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Heo S, Kim T, Na HE, Lee G, Lee JH, Jeong DW. Transcriptomic analysis of Staphylococcus equorum KM1031 from the high-salt fermented seafood jeotgal under chloramphenicol, erythromycin and lincomycin stresses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15541. [PMID: 36109627 PMCID: PMC9477809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus equorum strain KM1031 is resistant to chloramphenicol, erythromycin and lincomycin. To shed light on the genetic factors underlying these antibiotic resistances, we determined the global gene expression profile of S. equorum KM1031 using RNA sequencing. During chloramphenicol, erythromycin and lincomycin treatment, 8.3% (183/2,336), 16.0% (354/2,336), and 2.9% (63/2,336) of S. equorum KM1031 genes exhibited significant differences in expression, respectively. These three antibiotics upregulated genes related to efflux and downregulated genes related to transporters. Antibiotic treatment also upregulated osmoprotectant-related genes involved in salt tolerance. To identify specific genes functionally related to antibiotic resistance, we compared the genome of strain KM1031 with those of three S. equorum strains that are sensitive to these three antibiotics. We identified three genes of particular interest: an antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase gene (abm, AWC34_RS01805) related to chloramphenicol resistance, an antibiotic ABC transporter ATP-binding protein gene (msr, AWC34_RS11115) related to erythromycin resistance, and a lincosamide nucleotydyltransferase gene (lnuA, AWC34_RS13300) related to lincomycin resistance. These genes were upregulated in response to the corresponding antibiotic; in particular, msr was upregulated more than fourfold by erythromycin treatment. Finally, the results of RNA sequencing were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. This transcriptomic analysis provides genetic evidence regarding antibiotic stress responses of S. equorum strain KM1031.
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Szemraj M, Grazul M, Balcerczak E, Szewczyk EM. Staphylococcal species less frequently isolated from human clinical specimens - are they a threat for hospital patients? BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:128. [PMID: 32046678 PMCID: PMC7014773 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coagulase-negative staphylococci belonging to S. haemolyticus, S. hominis subsp. hominis, S. simulans, and S. warneri are often described as etiological factors of infections. Staphylococci are a phylogenetically coherent group; nevertheless, there are differences among the species which may be important to clinicians. Methods We investigated selected virulence factors and antibiotic resistance that were phenotypically demonstrated, the presence and expression of genes encoding the virulence factors, and the type of the SCCmec cassette. Results The differences between the tested species were revealed. A great number of isolates produced a biofilm and many of them contained single icaADBC operon genes. Clear differences between species in the lipolytic activity spectrum could be related to their ability to cause various types of infections. Our studies also revealed the presence of genes encoding virulence factors homologous to S. aureus in the analysed species such as enterotoxin and pvl genes, which were also expressed in single isolates of S. simulans and S. warneri. S. haemolyticus and S. hominis subsp. hominis isolates were resistant to all clinically important antibiotics including ß-lactams. The identified SCCmec cassettes belonged to IV, V, VII, and IX type but most of the detected cassettes were non-typeable. Among the investigated species, S. hominis subsp. hominis isolates accumulated virulence genes typical for S. aureus in the most efficient way and were widely resistant to antibiotics. Conclusions Our results clearly indicated significant differences between the tested species, which might be a result of the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and can lead to the formation and selection of multi-drug resistant strains as well as strains with new virulence features. Such strains can have a new clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szemraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 137, 90-235, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Grazul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 137, 90-235, Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewa Balcerczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostic and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Eligia M Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 137, 90-235, Łódź, Poland
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Fraqueza MJ, Rocha JM, Laranjo M, Potes ME, Fialho AR, Fernandes MJ, Fernandes MH, Barreto A, Semedo-Lemsaddek T, Elias M. What is the Main Processing Factor Influencing Staphylococcus Species Diversity in Different Manufacturing Units? J Food Sci 2019; 84:2932-2943. [PMID: 31524954 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota of traditional dry-cured sausages and industrial environment was assessed to characterize the diversity of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), and establish potential relationships with hygiene level or technological characteristics. Eight processing units from South Portugal were audited according to a checklist of requirements. Environmental and products' samples at different production stages were evaluated regarding hygiene and safety criteria. CNS were recovered, characterized, and their potential use as starters evaluated. Low genetic diversity was observed for Staphylococcus xylosus, whereas Staphylococcus equorum showed diverse genetic profiles. Staphylococcus xylosus predominated in products with a long period of cold smoking, Staphylococcus saprophyticus in products with a long period of hot smoking, Staphylococcus epidermidis in products with a short period of cold smoking, and S. equorum in nonsmoked products. Most S. xylosus were resistant to tetracycline, whereas S. equorum were susceptible. Antibioresistance restricted the selection of starters due to safety recommendations. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The present manuscript highlighted a few staphylococci strains that could potentially be used as starter cultures in fermented meat products. These selected strains do not show resistance to antimicrobials, exhibit adequate technological features, and are well adapted to the industrial environments of meat processing industries using different processing technologies. Therefore, the selected strains ready to be used in the manufacturing of traditional fermented meat products to ensure safety, standardize product properties, and shorten ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Fraqueza
