1
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Lulla AR, Akli S, Karakas C, Caruso JA, Warma LD, Fowlkes NW, Rao X, Wang J, Hunt KK, Watowich SS, Keyomarsi K. Neutrophil Elastase Remodels Mammary Tumors to Facilitate Lung Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:492-506. [PMID: 37796181 PMCID: PMC10987287 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic disease remains the leading cause of death due to cancer, yet the mechanism(s) of metastasis and its timely detection remain to be elucidated. Neutrophil elastase (NE), a serine protease secreted by neutrophils, is a crucial mediator of chronic inflammation and tumor progression. In this study, we used the PyMT model (NE+/+ and NE-/-) of breast cancer to interrogate the tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms by which NE can promote metastasis. Our results showed that genetic ablation of NE significantly reduced lung metastasis and improved metastasis-free survival. RNA-sequencing analysis of primary tumors indicated differential regulation of tumor-intrinsic actin cytoskeleton signaling pathways by NE. These NE-regulated pathways are critical for cell-to-cell contact and motility and consistent with the delay in metastasis in NE-/- mice. To evaluate whether pharmacologic inhibition of NE inhibited pulmonary metastasis and phenotypically mimicked PyMT NE-/- mice, we utilized AZD9668, a clinically available and specific NE inhibitor. We found AZD9668 treated PyMT-NE+/+ mice showed significantly reduced lung metastases, improved recurrence-free, metastasis-free and overall survival, and their tumors showed similar molecular alterations as those observed in PyMT-NE-/- tumors. Finally, we identified a NE-specific signature that predicts recurrence and metastasis in patients with breast cancer. Collectively, our studies suggest that genetic ablation and pharmacologic inhibition of NE reduces metastasis and extends survival of mouse models of breast cancer, providing rationale to examine NE inhibitors as a treatment strategy for the clinical management of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amriti R. Lulla
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Said Akli
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cansu Karakas
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joseph A. Caruso
- Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lucas D. Warma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Natalie W. Fowlkes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiayu Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kelly K. Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stephanie S. Watowich
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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2
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Caruso JA, Wang X, Murrow LM, Rodriguez CI, Chen-Tanyolac C, Vu L, Chen YY, Gascard P, Gartner ZJ, Kerlikowske K, Tlsty TD. Loss of PPARγ activity characterizes early protumorigenic stromal reprogramming and dictates the therapeutic window of opportunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303774120. [PMID: 37816052 PMCID: PMC10589683 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303774120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although robustly expressed in the disease-free (DF) breast stroma, CD36 is consistently absent from the stroma surrounding invasive breast cancers (IBCs). In this study, we primarily observed CD36 expression in adipocytes and intralobular capillaries within the DF breast. Larger vessels concentrated in interlobular regions lacked CD36 and were instead marked by the expression of CD31. When evaluated in perilesional capillaries surrounding ductal carcinoma in situ, a nonobligate IBC precursor, CD36 loss was more commonly observed in lesions associated with subsequent IBC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) governs the expression of CD36 and genes involved in differentiation, metabolism, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Coincident with CD36 loss, we observed a dramatic suppression of PPARγ and its target genes in capillary endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes, which typically surround and support the stability of the capillary endothelium. Factors present in conditioned media from malignant cells repressed PPARγ and its target genes not only in cultured ECs and pericytes but also in adipocytes, which require PPARγ for proper differentiation. In addition, we identified a role for PPARγ in opposing the transition of pericytes toward a tumor-supportive myofibroblast phenotype. In mouse xenograft models, early intervention with rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, demonstrated significant antitumor effects; however, following the development of a palpable tumor, the antitumor effects of rosiglitazone were negated by the repression of PPARγ in the mouse stroma. In summary, PPARγ activity in healthy tissues places several stromal cell types in an antitumorigenic state, directly inhibiting EC proliferation, maintaining adipocyte differentiation, and suppressing the transition of pericytes into tumor-supportive myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lyndsay M Murrow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | | | | | - Lisa Vu
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Yunn-Yi Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Philippe Gascard
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Zev J Gartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Karla Kerlikowske
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Thea D Tlsty
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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3
