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Hou Y, Liu X, Qin Y, Hou Y, Hou J, Wu Q, Xu W. Zebrafish as model organisms for toxicological evaluations in the field of food science. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3481-3505. [PMID: 37458294 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Food safety has long been an area of concern. The selection of stable and efficient model organisms is particularly important for food toxicology studies. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are small model vertebrates, and 70% of human genes have at least one zebrafish ortholog. Zebrafish have advantages as model organisms due to their short life cycle, strong reproductive ability, easy rearing, and low cost. Zebrafish embryos have the advantage of being sensitive to the breeding environment and thus have been used as biosensors. Zebrafish and their embryos have been widely used for food toxicology assessments. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive summary of food toxicology studies using zebrafish as model organisms. First, we briefly introduce the multidimensional mechanisms and structure-activity relationship studies of food toxicological assessment. Second, we categorize these studies according to eight types of hazards in foods, including mycotoxins, pesticides, antibiotics, heavy metals, endocrine disruptors, food additives, nanoparticles, and other food-related ingredients. Finally, we list the applications of zebrafish in food toxicology studies in line with future research prospects, aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers in the field of food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xixia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yaoyao Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjun Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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2
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Görmez Ö, Doğan Çalhan S, Gözmen B. Degradation of isoniazid by anodic oxidation and subcritical water oxidation methods: Application of Box-Behnken design. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2022; 40:1-26. [PMID: 35895932 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2022.2026192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounds released into the aquatic environment are known to cause toxic effects on the environment. Isoniazid is widely used in the treatment of tuberculosis and is, therefore, frequently encountered in environmental waters. In this study, the degradation of isoniazid was investigated by anodic oxidation and subcritical water oxidation method which are members of Advanced Oxidation Processes. The Box-Behnken Design was used to determine the effects of current, initial concentration, and electrolysis time on mineralization in the anodic oxidation process, which carried out a cell with a Pt cathode and boron-doped diamond anode. The highest mineralization value of 78.14% was achieved at optimal conditions of 300 mA, 3 h, and 100 mg/L initial concentration. The degradation of Isoniazid was also investigated under subcritical water conditions using an ecological oxidizing agent, H2O2. The maximum mineralization rate of 72.23% was obtained when 100 mM H2O2 was used for a 90 min treatment at 125 °C for 100 mg/L Isoniazid solution in the subcritical water oxidation process. The LC-MS results showed that the degradation products obtained by AO and SWO methods were different from each other. Finally, possible degradation mechanisms are proposed according to the degradation products obtained for both processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özkan Görmez
- Department of Chemistry, Arts and Science Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Selda Doğan Çalhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Belgin Gözmen
- Department of Chemistry, Arts and Science Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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3
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Scrivner O, Dao L, Newell-Rogers MK, Shahandeh B, Meyskens FL, Kozawa SK, Liu-Smith F, Plascencia-Villa G, José-Yacamán M, Jia S, Chang CJ, Farmer PJ. The ionophore thiomaltol induces rapid lysosomal accumulation of copper and apoptosis in melanoma. Metallomics 2022; 14:mfab074. [PMID: 34958363 PMCID: PMC8763036 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we investigate the toxicity of the ionophore thiomaltol (Htma) and Cu salts to melanoma. Divalent metal complexes of thiomaltol display toxicity against A375 melanoma cell culture resulting in a distinct apoptotic response at submicromolar concentrations, with toxicity of Cu(tma)2 > Zn(tma)2 >> Ni(tma)2. In metal-chelated media, Htma treatment shows little toxicity, but the combination with supplemental CuCl2, termed Cu/Htma treatment, results in toxicity that increases with suprastoichiometric concentrations of CuCl2 and correlates with the accumulation of intracellular copper. Electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy of Cu/Htma treated cells shows a rapid accumulation of copper within lysosomes over the course of hours, concurrent with the onset of apoptosis. A buildup of ubiquitinated proteins due to proteasome inhibition is seen on the same timescale and correlates with increases of copper without additional Htma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottis Scrivner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Long Dao
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - M Karen Newell-Rogers
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | | | | | - Susan Kurumi Kozawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Feng Liu-Smith