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Univ. de Lisboa, Av. da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Universitário, Alto da Ajuda, Lisboa, 1300-477, Portugal
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- ICAAM-Inst. de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, IIFA-Inst. de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Univ. de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
| | - Marta Laranjo
- ICAAM-Inst. de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, IIFA-Inst. de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Univ. de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
| | - Maria Eduarda Potes
- ICAAM-Inst. de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, IIFA-Inst. de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Univ. de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
- Dept. de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Fialho
- ICAAM-Inst. de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, IIFA-Inst. de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Univ. de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
| | - Maria José Fernandes
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Univ. de Lisboa, Av. da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Universitário, Alto da Ajuda, Lisboa, 1300-477, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Univ. de Lisboa, Av. da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Universitário, Alto da Ajuda, Lisboa, 1300-477, Portugal
| | - António Barreto
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Univ. de Lisboa, Av. da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Universitário, Alto da Ajuda, Lisboa, 1300-477, Portugal
| | - Teresa Semedo-Lemsaddek
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Univ. de Lisboa, Av. da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Universitário, Alto da Ajuda, Lisboa, 1300-477, Portugal
| | - Miguel Elias
- ICAAM-Inst. de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, IIFA-Inst. de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Univ. de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
- Dept. de Fitotecnia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
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Szemraj M, Czekaj T, Kalisz J, Szewczyk EM. Differences in distribution of MLS antibiotics resistance genes in clinical isolates of staphylococci belonging to species: S. epidermidis, S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. simulans and S. warneri. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:124. [PMID: 31182020 PMCID: PMC6558908 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrolides and lincosamides are two leading types of antibiotics commonly used in therapies. The study examines the differences in resistance to these antibiotics and their molecular bases in S. epidermidis as well as in rarely isolated species of coagulase-negative staphylococci such as S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri and S. simulans. The isolates were tested for the presence of the erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), lnu(A), msr(A), msr(B), mph(C), ere(A) and ere(B) genes. Phenotypic resistance to methicillin and mecA presence were also determined. Results The MLSB resistance mechanism was phenotypically found in isolates of species included in the study. The most prevalent MLSB resistance mechanism was observed in S. hominis, S. haemolyticus and S. epidermidis isolates mainly of the MLSB resistance constitutive type. Macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance genes were rarely detected in isolates individually. The erm(B), ere(A) and ere(B) genes were not found in any of the strains. The erm(A) gene was determined only in four strains of S. epidermidis and S. hominis while lnu(A) was seen in eight strains (mainly in S. hominis). The erm(C) gene was present in most of S. epidermidis strains and predominant in S. hominis and S. simulans isolates. The examined species clearly differed between one another in the repertoire of accumulated genes. Conclusions The presence of genes encoding the MLSB resistance among CoNS strains demonstrates these genes’ widespread prevalence and accumulation in opportunistic pathogens that might become gene reservoir for bacteria with superior pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szemraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 137, 90-235, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Czekaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 137, 90-235, Łódź, Poland
| | - Jacek Kalisz
- Synevo Sp. z o. o., Microbiological Laboratory of Łódź, Sokola 14, 93-519, Łódź, Poland
| | - Eligia M Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 137, 90-235, Łódź, Poland
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Alfaia CM, Gouveia IM, Fernandes MH, Fernandes MJ, Semedo-Lemsaddek T, Barreto AS, Fraqueza MJ. Assessment of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Portuguese Dry Fermented Sausages as Potential Starters Based on Their Biogenic Amine Profile. J Food Sci 2018; 83:2544-2549. [PMID: 30252142 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the decarboxylase activity of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) involved in meat products fermentation, in order to characterize and select the strains most suitable to be used as safe starter cultures. Isolates were obtained from traditional Portuguese dry fermented meat sausages, identified by PCR and characterized according to their technological properties. Lactobacilli and enterococci were assessed for their bacteriocinogenic potential. Biogenic amines (BA) were screened by culture method and analyzed by RP-HPLC/UV. The screening method, compared with chromatographic analysis, was not reliable for CNS and LAB strains selection. Tyramine decarboxylase activity was present in CNS strains, with a slight production of amines. No other hazardous BA were produced. Among lactobacilli, moderate production of tyramine was related only to Lactobacillus curvatus, with some strains producing putrescine or 2-phenylethylamine. Enterococci were high and moderate producers of tyramine and 2-phenylethylamine, respectively. Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus equorum, and Staphylococcus carnosus, independent of their genetic and technological profiles and BA production, were adequate for use in meat products, according to the data. Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus sakei strains could also be selected for starters. PRACTICAL APPLICATION The selection of coagulase-negative staphylococci and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates were based on their production of biogenic amines in order to avoid this potential hazard production in meat products. The most suitable isolates could be used as safe starter cultures in meat products industry. The staphylococci and LAB selected will achieve particular organoleptic characteristics in meat products and bioprotection from pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Alfaia
