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Flores-Félix JD, Sánchez-Juanes F, Pulido-Suárez L, Velázquez E, León-Barrios M. The symbiovar mediterranense of Sinorhizobium meliloti nodulates Phaseolus vulgaris across Lanzarote (Canary Islands): A revision of this symbiovar supports a proposal to delimit symbiovars boundaries in Sinorhizobium and to define four new symbiovars. Syst Appl Microbiol 2024; 47:126517. [PMID: 38772266 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2024.126517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The symbiovar mediterranense of Sinorhizobium meliloti was initially found in Phaseolus vulgaris nodules in Tunisia and in an eastern location of Lanzarote (Canary Islands). Here we show that the symbiovar mediterranense of S. meliloti also nodulates P. vulgaris in two western locations of this Island. The analyses of the symbiotic nodA and nodC genes reveal the complexity of the symbiovar mediterranense which encompasses strains belonging to several phylogenetic lineages and clusters. The comparison of the nodA and nodC phylogenies showed that the nodC was the most resolutive phylogenetic marker for the delineation of Sinorhizobium symbiovars. Considering that the similarity of this gene within several symbiovars, particularly mediterranense, is around 95 %, the cut-off value for their differentiation should be lower. Considering that a nodC gene cut-off similarity value of around 92 % is accepted for the genus Bradyrhizobium and that the symbiovar concept is identical in all rhizobial genera, we propose to apply this value for symbiovars delineation within all these genera. Therefore, using this cut-off value for the nodC gene analysis of Sinorhizobium symbiovars, we propose to merge the symbiovars aegeanense and fredii into the single symbiovar fredii and to define four novel symbiovars with the names asiaense, culleni, sudanense and tunisiaense.
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Affiliation(s)
- José David Flores-Félix
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fernando Sánchez-Juanes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental de Biología, Av. Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura Pulido-Suárez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Encarna Velázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Milagros León-Barrios
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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2
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Ali R, Chaluvadi SR, Wang X, Hazzouri KM, Sudalaimuthuasari N, Rafi M, Al-Nuaimi M, Sasi S, Antepenko E, Bennetzen JL, Amiri KMA. Microbiome properties in the root nodules of Prosopis cineraria, a leguminous desert tree. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0361723. [PMID: 38624222 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03617-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the total microbiome and transcriptionally active microbiome communities in the roots and root nodules of Prosopis cineraria, an important leguminous tree in arid regions of many Asian countries. Mature P. cineraria trees growing in the desert did not exhibit any detected root nodules. However, we observed root nodules on the roots of P. cineraria growing on a desert farm and on young plants growing in a growth chamber, when inoculated with rhizosphere soil, including with rhizosphere soil from near desert tree roots that had no nodules. Compared to nearby soil, non-nodulated roots were enriched with Actinobacteria (e.g., Actinophytocola sp.), whereas root nodules sampled from the desert farm and growth chamber had abundant Alphaproteobacteria (e.g., Ensifer sp.). These nodules yielded many microbes in addition to such nitrogen-fixing bacteria as Ensifer and Sinorhizobium species. Significant differences exist in the composition and abundance of microbial isolates between the nodule surface and the nodule endosphere. Shotgun metagenome analysis of nodule endospheres revealed that the root nodules comprised over 90% bacterial DNA, whereas metatranscriptome analysis showed that the plant produces vastly more transcripts than the microbes in these nodules. Control inoculations demonstrated that four out of six Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, or Ensifer isolates purified from P. cineraria nodules produced nodules in the roots of P. cineraria seedlings under greenhouse conditions. The best nodulation was achieved when seedlings were inoculated with a mixture of those bacterial strains. Though root nodulation could be achieved under water stress conditions, nodule number and nodule biomass increased with copious water availability. .IMPORTANCEMicrobial communities were investigated in roots and root nodules of Prosopis cineraria, a leguminous tree species in arid Asian regions that is responsible for exceptionally important contributions to soil fertility in these dramatically dry locations. Soil removed from regions near nodule-free roots on these mature plants contained an abundance of bacteria with the genetic ability to generate nodules and fix nitrogen but did not normally nodulate in their native rhizosphere environment, suggesting a very different co-evolved relationship than that observed for herbaceous legumes. The relative over-expression of the low-gene-density plant DNA compared to the bacterial DNA in the nodules was also unexpected, indicating a very powerful induction of host genetic contributions within the nodule. Finally, the water dependence of nodulation in inoculated seedlings suggested a possible link between early seedling growth (before a deep root system can be developed) and the early development of nitrogen-fixing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ali
