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Pai P, Vijeev A, Phadke S, Shetty MG, Sundara BK. Epi-revolution in rheumatology: the potential of histone deacetylase inhibitors for targeted rheumatoid arthritis intervention. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2109-2123. [PMID: 38714604 PMCID: PMC11300544 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases hold significant importance in the realm of medical research, prompting a thorough exploration of potential therapeutic interventions. One crucial aspect of this exploration involves understanding the intricate processes of histone acetylation and deacetylation. Histone acetylation, facilitated by histone acetyl transferases (HATs), is instrumental in rendering DNA transcriptionally active. Conversely, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are responsible for the removal of acetyl groups, influencing gene expression regulation. The upregulation of HDACs, observed in various cancers, has steered attention towards histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) as promising anti-cancer agents. Beyond cancer, HDACi has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, prompting interest in their potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA, characterized by the immune system erroneously attacking healthy cells, leads to joint inflammation. Recent studies suggest that HDACi could offer a viable therapeutic strategy for RA, with potential mechanisms including the inhibition of synovial tissue growth and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, HDACi may exert protective effects on bone and cartilage, common targets in RA pathology. In-depth investigations through in vivo and histopathology studies contribute to the ongoing discourse on the therapeutic benefits of HDACis in the context of RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Pai
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Aradhika Vijeev
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharada Phadke
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manasa Gangadhar Shetty
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Babitha Kampa Sundara
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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2
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Khokhar M, Dey S, Tomo S, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Pandey RK. Unveiling Novel Drug Targets and Emerging Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Review. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1664-1693. [PMID: 38898941 PMCID: PMC11184612 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic debilitating autoimmune disease, that causes joint damage, deformities, and decreased functionality. In addition, RA can also impact organs like the skin, lungs, eyes, and blood vessels. This autoimmune condition arises when the immune system erroneously targets the joint synovial membrane, resulting in synovitis, pannus formation, and cartilage damage. RA treatment is often holistic, integrating medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Its main objective is to achieve remission or low disease activity by utilizing a "treat-to-target" approach that optimizes drug usage and dose adjustments based on clinical response and disease activity markers. The primary RA treatment uses disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) that help to interrupt the inflammatory process. When there is an inadequate response, a combination of biologicals and DMARDs is recommended. Biological therapies target inflammatory pathways and have shown promising results in managing RA symptoms. Close monitoring for adverse effects and disease progression is critical to ensure optimal treatment outcomes. A deeper understanding of the pathways and mechanisms will allow new treatment strategies that minimize adverse effects and maintain quality of life. This review discusses the potential targets that can be used for designing and implementing precision medicine in RA treatment, spotlighting the latest breakthroughs in biologics, JAK inhibitors, IL-6 receptor antagonists, TNF blockers, and disease-modifying noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Khokhar
- Department
of Biochemistry, All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 Rajasthan, India
| | - Sangita Dey
- CSO
Department, Cellworks Research India Pvt
Ltd, Bengaluru, 560066 Karnataka, India
| | - Sojit Tomo
- Department
of Biochemistry, All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 Rajasthan, India
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health
Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core
Laboratories, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajan Kumar Pandey
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
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3
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Signaling pathways in rheumatoid arthritis: implications for targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:68. [PMID: 36797236 PMCID: PMC9935929 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an incurable systemic autoimmune disease. Disease progression leads to joint deformity and associated loss of function, which significantly impacts the quality of life for sufferers and adds to losses in the labor force. In the past few decades, RA has attracted increased attention from researchers, the abnormal signaling pathways in RA are a very important research field in the diagnosis and treatment of RA, which provides important evidence for understanding this complex disease and developing novel RA-linked intervention targets. The current review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of RA, including a general introduction to the disease, historical events, epidemiology, risk factors, and pathological process, highlight the primary research progress of the disease and various signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms, including genetic factors, epigenetic factors, summarize the most recent developments in identifying novel signaling pathways in RA and new inhibitors for treating RA. therapeutic interventions including approved drugs, clinical drugs, pre-clinical drugs, and cutting-edge therapeutic technologies. These developments will hopefully drive progress in new strategically targeted therapies and hope to provide novel ideas for RA treatment options in the future.
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Comparison of the effects of peficitinib and tofacitinib in the adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175490. [PMID: 36608862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated and compared the pharmacologic properties of two Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, peficitinib and tofacitinib, in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model. Repeated administration of peficitinib (3 - 30 mg/kg) or tofacitinib (1 - 10 mg/kg) exhibited a dose-related and significant attenuation of arthritis score, paw swelling, pain threshold, grip strength and histopathologic injuries in the model; peficitinib 10 mg/kg and tofacitinib 3 mg/kg demonstrated comparable efficacy. Equivalent Cmax and AUC0-12h values were observed with peficitinib 10 mg/kg and tofacitinib 3 mg/kg, suggesting that the two drugs may demonstrate comparable efficacy on arthritis-associated symptoms at comparable plasma concentration levels. However, peficitinib 10 mg/kg had greater efficacy than tofacitinib 3 mg/kg on some inflammation- and bone destruction-associated parameters in the paw fluid, including the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, and matrix metalloproteinase-3, which are associated with arthritis exacerbation. Peficitinib 10 mg/kg also showed significantly greater inhibitory effects than tofacitinib 3 mg/kg on loss of bone mineral density and synovial thickening score, which might be a result of the VEGF and PDGF receptor kinase inhibitory effects of peficitinib, in addition to JAK inhibition. In conclusion, both tofacitinib and peficitinib potently improved arthritis and associated symptoms in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats; moreover, owing to possible differences in the mechanism of action of the two drugs, peficitinib may have exerted its effects through JAK inhibition and additional unique off-target properties.