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Murrow LM, Weber RJ, Caruso JA, McGinnis CS, Phong K, Gascard P, Rabadam G, Borowsky AD, Desai TA, Thomson M, Tlsty T, Gartner ZJ. Mapping hormone-regulated cell-cell interaction networks in the human breast at single-cell resolution. Cell Syst 2022; 13:644-664.e8. [PMID: 35863345 PMCID: PMC9590200 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The rise and fall of estrogen and progesterone across menstrual cycles and during pregnancy regulates breast development and modifies cancer risk. How these hormones impact each cell type in the breast remains poorly understood because they act indirectly through paracrine networks. Using single-cell analysis of premenopausal breast tissue, we reveal a network of coordinated transcriptional programs representing the tissue-level response to changing hormone levels. Our computational approach, DECIPHER-seq, leverages person-to-person variability in breast composition and cell state to uncover programs that co-vary across individuals. We use differences in cell-type proportions to infer a subset of programs that arise from direct cell-cell interactions regulated by hormones. Further, we demonstrate that prior pregnancy and obesity modify hormone responsiveness through distinct mechanisms: obesity reduces the proportion of hormone-responsive cells, whereas pregnancy dampens the direct response of these cells to hormones. Together, these results provide a comprehensive map of the cycling human breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsay M Murrow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Robert J Weber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94518, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christopher S McGinnis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kiet Phong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Philippe Gascard
- Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gabrielle Rabadam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alexander D Borowsky
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95696, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Thea Tlsty
- Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Zev J Gartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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4
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Caruso JA, Tlsty TD. Remaining true to one's identity. Nat Aging 2021; 1:757-759. [PMID: 37117630 PMCID: PMC10835580 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The ability to remain true to cellular identity and function is lost during aging and carcinogenesis when DNA damage triggers inflammation that progressively erodes homeostatic cues. Shalabi et al. show that these losses are accelerated in patients with germline cancer mutations in DNA repair genes and are independent of chronological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Thea D Tlsty
- Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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5
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Carruthers NJ, Strieder-Barboza C, Caruso JA, Flesher CG, Baker NA, Kerk SA, Ky A, Ehlers AP, Varban OA, Lyssiotis CA, Lumeng CN, Stemmer PM, O'Rourke RW. The human type 2 diabetes-specific visceral adipose tissue proteome and transcriptome in obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17394. [PMID: 34462518 PMCID: PMC8405693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes (DM) but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our objective in this discovery analysis was to identify genes and proteins regulated by DM to elucidate aberrant cellular metabolic and signaling mediators. We performed label-free proteomics and RNA-sequencing analysis of VAT from female bariatric surgery subjects with DM and without DM (NDM). We quantified 1965 protein groups, 23 proteins, and 372 genes that were differently abundant in DM vs. NDM VAT. Proteins downregulated in DM were related to fatty acid synthesis and mitochondrial function (fatty acid synthase, FASN; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial, E3 component, DLD; succinate dehydrogenase-α, SDHA) while proteins upregulated in DM were associated with innate immunity and transcriptional regulation (vitronectin, VTN; endothelial protein C receptor, EPCR; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B, STAT5B). Transcriptome indicated defects in innate inflammation, lipid metabolism, and extracellular matrix (ECM) function, and components of complement classical and alternative cascades. The VAT proteome and transcriptome shared 13 biological processes impacted by DM, related to complement activation, cell proliferation and migration, ECM organization, lipid metabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Our data revealed a marked effect of DM in downregulating FASN. We also demonstrate enrichment of complement factor B (CFB), coagulation factor XIII A chain (F13A1), thrombospondin 1 (THBS1), and integrins at mRNA and protein levels, albeit with lower q-values and lack of Western blot or PCR confirmation. Our findings suggest putative mechanisms of VAT dysfunction in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Carruthers
- Proteomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Clarissa Strieder-Barboza
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carmen G Flesher
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nicki A Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Samuel A Kerk
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alexander Ky
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Anne P Ehlers
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Oliver A Varban
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Proteomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Robert W O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA. .,Section of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5343, USA.
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6
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Mohamad AH, Caruso JA. Element-Selective Plasma Emission Detectors for Gas Chromatography. Advances in Chromatography 2021. [DOI: 10.1201/9781003209027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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7
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Hu C, Zhang M, Moses N, Hu CL, Polin L, Chen W, Jang H, Heyza J, Malysa A, Caruso JA, Xiang S, Patrick S, Stemmer P, Lou Z, Bai W, Wang C, Bepler G, Zhang XM. The USP10-HDAC6 axis confers cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer lacking wild-type p53. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:328. [PMID: 32382008 PMCID: PMC7206099 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (USP10) stabilizes both tumor suppressors and oncogenes in a context-dependent manner. However, the nature of USP10’s role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we have shown that high levels of USP10 are associated with poor overall survival in NSCLC with mutant p53, but not with wild-type p53. Consistently, genetic depletion or pharmacological inhibition of USP10 dramatically reduces the growth of lung cancer xenografts lacking wild-type p53 and sensitizes them to cisplatin. Mechanistically, USP10 interacts with, deubiquitinates, and stabilizes oncogenic protein histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). Furthermore, reintroducing either USP10 or HDAC6 into a USP10-knockdown NSCLC H1299 cell line with null-p53 renders cisplatin resistance. This result suggests the existence of a “USP10-HDAC6-cisplatin resistance” axis. Clinically, we have found a positive correlation between USP10 and HDAC6 expression in a cohort of NSCLC patient samples. Moreover, we have shown that high levels of USP10 mRNA correlate with poor overall survival in a cohort of advanced NSCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy. Overall, our studies suggest that USP10 could be a potential biomarker for predicting patient response to platinum, and that targeting USP10 could sensitize lung cancer patients lacking wild-type p53 to platinum-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Niko Moses