- Mitrix Bio., Inc., Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Khaled M Hazzouri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | | | - Mohammed Rafi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Mariam Al-Nuaimi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Shina Sasi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Eric Antepenko
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Khaled M A Amiri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
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Martinez-Romero E, Peix A, Hungria M, Mousavi SA, Martinez-Romero J, Young P. Guidelines for the description of rhizobial symbiovars. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:006373. [PMID: 38743471 PMCID: PMC11165908 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhizobia are bacteria that form nitrogen-fixing nodules in legume plants. The sets of genes responsible for both nodulation and nitrogen fixation are carried in plasmids or genomic islands that are often mobile. Different strains within a species sometimes have different host specificities, while very similar symbiosis genes may be found in strains of different species. These specificity variants are known as symbiovars, and many of them have been given names, but there are no established guidelines for defining or naming them. Here, we discuss the requirements for guidelines to describe symbiovars, propose a set of guidelines, provide a list of all symbiovars for which descriptions have been published so far, and offer a mechanism to maintain a list in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alvaro Peix
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IRNASA, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Peter Young
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
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Bennis M, Kaddouri K, Badaoui B, Bouhnik O, Chaddad Z, Perez-Tapia V, Lamin H, Alami S, Lamrabet M, Abdelmoumen H, Bedmar EJ, Missbah El Idrissi M. Plant growth promoting activities of Pseudomonas sp. and Enterobacter sp. isolated from the rhizosphere of Vachellia gummifera in Morocco. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad114. [PMID: 37742210 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Moroccan endemic Vachellia gummifera grows wild under extreme desert conditions. This plant could be used as an alternative fodder for goats, and camels, in order to protect the Argan forests against overgrazing in Central and Southwestern Moroccan semiarid areas. With the aim to improve the V. gummifera population's density in semiarid areas, we proposed its inoculation with performing plant growth-promoting bacteria. Hence, 500 bacteria were isolated from the plant rhizosphere. From these, 291 isolates were retained for plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities assessment. A total of 44 isolates showed the best phosphates solubilization potential, as well as siderophore and auxin production. The combination of REP-PCR (repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction) fingerprinting, PGP activities, and phenotypic properties, allowed the selection of three strains for the inoculation experiments. The three selected strains' 16S rRNA sequencing showed that they are members of the Enterobacter and Pseudomonas genera. The inoculation with three strains had diverse effects on V. gummifera growth parameters. All single and combined inoculations improved the plant shoot weight by more than 200%, and the root length by up to 139%, while some combinations further improved protein and chlorophyll content, thereby improving the plant's forage value. The three selected strains constitute an effective inoculum for use in the arid and semiarid zones of southern Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryeme Bennis
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Koutar Kaddouri
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Bouabid Badaoui
- Laboratoire de Zoologie et de Biologie Générale, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Omar Bouhnik
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Zohra Chaddad
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Vicente Perez-Tapia
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbíoticos Estacíon Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado Postal 419, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Hanane Lamin
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Soufiane Alami
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Mouad Lamrabet
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Hanaa Abdelmoumen
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
| | - Eulogio J Bedmar
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbíoticos Estacíon Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado Postal 419, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Mustapha Missbah El Idrissi
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat 10080, Morocco