- Authors are with the CIISA, The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Lisbon, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Univ. do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Irani M Gouveia
- Authors are with the CIISA, The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Lisbon, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Univ. do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria H Fernandes
- Authors are with the CIISA, The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Lisbon, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Univ. do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria J Fernandes
- Authors are with the CIISA, The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Lisbon, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Univ. do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Semedo-Lemsaddek
- Authors are with the CIISA, The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Lisbon, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Univ. do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António S Barreto
- Authors are with the CIISA, The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Lisbon, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Univ. do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria J Fraqueza
- Authors are with the CIISA, The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Lisbon, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, Pólo Univ. do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
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Dong H, Chen J, Hastings AK, Guo L, Zheng B. Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Analysis of Staphylococcus condimenti DSM 11674, a Potential Starter Culture Isolated from Soy Sauce Mash. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:56. [PMID: 29057223 PMCID: PMC5635325 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jian Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Andrew K Hastings
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beiwen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Kim J, Hong J, Lim JA, Heu S, Roh E. Improved multiplex PCR primers for rapid identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Arch Microbiol 2017; 200:73-83. [PMID: 28795230 PMCID: PMC5758691 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-017-1415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are opportunistic pathogens that are currently emerging as causative agents of human disease. Though CNS are widespread in the clinic and food, their precise identification at species level is important. Here, using 16S rRNA sequencing, 55 staphylococcal isolates were identified as S. capitis, S. caprae, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. pasteuri, S. saprophyticus, S. warneri, and S. xylosus. Although 16S rRNA sequencing is universally accepted as a standard for bacterial identification, the method did not effectively discriminate closely related species, and additional DNA sequencing was required. The divergence of the sodA gene sequence is higher than that of 16S rRNA. To devise a rapid and accurate identification method, sodA-specific primers were designed to demonstrate that species-specific multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used for the identification of CNS species. The accuracy of this method was higher than that of phenotypic identification; the method is simple and less time-consuming than 16S rRNA sequencing. Of the 55 CNS isolates, 92.72% were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 60% were resistant to three or more antibiotics. CNS isolates produced diverse virulence-associated enzymes, including hemolysin (produced by 69.09% of the isolates), protease (65.45%), lipase (54.54%), lecithinase (36.36%), and DNase (29.09%); all isolates could form a biofilm. Because of the increasing pathogenic significance of CNS, the efficient multiplex PCR detection method developed in this study may contribute to studies for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonguk Kim
- Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Hong
- Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Lim
- Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunggi Heu
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 16613, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Roh
- Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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Paiva-Santos WD, Barros EM, Sousa VSD, Laport MS, Giambiagi-deMarval M. Identification of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus saprophyticus by polymerase chain reaction based on the heat-shock repressor encoding hrcA gene. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 86:253-256. [PMID: 27601383 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is an uropathogen belonging to the human microbiota and is responsible for community-acquired infections of the urinary tract. Identification of Staphylococcus species by biochemical tests is laborious and costly when compared to routine laboratory tests. Because of their high sensitivity and specificity, molecular methods are better suited for accurate identification of Staphylococcusspp. Therefore, the goal of this work was to standardize a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol using species-specific primers, based on the heat-shock repressor coding hrcA gene, for the identification of S.saprophyticus. A total of 142 S. saprophyticus strains were obtained from different sources, including clinical, environmental, and foodborne strains. We also included 98 strains of Staphylococcus spp. to further validate the proposed method. Reliable results for the detection of S. saprophyticus isolates were obtained for 100% of the strains evaluated. The results were in accordance with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry identification, thus highlighting the applicability of species-specific PCR for the molecular identification of S. saprophyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weslley de Paiva-Santos