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Germán Plascencia-Villa
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Miguel José-Yacamán
- Applied Physics and Materials Science Department and MIRA Center, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Shang Jia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Patrick J Farmer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
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4
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Koch BEV, Spaink HP, Meijer AH. A quantitative in vivo assay for craniofacial developmental toxicity of histone deacetylases. Toxicol Lett 2021; 342:20-25. [PMID: 33581288 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many bony features of the face develop from endochondral ossification of preexisting collagen-rich cartilage structures. The proper development of these cartilage structures is essential to the morphological formation of the face. The developmental programs governing the formation of the pre-bone facial cartilages are sensitive to chemical compounds that disturb histone acetylation patterns and chromatin structure. We have taken advantage of this fact to develop a quantitative morphological assay of craniofacial developmental toxicity based on the distortion and deterioration of facial cartilage structures in zebrafish larvae upon exposure to increasing concentrations of several well-described histone deacetylase inhibitors. In this assay, we measure the angle formed by the developing ceratohyal bone as a precise, sensitive and quantitative proxy for the overall developmental status of facial cartilages. Using the well-established developmental toxicant and histone deacetylase-inhibiting compound valproic acid along with 12 structurally related compounds, we demonstrate the applicability of the ceratohyal angle assay to investigate structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjørn E V Koch
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - Herman P Spaink
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, the Netherlands
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Félix LM, Luzio A, Antunes L, Coimbra AM, Valentim AM. Malformations and mortality in zebrafish early stages associated with elevated caspase activity after 24 h exposure to MS-222. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 412:115385. [PMID: 33370555 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) is a commonly used anaesthetic agent for immobilization of aquatic species. However, delayed development and malformations have been observed in 24 hpf (hours post-fertilization) zebrafish embryos after long-term immobilization. Still, no comprehensive study has been described regarding zebrafish exposure to MS-222 during the first hours of development, which are one of the most sensitive life stages to toxicants. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the toxicity of a 24 h exposure to MS-222 on zebrafish embryonic development. Based on the MS-222 LC50, early blastula stage embryos (~2 hpf) were exposed to 0, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg L-1 for 24 h and then allowed to develop up to 144 hpf. The chromatographic analysis showed that this anaesthetic agent bioaccumulates in 26 hpf zebrafish larvae in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, increased mortalities and skeletal abnormalities were observed at 144 hpf, namely in the highest tested concentration. Yet, no craniofacial anomalies were observed either by alcian blue or calcein staining methods. Independently of the tested concentration, decreased speed and distance travelled were perceived in 144 hpf larvae. At the biochemical level, decreased in vivo reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis was observed. Additionally, catalase activity was increased at 26 hpf while results of mRNA expression showed a decreased gclc transcript content at the same time-point. Overall, data obtained highlight the toxicological risk of MS-222 and support ROS-mediated cell death signalling changes through the elevation of catalase activity as an adaptative or protective response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M Félix
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Ana Luzio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M Coimbra
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M Valentim
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
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Ni J, Wang H, Wei X, Shen K, Sha Y, Dong Y, Shu Y, Wan X, Cheng J, Wang F, Liu Y. Isoniazid causes heart looping disorder in zebrafish embryos by the induction of oxidative stress. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:22. [PMID: 32178728 PMCID: PMC7076990 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-0399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardiotoxicity of isoniazid on zebrafish embryos and its underlying mechanism is unclear. METHODS Here, we exposed zebrafish embryos at 4 h post-fertilization to different levels of isoniazid and recorded the morphology and number of malformed and dead embryos under the microscope. RESULTS The high concentration of isoniazid group showed more malformed and dead embryos than the low concentration of isoniazid group and control group. The morphology of the heart and its alteration were visualized using transgenic zebrafish (cmlc2: GFP) and confirmed by in situ hybridization. The negative effects of isoniazid on the developing heart were characterized by lower heart rate and more heart looping disorders. Mechanistically, PCR showed decreased expression of heart-specific transcription factors when exposed to isoniazid. Oxidative stress was induced by isoniazid in cardiomyocytes, mediated by decreased activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase, which were rescued by scavengers of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study demonstrated that isoniazid led to heart looping disturbance by the downregulation of cardiac-specific transcription factors and induction of cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ni