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5
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Rheumatoid arthritis: advances in treatment strategies. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:69-88. [PMID: 35725992 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterised by severe joint and bone damage due to heightened autoimmune response at the articular sites. Worldwide annual incidence and prevalence rate of RA is 3 cases per 10,000 population and 1%, respectively. Several genetic and environmental (microbiota, smoking, infectious agents) factors contribute to its pathogenesis. Although convention treatment strategies, predominantly Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) and Glucocorticoids (GC), are unchanged as the primary line of treatment; novel strategies consisting of biological DMARDs, are being developed and explored. Personalized approaches using biologicals targetspecific pathways associated with disease progression. However, considering the economic burden and side-effects associated with these, there is an unmet need on strategies for early stratification of the inadequate responders with cDMARDs. As RA is a complex disease with a variable remission rate, it is important not only to evaluate the current status of drugs in clinical practice but also those with the potential of personalised therapeutics. Here, we provide comprehensive data on the treatment strategies in RA, including studies exploring various combination strategies in clinical trials. Our systematic analysis of current literature found that conventional DMARDs along with glucocorticoid may be best suited for early RA cases and a combination of conventional and targeted DMARDs could be effective for treating seronegative patients with moderate to high RA activity. Clinical trials with insufficient responders to Methotrexate suggest that adding biologicals may help in such cases. However, certain adverse events associated with the current therapy advocate exploring novel therapeutic approaches such as gene therapy, mesenchymal stem cell therapy in future.
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Liotti A, Ferrara AL, Loffredo S, Galdiero MR, Varricchi G, Di Rella F, Maniscalco GT, Belardo M, Vastano R, Prencipe R, Pignata L, Romano R, Spadaro G, de Candia P, Pezone A, De Rosa V. Epigenetics: an Opportunity to Shape Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Immunol Suppl 2022; 167:451-470. [PMID: 36043705 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics connects genetic and environmental factors: it includes DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications and the regulation of chromatin accessibility by non-coding RNAs, all of which control constitutive or inducible gene transcription. This plays a key role in harnessing the transcriptional programs of both innate and adaptive immune cells due to its plasticity and environmental-driven nature, piloting myeloid and lymphoid cell fate decision with no change in their genomic sequence. In particular, epigenetic marks at the site of lineage specific transcription factors and maintenance of cell type-specific epigenetic modifications, referred to as "epigenetic memory", dictate cell differentiation, cytokine production and functional capacity following repeated antigenic exposure in memory T cells. Moreover, metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming occurring during a primary innate immune response leads to enhanced responses to secondary challenges, a phenomenon known as "trained immunity". Here we discuss how stable and dynamic epigenetic states control immune cell identity and plasticity in physiological and pathological conditions. Dissecting the regulatory circuits of cell fate determination and maintenance is of paramount importance for understanding the delicate balance between immune cell activation and tolerance, in healthy conditions and in autoimmune diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Liotti
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Anne Lise Ferrara
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) and World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) and World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) and World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) and World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Rella
- Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco
- Neurological Clinic and Stroke Unit and Multiple Sclerosis Center "A. Cardarelli" Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Belardo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) and World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Vastano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) and World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Prencipe
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Pignata
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) and World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Paola de Candia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pezone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica De Rosa
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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Huang J, Fu X, Chen X, Li Z, Huang Y, Liang C. Promising Therapeutic Targets for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686155. [PMID: 34305919 PMCID: PMC8299711 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic poly-articular chronic autoimmune joint disease that mainly damages the hands and feet, which affects 0.5% to 1.0% of the population worldwide. With the sustained development of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), significant success has been achieved for preventing and relieving disease activity in RA patients. Unfortunately, some patients still show limited response to DMARDs, which puts forward new requirements for special targets and novel therapies. Understanding the pathogenetic roles of the various molecules in RA could facilitate discovery of potential therapeutic targets and approaches. In this review, both existing and emerging targets, including the proteins, small molecular metabolites, and epigenetic regulators related to RA, are discussed, with a focus on the mechanisms that result in inflammation and the development of new drugs for blocking the various modulators in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuekun Fu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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8
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Bae D, Choi Y, Lee J, Ha N, Suh D, Baek J, Park J, Son W. M-134, a novel HDAC6-selective inhibitor, markedly improved arthritic severity in a rodent model of rheumatoid arthritis when combined with tofacitinib. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:185-201. [PMID: 33188511 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although tofacitinib has shown highly significant efficacy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there are still a considerable number of patients that are non-responders owing to its limited effectiveness and various adverse effects. Thus, alternative options with better efficacy and lower toxicity are desired. Here, M-134, a recently developed HDAC6 inhibitor, was examined for its therapeutic potential when combined with tofacitinib in a rat model of RA. METHODS The single or combined administration of M-134 and tofacitinib was examined in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) or collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rodent models. To evaluate the therapeutic and adverse effects, the following factors were observed: macroscopic or microscopic scoring of all four paws; the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and IP-10 in the joints and that of various cytokines and chemokines in the plasma; the weight of the thymus and the liver; and changes in hematological enzymes. RESULTS Combination treatment showed strong synergistic effects as measured by the clinical score and histological changes, without adverse effects such as weight loss in the thymus and increased liver enzymes (ALT and AST). Additionally, it also reduced ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and IP-10 expression in the joints, and M-134 increased the efficacy of tofacitinib by regulating various cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, and TNF-α, in the serum of AIA rats. Differences in the cytokine expression for each drug were found in the CIA model. CONCLUSIONS M-134 and tofacitinib combination therapy is a potential option for the treatment of RA through the regulation of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daekwon Bae
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngil Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Nina Ha
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Park
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochan Son
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Wajda A, Łapczuk-Romańska J, Paradowska-Gorycka A. Epigenetic Regulations of AhR in the Aspect of Immunomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6404. [PMID: 32899152 PMCID: PMC7504141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors contribute to autoimmune disease manifestation, and as regarded today, AhR has become an important factor in studies of immunomodulation. Besides immunological aspects, AhR also plays a role in pharmacological, toxicological and many other physiological processes such as adaptive metabolism. In recent years, epigenetic mechanisms have provided new insight into gene regulation and reveal a new contribution to autoimmune disease pathogenesis. DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin alterations, microRNA and consequently non-genetic changes in phenotypes connect with environmental factors. Increasing data reveals AhR cross-roads with the most significant in immunology pathways. Although study on epigenetic modulations in autoimmune diseases is still not well understood, therefore future research will help us understand their pathophysiology and help to find new therapeutic strategies. Present literature review sheds the light on the common ground between remodeling chromatin compounds and autoimmune antibodies used in diagnostics. In the proposed review we summarize recent findings that describe epigenetic factors which regulate AhR activity and impact diverse immunological responses and pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wajda
