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Carruthers NJ, Guo C, Gill R, Stemmer PM, Rosenspire AJ. Mercury intoxication disrupts tonic signaling in B cells, and may promote autoimmunity due to abnormal phosphorylation of STIM-1 and other autoimmunity risk associated phosphoproteins involved in BCR signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 474:116607. [PMID: 37348680 PMCID: PMC10534200 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies link exposure to mercury with autoimmune disease. Unfortunately, in spite of considerable effort, no generally accepted mechanistic understanding of how mercury functions with respect to the etiology of autoimmune disease is currently available. Nevertheless, autoimmune disease often arises because of defective B cell signaling. Because B cell signaling is dependent on phosphorylation cascades, in this report, we have focused on how mercury intoxication alters phosphorylation of B cell proteins in antigen-non stimulated (tonic) mouse (BALB/c) splenic B cells. Specifically, we utilized mass spectrometric techniques to conduct a comprehensive unbiased global analysis of the effect of inorganic mercury (Hg2+) on the entire B cell phosphoproteome. We found that the effects were pleotropic in the sense that large numbers of pathways were impacted. However, confirming our earlier work, we found that the B cell signaling pathway stood out from the rest, in that phosphoproteins which had sites which were affected by Hg2+, exhibited a much higher degree of connectivity, than components of other pathways. Further analysis showed that many of these BCR pathway proteins had been previously linked to autoimmune disease. Finally, dose response analysis of these BCR pathway proteins showed STIM1_S575, and NFAT2_S259 are the two most Hg2+ sensitive of these sites. Because STIM1_S575 controls the ability of STIM1 to regulate internal Ca2+, we speculate that STIM1 may be the initial point of disruption, where Hg2+ interferes with B cell signaling leading to systemic autoimmunity, with the molecular effects pleiotropically propagated throughout the cell by virtue of Ca2+ dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - C Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - R Gill
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - P M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - A J Rosenspire
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America.
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2
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Guo C, Mattingly RR, Stemmer PM, Rosenspire AJ. At low levels, inorganic mercury interference with antigen signaling is associated with modifications to a panel of novel phosphoserine sites in B cell receptor pathway proteins. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 89:105564. [PMID: 36736710 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that human and animal exposure to environmental mercury (Hg) disrupts normal immune system function, but the molecular mechanism responsible for this is still unresolved. We have previously utilized phospho-proteomic mass spectrometry to demonstrate that in the absence of B Cell Receptor (BCR) stimulation, exposure of B cells to Hg induces significant changes to a great many elements of the BCR signaling pathway in a concentration dependent manner. In this report, we have extended those initial findings by utilizing mass spectrometry to evaluate in detail the effect of low-level Hg exposure on BCR induced phospho-proteomic changes. Specifically, murine WEHI-231 B lymphoma cells were exposed to environmentally relevant levels of Hg with or without concomitant BCR stimulation. The cellular phospho-proteomes were then profiled by LC-MS/MS. We found that for low-level exposures, Hg interference with signal transduction across the BCR pathway was predominantly associated with modification of phosphorylation of 12 phosphosites located on seven different proteins. Nine sites were serine, two sites tyrosine and one site threonine. Most of these sites are novel, in the sense that only the two tyrosine and one of the serine sites have previously been reported to be associated with BCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunna Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Raymond R Mattingly
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Allen J Rosenspire
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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3
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Yang Z, Zhao Y, Li Q, Shao Y, Yu X, Cong W, Jia X, Qu W, Cheng L, Xue P, Zhou Z, He M, Zhang Y. Developmental exposure to mercury chloride impairs social behavior in male offspring dependent on genetic background and maternal autoimmune environment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 370:1-13. [PMID: 30862457 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To date, the connection between inorganic mercury (Hg) and social behavior remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal autoimmunity by inorganic Hg (Hg2+) exposure on social behavior of offspring. Wild-type (WT) and immunoglobulin deficient (Ig-/-) B10.S dams fertilized by male WT B10.S or SJL mice were treated with 50 μM Hg chloride (HgCl2). Non-pregnant female WT B10.S mice were used to investigate factors regulating HgCl2-induced autoimmunity to brain. HgCl2 selectively impaired social behavior in male offspring, but not female offspring from WT B10.S dams × male SJL, in that only male offspring displayed reduced time distribution with the stranger mouse, decreased sniffing to the stranger mouse and increased self-grooming. HgCl2 did not disrupt social behavior of male or female offspring from WT B10.S dams × male WT B10.S or Ig-/- B10.S dams × male SJL. The offspring from WT and Ig-/- B10.S dams × male SJL had equivalent autoimmunity to brain antigens during HgCl2 exposure, indicating that maternal, but not offspring-derived anti-brain antibodies (Ab) impaired social behavior of the offspring. Non-pregnant WT B10.S mice treated with HgCl2 had increased anti-brain Ab dependent on increase in CD4 T cell activation and IFNγ signaling to macrophages. IFNγ interaction with macrophages drove B cells and plasma cells to produce IgG. Therefore, HgCl2 selectively impaired social behavior in males with certain genetic background via maternally derived anti-brain Ab production, thus providing a novel insight into our current understanding of Hg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengli Yang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinchun Yu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Cong