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I, Cidade Universitária, 21941-920Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elaine M Barros
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I, Cidade Universitária, 21941-920Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Viviane Santos de Sousa
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I, Cidade Universitária, 21941-920Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marinella Silva Laport
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I, Cidade Universitária, 21941-920Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcia Giambiagi-deMarval
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco I, Cidade Universitária, 21941-920Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Semedo-Lemsaddek T, Carvalho L, Tempera C, Fernandes MH, Fernandes MJ, Elias M, Barreto AS, Fraqueza MJ. Characterization and Technological Features of Autochthonous Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci as Potential Starters for Portuguese Dry Fermented Sausages. J Food Sci 2016; 81:M1197-202. [PMID: 27095684 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The manufacture of dry fermented sausages is an important part of the meat industry in Southern European countries. These products are usually produced in small shops from a mixture of pork, fat, salt, and condiments and are stuffed into natural casings. Meat sausages are slowly cured through spontaneous fermentation by autochthonous microbiota present in the raw materials or introduced during manufacturing. The aim of this work was to evaluate the technological and safety features of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from Portuguese dry fermented meat sausages in order to select autochthonous starters. Isolates (n = 104) obtained from 2 small manufacturers were identified as Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus equorum, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Staphylococcus carnosus. Genomically diverse isolates (n = 82) were selected for further analysis to determine the ability to produce enzymes (for example, nitrate-reductases, proteases, lipases) and antibiotic susceptibility. Autochthonous CNS producing a wide range of enzymes and showing low antibioresistance were selected as potential starters for future use in the production of dry fermented meat sausages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Semedo-Lemsaddek
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Laura Carvalho
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Tempera
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria H Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Elias
- Univ. de Évora, Inst. de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Apartado 94, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - António S Barreto
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J Fraqueza
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Avenida da Univ. Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
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Couto N, Monchique C, Belas A, Marques C, Gama LT, Pomba C. Trends and molecular mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in clinical staphylococci isolated from companion animals over a 16 year period. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:1479-87. [PMID: 26944924 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the evolution of resistance to antimicrobials, corresponding mechanisms and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus spp., between 1999 and 2014. METHODS Susceptibility to 38 antimicrobials was determined for 632 clinical staphylococcal isolates obtained from companion animals (dogs, cats, horses and other animals). Twenty antimicrobial resistance genes, including mecA and mecC, were screened by PCR. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci were characterized by spa (Staphylococcus aureus), SCCmec, MLST and PFGE typing. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS v9.3 and differences were considered relevant if P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The mecA gene was identified in 74 staphylococcal isolates (11.6%): 11 MRSA (40.7%), 40 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP; 8.7%) and 23 methicillin-resistant CoNS (26.7%). Resistance to the majority of antimicrobials and the number of mecA-positive isolates increased significantly over time. Eighteen spa types were identified, including two new ones. MRSA isolates were divided into three PFGE clusters that included ST22-IV, ST105-II, ST398-V and ST5-VI. Most methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates were of clonal complex (CC) 5, including a new ST, and clustered in eight PFGE clusters. MRSP were grouped into five PFGE clusters and included ST45-NT, ST71-II-III, ST195-III, ST196-V, ST339-NT, ST342-IV and the new ST400-III. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus clustered in two PFGE clusters. CONCLUSIONS The significant increase in antimicrobial-resistant and mecA-positive isolates in recent years is worrying. Furthermore, several isolates are MDR, which complicates antimicrobial treatment and increases the risk of transfer to humans or human isolates. Several clonal lineages of MRSA and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis circulating in human hospitals and the community were found, suggesting that companion animals can become infected with and contribute to the dissemination of highly successful human clones. Urgent measures, such as determination of clinical breakpoints and guidelines for antimicrobial use, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Couto
- Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance Laboratory, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Monchique
- Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance Laboratory, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Adriana Belas
- Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance Laboratory, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cátia Marques
- Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance Laboratory, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís T Gama
- Animal Genetic Resources, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance Laboratory, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (FMV-UL), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