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Łapczuk-Romańska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
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Hasseli R, Frommer KW, Schwarz M, Hülser ML, Schreiyäck C, Arnold M, Diller M, Tarner IH, Lange U, Pons-Kühnemann J, Schönburg M, Rehart S, Müller-Ladner U, Neumann E. Adipokines and Inflammation Alter the Interaction Between Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:925. [PMID: 32582145 PMCID: PMC7280538 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The long-distance migration of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suggests that an interaction between RASFs and endothelial cells (EC) is critical in this process. Our objective was to assess whether immunomodulatory factors such as adipokines and antirheumatic drugs affect the adhesion of RASFs to ECs or the expression of surface molecules. Methods: Primary ECs or human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and primary RASFs were stimulated with adiponectin (10 μg/mL), visfatin (100 ng/mL), and resistin (20 ng/mL) or treated with methotrexate (1.5 and 1,000 μM) and the glucocorticoids prednisolone (1 μM) and dexamethasone (1 μM), respectively. The expression of adhesion molecules was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The interaction of both cell types was analyzed under static (cell-to-cell binding assay) and dynamic conditions (flow-adhesion assay). Results: Under static conditions, adipokines increased mostly binding of RASFs to EC (adiponectin: 40%, visfatin: 28%, tumor necrosis factor α: 49%). Under flow conditions, visfatin increased RASF adhesion to HUVEC (e.g., 0.5 dyn/cm2: 75.2%). Reduced adhesion of RASFs to E-selectin was observed after treatment with dexamethasone (e.g., 0.9 dyn/cm2: −40%). In ECs, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (20-fold) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (77-fold), whereas P-selectin was downregulated after stimulation with TNF-α (−6-fold). Conclusion: The adhesion of RASFs to EC was increased by visfatin under static and flow conditions, whereas glucocorticoids were able to decrease adhesion to E-selectin. The process of migration and adhesion of RASFs to ECs could be enhanced by adipokines via adhesion molecules and seems to be targeted by therapeutic intervention with glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hasseli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Klaus W Frommer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Maria Schwarz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Marie-Lisa Hülser
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Carina Schreiyäck
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mona Arnold
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Magnus Diller
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ingo H Tarner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Uwe Lange
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Joern Pons-Kühnemann
- Medical Statistics, Institute of Medical Informatics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Markus Schönburg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Rehart
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Agaplesion Markus Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Elena Neumann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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11
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Tan LT, Phyo MY. Marine Cyanobacteria: A Source of Lead Compounds and their Clinically-Relevant Molecular Targets. Molecules 2020; 25:E2197. [PMID: 32397127 PMCID: PMC7249205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prokaryotic filamentous marine cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microbes that are found in diverse marine habitats, ranging from epiphytic to endolithic communities. Their successful colonization in nature is largely attributed to genetic diversity as well as the production of ecologically important natural products. These cyanobacterial natural products are also a source of potential drug leads for the development of therapeutic agents used in the treatment of diseases, such as cancer, parasitic infections and inflammation. Major sources of these biomedically important natural compounds are found predominately from marine cyanobacterial orders Oscillatoriales, Nostocales, Chroococcales and Synechococcales. Moreover, technological advances in genomic and metabolomics approaches, such as mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, revealed that marine cyanobacteria are a treasure trove of structurally unique natural products. The high potency of a number of natural products are due to their specific interference with validated drug targets, such as proteasomes, proteases, histone deacetylases, microtubules, actin filaments and membrane receptors/channels. In this review, the chemistry and biology of selected potent cyanobacterial compounds as well as their synthetic analogues are presented based on their molecular targets. These molecules are discussed to reflect current research trends in drug discovery from marine cyanobacterial natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lik Tong Tan
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore;
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12
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Joung EJ, Kwon M, Gwon WG, Cao L, Lee SG, Utsuki T, Wakamatsu N, Kim JI, Kim HR. Meroterpenoid-Rich Fraction of the Ethanol Extract of Sargassum Serratifolium Suppresses Collagen-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in DBA/1J Mice Via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor κB Activation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900373. [PMID: 31900972 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder related to the inflammation of cartilage due to the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Sargassum serratifolium, a brown alga, possesses strong anti-inflammatory activities. METHODS AND RESULTS The effect of meroterpenoid-rich fraction from the ethanol extract of S. serratifolium (MES) on RA and its underlying mechanisms on the inhibition of RA using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model are examined. The results show that MES ameliorates paw swelling and reduces the arthritis score. MES considerably decreases the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum and joint tissue of mice. Histopathological analysis demonstrates that MES strongly inhibited bone damage and inflammatory cell intrusion in the joint tissue. The expression of inflammatory enzymes and adhesion molecules is significantly inhibited in the serum and joint tissue of MES-fed mice. In addition, MES downregulates the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by suppressing the phosphorylation of protein kinase B, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. CONCLUSIONS MES supplementation remarkably reduces inflammatory response in CIA mouse model. These results indicate that MES can be used as a pharmaceutical agent against RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Joung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Misung Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Wi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gil Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Tadanobu Utsuki
- Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70802, USA
| | - Nobuko Wakamatsu
- Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70802, USA
| | - Jae-Il Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Rak Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
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13
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Song Y, Qin L, Yang R, Yang F, Kenechukwu NA, Zhao X, Zhou X, Wen X, Li L. Inhibition of HDAC6 alleviating lipopolysaccharide-induced p38MAPK phosphorylation and neuroinflammation in mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:263-268. [PMID: 31124385 PMCID: PMC8871618 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1563620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Context: Researchers in a variety of fields have extensively focused on histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) due to its aggravation of inflammatory reaction. However, relevant studies examining whether HDAC6 could exacerbate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation are still lacking. Objective: We assessed the role of HDAC6 in LPS-induced brain inflammation and used the HDAC6-selective inhibitor Tubastatin A (TBSA) to investigate the potential mechanisms further. Materials and methods: Brain inflammation was induced in Kunming (KM) mice via intraperitoneal (I.P.), injection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/kg), the TBSA (0.5 mg/kg) was delivered via intraperitoneal. The phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and expression of typical inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in both the hippocampus and cortex, were examined by immunoblotting. Nissl staining was used to detect the neuronal damage in the hippocampus and the cortex. Results: About 1 mg/kg LPS via daily intraperitoneal (I.P.) injections for 12 days significantly increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation, TNF-α and IL-6 expression, and neuronal loss. However, 0.5 mg/kg TBSA (three days before LPS treatment) by I.P. injections for 15 days could reverse the above results. Conclusions: This present study provided evidence that TBSA significantly suppressed LPS-induced neuroinflammation and the expression of p-p38. Results derived from our study might help reveal the effective targeting strategies of LPS-induced brain inflammation through inhibiting HDAC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjian Song