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Hnini M, El Attar I, Taha K, Aurag J. Genetic diversity, symbiotic efficiency, stress tolerance, and plant growth promotion traits of rhizobia nodulating Vachellia tortilis subsp. raddiana growing in dryland soils in southern Morocco. Syst Appl Microbiol 2023; 46:126434. [PMID: 37210974 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2023.126434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we analyzed the genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships, stress tolerance, phytobeneficial traits, and symbiotic characteristics of rhizobial strains isolated from root nodules of Vachellia tortilis subsp. raddiana grown in soils collected in the extreme Southwest of the Anti-Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Subsequent to Rep-PCR fingerprinting, 16S rDNA gene sequencing of 15 representative strains showed that all of them belong to the genus Ensifer. Phylogenetic analysis and concatenation of the housekeeping genes gyrB, rpoB, recA, and dnaK revealed that the entire collection (except strain LMR678) shared 99.08 % to 99.92% similarity with Ensifer sp. USDA 257 and 96.92% to 98.79% with Sinorhizobium BJ1. Phylogenetic analysis of nodC and nodA sequences showed that all strains but one (LMR678) formed a phylogenetic group with the type strain "E. aridi" LMR001T (similarity over 98%). Moreover, it was relevant that most strains belong to the symbiovar vachelliae. In vitro tests revealed that five strains produced IAA, four solubilized inorganic phosphate, and one produced siderophores. All strains showed tolerance to NaCl concentrations ranging from 2 to 12% and grew at up to 10% of PEG6000. A greenhouse plant inoculation test conducted during five months demonstrated that most rhizobial strains were infective and efficient. Strains LMR688, LMR692, and LMR687 exhibited high relative symbiotic efficiency values (respectively 231.6 %, 171.96 %, and 140.84 %). These strains could be considered as the most suitable candidates for inoculation of V. t. subsp. raddiana, to be used as a pioneer plant for restoring arid soils threatened with desertification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hnini
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Imane El Attar
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kaoutar Taha
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jamal Aurag
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, 10000 Rabat, Morocco.
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Hsouna J, Gritli T, Ilahi H, Ellouze W, Mansouri M, Chihaoui SA, Bouhnik O, Missbah El Idrissi M, Abdelmoumen H, Wipf D, Courty PE, Bekki A, Tambong JT, Mnasri B. Genotypic and symbiotic diversity studies of rhizobia nodulating Acacia saligna in Tunisia reveal two novel symbiovars within the Rhizobium leguminosarum complex and Bradyrhizobium. Syst Appl Microbiol 2022; 45:126343. [PMID: 35759954 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2022.126343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Acacia saligna is an invasive alien species that has the ability to establish symbiotic relationships with rhizobia. In the present study, genotypic and symbiotic diversity of native rhizobia associated with A. saligna in Tunisia were studied. A total of 100 bacterial strains were selected and three different ribotypes were identified based on rrs PCR-RFLP analysis. Sequence analyses of rrs and four housekeeping genes (recA, atpD, gyrB and glnII) assigned 30 isolates to four putative new lineages and a single strain to Sinorhizobium meliloti. Thirteen slow-growing isolates representing the most dominant IGS (intergenic spacer) profile clustered distinctly from known rhizobia species within Bradyrhizobium with the closest related species being Bradyrhizobium shewense and Bradyrhizobium niftali, which had 95.17% and 95.1% sequence identity, respectively. Two slow-growing isolates, 1AS28L and 5AS6L, had B. frederekii as their closest species with a sequence identity of 95.2%, an indication that these strains could constitute a new lineage. Strains 1AS14I, 1AS12I and 6AS6 clustered distinctly from known rhizobia species but within the Rhizobium leguminosarum complex (Rlc) with the most closely related species being Rhizobium indicum with 96.3% sequence identity. Similarly, the remaining 11 strains showed 96.9 % and 97.2% similarity values with R. changzhiense and R. indicum, respectively. Based on nodC and nodA phylogenies and cross inoculation tests, these 14 strains of Rlc species clearly diverged from strains of Sinorhizobium and Rlc symbiovars, and formed a new symbiovar for which the name sv. "salignae" is proposed. Bacterial strains isolated in this study that were taxonomically assigned to Bradyrhizobium harbored different symbiotic genes and the data suggested a new symbiovar, for which sv. "cyanophyllae" is proposed. Isolates formed effective nodules on A. saligna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihed Hsouna
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agroecosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP 901 Hammam-lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Takwa Gritli
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agroecosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP 901 Hammam-lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Houda Ilahi
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agroecosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP 901 Hammam-lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Walid Ellouze
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Avenue North, Vineland Station, Ontario L0R 2E0, Canada.