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongye Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiyi Wei
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangjie Shen
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yeqin Sha
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxiang Dong
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yimei Shu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojie Wan
- Clinical School of Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Cheng
- The Medical School of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yihai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Chen X, Fang M, Chernick M, Wang F, Yang J, Yu Y, Zheng N, Teraoka H, Nanba S, Hiraga T, Hinton DE, Dong W. The case for thyroid disruption in early life stage exposures to thiram in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 271:73-81. [PMID: 30408483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thiram, a pesticide in the dithiocarbamate chemical family, is widely used to prevent fungal disease in seeds and crops. Its off-site movement to surface waters occurs and may place aquatic organisms at potential harm. Zebrafish embryos were used for investigation of acute (1 h) thiram exposure (0.001-10 µM) at various developmental stages. Survival decreased at 1 µM and 10 µM and hatching was delayed at 0.1 µM and 1 µM. Notochord curvatures were seen at 0.1 and 1 μM thiram when exposure was initiated at 2 and at 10 hpf. Similar notochord curvatures followed exposure to the known TPO inhibitor, methimazole (MMI). Changes were absent in embryos exposed at later stages, i.e., 12 hpf. In embryos exposed to 0.1 or 1 μM at 10 hpf, levels of the thyroid enzyme, Deiodinase 3, increased by 12 hpf. Thyroid peroxide (TPO), important in T4 synthesis, decreased by 48 hpf in embryos exposed to 1 µM at 10 hpf. Thiram toxicity was stage-dependent and early life stage exposure may be responsible for adverse effects seen later. These effects may be due to impacts on the thyroid via regulation of specific thyroid genes including TPO and Deiodinase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Jingfeng Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Yongli Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Hiroki Teraoka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Satomi Nanba
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Takeo Hiraga
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| | - Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
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8
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Félix LM, Luzio A, Themudo M, Antunes L, Matos M, Coimbra AM, Valentim AM. MS-222 short exposure induces developmental and behavioural alterations in zebrafish embryos. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 81:122-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Fernández I, Gavaia PJ, Laizé V, Cancela ML. Fish as a model to assess chemical toxicity in bone. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 194:208-226. [PMID: 29202272 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental toxicology has been expanding as growing concerns on the impact of produced and released chemical compounds over the environment and human health are being demonstrated. Among the toxic effects observed in organisms exposed to pollutants, those affecting skeletal tissues (osteotoxicity) have been somehow overlooked in comparison to hepato-, immune-, neuro- and/or reproductive toxicities. Nevertheless, sub-lethal effects of toxicants on skeletal development and/or bone maintenance may result in impaired growth, reduced survival rate, increased disease susceptibility and diminished welfare. Osteotoxicity may occur by acute or chronic exposure to different environmental insults. Because of biologically and technically advantagous features - easy to breed and inexpensive to maintain, external and rapid rate of development, translucent larvae and the availability of molecular and genetic tools - the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged in the last decade as a vertebrate model system of choice to evaluate osteotoxicity. Different experimental approaches in fish species and analytical tools have been applied, from in vitro to in vivo systems, from specific to high throughput methodologies. Current knowledge on osteotoxicity and underlying mechanisms gained using fish, with a special emphasis on zebrafish systems, is reviewed here. Osteotoxicants have been classified into four categories according to the pathway involved in the transduction of the osteotoxic effects: activation/inhibition of membrane and/or nuclear receptors, alteration of redox condition, mimicking of bone constituents and unknown pathways. Knowledge on these pathways is also reported here as it may provide critical insights into the development, production and release of future chemical compounds with none or low osteotoxicity, thus promoting the green/environmental friendly chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Fernández
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Paulo J Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vincent Laizé