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaodong Jia
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Weidong Qu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Longzhen Cheng
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Xue
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Miao He
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Pollard KM, Cauvi DM, Toomey CB, Hultman P, Kono DH. Mercury-induced inflammation and autoimmunity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:129299. [PMID: 30742953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human exposure to mercury leads to a variety of pathologies involving numerous organ systems including the immune system. A paucity of epidemiological studies and suitable diagnostic criteria, however, has hampered collection of sufficient data to support a causative role for mercury in autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, there is evidence that mercury exposure in humans is linked to markers of inflammation and autoimmunity. This is supported by experimental animal model studies, which convincingly demonstrate the biological plausibility of mercury as a factor in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW In this review, we focus on ability of mercury to elicit inflammatory and autoimmune responses in both humans and experimental animal models. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Although subtle differences exist, the inflammatory and autoimmune responses elicited by mercury exposure in humans and experimental animal models show many similarities. Proinflammatory cytokine expression, lymphoproliferation, autoantibody production, and nephropathy are common outcomes. Animal studies have revealed significant strain dependent differences in inflammation and autoimmunity suggesting genetic regulation. This has been confirmed by the requirement for individual genes as well as genome wide association studies. Importantly, many of the genes required for mercury-induced inflammation and autoimmunity are also required for idiopathic systemic autoimmunity. A notable difference is that mercury-induced autoimmunity does not require type I IFN. This observation suggests that mercury-induced autoimmunity may arise by both common and specific pathways, thereby raising the possibility of devising criteria for environmentally associated autoimmunity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Mercury exposure likely contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Michael Pollard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, United States of America.
| | - David M Cauvi
- Department of Surgery and Center for Investigations of Health and Education Disparities, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0739, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
| | - Christopher B Toomey
- Shiley Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0946, La Jolla, CA 92093.
| | - Per Hultman
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Dwight H Kono
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, United States of America.
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Caruso JA, Carruthers NJ, Thibodeau B, Geddes TJ, Dombkowski AA, Stemmer PM. Global Signaling Profiling in a Human Model of Tumorigenic Progression Indicates a Role for Alternative RNA Splicing in Cellular Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102847. [PMID: 30241319 PMCID: PMC6213538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling is controlled to a large extent by the phosphorylation status of proteins. To determine how human breast cells can be reprogrammed during tumorigenic progression, we profiled cell lines in the MCF10A lineage by phosphoproteomic analyses. A large cluster of proteins involved in RNA splicing were hypophosphorylated as cells progressed to a hyperplastic state, and then hyperphosphorylated after progression to a fully metastatic phenotype. A comprehensive transcriptomic approach was used to determine whether alterations in splicing factor phosphorylation status would be reflected in changes in mRNA splicing. Results indicated that the degree of mRNA splicing trended with the degree of tumorigenicity of the 4 cell lines tested. That is, highly metastatic cell cultures had the greatest number of genes with splice variants, and these genes had greater fluctuations in expression intensities. Genes with high splicing indices were mapped against gene ontology terms to determine whether they have known roles in cancer. This group showed highly significant associations for angiogenesis, cytokine-mediated signaling, cell migration, programmed cell death and epithelial cell differentiation. In summary, data from global profiling of a human model of breast cancer development suggest that therapeutics should be developed which target signaling pathways that regulate RNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Bryan Thibodeau
- Beaumont BioBank and Molecular Core Laboratory, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA.
| | - Timothy J Geddes
- Beaumont BioBank and Molecular Core Laboratory, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA.