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Cong-Li Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisa Polin
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Hyejeong Jang
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Joshua Heyza
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Agnes Malysa
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Proteomics Facility Core, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Scott Hall of Medical Sciences, 540 East Canfield, Room 2105, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Shengyan Xiang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Steve Patrick
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Paul Stemmer
- Proteomics Facility Core, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Scott Hall of Medical Sciences, 540 East Canfield, Room 2105, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Wenlong Bai
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Chuangui Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Gerold Bepler
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Xiaohong Mary Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R. St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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8
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Dubaisi S, Fang H, Caruso JA, Gaedigk R, Vyhlidal CA, Kocarek TA, Runge-Morris M. Developmental Expression of SULT1C4 Transcript Variants in Human Liver: Implications for Discordance Between SULT1C4 mRNA and Protein Levels. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:515-520. [PMID: 32303576 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.090829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) metabolize a variety of xenobiotic and endogenous substrates. Several SULTs are expressed in the fetus, implying that these enzymes have important functions during human development. We recently reported that while SULT1C4 mRNA is abundant in prenatal human liver specimens, SULT1C4 protein is barely detectable. Two coding transcript variants (TVs) of SULT1C4 are indexed in GenBank, TV1 (full-length) and TV2 (lacking exons 3 and 4). The purpose of this study was to evaluate expression of the individual TVs as a clue for understanding the discordance between mRNA and protein levels. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was initially performed to identify TVs expressed in intestinal and hepatic cell lines. This analysis generated fragments corresponding to TV1, TV2, and a third variant that lacked exon 3 (E3DEL). Using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays designed to quantify TV1, TV2, or E3DEL individually, all three TVs were more highly expressed in prenatal than postnatal specimens. TV2 levels were ∼fivefold greater than TV1, while E3DEL levels were minimal. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of another set of liver specimens confirmed that TV1 and TV2 levels were highest in prenatal liver, with TV2 higher than TV1. RNA-seq also detected a noncoding RNA, which was also more abundant in prenatal liver. Transfection of HEK293T cells with plasmids expressing individual Asp-Tyr-Lys-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys-tagged SULT1C4 isoforms demonstrated that TV1 produced much more protein than did TV2. These data suggest that the lack of correspondence between SULT1C4 mRNA and protein levels in human liver is likely attributable to the inability of the more abundant TV2 to produce stable protein. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) metabolize a variety of xenobiotic and endogenous substrates, and several SULTs are highly expressed in the fetus, implying that they have important functions during human development. SULT1C4 is highly expressed in prenatal liver at the mRNA level but not the protein level. This study provides an explanation for this discordance by demonstrating that the predominant SULT1C4 transcript is a variant that produces relatively little protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dubaisi
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (H.F., J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.)
| | - Hailin Fang
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (H.F., J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.)
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (H.F., J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.)
| | - Roger Gaedigk
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (H.F., J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.)
| | - Carrie A Vyhlidal
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (H.F., J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.)
| | - Thomas A Kocarek
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (H.F., J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.)
| | - Melissa Runge-Morris
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (H.F., J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.)
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9
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Abstract
Abstract
A review is presented on recent applications of plasma spectrometric techniques for speciation analysis in beverages. The 3 most common ways of characterizing beverages in addition to elemental speciation are also discussed: total element analysis, isotope ratio, and statistical characterization. To date, most of the elemental characterization in beverages with plasma techniques has been performed in the statistical evaluation of wines and in teas. However, despite the increasing interest in elemental speciation, most of the plasma-based techniques in beverage studies are used for total metal detection and the full capabilities of inductively coupled plasma techniques have yet to be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juris Meija