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rongli Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Nwobodo Alexander Kenechukwu
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Laboratory of Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- CONTACT Xiaoyan Zhou Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou, 209 Tongshan Road, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Xiangru Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Xiangru Wen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221004, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Lei Li Department of Genetics; Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
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14
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Mazzone R, Zwergel C, Artico M, Taurone S, Ralli M, Greco A, Mai A. The emerging role of epigenetics in human autoimmune disorders. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:34. [PMID: 30808407 PMCID: PMC6390373 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic pathways play a pivotal role in the development and function of the immune system. Over the last decade, a growing body of studies has been published out seeking to explain a correlation between epigenetic modifications and the development of autoimmune disorders. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases mainly by regulating gene expression. This paper reviews the importance of epigenetic alterations during the development of the most prevalent human autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjogren’s syndrome (SS), autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), and type 1 diabetes (T1D), aiming to provide new insights in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and the possibility to develop novel therapeutic approaches targeting the epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Mazzone
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Artico
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Samanta Taurone
- IRCCS G.B. Bietti Foundation, Via Livenza, 3, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,Pasteur Institute - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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15
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Li R, He Y, Zhu Y, Jiang L, Zhang S, Qin J, Wu Q, Dai W, Shen S, Pang Z, Wang J. Route to Rheumatoid Arthritis by Macrophage-Derived Microvesicle-Coated Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:124-134. [PMID: 30521345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The targeted delivery of therapeutics to sites of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been a long-standing challenge. Inspired by the intrinsic inflammation-targeting capacity of macrophages, a macrophage-derived microvesicle (MMV)-coated nanoparticle (MNP) was developed for targeting RA. The MMV was efficiently produced through a novel method. Cytochalasin B (CB) was applied to relax the interaction between the cytoskeleton and membrane of macrophages, thus stimulating MMV secretion. The proteomic profile of the MMV was analyzed by iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation). The MMV membrane proteins were similar to those of macrophages, indicating that the MMV could exhibit bioactivity similar to that of RA-targeting macrophages. A poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle was subsequently coated with MMV, and the inflammation-mediated targeting capacity of the MNP was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro binding of MNP to inflamed HUVECs was significantly stronger than that of the red blood cell membrane-coated nanoparticle (RNP). Compared with bare NP and RNP, MNP showed a significantly enhanced targeting effect in vivo in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. The targeting mechanism was subsequently revealed according to the proteomic analysis, indicating that Mac-1 and CD44 contributed to the outstanding targeting effect of the MNP. A model drug, tacrolimus, was encapsulated in MNP (T-RNP) and significantly suppressed the progression of RA in mice. The present study demonstrates MMV as a promising and rich material, with which to mimic macrophages, and demonstrates that MNP is an efficient biomimetic vehicle for RA targeting and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education , Shanghai 201203 , China
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yuwei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Institute of Tropical Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510405 , China
| | - Lixian Jiang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Shuya Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jing Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Qian Wu
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology , Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Wentao Dai
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology , Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Shun Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education , Shanghai 201203 , China
- Institute of Materia Medica , The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
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16
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He J, Li X, Zhuang J, Han J, Luo G, Yang F, Sun Y, Liao P, Han Y, He Y, Shi H, Sun E. Blocking Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Abrogates Collagen-Induced Arthritis via Inhibiting Dendritic Cell Migration. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:3514-3523. [PMID: 30397034 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Trafficking of dendritic cells (DCs) to lymph nodes (LNs) to present Ags is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is the key molecule for DC migration. Thus, blocking MMP-9 to inhibit DC migration may be a novel strategy to treat RA. In this study, we used anti-MMP-9 Ab to treat collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1J mice and demonstrated that anti-MMP-9 Ab treatment significantly suppressed the development of CIA via the modulation of DC trafficking. In anti-MMP-9 Ab-treated CIA mice, the number of DCs in draining LNs was obviously decreased. In vitro, anti-MMP-9 Ab and MMP-9 inhibitor restrained the migration of mature bone marrow-derived DCs in Matrigel in response to CCR7 ligand CCL21. In addition, blocking MMP-9 decreased T and B cell numbers in LNs of CIA mice but had no direct influence on the T cell response to collagen II by CD4+ T cells purified from LNs or spleen. Besides, anti-MMP-9 Ab did not impact on the expression of MHC class II, CD40, CD80, CD86, and chemokine receptors (CCR5 and CCR7) of DCs both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we discovered the number of MMP-9-/- DCs trafficking from footpads to popliteal LNs was dramatically reduced as compared with wild type DCs in both MMP-9-/- mice and wild type mice. Taken together, these results indicated that DC-derived MMP-9 is the crucial factor for DC migration, and blocking MMP-9 to inhibit DC migration may constitute a novel strategy of future therapy for RA and other similar autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jiaochan Han
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guihu Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Fangyuan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Pan Liao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yanping Han
- Hospital of South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; and
| | - Yi He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University (Inner Mongolia BaoGang Hospital), Baotou 014010, China
| | - Erwei Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; .,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
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17
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Mayer AMS, Rodríguez AD, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Fusetani N. Marine Pharmacology in 2012-2013: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15090273. [PMID: 28850074 PMCID: PMC5618412 DOI: 10.3390/md15090273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2012 to 2013 was systematically reviewed, consistent with the 1998–2011 reviews of this series. Marine pharmacology research from 2012 to 2013, conducted by scientists from 42 countries in addition to the United States, reported findings on the preclinical pharmacology of 257 marine compounds. The preclinical pharmacology of compounds isolated from marine organisms revealed antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, antiviral and anthelmitic pharmacological activities for 113 marine natural products. In addition, 75 marine compounds were reported to have antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities and affect the immune and nervous system. Finally, 69 marine compounds were shown to display miscellaneous mechanisms of action which could contribute to novel pharmacological classes. Thus, in 2012–2013, the preclinical marine natural product pharmacology pipeline provided novel pharmacology and lead compounds to the clinical marine pharmaceutical pipeline, and contributed significantly to potentially novel therapeutic approaches to several global disease categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M S Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
| | - Abimael D Rodríguez
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce de León Avenue, San Juan, PR 00926, USA.