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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Raghunath A, Perumal E. Analysis of Lethality and Malformations During Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Development. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1797:337-363. [PMID: 29896702 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7883-0_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The versatility offered by zebrafish (Danio rerio) makes it a powerful and an attractive vertebrate model in developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assays. Apart from the newly introduced chemicals as drugs, xenobiotics also induce abnormal developmental abnormalities and congenital malformations in living organisms. Over the recent decades, zebrafish embryo/larva has emerged as a potential tool to test teratogenicity potential of these chemicals. Zebrafish responds to compounds as mammals do as they share similarities in their development, metabolism, physiology, and signaling pathways with that of mammals. The methodology used by the different scientists varies enormously in the zebrafish embryotoxicity test. In this chapter, we present methods to assess lethality and malformations during zebrafish development. We propose two major malformations scoring systems: binomial and relative morphological scoring systems to assess the malformations in zebrafish embryos/larvae. Based on the scoring of the malformations, the test compound can be classified as a teratogen or a nonteratogen and its teratogenic potential is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhwar Raghunath
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
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11
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Lai YH, Ding YJ, Moses D, Chen YH. Teratogenic Effects of Topiramate in a Zebrafish Model. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081721. [PMID: 28783116 PMCID: PMC5578111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Topiramate is commonly used for treating epilepsy in both children and adults. Recent clinical data suggests that administration of topiramate to women during pregnancy increases the risk of oral clefts in their offspring. To better understand the potential effects of topiramate, we dosed adult female zebrafish with topiramate, and investigated the altered morphologies in adult females and their offspring. It showed that topiramate-treated female fish had reduced oocyte maturation, and the survival rates of their offspring were seriously decreased during embryogenesis. In addition, around 23% of offspring displayed cartilage malformation in the craniofacial area, such as loss of ceratobranchial cartilages as well as impaired ceratohyal, Meckel’s cartilage and ethmoid plate development. Moreover, mineralization of ceratohyal, Meckel’s cartilage, and vertebrae were downregulated during bone development. Taken together, we concluded that topiramate impaired oogenesis in the maternal reproductive system, and then caused offspring cartilage malformation or bone dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, No. 55 Huagang Road, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ju Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151 Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - David Moses
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151 Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151 Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
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12
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Félix LM, Serafim C, Martins MJ, Valentim AM, Antunes LM, Matos M, Coimbra AM. Morphological and behavioral responses of zebrafish after 24 h of ketamine embryonic exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 321:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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13
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Tal T, Kilty C, Smith A, LaLone C, Kennedy B, Tennant A, McCollum CW, Bondesson M, Knudsen T, Padilla S, Kleinstreuer N. Screening for angiogenic inhibitors in zebrafish to evaluate a predictive model for developmental vascular toxicity. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 70:70-81. [PMID: 28007540 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemically-induced vascular toxicity during embryonic development may cause a wide range of adverse effects. To identify putative vascular disrupting chemicals (pVDCs), a predictive pVDC signature was constructed from 124 U.S. EPA ToxCast high-throughput screening (HTS) assays and used to rank 1060 chemicals for their potential to disrupt vascular development. Thirty-seven compounds were selected for targeted testing in transgenic Tg(kdrl:EGFP) and Tg(fli1:EGFP) zebrafish embryos to identify chemicals that impair developmental angiogenesis. We hypothesized that zebrafish angiogenesis toxicity data would correlate with human cell-based and cell-free in vitro HTS ToxCast data. Univariate statistical associations used to filter HTS data based on correlations with zebrafish angiogenic inhibition in vivo revealed 132 total significant associations, 33 of which were already captured in the pVDC signature, and 689 non-significant assay associations. Correlated assays were enriched in cytokine and extracellular matrix pathways. Taken together, the findings indicate the utility of zebrafish assays to evaluate an HTS-based predictive toxicity signature and also provide an experimental basis for expansion of the pVDC signature with novel HTS assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Kilty
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Smith