- University of Cincinnati, McMicken College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172
| | - Sandra Mounicou
- University of Cincinnati, McMicken College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- University of Cincinnati, McMicken College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172
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10
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Dombkowski AA, Cukovic D, Bagla S, Jones M, Caruso JA, Chugani HT, Chugani DC. TLR7 activation in epilepsy of tuberous sclerosis complex. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:993-998. [PMID: 31511910 PMCID: PMC6823312 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and toll-like receptors (TLR) of the innate immune system have been implicated in epilepsy. We previously reported high levels of microRNAs miR-142-3p and miR-223-3p in epileptogenic brain tissue resected for the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). As miR-142-3p has recently been reported to be a ligand and activator of TLR7, a detector of exogenous and endogenous single-stranded RNA, we evaluated TLR7 expression and downstream IL23A activation in surgically resected TSC brain tissue. METHODS Gene expression analysis was performed on cortical tissue obtained from surgery of TSC children with pharmacoresistent epilepsy. Expression of TLRs 2, 4 and 7 was measured using NanoString nCounter assays. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to confirm TLR7 expression and compare TLR7 activation, indicated by IL-23A levels, to levels of miR-142-3p. Protein markers characteristic for TLR7 activation were assessed using data from our existing quantitative proteomics dataset of TSC tissue. Capillary electrophoresis Western blots were used to confirm TLR7 protein expression in a subset of samples. RESULTS TLR7 transcript expression was present in all TSC specimens. The signaling competent form of TLR7 protein was detected in the membrane fraction of each sample tested. Downstream activation of TLR7 was found in epileptogenic lesions having elevated neuroinflammation indicated by clinical neuroimaging. TLR7 activity was significantly associated with tissue levels of miR-142-3p. CONCLUSION TLR7 activation by microRNAs may contribute to the neuroinflammatory cascade in epilepsy in TSC. Further characterization of this mechanism may enable the combined of use of neuroimaging and TLR7 inhibitors in a personalized approach towards the treatment of intractable epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan A Dombkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Clinical Pharmacology Room 3L22, 3901 Beaubien Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Daniela Cukovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shruti Bagla
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - McKenzie Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Harry T Chugani
- Katzin Diagnostic and Research PET/MR Center, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Diane C Chugani
- Katzin Diagnostic and Research PET/MR Center, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Departments of Communication Sciences and Disorders, and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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Dubaisi S, Caruso JA, Gaedigk R, Vyhlidal CA, Smith PC, Hines RN, Kocarek TA, Runge-Morris M. Developmental Expression of the Cytosolic Sulfotransferases in Human Liver. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:592-600. [PMID: 30885913 PMCID: PMC6505379 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.086363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is the predominant organ of metabolism for many endogenous and foreign chemicals. Cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) catalyze the sulfonation of drugs and other xenobiotics, as well as hormones, neurotransmitters, and sterols, with consequences that include enhanced drug elimination, hormone inactivation, and procarcinogen bioactivation. SULTs are classified into six gene families, but only SULT1 and SULT2 enzymes are expressed in human liver. We characterized the developmental expression patterns of SULT1 and SULT2 mRNAs and proteins in human liver samples using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), RNA sequencing, and targeted quantitative proteomics. Using a set of prenatal, infant, and adult liver specimens, RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that SULT1A1 (transcript variant 1) expression did not vary appreciably during development; SULT1C2, 1C4, and 1E1 mRNA levels were highest in prenatal and/or infant liver, and 1A2, 1B1, and 2A1 mRNA levels were highest in infant and/or adult. Hepatic SULT1A1 (transcript variant 5), 1C3, and 2B1 mRNA levels were low regardless of developmental stage. Results obtained with RNA sequencing of a different set of liver specimens (prenatal and pediatric) were generally comparable results to those of the RT-qPCR analysis, with the additional finding that SULT1A3 expression was highest during gestation. Analysis of SULT protein content in a library of human liver cytosols demonstrated that protein levels generally corresponded to the mRNAs, with the major exception that SULT1C4 protein levels were much lower than expected based on mRNA levels. These findings further support the concept that hepatic SULTs play important metabolic roles throughout the human life course, including early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dubaisi
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
| | - Roger Gaedigk
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
| | - Carrie A Vyhlidal
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
| | - Philip C Smith
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
| | - Ronald N Hines
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
| | - Thomas A Kocarek
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
| | - Melissa Runge-Morris
- Department of Pharmacology (S.D.) and Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (J.A.C., T.A.K., M.R.-M.), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.G., C.A.V.); Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (P.C.S.); and Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (R.N.H.)