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18
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Dong F, Xue C, Wang Y, Peng Y, Zhang Y, Jin M, Zang B. Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in acute soft tissue injury. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40584. [PMID: 28074914 PMCID: PMC5225459 DOI: 10.1038/srep40584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on the inflammatory response to strike-induced acute soft tissue injury in rats. Soft tissue injury was induced in rat leg muscles using a strike hammer, followed by intraperitoneal administration of HSYA at 16, 32, or 64 mg/kg. After 24 h, the rats were anaesthetized, blood and muscle samples were taken. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-αwere measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Total RNA and protein were isolated from muscle tissue to determine the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and the protein level of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Nuclear factor (NF)-κB expression was determined by muscle histopathology and immunohistochemistry. HSYA attenuated pathologic changes instrike-induced soft tissue inflammation. Treatment with HSYA also alleviated strike-induced increases in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1mRNA levels and inhibited the increased activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in muscle tissue. These findings suggest that HSYA effectively inhibits strike-induced inflammatory signal transduction in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Changjiang Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yadan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Baoxia Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, P.R. China
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19
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Almaliti J, Al-Hamashi AA, Negmeldin AT, Hanigan CL, Perera L, Pflum MKH, Casero RA, Tillekeratne LMV. Largazole Analogues Embodying Radical Changes in the Depsipeptide Ring: Development of a More Selective and Highly Potent Analogue. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10642-10660. [PMID: 27809521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A number of analogues of the marine-derived histone deacetylase inhibitor largazole incorporating major structural changes in the depsipeptide ring were synthesized. Replacing the thiazole-thiazoline fragment of largazole with a bipyridine group gave analogue 7 with potent cell growth inhibitory activity and an activity profile similar to that of largazole, suggesting that conformational change accompanying switching hybridization from sp3 to sp2 at C-7 is well tolerated. Analogue 7 was more class I selective compared to largazole, with at least 464-fold selectivity for class I HDAC proteins over class II HDAC6 compared to a 22-fold selectivity observed with largazole. To our knowledge 7 represents the first example of a potent and highly cytotoxic largazole analogue not containing a thiazoline ring. The elimination of a chiral center derived from the unnatural amino acid R-α-methylcysteine makes the molecule more amenable to chemical synthesis, and coupled with its increased class I selectivity, 7 could serve as a new lead compound for developing selective largazole analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehad Almaliti
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo , 2801, W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Ayad A Al-Hamashi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo , 2801, W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Ahmed T Negmeldin
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Christin L Hanigan
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Bunting/Blaustein Cancer Research Building 1, Room 551, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Lalith Perera
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Mary Kay H Pflum
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Robert A Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Bunting/Blaustein Cancer Research Building 1, Room 551, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - L M Viranga Tillekeratne
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo , 2801, W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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20
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Folkersen L, Brynedal B, Diaz-Gallo LM, Ramsköld D, Shchetynsky K, Westerlind H, Sundström Y, Schepis D, Hensvold A, Vivar N, Eloranta ML, Rönnblom L, Brunak S, Malmström V, Catrina A, Moerch UG, Klareskog L, Padyukov L, Berg L. Integration of known DNA, RNA and protein biomarkers provides prediction of anti-TNF response in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the COMBINE study. Mol Med 2016; 22:322-328. [PMID: 27532898 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) several recent efforts have sought to discover means of predicting which patients would benefit from treatment. However, results have been discrepant with few successful replications. Our objective was to build a biobank with DNA, RNA and protein measurements to test the claim that the current state-of-the-art precision medicine will benefit RA patients. METHODS We collected 451 blood samples from 61 healthy individuals and 185 RA patients initiating treatment, before treatment initiation and at a 3 month follow-up time. All samples were subjected to high-throughput RNA sequencing, DNA genotyping, extensive proteomics and flow cytometry measurements, as well as comprehensive clinical phenotyping. Literature review identified 2 proteins, 52 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 72 gene-expression biomarkers that had previously been proposed as predictors of TNF inhibitor response (∆DAS28-CRP). RESULTS From these published TNFi biomarkers we found that 2 protein, 2 SNP and 8 mRNA biomarkers could be replicated in the 59 TNF initiating patients. Combining these replicated biomarkers into a single signature we found that we could explain 51% of the variation in ∆DAS28-CRP. This corresponds to a sensitivity of 0.73 and specificity of 0.78 for the prediction of three month ∆DAS28-CRP better than -1.2. CONCLUSIONS The COMBINE biobank is currently the largest collection of multi-omics data from RA patients with high potential for discovery and replication. Taking advantage of this we surveyed the current state-of-the-art of drug-response stratification in RA, and identified a small set of previously published biomarkers available in peripheral blood which predicts clinical response to TNF blockade in this independent cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Folkersen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.,Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lina Marcela Diaz-Gallo
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ramsköld
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klementy Shchetynsky
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helga Westerlind
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Sundström
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danika Schepis
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aase Hensvold
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nancy Vivar
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Søren Brunak
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anca Catrina
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lars Klareskog
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Louise Berg
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yoo J, Kim SJ, Son D, Seo H, Baek SY, Maeng CY, Lee C, Kim IS, Jung YH, Lee SM, Park HJ. Computer-aided identification of new histone deacetylase 6 selective inhibitor with anti-sepsis activity. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 116:126-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Cyanobacterial Metabolite Calothrixins: Recent Advances in Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:17. [PMID: 26771620 PMCID: PMC4728514 DOI: 10.3390/md14010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is host to unparalleled biological and chemical diversity, making it an attractive resource for the discovery of new therapeutics for a plethora of diseases. Compounds that are extracted from cyanobacteria are of special interest due to their unique structural scaffolds and capacity to produce potent pharmaceutical and biotechnological traits. Calothrixins A and B are two cyanobacterial metabolites with a structural assembly of quinoline, quinone, and indole pharmacophores. This review surveys recent advances in the synthesis and evaluation of the biological activities of calothrixins. Due to the low isolation yields from the marine source and the promise this scaffold holds for anticancer and antimicrobial drugs, organic and medicinal chemists around the world have embarked on developing efficient synthetic routes to produce calothrixins. Since the first review appeared in 2009, 11 novel syntheses of calothrixins have been published in the efforts to develop methods that contain fewer steps and higher-yielding reactions. Calothrixins have shown their potential as topoisomerase I poisons for their cytotoxicity in cancer. They have also been observed to target various aspects of RNA synthesis in bacteria. Further investigation into the exact mechanism for their bioactivity is still required for many of its analogs.