| | - Alan A Dombkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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6
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Manes NP, Nita-Lazar A. Application of targeted mass spectrometry in bottom-up proteomics for systems biology research. J Proteomics 2018; 189:75-90. [PMID: 29452276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The enormous diversity of proteoforms produces tremendous complexity within cellular proteomes, facilitates intricate networks of molecular interactions, and constitutes a formidable analytical challenge for biomedical researchers. Currently, quantitative whole-proteome profiling often relies on non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which samples proteoforms broadly, but can suffer from lower accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility compared with targeted LC-MS. Recent advances in bottom-up proteomics using targeted LC-MS have enabled previously unachievable identification and quantification of target proteins and posttranslational modifications within complex samples. Consequently, targeted LC-MS is rapidly advancing biomedical research, especially systems biology research in diverse areas that include proteogenomics, interactomics, kinomics, and biological pathway modeling. With the recent development of targeted LC-MS assays for nearly the entire human proteome, targeted LC-MS is positioned to enable quantitative proteomic profiling of unprecedented quality and accessibility to support fundamental and clinical research. Here we review recent applications of bottom-up proteomics using targeted LC-MS for systems biology research. SIGNIFICANCE: Advances in targeted proteomics are rapidly advancing systems biology research. Recent applications include systems-level investigations focused on posttranslational modifications (such as phosphoproteomics), protein conformation, protein-protein interaction, kinomics, proteogenomics, and metabolic and signaling pathways. Notably, absolute quantification of metabolic and signaling pathway proteins has enabled accurate pathway modeling and engineering. Integration of targeted proteomics with other technologies, such as RNA-seq, has facilitated diverse research such as the identification of hundreds of "missing" human proteins (genes and transcripts that appear to encode proteins but direct experimental evidence was lacking).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Manes
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aleksandra Nita-Lazar
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Carruthers NJ, Rosenspire AJ, Caruso JA, Stemmer PM. Low level Hg 2+ exposure modulates the B-cell cytoskeletal phosphoproteome. J Proteomics 2017; 173:107-114. [PMID: 29199152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of Wehi-231 B-cells to Hg2+ for 5min resulted in concentration dependent changes in protein phosphorylations. Phosphorylation was quantified using mass spectrometry to analyze TiO2 and anti-pTyr antibody selected phosphopeptides from Wehi-231 digests. The most frequent and largest amplitude responses to Hg2+ exposure were increased phosphorylation although a decrease was observed for 1% of phosphoproteins detected in the untreated cells. A subset of proteins responded with an increase in phosphorylation to Hg2+ exposure at low micromolar concentrations. The majority of proteins required Hg2+ over 20μM in order to increase phosphorylation. Ser/Thr phosphorylations are prominent in the cytoskeletal organization and the GTPase signaling systems and these systems are notable as the primary ones responding to the lowest concentrations of Hg2+. Systems that required higher concentrations of Hg2+ to increase phosphorylation included immune receptor signaling. The proteins for which an increase in phosphorylation occurred at Hg2+ above 20μM have a higher proportion of pTyr sites. Anti Ig stimulation of Wehi-231 cells confirmed that cytoskeletal protein phosphorylation and GTPase signaling are modulated in physiologically relevant B-cell receptor activation. Candidate kinases that respond to Hg2+ exposure at the low μM concentrations include MAP Kinase 1, CaM Kinase II delta and PAK2. SIGNIFICANCE Mercury (Hg) is a wide spread environmental toxicant. Epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest that exposure to environmental Hg at current levels, which have been perceived to be non-toxic, may contribute to immune system dysfunction and autoimmune disease in humans and animals respectively. While we have previously shown that exposure of B lymphocytes to low levels of mercury interferes with B-cell receptor signaling mediated by post transcriptional phosphorylation events, overall the mechanism that is responsible for increased autoimmunity in mercury exposed human or animal populations is not well understood. The current study evaluated the dose dependent actions of mercury to change phosphorylation in the Wehi-231 cell line, an immature B-cell model in which actions of mercury on development of cell function can be evaluated. The study identified the cytoskeletal proteins as the most sensitive to modulation by mercury with changes in Ser/Thr phosphorylation being observed at the lowest concentrations of mercury. These findings indicate that the actions of mercury on B-cell immune function and development are at least in part likely mediated through changes in cytoskeletal protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Allen J Rosenspire
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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8