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12
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Kovacevic L, Caruso JA, Lu H, Kovacevic N, Lakshmanan Y, Carruthers NJ, Goldfarb DS. Urine proteomic profiling in patients with nephrolithiasis and cystinuria. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 51:593-599. [PMID: 30519981 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-2044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to assess the differences in the concentration and function of urinary proteins between patients with cystine stones (CYS) and healthy controls (HC). We postulated that CYS and HC groups would demonstrate different proteomic profiles. METHODS A pilot study was performed comparing urinary proteomes of 10 patients with CYS and 10 age- and gender-matched HC, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Proteins which met the selection criteria (i) ≥ 2 unique peptide identifications; (ii) ≥ twofold difference in protein abundance; and (iii) ≤ 0.05 p value for the Fisher's Exact Test were analyzed using Gene Ontology classifications. RESULTS Of the 2097 proteins identified by proteomic analysis, 398 proteins were significantly different between CYS and HC. Of those, 191 were involved in transport processes and 61 in inflammatory responses. The majority were vesicle-mediated transport proteins (78.5%), and 1/3 of them were down-regulated; of those, 12 proteins were involved in endosomal transport (including 6 charged multivesicular body proteins (CHMP) and 3 vacuolar sorting-associated proteins) and 9 in transmembrane transport. Myosin-2 and two actin-related proteins were significantly up-regulated in the vesicle-mediated transport group. CONCLUSION We provide proteomic evidence of impaired endocytosis, dysregulation of actin and myosin cytoskeleton, and inflammation in CYS. Endosomal transport proteins were down-regulated mainly through defective CHMP. These findings may contribute to further understanding of the pathogenesis of CYS, potentially affecting its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Kovacevic
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Natalija Kovacevic
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henri Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yegappan Lakshmanan
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David S Goldfarb
- Nephrology Division, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Caruso JA, Duong MT, Carey JPW, Hunt KK, Keyomarsi K. Low-Molecular-Weight Cyclin E in Human Cancer: Cellular Consequences and Opportunities for Targeted Therapies. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5481-5491. [PMID: 30194068 PMCID: PMC6168358 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin E, a regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), is central to the initiation of DNA replication at the G1/S checkpoint. Tight temporal control of cyclin E is essential to the coordination of cell-cycle processes and the maintenance of genome integrity. Overexpression of cyclin E in human tumors was first observed in the 1990s and led to the identification of oncogenic roles for deregulated cyclin E in experimental models. A decade later, low-molecular-weight cyclin E (LMW-E) isoforms were observed in aggressive tumor subtypes. Compared with full-length cyclin E, LMW-E hyperactivates CDK2 through increased complex stability and resistance to the endogenous inhibitors p21CIP1 and p27KIP1 LMW-E is predominantly generated by neutrophil elastase-mediated proteolytic cleavage, which eliminates the N-terminal cyclin E nuclear localization signal and promotes cyclin E's accumulation in the cytoplasm. Compared with full-length cyclin E, the aberrant localization and unique stereochemistry of LMW-E dramatically alters the substrate specificity and selectivity of CDK2, increasing tumorigenicity in experimental models. Cytoplasmic LMW-E, which can be assessed by IHC, is prognostic of poor survival and predicts resistance to standard therapies in patients with cancer. These patients may benefit from therapeutic modalities targeting the altered biochemistry of LMW-E or its associated vulnerabilities. Cancer Res; 78(19); 5481-91. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | | | - Jason P W Carey
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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14
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Caruso JA, Carruthers NJ, Thibodeau B, Geddes TJ, Dombkowski AA, Stemmer PM. Global Signaling Profiling in a Human Model of Tumorigenic Progression Indicates a Role for Alternative RNA Splicing in Cellular Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102847. [PMID: 30241319 PMCID: PMC6213538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling is controlled to a large extent by the phosphorylation status of proteins. To determine how human breast cells can be reprogrammed during tumorigenic progression, we profiled cell lines in the MCF10A lineage by phosphoproteomic analyses. A large cluster of proteins involved in RNA splicing were hypophosphorylated as cells progressed to a hyperplastic state, and then hyperphosphorylated after progression to a fully metastatic phenotype. A comprehensive transcriptomic approach was used to determine whether alterations in splicing factor phosphorylation status would be reflected in changes in mRNA splicing. Results indicated that the degree of mRNA splicing trended with the degree of tumorigenicity of the 4 cell lines tested. That is, highly metastatic cell cultures had the greatest number of genes with splice variants, and these genes had greater fluctuations in expression intensities. Genes with high splicing indices were mapped against gene ontology terms to determine whether they have known roles in cancer. This group showed highly significant associations for angiogenesis, cytokine-mediated signaling, cell migration, programmed cell death and epithelial cell differentiation. In summary, data from global profiling of a human model of breast cancer development suggest that therapeutics should be developed which target signaling pathways that regulate RNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Bryan Thibodeau
- Beaumont BioBank and Molecular Core Laboratory, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA.
| | - Timothy J Geddes
- Beaumont BioBank and Molecular Core Laboratory, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA.