| | - Maroua Mansouri
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agroecosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP 901 Hammam-lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Saif-Allah Chihaoui
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agroecosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP 901 Hammam-lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Omar Bouhnik
- Faculty of Sciences, Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Missbah El Idrissi
- Faculty of Sciences, Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanaa Abdelmoumen
- Faculty of Sciences, Centre de Biotechnologies Végétale et Microbienne, Biodiversité et Environnement, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Abdelkader Bekki
- Laboratory of Rhizobia Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, University Oran1, Es Senia 31000, Algeria
| | - James T Tambong
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Bacem Mnasri
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agroecosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP 901 Hammam-lif 2050, Tunisia.
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The leguminous trees Vachellia seyal (Del.) and Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC and their association with rhizobial strains from the root-influence zone of the grass Sporobolus robustus Kunth. Symbiosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-021-00763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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8
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Paulitsch F, Delamuta JRM, Ribeiro RA, da Silva Batista JS, Hungria M. Phylogeny of symbiotic genes reveals symbiovars within legume-nodulating Paraburkholderia species. Syst Appl Microbiol 2020; 43:126151. [PMID: 33171385 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2020.126151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genus Paraburkholderia are capable of establishing symbiotic relationships with plants belonging to the Fabaceae (=Leguminosae) family and fixing the atmospheric nitrogen in specialized structures in the roots called nodules, in a process known as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). In the nodulation and BNF processes several bacterial symbiotic genes are involved, but the relations between symbiotic, core genes and host specificity are still poorly studied and understood in Paraburkholderia. In this study, eight strains of nodulating nitrogen-fixing Paraburkholderia isolated in Brazil, together with described species and other reference strains were used to infer the relatedness between core (16S rDNA, recA) and symbiotic (nod, nif, fix) genes. The diversity of genes involved in the nodulation (nodAC) and nitrogen fixation (nifH) abilities was investigated. Only two groups, one containing three Paraburkholderia species symbionts of Mimosa, and another one with P. ribeironis strains presented similar phylogenetic patterns in the analysis of core and symbiotic genes. In three other groups events of horizontal gene transfer of symbiotic genes were detected. Paraburkholderia strains with available genomes were used in the complementary analysis of nifHDK and fixABC and confirmed well-defined phylogenetic positions of symbiotic genes. In all analyses of nod, nif and fix genes the strains were distributed into five clades with high bootstrap support, allowing the proposal of five symbiovars in nodulating nitrogen-fixing Paraburkholderia, designated as mimosae, africana, tropicalis, atlantica and piptadeniae. Phylogenetic inferences within each symbiovar are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Paulitsch
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, SBN, Quadra 2, Bloco L, Lote 06, Edifício Capes, 70.040-020 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Jakeline Renata Marçon Delamuta
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Renan Augusto Ribeiro
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Jesiane Stefania da Silva Batista
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 - Uvaranas, C.P. 6001, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030‑900, Brazil.
