally Getting Under the Hood. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:1287-1289. [PMID: 36520231 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12944-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith C Mason
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nader N Massarweh
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Atlanta VA Health Care System, Surgery and Perioperative Care, Decatur, GA, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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8
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Kemp Bohan PM, Nelson DW. ASO Author Reflections: The Complexity of the Volume-Outcome Relationship in Pancreatic Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:1449-1450. [PMID: 36477428 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel W Nelson
- Department of Surgery, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, TX, USA
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9
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Hoerger K, Hue JJ, Elshami M, Ammori JB, Hardacre JM, Winter JM, Ocuin LM. Facility Volume Thresholds for Optimization of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy for Primary Liver Tumors. J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:273-282. [PMID: 36443556 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volume-outcome relationships have been described for a variety of surgical procedures. We aimed to define the facility volume threshold at which postoperative mortality after hepatectomy was optimal. METHODS We determined volume percentiles for institutions performing hepatectomy for any primary liver tumor within the National Cancer Database (2004-2017). Marginal structural logistic regression defined the volume percentile (Vmin) at which the odds of 90-day mortality were optimally reduced in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Short-term postoperative and survival outcomes were compared between patients treated at facilities above and below Vmin. RESULTS Thresholds for the 10th/25th/50th/75th/90th percentiles were 2/7/26/46/59 hepatectomies/year. A total of 17,833 patients underwent resection of HCC or ICC. The 90-day postoperative mortality was optimized at the 75th percentile for all hepatectomies (IP-weighted OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.52-0.87) and major hepatectomy (IP-weighted OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.49-0.80). Seven of 446 facilities met the Vmin threshold. The odds of 30-day mortality were also reduced for all hepatectomies (IP-weighted OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.42-0.73) and major hepatectomy (IP-weighted OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.41-0.75). There were no differences in length of stay or 30-day readmission rate. Patients with HCC or ICC treated at facilities ≥ 10th percentile had an associated improvement in overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Resection of HCC and ICC is performed at a large number of facilities. Postoperative mortality is optimally reduced at facilities performing at least 46 liver operations annually. Regionalization of surgical care among patients with primary liver malignancies to high-volume centers may result in improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Hoerger
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jonathan J Hue
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Mohamedraed Elshami
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - John B Ammori
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Hardacre
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jordan M Winter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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10
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Hori T, Yasukawa D. Technical aspects in pancreaticoduodenectomy and therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer: History, current status, and future perspectives. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 21:600-602. [PMID: 34497034 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohide Hori
- Department of Surgery, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama 524-8524, Japan.
| | - Daiki Yasukawa
- Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
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11
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Elshami M, Ahmed FA, Kakish H, Hue JJ, Hoehn RS, Rothermel LD, Bajor D, Mohamed A, Selfridge JE, Ammori JB, Hardacre JM, Winter JM, Ocuin LM. Average treatment effect of facility hepatopancreatobiliary cancer volume on survival of non-resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:1878-1887. [PMID: 35961931 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the average treatment effect of hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) cancer volume on survival outcomes of patients with non-resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS We queried the National Cancer Database (2004-2018) for patients with HPB malignancies (PDAC, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, hepatocellular carcinoma, biliary tract cancers). We determined the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles based on the total annual HPB volume. We then identified patients with non-resected PDAC. We utilized inverse probability (IP)-weighted Cox regression to estimate the effect of facility volume on overall survival (OS). RESULTS We identified 710,988 patients with HPB malignancies. The 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of total annual HPB volume were 32, 71, and 177 cases/year, respectively. We included a total of 196,150 patients with non-resected PDAC. Patients treated at ≥25th, ≥50th, and ≥75th percentile facilities had improved median OS compared to those treated at facilities below these thresholds (5.8 vs. 4.2months, 6.5 vs. 4.5months, 7.5 vs. 4.8months, respectively; p < 0.001 for all). Treatment at facilities ≥25th, ≥50th, and ≥75th percentile resulted in lower hazards of death than treatment at lower-percentile facilities (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84-0.90; HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.91; HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79-0.91, respectively). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that consolidation of care of patients with PDAC to high-volume centers may be beneficial even in the nonoperative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fasih A Ahmed
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hanna Kakish
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan J Hue
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Richard S Hoehn
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Luke D Rothermel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Bajor
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Amr Mohamed
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer E Selfridge
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - John B Ammori
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Hardacre
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jordan M Winter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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High RAS-related protein Rab-7a (RAB7A) expression is a poor prognostic factor in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17492. [PMID: 36261459 PMCID: PMC9582019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a frequent type of cancer in adults worldwide, and the search for better biomarkers is one of the current challenges. Although RAB7A is associated with tumour progression in multiple tumour types, there are only a few reports in PAAD. Therefore, in this paper, RNA sequencing data were obtained from TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GTEx to analyse RAB7A expression and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PAAD. The functional enrichment of RAB7A-associated DEGs was analysed by protein‒protein interaction (PPI) networks, immune cell infiltration analysis and GO/KEGG analyses. Additionally, Kaplan‒Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the clinical significance of RAB7A in PAAD. High RAB7A expression was associated with poor prognosis in 182 PAAD specimens, including subgroups of patients aged ≤ 65 years, with male sex, not receiving radiotherapy, and with a history of previous alcohol consumption (P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that elevated RAB7A was an independent prognostic factor, and the prognostic nomogram model included radiotherapy status, presence of postoperative tumour residual and histologic grade. Overall, RAB7A overexpression may serve as a biomarker for poor outcome in pancreatic cancer. The DEGs and pathways revealed in this work provide a tentative molecular mechanism for the pathogenesis and progression of PAAD.