| | - Alan A Dombkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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15
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Abstract
Petroleum coke (PC) is a coal-like product that is produced during the refinement of crude oil and bituminous sand. Fugitive dust from open storage of PC in urban areas is a potential human health concern. Animal inhalation studies suggest that PC leads to an adverse pulmonary histopathology, including areas of fibrosis and chronic inflammation; however, little is known about its impact on human health. In order to identify biomarkers and cellular pathways that are associated with exposure, we performed two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analyses on secreted proteins from two human lung culture models. A total of 2795 proteins were identified and relatively quantified from an immortalized cell line and 2406 proteins from primary cultures that were either mock treated or exposed to particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5-10 μm PC or filtered urban air particulates for 16 h. Pathway analysis on secretomes from primary lung cultures indicated that PC exposure suppressed the secretion of proteins involved in the organization of the extracellular matrix and epithelial differentiation. Because these cellular processes could facilitate fibrosis, we performed chronic 12-day exposure studies on three-dimensional human lung cultures consisting of epithelia and stromal fibroblasts. Relative to mock-treated cells, matrix metallopeptidase 9 levels in the conditioned media were lower by 4 days postexposure and remained suppressed for the duration of the experiment. Immunocytochemical staining of collagen III, a marker associated with fibrosis, showed increased accumulation in the epithelial layer and at the air-liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Caruso
- 1 Proteomics Core Facility, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - P M Stemmer
- 2 Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Subramanian Vignesh K, Landero Figueroa JA, Porollo A, Divanovic S, Caruso JA, Deepe GS. IL-4 Induces Metallothionein 3- and SLC30A4-Dependent Increase in Intracellular Zn(2+) that Promotes Pathogen Persistence in Macrophages. Cell Rep 2018; 16:3232-3246. [PMID: 27653687 PMCID: PMC5603080 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative activation of macrophages promotes wound healing but weakens antimicrobial defenses against intracellular pathogens. The mechanisms that suppress macrophage function to create a favorable environment for pathogen growth remain elusive. We show that interleukin (IL)-4 triggers a metallothionein 3 (MT3)- and Zn exporter SLC30A4- dependent increase in the labile Zn2+ stores in macrophages and that intracellular pathogens can exploit this increase in Zn to survive. IL-4 regulates this pathway by shuttling extracellular Zn into macrophages and by activating cathepsins that act on MT3 to release bound Zn. We show that IL-4 can modulate Zn homeostasis in both human monocytes and mice. In vivo, MT3 can repress macrophage function in an M2-polarizing environment to promote pathogen persistence. Thus, MT3 and SLC30A4 dictate the size of the labile Zn2+ pool and promote the survival of a prototypical intracellular pathogen in M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio A Landero Figueroa
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Aleksey Porollo
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - George S Deepe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Veterans Affairs Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
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Carruthers NJ, Rosenspire AJ, Caruso JA, Stemmer PM. Low level Hg 2+ exposure modulates the B-cell cytoskeletal phosphoproteome. J Proteomics 2017; 173:107-114. [PMID: 29199152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of Wehi-231 B-cells to Hg2+ for 5min resulted in concentration dependent changes in protein phosphorylations. Phosphorylation was quantified using mass spectrometry to analyze TiO2 and anti-pTyr antibody selected phosphopeptides from Wehi-231 digests. The most frequent and largest amplitude responses to Hg2+ exposure were increased phosphorylation although a decrease was observed for 1% of phosphoproteins detected in the untreated cells. A subset of proteins responded with an increase in phosphorylation to Hg2+ exposure at low micromolar concentrations. The majority of proteins required Hg2+ over 20μM in order to increase phosphorylation. Ser/Thr phosphorylations are prominent in the cytoskeletal organization and the GTPase signaling systems and these systems are notable as the primary ones responding to the lowest concentrations of Hg2+. Systems that required higher concentrations of Hg2+ to increase phosphorylation included immune receptor signaling. The proteins for which an increase in phosphorylation occurred at Hg2+ above 20μM have a higher proportion of pTyr sites. Anti Ig stimulation of Wehi-231 cells confirmed that cytoskeletal protein phosphorylation and GTPase signaling are modulated in physiologically relevant B-cell receptor activation. Candidate kinases that respond to Hg2+ exposure at the low μM concentrations include MAP Kinase 1, CaM Kinase II delta and PAK2. SIGNIFICANCE Mercury (Hg) is a wide spread environmental toxicant. Epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest that exposure to environmental Hg at current levels, which have been perceived to be non-toxic, may contribute to immune system dysfunction and autoimmune disease in humans and animals respectively. While we have previously shown that exposure of B lymphocytes to low levels of mercury interferes with B-cell receptor signaling mediated by post transcriptional phosphorylation events, overall the mechanism that is responsible for increased autoimmunity in mercury exposed human or animal populations is not well understood. The current study evaluated the dose dependent actions of mercury to change phosphorylation in the Wehi-231 cell line, an immature B-cell model in which actions of mercury on development of cell function can be evaluated. The study identified the cytoskeletal proteins as the most sensitive to modulation by mercury with changes in Ser/Thr phosphorylation being observed at the lowest concentrations of mercury. These findings indicate that the actions of mercury on B-cell immune function and development are at least in part likely mediated through changes in cytoskeletal protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Allen J Rosenspire