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Brendán Kennedy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Catherine W McCollum
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Bondesson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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Félix LM, Serafim C, Valentim AM, Antunes LM, Campos S, Matos M, Coimbra AM. Embryonic Stage-Dependent Teratogenicity of Ketamine in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1298-309. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís M. Félix
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Cindy Serafim
- Life
Sciences and Environment School (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Valentim
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís M. Antunes
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- School
of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sónia Campos
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Matos
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department
of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Coimbra
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
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15
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Macaulay LJ, Chen A, Rock KD, Dishaw LV, Dong W, Hinton DE, Stapleton HM. Developmental toxicity of the PBDE metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47 in zebrafish and the potential role of thyroid receptor β. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 168:38-47. [PMID: 26433919 PMCID: PMC4618599 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
6-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (6-OH-BDE-47) is both a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardant metabolite and a marine natural product. It has been identified both as a neurotoxicant in cell-based studies and as a developmental toxicant in zebrafish. However, hydroxylated PBDE metabolites are also considered thyroid hormone disruptors due to their structural similarity to endogenous thyroid hormones. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6-OH-BDE-47 on a developmental pathway regulated by thyroid hormones in zebrafish. Morphological measurements of development (head trunk angle, otic vesicle length, and eye pigmentation) were recorded in embryos at 30h post fertilization (hpf) and detailed craniofacial morphology was examined in 4 day old larvae using cartilage staining. Exposure to 6-OH-BDE-47 resulted in severe developmental delays. A 100nM concentration resulted in a 26% decrease in head trunk angle, a 54% increase in otic vesicle length, and a 42% decrease in eye pigmentation. Similarly, altered developmental morphology was observed following thyroid receptor β morpholino knockdown, exposure to the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) or to thyroid disrupting chemicals (TDC; iopanoic acid and propylthiouracil). The threshold for lower jaw deformities and craniofacial cartilage malformations was at doses greater than 50nM. Of interest, these developmental delays and effects were rescued by microinjection of TRβ mRNA during the 1-2 cell stage. These data indicate that OH-BDEs can adversely affect early life development of zebrafish and suggest they may be impacting thyroid hormone regulation in vivo through downregulation of the thyroid hormone receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Macaulay
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Albert Chen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Kylie D Rock
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Laura V Dishaw
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Wu Dong
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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16
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Braunbeck T, Kais B, Lammer E, Otte J, Schneider K, Stengel D, Strecker R. The fish embryo test (FET): origin, applications, and future. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:16247-61. [PMID: 25395325 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Originally designed as an alternative for the acute fish toxicity test according to, e.g., OECD TG 203, the fish embryo test (FET) with the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been optimized, standardized, and validated during an OECD validation study and adopted as OECD TG 236 as a test to assess toxicity of embryonic forms of fish. Given its excellent correlation with the acute fish toxicity test and the fact that non-feeding developmental stages of fish are not categorized as protected stages according to the new European Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, the FET is ready for use not only for range-finding but also as a true alternative for the acute fish toxicity test, as required for a multitude of national and international regulations. If-for ethical reasons-not accepted as a full alternative, the FET represents at least a refinement in the sense of the 3Rs principle. Objections to the use of the FET have mainly been based on the putative lack of biotransformation capacity and the assumption that highly lipophilic and/or high molecular weight substances might not have access to the embryo due to the protective role of the chorion. With respect to bioactivation, the only substance identified so far as not being activated in the zebrafish embryo is allyl alcohol; all other biotransformation processes that have been studied in more detail so far were found to be present, albeit, in some cases, at lower levels than in adult fish. With respect to larger molecules, the extension of the test duration to 96 h (i.e., beyond hatch) has-at least for the substances tested so far-compensated for the reduced access to the embryo; however, more research is necessary to fully explore the applicability of the FET to substances with a molecular weight >3 kDa as well as substances with a neurotoxic mode of action. An extension of the endpoints to also cover sublethal endpoints makes the FET a powerful tool for the detection of teratogenicity, dioxin-like activity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity, neurotoxicity, as well as various forms of endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Britta Kais
