1
|
Lee ES, Kim S, Lee SW, Jung J, Lee SH, Na HW, Kim HJ, Hong YD, Park WS, Lee TG, Jo DG, Kim SH. Molecule-Resolved Visualization of Particulate Matter on Human Skin Using Multimodal Nonlinear Optical Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105199. [PMID: 34069002 PMCID: PMC8156198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise measurement of particulate matter (PM) on skin is important for managing and preventing PM-related skin diseases. This study aims to directly visualize the deposition and penetration of PM into human skin using a multimodal nonlinear optical (MNLO) imaging system. We successfully obtained PM particle signals by merging two different sources, C–C vibrational frequency and autofluorescence, while simultaneously visualizing the anatomical features of the skin via keratin, collagen, and elastin. As a result, we found morphologically dependent PM deposition, as well as increased deposition following disruption of the skin barrier via tape-stripping. Furthermore, PM penetrated more and deeper into the skin with an increase in the number of tape-strippings, causing a significant increase in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our results suggest that MNLO imaging could be a useful technique for visualizing and quantifying the spatial distribution of PM in ex vivo human skin tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Soo Lee
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Development Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (E.-S.L.); (S.H.L.); (H.-W.N.); (H.-J.K.); (Y.D.H.); (W.S.P.)
| | - Suho Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.K.); (D.-G.J.)
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (T.G.L.)
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (T.G.L.)
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jinsang Jung
- Gas Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Development Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (E.-S.L.); (S.H.L.); (H.-W.N.); (H.-J.K.); (Y.D.H.); (W.S.P.)
| | - Hye-Won Na
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Development Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (E.-S.L.); (S.H.L.); (H.-W.N.); (H.-J.K.); (Y.D.H.); (W.S.P.)
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Development Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (E.-S.L.); (S.H.L.); (H.-W.N.); (H.-J.K.); (Y.D.H.); (W.S.P.)
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Development Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (E.-S.L.); (S.H.L.); (H.-W.N.); (H.-J.K.); (Y.D.H.); (W.S.P.)
| | - Won Seok Park
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Development Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (E.-S.L.); (S.H.L.); (H.-W.N.); (H.-J.K.); (Y.D.H.); (W.S.P.)
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (T.G.L.)
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.K.); (D.-G.J.)
| | - Se-Hwa Kim
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (S.-W.L.); (T.G.L.)
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ji Y, Wang Y, Shen D, Kang Q, Ma J, Chen L. Revisiting the cellular toxicity of benzo[ a]pyrene from the view of nanoclusters: size- and nanoplastic adsorption-dependent bioavailability. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1016-1028. [PMID: 33393578 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06747d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (Bap) is one of the main organic pollutants in the atmospheric haze that is rich in fine water drops and particulate matters. The understanding of the Bap's form in water is of great importance to unveil its real biological effects toward the respiratory system. To date, various reports have documented its toxicological effects in the molecular form. Herein, we found that Bap existed as self-aggregated nanoclusters of tunable sizes rather than as dissolved molecules in water and different sized nanoclusters illustrated varied cytotoxicity. These findings indicated that the size, which has been ignored in previous studies, is also a dominant parameter similar to the molecular concentration for determining Bap's cytotoxicity. Polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles, as a model for nanoplastics, could adsorb Bap nanoclusters and serve as carriers that enter the cells. The combination effect interestingly altered the cytotoxicity distinction of Bap of different sizes. The intracellular fate of the nanoparticles and subcellular organelle damages were studied to unveil the mechanisms of cytotoxic distinction. Small Bap nanoclusters entered cells faster than their large counterparts. The Bap of the PS@Bap complex was stably adsorbed on PS at the early stages of endocytosis until it was detached during the lysosomal transport and maturation process. The dissociated Bap may bypass the lysosome pathway and be released into the cytosol with a nanocluster structure or relocate into the endoplasmic reticulum. On the other hand, the detached PS preferred to bind to the mitochondria or be excreted out of the cell via the lysosomal pathway. Moreover, the PS@Bap complex resulted in a significant loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced apoptosis through the mitochondria-involved apoptosis pathway. This study provides a new perspective towards the toxicological mechanism of insoluble hydrophobic organic compounds and reveals the environmental significance of nanoplastics for regulating the biological effects of conventional pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Ji
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China. and CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Yunqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China. and Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Dazhong Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Qi Kang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Jiping Ma