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Abstract
Our understanding of epigenetics in complex diseases is rapidly advancing and increasingly influencing the practice of medicine. Much is known about disruption of chromatin-modifying enzymes in malignant disease, but knowledge of irregular epigenetics in immune-driven disorders is just emerging. Epigenetic factors, such as DNA or histone modifications, are indispensable for precise gene expression in diverse immune cell types. Thus a disruption of epigenetic landscapes likely has a large impact on immune homeostasis. Moreover, the low concordance rates for most autoimmune diseases suggest that epigenetics contribute to immune tolerance disturbance. Here we review the important role of epigenetics for initiation, maintenance, tolerance, and training of immune responses. We discuss evolving evidence that DNA/histone modifications and chromatin-modifying enzymes are altered in immune-based diseases. Furthermore, we explore the potential of small molecules targeting epigenetic machinery, some of which are already used in oncology, as a way to reset the immune response in disease.
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Gronkiewicz KM, Giuliano EA, Sharma A, Mohan RR. Molecular mechanisms of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid in the inhibition of TGF-β1-mediated canine corneal fibrosis. Vet Ophthalmol 2015; 19:480-487. [PMID: 26559782 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate molecular mechanisms mediating anti-fibrotic effect of SAHA in the canine cornea using an in vitro model. We hypothesized that SAHA attenuates corneal fibrosis by modulating Smad-dependent and, to a lesser extent, Smad-independent signaling pathways activated by TGF-β1, as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. METHODS Cultured canine corneal fibroblasts (CCF) were incubated in the presence/absence of TGF-β1 (5 ng/mL) and SAHA (2.5 μm) for 24 h. Western blot analysis was used to quantify non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated isoforms of Smad2/3, p38 MAP kinase (MAPK), ERK1/2, and JNK1. Real-time PCR and zymography were utilized to quantify MMP1, MMP2, MMP8, and MMP9 mRNA expressions and MMP2 and MMP9 protein activities, respectively. RESULTS TGF-β1 treatment caused a significant increase in phospho-Smad2/3 and phospho-p38 MAPK. SAHA treatment reduced TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2/3 but not of p38 MAPK. TGF-β1 did not modulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 or JNK1. SAHA caused a significant reduction in phospho-ERK1/2 expression regardless of concurrent TGF-β1 treatment. Neither SAHA alone nor in combination with TGF-β1 altered phospho-JNK1 expression. TGF-β1 significantly increased MMP1 and MMP9 mRNA expressions but did not alter MMP2 mRNA. SAHA treatment attenuated TGF-β1-induced MMP9 mRNA expression while significantly enhancing TGF-β1-induced MMP1 mRNA expression. Zymography detected reduced expression of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins in untreated control CCF. TGF-β1 treatment did not alter their expression, but SAHA treatment +/-TGF-β1 significantly increased MMP2 and MMP9 protein expressions. CONCLUSIONS The corneal anti-fibrotic effects of SAHA involve multiple mechanisms including modulation of canonical and non-canonical components of TGF-β1 intracellular signaling and MMP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Gronkiewicz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Giuliano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Rajiv R Mohan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. .,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. .,Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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Seidel C, Schnekenburger M, Dicato M, Diederich M. Histone deacetylase 6 in health and disease. Epigenomics 2015; 7:103-18. [PMID: 25687470 DOI: 10.2217/epi.14.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC)6 is a member of the class IIb HDAC family. This enzyme is zinc-dependent and mainly localized in the cytoplasm. HDAC6 is a unique isoenzyme with two functional catalytic domains and specific physiological roles. Indeed, HDAC6 deacetylates various substrates including α-tubulin and HSP90α, and is involved in protein trafficking and degradation, cell shape and migration. Consequently, deregulation of HDAC6 activity was associated to a variety of diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and pathological autoimmune response. Therefore, HDAC6 represents an interesting potential therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss structural features of this histone deacetylase, regulation of its expression and activity, biological functions, implication in human disease initiation and progression. Finally will describe novel and selective HDAC6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Seidel
- Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Biology of Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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26
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To give an overview of recently published articles addressing the role of epigenetic modifications in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here we focused on DNA methylation and posttranslational histone modifications. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies attempted to link epigenetic modifications with genetic or environmental risk factors for RA. There is evidence that histone deacetylases confer effects of environmental triggers such as smoking, diet or therapy on expression levels of target genes. Additionally, disturbed methylation patterns and cell-type specific histone methylation marks were identified as potential mediators of genetic risk in RA. Altered methylome signatures were found in several cell types in RA, first of all RA synovial fibroblasts, and contribute to the intrinsic fibroblast activation. The reversal of DNA hypomethylation by inhibiting the polyamine recycling pathway was suggested as new epigenetic therapy in RA. Moreover, targeting epigenetic reader proteins, such as bromodomain proteins, emerged as a new field in drug development and the first studies underscored the potential of these drugs not only in malignant and inflammatory conditions but also in autoimmune diseases. SUMMARY Epigenetic factors represent a promising area to link genetics, regulation of gene expression and environmental risk factors.