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Caruso JA, Carruthers N, Shin N, Gill R, Stemmer PM, Rosenspire A. Mercury alters endogenous phosphorylation profiles of SYK in murine B cells. BMC Immunol 2017; 18:37. [PMID: 28716125 PMCID: PMC5514489 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-017-0221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence and animal models suggest that exposure to low and non-neurotoxic concentrations of mercury may contribute to idiosyncratic autoimmune disease. Since defects in function and signaling in B cells are often associated with autoimmunity, we investigated whether mercury exposure might alter B cell responsiveness to self-antigens by interfering with B cell receptor (BCR) signal transduction. In this study we determined the effects of mercury on the protein tyrosine kinase SYK, a critical protein involved in regulation of the BCR signaling pathway. METHODS Phosphorylation sites of murine SYK were mapped before and after treatment of WEHI cell cultures with mercury, or with anti-IgM antibody (positive control) or pervanadate (a potent phosphatase inhibitor). Phosphopeptides were enriched by either titanium dioxide chromatography or anti-phosphotyrosine immunoaffinity, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Select SYK phosphosite cluster regions were profiled for responsiveness to treatments using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) methodology. RESULTS A total of 23 phosphosites were identified with high probability in endogenous SYK, including 19 tyrosine and 4 serine residues. For 10 of these sites phosphorylation levels were increased following BCR activation. Using MRM to profile changes in phosphorylation status we found that 4 cluster regions, encompassing 8 phosphosites, were activated by mercury and differentially responsive to all 3 treatments. Phosphorylation of tyrosine-342 and -346 residues were most sensitive to mercury exposure. This cluster is known to propagate normal BCR signal transduction by recruiting adaptor proteins such as PLC-γ and Vav-1 to SYK during formation of the BCR signalosome. CONCLUSIONS Our data shows that mercury alters the phosphorylation status of SYK on tyrosine sites known to have a role in promoting BCR signals. Considering the importance of SYK in the BCR signaling pathway, these data suggest that mercury can alter BCR signaling in B cells, which might affect B cell responsiveness to self-antigen and have implications with respect to autoimmunity and autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Nicholas Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Namhee Shin
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Randal Gill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Allen Rosenspire
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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Kovacevic L, Lu H, Caruso JA, Govil-Dalela T, Thomas R, Lakshmanan Y. Marked increase in urinary excretion of apolipoproteins in children with nephrolithiasis associated with hypercalciuria. Pediatr Nephrol 2017; 32:1029-1033. [PMID: 28188435 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a proteomic approach, we aimed to identify and compare the urinary excretion of proteins involved in lipid transport and metabolism in children with kidney stones and hypercalciuria (CAL), hypocitraturia (CIT), and normal metabolic work-up (NM), and in healthy controls (HCs). Additionally, we aimed to confirm these results using ELISA, and to examine the relationship between the urinary excretion of selected proteins with demographic, dietary, blood, and urinary parameters. METHODS Prospective, controlled, pilot study of pooled urine from CAL, CIT, and NM versus age- and gender-matched HCs, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Relative protein abundance was estimated using spectral counting. Results were confirmed by ELISA performed on individual samples. RESULTS Of the 1,813 proteins identified, 230 met the above criteria. Of those, 5 proteins (apolipoprotein A-II [APOA2]; apolipoprotein A-IV [APOA4]; apolipoprotein C-III [APOA3]; fatty acid-binding protein, liver [FABPL]; fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte [FABP4]) involved in lipid metabolism and transport were found in the CAL group, with significant differences compared with HCs. ELISA analysis indicated statistically significant differences in the urinary excretion of APOC3, APOA4, and FABPL in the CAL group compared with HCs. Twenty-four-hour urinary calcium excretion correlated significantly with concentrations of ApoC3 (r = 0.77, p < 0.001), and FABPL (r = 0.80, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS We provide proteomic data showing increased urinary excretion of lipid metabolism/transport-related proteins in children with kidney stones and hypercalciuria. These findings suggest that abnormalities in lipid metabolism might play a role in kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Kovacevic
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tuhina Govil-Dalela
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ronald Thomas
- Department of Statistics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yegappan Lakshmanan
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
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George MM, Subramanian Vignesh K, Landero Figueroa JA, Caruso JA, Deepe GS. Zinc Induces Dendritic Cell Tolerogenic Phenotype and Skews Regulatory T Cell-Th17 Balance. J Immunol 2016; 197:1864-76. [PMID: 27465530 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential metal for development and maintenance of both the innate and adaptive compartments of the immune system. Zn homeostasis impacts maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) that are important in shaping T cell responses. The mechanisms by which Zn regulates the tolerogenic phenotype of DCs remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of Zn on DC phenotype and the generation of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) using a model of Histoplasma capsulatum fungal infection. Exposure of bone marrow-derived DCs to Zn in vitro induced a tolerogenic phenotype by diminishing surface MHC class II (MHCII) and promoting the tolerogenic markers, programmed death-ligand (PD-L)1, PD-L2, and the tryptophan degrading enzyme, IDO. Zn triggered tryptophan degradation by IDO and kynurenine production by DCs and strongly suppressed the proinflammatory response to stimulation by TLR ligands. In vivo, Zn supplementation and subsequent H. capsulatum infection supressed MHCII on DCs, enhanced PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression on MHCII(lo) DCs, and skewed the Treg-Th17 balance in favor of Foxp3(+) Tregs while decreasing Th17 cells. Thus, Zn shapes the tolerogenic potential of DCs in vitro and in vivo and promotes Tregs during fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Mathew George
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | | | - Julio A Landero Figueroa
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221; and
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221; and