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Ruden DM, Gurdziel K, Aschner M. Frontiers in Toxicogenomics in the Twenty-First Century-the Grand Challenge: To Understand How the Genome and Epigenome Interact with the Toxic Environment at the Single-Cell, Whole-Organism, and Multi-Generational Level. Front Genet 2017; 8:173. [PMID: 29170679 PMCID: PMC5684185 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas M Ruden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.,C. S. Mott Center for Human Health and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.,Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Katherine Gurdziel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.,C. S. Mott Center for Human Health and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.,Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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Carruthers NJ, Stemmer PM, Chen B, Valeriote F, Gao X, Guatam SC, Shaw J. Phosphoproteome and transcription factor activity profiling identify actions of the anti-inflammatory agent UTL-5g in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells including disrupting actin remodeling and STAT-3 activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 811:66-73. [PMID: 28576409 PMCID: PMC5581996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UTL-5g is a novel small-molecule TNF-alpha modulator. It reduces cisplatin-induced side effects by protecting kidney, liver, and platelets, thereby increasing tolerance for cisplatin. UTL-5g also reduces radiation-induced acute liver toxicity. The mechanism of action for UTL-5g is not clear at the present time. A phosphoproteomic analysis to a depth of 4943 phosphopeptides and a luminescence-based transcription factor activity assay were used to provide complementary analyses of signaling events that were disrupted by UTL-5g in RAW 264.7 cells. Transcriptional activity downstream of the interferon gamma, IL-6, type 1 Interferon, TGF-β, PKC/Ca2+ and the glucocorticoid receptor pathways were disrupted by UTL-5g. Phosphoproteomic analysis indicated that hyperphosphorylation of proteins involved in actin remodeling was suppressed by UTL-5g (gene set analysis, FDR < 1%) as was phosphorylation of Stat3, consistent with the IL-6 results in the transcription factor assay. Neither analysis indicated that LPS-induced activation of the NF-kB, cAMP/PKA and JNK signaling pathways were affected by UTL-5g. This global characterization of UTL-5g activity in a macrophage cell line discovered that it disrupts selected aspects of LPS signaling including Stat3 activation and actin remodeling providing new insight on how UTL-5g acts to reduce cisplatin-induced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Carruthers
- Wayne State University, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 540 East Canfield Ave., Room 2105, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Wayne State University, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 540 East Canfield Ave., Room 2105, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Ben Chen
- 21st Century Therapeutics, Inc., 440 Burroughs, Suite 447, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Frederick Valeriote
- Henry Ford Health System, Internal Medicine, 440 Burroughs, Suite 415, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Xiaohua Gao
- Henry Ford Health System, Department of Surgery, One Ford Place, Oncology Research Laboratory, 4D, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Subhash C Guatam
- Henry Ford Health System, Department of Surgery, One Ford Place, Oncology Research Laboratory, 4D, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Jiajiu Shaw
- 21st Century Therapeutics, Inc., 440 Burroughs, Suite 447, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Henry Ford Health System, Internal Medicine, 440 Burroughs, Suite 415, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
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10
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Akintunde J, Babaita A. Effect of PUFAs from Pteleopsis suberosa stem bark on androgenic enzymes, cellular ATP and prostatic acid phosphatase in mercury chloride – Exposed rat. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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11
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Caruso JA, Carruthers N, Shin N, Gill R, Stemmer PM, Rosenspire A. Mercury alters endogenous phosphorylation profiles of SYK in murine B cells. BMC Immunol 2017; 18:37. [PMID: 28716125 PMCID: PMC5514489 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-017-0221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence and animal models suggest that exposure to low and non-neurotoxic concentrations of mercury may contribute to idiosyncratic autoimmune disease. Since defects in function and signaling in B cells are often associated with autoimmunity, we investigated whether mercury exposure might alter B cell responsiveness to self-antigens by interfering with B cell receptor (BCR) signal transduction. In this study we determined the effects of mercury on the protein tyrosine kinase SYK, a critical protein involved in regulation of the BCR signaling pathway. METHODS Phosphorylation sites of murine SYK were mapped before and after treatment of WEHI cell cultures with mercury, or with anti-IgM antibody (positive control) or pervanadate (a potent phosphatase inhibitor). Phosphopeptides were enriched by either titanium dioxide chromatography or anti-phosphotyrosine immunoaffinity, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Select SYK phosphosite cluster regions were profiled for responsiveness to treatments using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) methodology. RESULTS A total of 23 phosphosites were identified with high probability in endogenous SYK, including 19 tyrosine and 4 serine residues. For 10 of these sites phosphorylation levels were increased following BCR activation. Using MRM to profile changes in phosphorylation status we found that 4 cluster regions, encompassing 8 phosphosites, were activated by mercury and differentially responsive to all 3 treatments. Phosphorylation of tyrosine-342 and -346 residues were most sensitive to mercury exposure. This cluster is known to propagate normal BCR signal transduction by recruiting adaptor proteins such as PLC-γ and Vav-1 to SYK during formation of the BCR signalosome. CONCLUSIONS Our data shows that mercury alters the phosphorylation status of SYK on tyrosine sites known to have a role in promoting BCR signals. Considering the importance of SYK in the BCR signaling pathway, these data suggest that mercury can alter BCR signaling in B cells, which might affect B cell responsiveness to self-antigen and have implications with respect to autoimmunity and autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Nicholas Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Namhee Shin
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Randal Gill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Allen Rosenspire