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Umar S, Hedaya O, Singh AK, Ahmed S. Thymoquinone inhibits TNF-α-induced inflammation and cell adhesion in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts by ASK1 regulation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 287:299-305. [PMID: 26134265 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by monocytes/macrophage that plays a pathological role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we investigate the effect of thymoquinone (TQ), a phytochemical found in Nigella sativa, in regulating TNF-α-induced RA synovial fibroblast (RA-FLS) activation. Treatment with TQ (1-5μM) had no marked effect on the viability of human RA-FLS. Pre-treatment of TQ inhibited TNF-α-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 production and ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and cadherin-11 (Cad-11) expression in RA-FLS (p<0.01). Evaluation of the signaling events showed that TQ inhibited TNF-α-induced phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK expression, but had no inhibitory effect on NF-κB pathway, in RA-FLS (p<0.05; n=4). Interestingly, we observed that selective down-regulation of TNF-α-induced phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK activation by TQ is elicited through inhibition of apoptosis-regulated signaling kinase 1 (ASK1). Furthermore, TNF-α selectively induced phosphorylation of ASK1 at Thr845 residue in RA-FLS, which was inhibited by TQ pretreatment in a dose dependent manner (p<0.01). Pre-treatment of RA-FLS with ASK1 inhibitor (TC ASK10), blocked TNF-α induced expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and Cad-11. Our results suggest that TNF-α-induced ASK1-p38/JNK pathway is an important mediator of cytokine synthesis and enhanced expression of adhesion molecule in RA-FLS and TQ, by selectively inhibiting this pathway, may have a potential therapeutic value in regulating tissue destruction observed in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiq Umar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Omar Hedaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Anil K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA.
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Atkinson SM, Nansen A, Usher PA, Sondergaard BC, Mackay CR, Friedrichsen B, Chang CC, Tang R, Skov S, Haase C, Hornum L. Treatment with anti-C5aR mAb leads to early-onset clinical and mechanistic effects in the murine delayed-type hypersensitivity arthritis model. Autoimmunity 2015; 48:460-70. [PMID: 25915570 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2015.1031888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Blockade of the complement cascade at the C5a/C5a receptor (C5aR)-axis is believed to be an attractive treatment avenue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effects of such interventions during the early phases of arthritis remain to be clarified. In this study we use the murine delayed-type hypersensitivity arthritis (DTHA) model to study the very early effects of a blocking, non-depleting anti-C5aR mAb on joint inflammation with treatment synchronised with disease onset, an approach not previously described. The DTHA model is a single-paw inflammatory arthritis model characterised by synchronised and rapid disease onset driven by T-cells, immune complexes and neutrophils. We show that a reduction in paw swelling, bone erosion, cartilage destruction, synovitis and new bone formation is apparent as little as 60 h after administration of a single dose of a blocking, non-depleting anti-mouse C5aR mAb. Importantly, infiltration of neutrophils into the joint and synovium is also reduced following a single dose, demonstrating that C5aR signalling during the early stage of arthritis regulates neutrophil infiltration and activation. Furthermore, the number of T-cells in circulation and in the draining popliteal lymph node is also reduced following a single dose of anti-C5aR, suggesting that modulation of the C5a/C5aR axis results in effects on the T cell compartment in inflammatory arthritis. In summary, these data demonstrate that blockade of C5aR leads to rapid and significant effects on arthritic disease development in a DTHA model strengthening the rationale of C5aR-blockade as a treatment strategy for RA, especially during the early stages of arthritis flare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Atkinson
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark .,b Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Experimental Animal Models , University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Anneline Nansen
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
| | - Pernille A Usher
- c Department of Histology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
| | | | - Charles R Mackay
- d School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Birgitte Friedrichsen
- e Department of Mammalian Cell Technology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark , and
| | - Chih-Chuan Chang
- f Department of Cell Biology , Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing , China
| | - Renhong Tang
- f Department of Cell Biology , Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing , China
| | - Søren Skov
- b Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section for Experimental Animal Models , University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Claus Haase
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
| | - Lars Hornum
- a Department of Immunopharmacology , Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit , Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev , Denmark
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Choi JK, Oh HM, Park JH, Choi JH, Sa KH, Kang YM, Park PH, Shin TY, Rho MC, Kim SH. Salvia plebeia extract inhibits the inflammatory response in human rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts and a murine model of arthritis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:415-422. [PMID: 25837280 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Salvia plebeia R. Br. has been used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases and as an antioxidant in many countries, including Korea and China. In this study, we investigated the effects of S. plebeia extract (SPE) on inflammatory arthritis and the underlying mechanisms of action. We used a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. TNF-α-stimulated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fibroblasts were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. Oral administration of SPE improved the clinical arthritis score, footpad thickness, and histologic changes, as well as serum IgG1 and IgG2a levels. SPE administration inhibited Th1/Th2/Th17 phenotype CD4(+) T lymphocyte expansion in inguinal lymph node and expression of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, MMP-1, and MMP-3 in the ankle joint tissue. SPE significantly suppressed the expression of cytokines and MMP-1 by down-regulating NF-κB, Akt, and mitogen-activated protein kinases in RA synovial fibroblasts. Taken together, these results indicate that SPE is therapeutically efficacious against chronic inflammatory arthritis, suggesting that SPE is a candidate for treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyeong Choi
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Mee Oh
- Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hun Park
- R&D Center Pharmaceutical lab, Korean Drug Co., LTD, Seoul 135-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Choi
- R&D Center Pharmaceutical lab, Korean Drug Co., LTD, Seoul 135-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum Hee Sa
- Department of Internal Medicine (Rheumatology), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine (Rheumatology), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonju 565-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Chual Rho
- Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea.