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13
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Elshami M, Hue JJ, Ahmed FA, Kakish H, Hoehn RS, Rothermel LD, Hardacre JM, Ammori JB, Winter JM, Ocuin LM. Defining Facility Volume Threshold for Optimization of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Resection of Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 27:730-740. [PMID: 36138311 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We determined the minimum threshold (Tmin) of annual facility case volume to optimize outcomes for patients with resected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS We identified patients with localized perihilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent resection within the National Cancer Database (2010-2017). We used marginal structural logistic regression models to estimate the average treatment effect of receiving care in facilities meeting/exceeding Tmin on 90-day mortality and other postoperative outcomes. RESULTS A total of 2471 patients underwent resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma at 471 facilities. There was no effect of total hepatopancreatobiliary, surgical hepatopancreatobiliary, total hepatobiliary, surgical hepatobiliary, or total perihilar cholangiocarcinoma case volume on 90-day mortality. A Tmin of seven perihilar cholangiocarcinoma resections/year resulted in lower odds of 90-day mortality (IP-weighted OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.66-0.87). A total of two facilities met the Tmin. Patients receiving treatment at Tmin facilities had lower odds of length of stay ≥ 7 days (IP-weighted OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97) and positive surgical resection margins (IP-weighted OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.47-0.55). Additionally, undergoing surgery at Tmin facilities resulted in higher (≥ 4 nodes) lymph node yields (IP-weighted OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.21-3.11) but no change in the odds of nodal positivity. There was no effect of undergoing surgery at Tmin facilities on 30-day mortality or re-admission. CONCLUSIONS Resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is infrequently performed at a high number of facilities. A Tmin of ≥ 7 resections/year resulted in lower 90-day mortality and improved postoperative outcomes. Our data suggest that regionalization of care for patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma could potentially improve outcomes in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jonathan J Hue
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Fasih Ali Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Hanna Kakish
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Richard S Hoehn
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Luke D Rothermel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Hardacre
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - John B Ammori
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jordan M Winter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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14
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Cuprotosis-Related Genes: Predicting Prognosis and Immunotherapy Sensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2363043. [PMID: 36117848 PMCID: PMC9481390 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2363043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Based on TCGA, GTEx, and TIMER databases and various bioinformatics analysis methods, the potential biological roles of cuprotosis-related genes in pancreatic cancer were deeply explored, and a predictive model for pancreatic cancer patients was constructed. We downloaded the RNA-Seq data and clinicopathological and predictive data of 179 pancreatic cancer tissues and 332 adjacent normal tissues from TCGA and GTEx databases. The differential expression of cuprotosis-related genes in pancreatic cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue was analyzed, and the LASSO regression algorithm was used to construct a prediction model and verify the validity of the model prediction. Based on the LASSO regression algorithm, a predictive model composed of three genes LIPT1, LIAS, and DLAT was screened. The corresponding survival curves showed that the constructed prediction model could significantly distinguish the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients, and the prognosis of patients in the high-risk group was worse (P = 0.00557). The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of the predictive model for predicting the 4-, 5-, and 6-year survival rates in pancreatic cancer was 0.816, 0.836, and 0.956, respectively. The AUC value of this risk model was significantly higher than 0.7, which could more accurately predict the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. This study determined a risk-scoring model of cuprotosis-related genes, which can provide an essential basis for judging the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.