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Sheraba NS, Yassin AS, Amin MA. High-throughput molecular identification of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from a clean room facility in an environmental monitoring program. BMC Res Notes 2010; 3:278. [PMID: 21047438 PMCID: PMC2987874 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-3-278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The staphylococci are one of the most common environmental isolates found in clean room facility. Consequently, isolation followed by comprehensive and accurate identification is an essential step in any environmental monitoring program. FINDINGS We have used the API Staph identification kit (bioMérieux, France) which depends on the expression of metabolic activities and or morphological features to identify the Staphylococcus isolates. The API staphylococci showed low sensitivity in the identification of some species, so we performed molecular methods based on PCR based fingerprinting of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase encoding gene as useful taxonomic tool for examining Staphylococcus isolates. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that PCR protocol used in this study which depends on genotypic features was relatively accurate, rapid, sensitive and superior in the identification of at least 7 species of Staphylococcus than API Staph which depends on phenotypic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan S Sheraba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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12
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Technological and safety characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci from traditionally fermented sausages of Basilicata region (Southern Italy). Meat Sci 2009; 83:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Revised: 03/15/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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El-Sharoud WM, Spano G. Diversity and enterotoxigenicity of Staphylococcus spp. associated with domiati cheese. J Food Prot 2008; 71:2567-71. [PMID: 19244916 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.12.2567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A total of 87 samples of fresh and stored Domiati cheese (an Egyptian soft cheese) were examined for the presence of Staphylococcus spp. Fifteen Staphylococcus isolates identified as S. aureus (2 isolates), S. xylosus (4), S. caprae (4), and S. chromogenes (5) were recovered from 15 cheese samples. The S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin, and one isolate was also resistant to tetracycline. S. aureus isolates harbored classical staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes (sea and seb) and recently characterized SE-like genes (selg, seli, selm, and selo). One S. aureus isolate contained a single SE gene (sea), whereas another isolate contained five SE genes (seb, selg, seli, selm, and selo). These results suggest that Domiati cheese is a source for various Staphylococcus species, including S. aureus strains that could be enterotoxigenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid M El-Sharoud
- Food Safety and Microbial Physiology Laboratory, Dairy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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14
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Voytenko AV, Kanbar T, Alber J, Lämmler C, Weiss R, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Zschöck M, Akineden O, Hassan AA, Dmitrenko OA. Identification of Staphylococcus hyicus by polymerase chain reaction mediated amplification of species specific sequences of superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA. Vet Microbiol 2006; 116:211-6. [PMID: 16678982 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2006] [Accepted: 03/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A species specific PCR test, based on manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA, was developed for the identification of Staphylococcus hyicus, an important bacterial pathogen in pigs. The designed primers allowed a rapid and reliable identification of phenotypically characterized S. hyicus, isolated in Russia, Germany and Denmark. No cross reactivities could be observed investigating staphylococcal reference strains representing 18 different species and subspecies. The use of the described primers might improve a future diagnosis of this bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Voytenko
- Kovalenko Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Kurskaya Str. 4, 308002 Belgorod, Russia
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Casaburi A, Blaiotta G, Mauriello G, Pepe O, Villani F. Technological activities of Staphylococcus carnosus and Staphylococcus simulans strains isolated from fermented sausages. Meat Sci 2005; 71:643-50. [PMID: 22061209 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the technological properties of 2 strains of Staphylococcus simulans (Ssm12, Ssm21) and 4 strains of S. carnosus (SC28, SC31, SC54 and SC55) for the selection of a potential starter cultures to employ in the processing of dry fermented sausages. The strains were studied to evaluate nitrate reductase, proteolytic, lipolytic, decarboxylase and antioxidant activities as well as growth ability at different temperatures, pH and NaCl concentrations. Nitrate reductase activity was determined at 15, 20 and 30°C. By spectrophotometric method all the strains were able to reduce nitrate to nitrite at the different temperatures but these results were not confirmed by the agar plate method. Antioxidant and lipolytic activities were evaluated by spectrophotometric assay. All the strains showed antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase whereas all appeared unable to hydrolyse pork fat. Proteolytic activity was determined by agar plate method, spectrophotometric assay (OPA) and sodium dodecyl sulphate gel-electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and all strains appeared to be able to hydrolyse sarcoplasmic proteins but not myofibrillar proteins. Finally, all the strains grew at 15 and 20°C, in presence of 10%, 15% and 20% of NaCl and at pH 5.0 and 5.5 and were unable to produce histamine, cadaverine and putrescine. The results showed that all strains studied possess useful technological activities that would make them eligible as a good starter cultures for fermented sausages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Casaburi
- Dipartimento di Scienza degli Alimenti Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II" Via Università, 100 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
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