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Sodium valproate ameliorates diabetes-induced fibrosis and renal damage by the inhibition of histone deacetylases in diabetic rat. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 98:230-9. [PMID: 25576297 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports emphasize the contribution of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in the pathogenesis of diabetic renal injury and fibrosis. Valproic acid (VPA) is a first-line drug used for the treatment of epilepsy and migraine as well as established as a HDAC inhibitor. The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-fibrotic and renoprotective effects of VPA in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Diabetes was induced by single injection of STZ (50mg/kg), whereas VPA at the doses of 150 and 300mg/kg/day was administered for 8 consecutive weeks by oral route in Sprague Dawley rats. The renal injuries and fibrosis were assessed by histology, fibrosis specific staining and fibroblast activation by a transmission electron microscope, while expression of proteins of interest was evaluated by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. VPA treatment ameliorated the histological alterations as well as fibrosis, and decreased the expression of TGF-β1, CTGF, α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, COX-2, ICAM-1 and HDAC4/5/7. Further, VPA treatment significantly increased histone H3 acetylation and MMP-2 expression. The present study clearly established that VPA treatment ameliorates the renal injury and fibrosis in diabetic kidney by preventing the myofibroblast activation and fibrogenesis by HDAC inhibition and associated mechanisms, thereby improving the profibrotic and anti-fibrotic protein balance.
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Xie M, Tian J, Luo Y, Wei L, Lin S, Tang S. Effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A on high glucose- and interleukin-1β-induced secretory mediators from human retinal endothelial cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells. Mol Vis 2014; 20:1411-21. [PMID: 25352747 PMCID: PMC4176430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to elucidate the effects of two epigenetic inhibitors, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) and trichostatin A (TSA), on several key secretory mediators of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) and human retinal pigment epithelial (HRPE) cells treated with high glucose or interleukin-1β (IL-1β). METHODS HRECs and HRPE cells were incubated in 30 mM D-glucose or 10 ng/ml IL-1β with or without the presence of various concentrations of 5-aza-dC or TSA. The production of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF), vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), IL-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) was evaluated at the mRNA and protein levels using real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. RESULTS In the 30 mM D-glucose and the 10 ng/ml IL-1β condition, the expression of VEGF, ICAM-1, IL-1β, and MMP2 was induced in the HRECs and the HRPE cells. PEDF was downregulated in the HRPE cells but upregulated in the HRECs. However, the PEDF-to-VEGF ratio, which is thought to be critical in DR, was downregulated in both cell types. 5-aza-dC dose-dependently alleviated VEGF, ICAM-1, IL-1β, and MMP2 and reversed PEDF or the PEDF/VEGF ratio in both cell types. TSA had similar effects as 5-aza-dC on the target mediators. However, ICAM-1 production was aggravated in the HRECs while remaining unchanged in the HRPE cells after TSA was administered. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that 5-aza-dC and TSA enhance the protective PEDF and the PEDF/VEGF ratio and ameliorate the adverse effects of diabetic stimuli in vitro, suggesting that these two drugs may be of potential therapeutic value in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyun Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Tian
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqing Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofen Lin
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China,Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, China,Aier Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
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Bhansali P, Hanigan CL, Perera L, Casero RA, Tillekeratne LMV. Synthesis and biological evaluation of largazole analogues with modified surface recognition cap groups. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:528-41. [PMID: 25203782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Several largazole analogues with modified surface recognition cap groups were synthesized and their HDAC inhibitory activities were determined. The C7-epimer 12 caused negligible inhibition of HDAC activity, failed to induce global histone 3 (H3) acetylation in the HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line and demonstrated minimal effect on growth. Although previous studies have shown some degree of tolerance of structural changes at C7 position of largazole, these data show the negative effect of conformational change accompanying change of configuration at this position. Similarly, analogue 16a with D-1-naphthylmethyl side chain at C2 too had negligible inhibition of HDAC activity, failed to induce global histone 3 (H3) acetylation in the HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line and demonstrated minimal effect on growth. In contrast, the L-allyl analogue 16b and the L-1-naphthylmethyl analogue 16c were potent HDAC inhibitors, showing robust induction of global H3 acetylation and significant effect on cell growth. The data suggest that even bulky substituents are tolerated at this position, provided the stereochemistry at C2 is retained. With bulky substituents, inversion of configuration at C2 results in loss of inhibitory activity. The activity profiles of 16b and 16c on Class I HDAC1 vs Class II HDAC6 are similar to those of largazole and, taken together with x-ray crystallography information of HDAC8-largazole complex, may suggest that the C2 position of largazole is not a suitable target for structural optimization to achieve isoform selectivity. The results of these studies may guide the synthesis of more potent and selective HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Bhansali
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, 2801, W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
| | - Christin L Hanigan
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bunting/Blaustein Cancer Research Building 1, 1650 Orleans Street, Room 551, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States
| | - Lalith Perera
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Robert A Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bunting/Blaustein Cancer Research Building 1, 1650 Orleans Street, Room 551, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States
| | - L M Viranga Tillekeratne
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, 2801, W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, OH 43606, United States.
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Huang W, Ren RG, Dong HQ, Wei BG, Lin GQ. Diverse synthesis of marine cyclic depsipeptide lagunamide A and its analogues. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10747-62. [PMID: 24090274 DOI: 10.1021/jo401687s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric total synthesis of lagunamide A (3.0%, 20 steps longest linear sequence) and its five analogues, including the structure dehydrated at the C37 position, are detailed in this report. The key feature in this diverse synthesis includes the elaboration of four consecutive chiral centers at C37-40 and the final macrocyclization. Starting from chiral aldehyde 10, we synthesized both 1,3-anti and 1,3-syn homoallylic alcohols 20a and 20b through asymmetric aldol condensation and stereoselective allylation. The following esterification to introduce the L-N-Me-Ala unit resulted in significant epimerization. This problem was finally overcome by coupling the alcohols with the corresponding acid chloride of the L-alanine derivative. The key α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid unit was produced by cross-metathesis (CM) of methacrylaldehyde and related olefins. Interestingly, we found that the C7 configuration dramatically affected the ring closure. Natural lagunamide A (1a), its 39-epimer (1c), and its 2-epimer (1d) were obtained through macrolactamization between alanine and isoleucine moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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