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Lammer
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Otte
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schneider
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Stengel
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruben Strecker
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Ali S, Aalders J, Richardson MK. Teratological effects of a panel of sixty water-soluble toxicants on zebrafish development. Zebrafish 2014; 11:129-41. [PMID: 24650241 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2013.0901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish larva is a promising whole-animal model for safety pharmacology, environmental risk assessment, and developmental toxicity. This model has been used for the high-throughput toxicity screening of various compounds. Our aim here is to identify possible phenotypic markers of teratogenicity in zebrafish embryos that could be used for the assaying compounds for reproductive toxicity. We have screened a panel of 60 water-soluble toxicants to examine their effects on zebrafish development. A total of 22,080 wild-type zebrafish larvae were raised in 250 μL defined buffer in 96-well plates at a plating density of one embryo per well. They were exposed for a 96-h period starting at 24 h post-fertilization. A logarithmic concentration series was used for range-finding, followed by a narrower geometric series for developmental toxicity assessment. A total of 9017 survivors were analyzed at 5 days post-fertilization for nine phenotypes, namely, (1) normal, (2) pericardial oedema, (3) yolk sac oedema, (4) melanophores dispersed, (5) bent tail tip, (6) bent body axis, (7) abnormal Meckel's cartilage, (8) abnormal branchial arches, and (9) uninflated swim bladder. For each toxicant, the EC50 (concentration required to produce one or more of these abnormalities in 50% of embryos) was also calculated. For the majority of toxicants (55/60) there was, at the population level, a statistically significant, concentration-dependent increase in the incidence of abnormal phenotypes among survivors. The commonest abnormalities were pericardial oedema, yolk sac oedema, dispersed melanophores, and uninflated swim bladder. It is possible therefore that these could prove to be general indicators of reproductive toxicity in the zebrafish embryo assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaukat Ali
- 1 Sylvius Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University , Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Mittal M, Khan K, Pal S, Porwal K, China SP, Barbhuyan TK, Baghel KS, Rawat T, Sanyal S, Bhadauria S, Sharma VL, Chattopadhyay N. The thiocarbamate disulphide drug, disulfiram induces osteopenia in rats by inhibition of osteoblast function due to suppression of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Toxicol Sci 2014; 139:257-70. [PMID: 24496638 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates (DTC), a sulfhydryl group containing compounds, are extensively used by humans that include metam and thiram due to their pesticide properties, and disulfiram (DSF) as an alcohol deterrent. We screened these DTC in an osteoblast viability assay. DSF exhibited the highest cytotoxicity (IC50 488nM). Loss in osteoblast viability and proliferation was due to induction of apoptosis via G1 arrest. DSF treatment to osteoblasts reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and exogenous addition of GSH prevented DSF-induced reactive oxygen species generation and osteoblast apoptosis. DSF also inhibited osteoblast differentiation in vitro and in vivo, and the effect was associated with inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. Out of various ALDH isozymes, osteoblasts expressed only ALDH2 and DSF downregulated its transcript as well as activity. Alda-1, a specific activator of ALDH2, stimulated osteoblast differentiation. Subcutaneous injection of DSF over the calvarium of new born rats reduced the differentiation phenotype of calvarial osteoblasts but increased the mRNA levels of Runx-2 and osteocalcin. DSF treatment at a human-equivalent dose of 30 mg/kg p.o. to adult Sprague Dawley rats caused trabecular osteopenia and suppressed the formation of mineralized nodule by bone marrow stromal cells. Moreover, DSF diminished bone regeneration at the fracture site. In growing rats, DSF diminished growth plate height, primary and secondary spongiosa, mineralized osteoid and trabecular strength. Substantial decreased bone formation was also observed in the cortical site of these rats. We conclude that DSF has a strong osteopenia inducing effect by impairing osteoblast survival and differentiation due to the inhibition of ALDH2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mittal
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226021, India
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19
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Amorello D, Orecchio S. Micro-determination of dithiocarbamates in pesticide formulations using voltammetry. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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