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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12
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Gill R, McCabe MJ, Rosenspire AJ. Low level exposure to inorganic mercury interferes with B cell receptor signaling in transitional type 1 B cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 330:22-29. [PMID: 28668464 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) has been implicated as a factor contributing to autoimmune disease in animal models and humans. However the mechanism by which this occurs has remained elusive. Since the discovery of B cells it has been appreciated by immunologists that during the normal course of B cell development, some immature B cells must be generated that produce immunoglobulin reactive to self-antigens (auto-antibodies). However in the course of normal development, the vast majority of immature auto-reactive B cells are prevented from maturing by processes collectively known as tolerance. Autoimmune disease arises when these mechanisms of tolerance are disrupted. In the B cell compartment, it is firmly established that tolerance depends in part upon negative selection of self-reactive immature (transitional type 1) B cells. In these cells negative selection depends upon signals generated by the B Cell Receptor (BCR), in the sense that those T1 B cells who's BCRs most strongly bind to, and so generate the strongest signals to self-antigens are neutralized. In this report we have utilized multicolor phosphoflow cytometry to show that in immature T1 B cells Hg attenuates signal generation by the BCR through mechanisms that may involve Lyn, a key tyrosine kinase in the BCR signal transduction pathway. We suggest that exposure to low, environmentally relevant levels of Hg, disrupts tolerance by interfering with BCR signaling in immature B cells, potentially leading to the appearance of mature auto-reactive B cells which have the ability to contribute to auto-immune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gill
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - M J McCabe
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - A J Rosenspire
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
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Psatha K, Kollipara L, Voutyraki C, Divanach P, Sickmann A, Rassidakis GZ, Drakos E, Aivaliotis M. Deciphering lymphoma pathogenesis via state-of-the-art mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1047:2-14. [PMID: 27979587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics specifically applied to comprehend the pathogenesis of lymphoma has incremental value in deciphering the heterogeneity in complex deregulated molecular mechanisms/pathways of the lymphoma entities, implementing the current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Essential global, targeted and functional differential proteomics analyses although still evolving, have been successfully implemented to shed light on lymphoma pathogenesis to discover and explore the role of potential lymphoma biomarkers and drug targets. This review aims to outline and appraise the present status of MS-based quantitative proteomic approaches in lymphoma research, introducing the current state-of-the-art MS-based proteomic technologies, the opportunities they offer in biological discovery in human lymphomas and the related limitation issues arising from sample preparation to data evaluation. It is a synopsis containing information obtained from recent research articles, reviews and public proteomics repositories (PRIDE). We hope that this review article will aid, assimilate and assess all the information aiming to accelerate the development and validation of diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic targets for an improved and empowered clinical proteomics application in lymphomas in the nearby future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Psatha
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece; School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Laxmikanth Kollipara
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Peter Divanach
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany; Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom; Medizinische Fakultät, Medizinische Proteom-Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - George Z Rassidakis
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Radiumhemmet, Stockholm, SE-17176, Sweden
| | - Elias Drakos
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Titz B, Elamin A, Martin F, Schneider T, Dijon S, Ivanov NV, Hoeng J, Peitsch MC. Proteomics for systems toxicology. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2014; 11:73-90. [PMID: 25379146 PMCID: PMC4212285 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Current toxicology studies frequently lack measurements at molecular resolution to enable a more mechanism-based and predictive toxicological assessment. Recently, a systems toxicology assessment framework has been proposed, which combines conventional toxicological assessment strategies with system-wide measurement methods and computational analysis approaches from the field of systems biology. Proteomic measurements are an integral component of this integrative strategy because protein alterations closely mirror biological effects, such as biological stress responses or global tissue alterations. Here, we provide an overview of the technical foundations and highlight select applications of proteomics for systems toxicology studies. With a focus on mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we summarize the experimental methods for quantitative proteomics and describe the computational approaches used to derive biological/mechanistic insights from these datasets. To illustrate how proteomics has been successfully employed to address mechanistic questions in toxicology, we summarized several case studies. Overall, we provide the technical and conceptual foundation for the integration of proteomic measurements in a more comprehensive systems toxicology assessment framework. We conclude that, owing to the critical importance of protein-level measurements and recent technological advances, proteomics will be an integral part of integrative systems toxicology approaches in the future.
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