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China. and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China and Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lagadic-Gossmann D, Hardonnière K, Mograbi B, Sergent O, Huc L. Disturbances in H + dynamics during environmental carcinogenesis. Biochimie 2019; 163:171-183. [PMID: 31228544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the improvement of diagnostic methods and anticancer therapeutics, the human population is still facing an increasing incidence of several types of cancers. According to the World Health Organization, this growing trend would be partly linked to our environment, with around 20% of cancers stemming from exposure to environmental contaminants, notably chemicals like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are widespread pollutants in our environment resulting from incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic material, and thus produced by both natural and anthropic sources; notably benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), i.e. the prototypical molecule of this family, that can be detected in cigarette smoke, diesel exhaust particles, occupational-related fumes, and grilled food. This molecule is a well-recognized carcinogen belonging to group 1 carcinogens. Indeed, it can target the different steps of the carcinogenic process and all cancer hallmarks. Interestingly, H+ dynamics have been described as key parameters for the occurrence of several, if not all, of these hallmarks. However, information regarding the role of such parameters during environmental carcinogenesis is still very scarce. The present review will thus mainly give an overview of the impact of B[a]P on H+ dynamics in liver cells, and will show how such alterations might impact different aspects related to the finely-tuned balance between cell death and survival processes, thereby likely favoring environmental carcinogenesis. In total, the main objective of this review is to encourage further research in this poorly explored field of environmental molecular toxicology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Kévin Hardonnière
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Baharia Mograbi
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice (IRCAN), INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR7284, 2. Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, F-06107, France
| | - Odile Sergent
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Laurence Huc
- INRA, ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sar D, Kim B, Ostadhossein F, Misra SK, Pan D. Revisiting Polyarenes and Related Molecules: An Update of Synthetic Approaches and Structure-Activity-Mechanistic Correlation for Carcinogenesis. CHEM REC 2018; 18:619-658. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinabandhu Sar
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Biomedical Research Center, Office 3304; 3rd Floor, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 N. Busey Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 North Busey Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA
| | | | - Fatemeh Ostadhossein
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Biomedical Research Center, Office 3304; 3rd Floor, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 N. Busey Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 North Busey Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Santosh K. Misra
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Biomedical Research Center, Office 3304; 3rd Floor, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 N. Busey Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 North Busey Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Biomedical Research Center, Office 3304; 3rd Floor, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 N. Busey Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute and Carle Foundation Hospital; 502 North Busey Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; 61801 USA
- Beckman Institute; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao L, Pan L, Guo R, Miao J. Expression profiles of different glutathione S-transferase isoforms in scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene in combination and alone. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:480-488. [PMID: 28460308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are increasingly exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to anthropogenic pressure. This study aimed at evaluating the response of Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in scallop Chlamys farreri against benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and chrysene (CHR) exposure under laboratory conditions. Nine published GST genes were classified into six subfamilies and a new member of rho family was identified for the first time. Twelve GSTs (including nine published GST genes and three in transcriptome established by our laboratory) mRNA transcript levels in the gills, digestive glands, adductor muscle, mantle, testis, ovaries, blood cells of scallops were measured by real-time PCR. The results showed that the mRNA transcript levels of twelve GSTs, except GST-zeta, GST-mu and GST-microsomal, were highest in digestive gland. Accordingly, the mRNA expression levels of GSTs were measured in digestive glands of scallops exposed to BaP (0.1μg/L and 1μg/L), CHR (0.1μg/L and 1μg/L) and their mixtures (0.1μg/L BaP +0.1μg/L CHR and 1μg/L BaP +1μg/L CHR). The results indicated that different GST had specific response to different pollution exposure. In BaP exposure experiment, the mRNA expression level of GST-theta was a potential suitable biomarker. GST-sigma-2 and GST-3, which belonged to sigma class, were sensitive to CHR exposure while GST-microsomal was considered a potential ideal bioindicator to joint exposure of BaP and CHR. In summary, this study investigated the classification of GSTs and provided information about the expression profiles of different class GSTs after PAHs exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guo R, Pan L, Lin P, Zheng L. The detoxification responses, damage effects and bioaccumulation in the scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to single and mixtures of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 191:36-51. [PMID: 27627846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the detoxification responses, damage effects and biotransformation in scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (0.1, 1μg/L), chrysene (CHR) (0.1, 1μg/L) and BaP+CHR (0.1+0.1, 1+1μg/L) for 15days. Results demonstrated that BaP and CHR concentration (BaP<CHR) in tissues increased rapidly in a time and dose effect. The mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP1B1, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were induced especially in the mixtures of BaP and CHR. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) mRNA expression was significantly elevated at days 1, 10 and 15. Detoxification enzymes of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), uridine-diphosphate-glucuronyl-transferase (UGT) and sulfotransferase (SULT) were significantly induced and then became stable gradually while glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was inhibited in the mixtures of BaP and CHR at days 10 and 15. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were all stimulated especially in the mixtures of BaP and CHR. The levels of DNA strand breaks, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) contents showed damage effects exposed BaP and CHR. All the results indicated that BaP and CHR have similar induced effect and a majority of the biomarkers pointed to a more toxic effect when BaP and CHR were mixed. These will provide a solid foundation for the study of PAHs detoxification mechanism in bivalves and valuable information for marine pollution monitoring.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/metabolism