| | - Mariangela Hungria
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
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Lamin H, Alami S, Bouhnik O, Bennis M, Benkritly S, Abdelmoumen H, Bedmar EJ, Missbah-El Idrissi M. Identification of the endosymbionts from Sulla spinosissima growing in a lead mine tailings in Eastern Morocco as Mesorhizobium camelthorni sv. aridi. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:948-959. [PMID: 32866324 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the bacteria nodulating Sulla spinosissima growing profusely in a lead and zinc mine tailings in Eastern Morocco. METHODS AND RESULTS In all, 32 rhizobial cultures, isolated from root nodules of S. spinosissima growing in soils of the mining site, were tolerant to different heavy metals. The ERIC-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting analysis clustered the isolates into seven different groups, and the analysis of the 16S rRNA sequences of four selected representative strains, showed they were related to different species of the genus Mesorhizobium. The atpD, glnII and recA housekeeping genes analysis confirmed the affiliation of the four representative strains to Mesorhizobium camelthorni CCNWXJ40-4T , with similarity percentages varying from 96·30 to 98·30%. The sequences of the nifH gene had 97·33-97·78% similarities with that of M. camelthorni CCNWXJ40-4T ; however, the nodC phylogeny of the four strains diverged from the type and other reference strains of M. camelthorni and formed a separated cluster. The four strains nodulate also Astragalus gombiformis and A. armatus but did not nodulate A. boeticus, Vachellia gummifera, Prosopis chilensis, Cicer arietinum, Lens culinaris, Medicago truncatula, Lupinus luteus or Phaseolus vulgaris. CONCLUSIONS Based on similarities of the nodC symbiotic gene and differences in the host range, the strains isolated from S. spinosissima growing in soils of the Sidi Boubker mining site may form a different symbiovar within Mesorhizobium for which the name aridi is proposed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY In this work, we show that strains of M. camelthorni species nodulating S. spinosissima in the arid area of Eastern Morocco constitute a distinct phylogenetic clade of nodulation genes; we named symbiovar aridi, which encompasses also mesorhizobia from other Mediterranean desert legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lamin
- Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - S Alami
- Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - O Bouhnik
- Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - M Bennis
- Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - S Benkritly
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rhizobiums et Amélioration des Plantes (LBRAP), Département de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Es Senia, Algeria
| | - H Abdelmoumen
- Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - E J Bedmar
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - M Missbah-El Idrissi
- Centre de Biotechnologies végétales et microbiennes, Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Lu Z, Bi J, Wan X. Artemisinin sensitizes tumor cells to NK cell-mediated cytolysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:418-423. [PMID: 32007276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The antimalarial drug Artemisinin has been reported to possess direct anti-tumor effects on various types of tumor cells. However, its anti-tumor potential has not been fully revealed, and its effects on tumor susceptibility to immune surveillance by the host are still unknown. Natural killer (NK) cells are the first line in tumor surveillance by the host, and have been recognized as a promising target for tumor immunotherapy. Here, we reported that Artemisinin sensitized tumor cells to NK cell cytolysis. Both human K562 and Raji tumor cells, and mouse YAC-1 tumor cells were more susceptible to human or mouse NK cell cytolysis in vitro after Artemisinin pretreatment. Conjugation formation between tumor cells and NK cells was increased after pretreatment with Artemisinin. Such effects on tumor cells by Artemisinin might not be the results of tumor recognition by NK cells, since major ligands of NK cell surface receptors were not affected. Mechanistically, although Artemisinin didn't induce tumor cell apoptosis, Artemisinin enriched apoptosis-related gene sets in these tumor cells, which might predispose tumor cells to apoptosis upon NK cell cytolysis. Moreover, NK cell numbers, percentages, maturation and functions were preserved in the presence of Artemisinin in vitro, suggesting that Artemisinin displays detrimental effects only on tumor cells but not on immune cells. These data reveal a novel anti-tumor mechanism of Artemisinin and demonstrate that Artemisinin could be a promising drug candidate for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Bi
- Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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The widely distributed legume tree Vachellia (Acacia) nilotica subsp. indica is nodulated by genetically diverse Ensifer strains in India. Symbiosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-019-00658-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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