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15
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Lymph node yield as a measure of pancreatic cancer surgery quality. SURGERY IN PRACTICE AND SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sipas.2022.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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16
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Hue JJ, Sugumar K, Elshami M, Rothermel LD, Ammori JB, Hardacre JM, Winter JM, Ocuin LM. Time to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Initiation Is not Associated With Survival in Pancreatic Cancer. J Surg Res 2022; 276:369-378. [PMID: 35436663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Not all patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tolerate multiagent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We utilized institutional data and the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to investigate if time from diagnosis to NAC initiation is associated with survival. METHODS Patients who received NAC and underwent pancreatectomy at our institution (2010-2021) or within the NCDB (2010-2016) were identified. Time from diagnosis to NAC was grouped: <21, 21-35, and >35 d. Recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) was compared. RESULTS At our institution, 122 patients received NAC before pancreatectomy (<21 d: n = 36; 21-35 d: n = 61; >35 d: n = 25). Demographics, performance status, and anatomic resectability were similar. There was no difference in RFS (13.3 versus 12.4 versus 11.9 mo) or OS (26.7 versus 25.8 versus 26.1 mo) based on NAC timing. Patients who received FOLFIRINOX had an improvement in RFS (14.4 versus 12.2 versus 6.8 mo, P = 0.05) and OS (39.2 versus 21.4 versus 17.3 mo, P = 0.01) compared to gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel or other regimens. Within the NCDB, 6713 patients were included (<21 d: n = 2087; 21-35 d: n = 2656; >35 d: n = 1970). There was no difference in OS (21.6 versus 20.9 versus 22.2 mo). Multiagent NAC was associated with improved OS compared to single-agent (22.6 versus 18.8 mo, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Delay in NAC initiation for PDAC is not associated with survival. Patient optimization could be considered with the goal of improving tolerance of multiagent chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Hue
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kavin Sugumar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Luke D Rothermel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John B Ammori
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey M Hardacre
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jordan M Winter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Hue JJ, Sugumar K, Mohamed A, Selfridge JE, Bajor D, Hardacre JM, Ammori JB, Rothermel LD, Winter JM, Ocuin LM. Assessing the Role of Operative Intervention in Elderly Patients With Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Pancreas 2022; 51:380-387. [PMID: 35695765 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resection of locoregional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) is typically recommended, but there is a paucity of data on the management of elderly patients. METHODS The National Cancer Database (2004-2016) was queried for patients 80 years or older with localized PanNENs. Patients were grouped as nonoperative or operative management. Postoperative outcomes and survival were compared. RESULTS In total, 591 patients were included: 202 underwent resection, and 389 did not. Increasing age and pancreatic head tumors were associated with lower likelihood of resection. The overall 90-day mortality rate was 6.4%, which was higher for pancreatoduodenectomy than distal pancreatectomy (13.6% vs 5.1%, respectively). Operatively managed patients had longer median survival (80.8 vs 45.0 months, P < 0.001), and this association was independent of tumor location. On multivariable Cox regression, resection remained associated with longer survival (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.95). Among operatively managed patients, age and tumor location were not associated with survival; however, greater comorbidity and high-risk tumor-specific features were associated with worse survival. CONCLUSIONS Resection of nonfunctional PanNENs in elderly patients is associated with improved survival compared with nonoperative management. Resection could be considered in appropriate operative candidates, regardless of tumor location, but the perioperative mortality rate must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Hue
- From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery
| | - Kavin Sugumar
- From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery
| | - Amr Mohamed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - J Eva Selfridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - David Bajor
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - John B Ammori
- From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery
| | | | - Jordan M Winter
- From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery
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Extended Venous Resections for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Head Adenocarcinoma-A Retrospective Studies of Nine Cases. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9080978. [PMID: 34442115 PMCID: PMC8392255 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9080978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The only chance to improve the long-term outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer is surgery with radical intent. METHODS in the present paper, we aim to describe a case series of 9 patients submitted to radical surgery for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. RESULTS in all cases, negative resection margins were achieved. The types of venous resection consisted of tangential portal vein resection in four cases, circumferential portal vein resection with direct reanastomosis in one case and circumferential resection with graft placement in another four cases; postoperatively, one patient developed a vascular surgery-related complication consisting of graft thrombosis and thus necessitated prolonged anticoagulant therapy. CONCLUSIONS extended venous resections can be a safe and efficient way to maximize the benefits of radical surgery in locally advanced, borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.
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