- Animals
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Benzo(a)pyrene/metabolism
- Benzo(a)pyrene/toxicity
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Body Burden
- Chrysenes/metabolism
- Chrysenes/toxicity
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/metabolism
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Environmental Monitoring/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Pectinidae/drug effects
- Pectinidae/genetics
- Pectinidae/metabolism
- Protein Carbonylation/drug effects
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/drug effects
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Pengfei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schmitt EE, Barhoumi R, Metz RP, Porter WW. Circadian Regulation of Benzo[a]Pyrene Metabolism and DNA Adduct Formation in Breast Cells and the Mouse Mammary Gland. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 91:178-188. [PMID: 28007926 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.106740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock plays a role in many biologic processes, yet very little is known about its role in metabolism of drugs and carcinogens. The purpose of this study was to define the impact of circadian rhythms on benzo-a-pyrene (BaP) metabolism in the mouse mammary gland and develop a circadian in vitro model for investigating changes in BaP metabolism resulting from cross-talk between the molecular clock and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Female 129sv mice (12 weeks old) received a single gavage dose of 50 mg/kg BaP at either noon or midnight, and mammary tissues were isolated 4 or 24 hours later. BaP-induced Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 mRNA levels were higher 4 hours after dosing at noon than at 4 hours after dosing at midnight, and this corresponded with parallel changes in Per gene expression. In our in vitro model, we dosed MCF10A mammary cells at different times after serum shock to study how time of day shifts drug metabolism in cells. Analysis of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression showed the maximum enzyme-induced metabolism response 12 and 20 hours after shock, as determined by ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity, metabolism of BaP, and formation of DNA-BaP adducts. The pattern of PER-, BMAL-, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-induced P450 gene expression and BaP metabolism was similar to BaP-induced Cyp1A1 and Cyp1B1 and molecular clock gene expression in mouse mammary glands. These studies indicate time-of-day exposure influences BaP metabolism in mouse mammary glands and describe an in vitro model that can be used to investigate the circadian influence on the metabolism of carcinogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Schmitt
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Rola Barhoumi
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Richard P Metz
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Weston W Porter
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ali R, Trump S, Lehmann I, Hanke T. Live cell imaging of the intracellular compartmentalization of the contaminate benzo[a]pyrene. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:361-371. [PMID: 24700684 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the cellular response of murine hepatoma cells to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) using two-photon and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The intracellular distribution of B[a]P and the B[a]P/AhR complex was visualized time- and concentration-dependent for up to 48 h of exposure. B[a]P was predominantly found in lipid droplets, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, where B[a]P is collected and forms large aggregates. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and bleb formation due to high B[a]P concentrations were observed. The imaging data presented in this study provide new insights into the systemic cellular regulation following B[a]P exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ali
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Saskia Trump
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Hanke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu T, Pan L, Jin Q, Cai Y. Differential gene expression analysis of benzo(a)pyrene toxicity in the clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 115:126-136. [PMID: 25686690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known for their carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic properties. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) possesses the greatest carcinogenic potential among the various PAHs. In this study, digital gene expression (DGE) was performed to investigate the digestive gland transcriptome profile of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to BaP. A total of 10,508,312 and 11,414,297 clean reads were generated respectively, from control and BaP exposure DGE libraries. One hundred and forty-five differentially expressed genes were detected after comparing two libraries with 58 up-regulated and 87 down-regulated genes. GO annotation and KEGG pathway analyses were performed on all genes to understand their biological functions and processes. The results showed that numerous enriched differentially expressed genes are related to growth and development, antioxidant metabolism, apoptosis and detoxification metabolism. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to verify the expressed genes of DGE. Our results provide evidences that RNA-seq is a powerful tool for toxicology and capable of generating novel and valuable information at the transcriptome level for characterizing deleterious effects caused by BaP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Qian Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuefeng Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu D, Pan L, Li Z, Cai Y, Miao J. Metabolites analysis, metabolic enzyme activities and bioaccumulation in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 107:251-259. [PMID: 25011122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A study was performed on clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) exposed to 0.03, 0.3 and 3μg/L benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) for 21 days. B[a]P metabolite contents, activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), epoxide hydrolase (EH), dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), sulfotransferase (SULT) and uridinediphosphate glucuronyltransferase (UGT) and B[a]P bioaccumulation were assayed in gills and digestive glands. Results showed that the order of B[a]P phase I metabolite contents was 9-hydroxy-B[a]P>B[a]P-1,6-dione>B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol, and the concentration of B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol sulfate conjugates was higher than that of B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol glucuronide conjugates. B[a]P accumulation and the activities of AHH, EROD, EH, DD, SULT and UGT increased first and then reached equilibrium. GST activity was induced first and then depressed. The concentration of B[a]P was far higher than that of its metabolites. Besides, there were no significant differences between enzyme activities in gills and those in digestive glands. These results provided information on B[a]P metabolic mechanism in bivalve and scientific data for pollution monitoring and food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Zhen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yuefeng Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ren X, Pan L, Wang L. Metabolic enzyme activities, metabolism-related genes expression and bioaccumulation in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 104:79-86. [PMID: 24636950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on metabolic detoxification system and bioaccumulation of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In this study, juvenile white shrimp L. vannamei were exposed for 21 days at four different concentrations of 0, 0.03, 0.3 and 3μg/L. Detoxification enzyme activities of phase I (aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), epoxide hydrolase (EH)) and phase II (glutathione-S-transferase (GST), sulfotransferase (SULT), uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase (UGT)) were determined, and results showed that all the detoxification enzyme activities increased in a dose-dependent manner except for the low BaP exposure. Transcription of genes was detected and measured by real-time RT-PCR. It showed that at day six BaP increased cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, GST, SULT visa aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner, which suggests that they could be potential targets of BaP that disrupt the detoxification system. The consistency of their responses to BaP exposure implies that AhR action may be involved in invertebrate CYP regulation. Additionally, BaP bioaccumulation increased rapidly first and showed an incoming plateau. Besides, the enzyme activities and bioaccumulation in the hepatopancreas were higher than those in the gills. These results will not only provide information on BaP metabolic mechanism for this species, but also scientific data for pollution monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianyun Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Lin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Barhoumi R, Mouneimne Y, Chapkin RS, Burghardt RC. Effects of fatty acids on benzo[a]pyrene uptake and metabolism in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90908. [PMID: 24651647 PMCID: PMC3961214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with natural chemoprotective agents is receiving considerable attention because of health benefits and lack of toxicity. In recent in vivo and in vitro experimental studies, diets rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been shown to provide significant anti-tumor action. In this investigation, the effects of control fatty acids (oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA)) and n-3 PUFA, e.g., docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the uptake and metabolism of the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was investigated in A549 cells, a human adenocarcinoma alveolar basal epithelial cell line. A549 cells activate BaP through the cytochrome P450 enzyme system to form reactive metabolites, a few of which covalently bind to DNA and proteins. Therefore, multiphoton microscopy spectral analysis combined with linear unmixing was used to identify the parent compound and BaP metabolites formed in cells, in the presence and absence of fatty acids. The relative abundance of select metabolites was associated with altered P450 activity as determined using ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity in cells cultured in the presence of BSA-conjugated fatty acids. In addition, the parent compound within cellular membranes increases significantly in the presence of each of the fatty acids, with the greatest accumulation observed following DHA treatment. DHA treated cells exhibit significantly lower pyrene-like metabolites indicative of lower adducts including DNA adducts compared to control BSA, OA or LA treated cells. Further, DHA reduced the abundance of the proximate carcinogen BaP 7,8-dihydrodiol and the 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene metabolites compared to other treatments. The significant changes in BaP metabolites in DHA treated cells may be mediated by the effects on the physicochemical properties of the membrane known to affect enzyme activity related to phase I and phase II metabolism. In summary, DHA is a highly bioactive chemo-protective agent capable of modulating BaP-induced DNA adducts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rola Barhoumi
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Burghardt
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|