| | - George S Deepe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267; Veterans Affairs Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45220
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21
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Dade J, DuBois JC, Pasula R, Donnell AM, Caruso JA, Smulian AG, Deepe GS. HcZrt2, a zinc responsive gene, is indispensable for the survival of Histoplasma capsulatum in vivo. Med Mycol 2016; 54:865-75. [PMID: 27335059 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myw045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc) exists in the soil and is capable of adapting to the shift in environment during infection to ensure survival. Yeast encounter a restrictive host environment low in nutrients such as zinc. In this study we functionally analyzed a putative zinc regulated transporter, HcZrt2, in zinc limiting conditions by complementation of HcZrt2 and gene knockdown through RNA interference (RNAi). Complementation analysis demonstrated HcZrt2's ability to functionally replace the characterized Saccharomyces cerevisiae zinc plasma membrane transporters Zrt1 and Zrt2 in zinc deficient medium. Gene silencing revealed that HcZrt2 is essential for growth in zinc deficient medium and plays a role in zinc accumulation. Fungal burden was reduced in mice infected with HcZrt2 silenced strains compared to a control strain. Sixty-seven percent of mice infected with a lethal dose of HcZrt2-RNAi#1 survived, and 100% of mice infected with HcZrt2-RNAi#2 withstood lethal infection. Our data suggest that HcZrt2 is a vital part of zinc homeostasis and essential for the pathogenesis of histoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Dade
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology
| | - Juwen C DuBois
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
| | - Rajamouli Pasula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
| | - Anna M Donnell
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH 45267
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH 45267
| | - A George Smulian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati Ohio
| | - George S Deepe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati Ohio
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22
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Carruthers NJ, Parker GC, Gratsch T, Caruso JA, Stemmer PM. Protein Mobility Shifts Contribute to Gel Electrophoresis Liquid Chromatography Analysis. J Biomol Tech 2016; 26:103-12. [PMID: 26229520 DOI: 10.7171/jbt.15-2603-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Profiling of cellular and subcellular proteomes by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (MS) after fractionation by SDS-PAGE is referred to as GeLC (gel electrophoresis liquid chromatography)-MS. The GeLC approach decreases complexity within individual MS analyses by size fractionation with SDS-PAGE. SDS-PAGE is considered an excellent fractionation technique for intact proteins because of good resolution for proteins of all sizes, isoelectric points, and hydrophobicities. Additional information derived from the mobility of the intact proteins is available after an SDS-PAGE fractionation, but that information is usually not incorporated into the proteomic analysis. Any chemical or proteolytic modification of a protein that changes the mobility of that protein in the gel can be detected. The ability of SDS-PAGE to resolve proteins with chemical modifications has not been widely utilized within profiling experiments. In this work, we examined the ability of the GeLC-MS approach to help identify proteins that were modified after a small hairpin RNA-dependent knockdown in an experiment using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture-based quantitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Carruthers
- 1 Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and 2 Carman and Ann Adam Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Graham C Parker
- 1 Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and 2 Carman and Ann Adam Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Theresa Gratsch
- 1 Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and 2 Carman and Ann Adam Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- 1 Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and 2 Carman and Ann Adam Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- 1 Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and 2 Carman and Ann Adam Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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Parker GC, Carruthers NJ, Gratsch T, Caruso JA, Stemmer PM. Proteomic profile of embryonic stem cells with low survival motor neuron protein is consistent with developmental dysfunction. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 124:13-23. [PMID: 27145767 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy is an autosomal recessive motor neuron disease caused by a genetic defect carried by as many as one in 75 people. Unlike most neurological disorders, we know exactly what the genetic basis is of the disorder, but in spite of this, have little understanding of why the low levels of one protein, survival motor neuron protein, results in the specific progressive die back of only one cell type in the body, the motor neuron. Given the fact that all cells in the body of a patient with spinal muscular atrophy share the same low abundance of the protein throughout development, an appropriate approach is to ask how lower levels of survival motor neuron protein affects the proteome of embryonic stem cells prior to development. Convergent biostatistical analyses of a discovery proteomic analysis of these cells provide results that are consistent with the pathomechanistic fate of the developed motor neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham C Parker
- Carman and Ann Adam Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA.
- iBio, 6135 Woodward Ave., Suite 2128 CURES H208, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Theresa Gratsch
- Carman and Ann Adam Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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24
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Holloway D, Campo P, Nahan K, Donnell A, Landero JA, Caruso JA, Vonderheide AP. Investigation of the Elemental Profile of Petroleum Jelly-Based Personal Care Products by ICP-MS. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1153647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Kovacevic L, Lu H, Caruso JA, Lakshmanan Y. Renal Tubular Dysfunction in Pediatric Urolithiasis: Proteomic Evidence. Urology 2016; 92:100-5. [PMID: 26892647 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether inflammation, oxidation, and tubular injury are present in children with stones (RS) compared with healthy controls (HC) by measuring urinary proteins involved in these processes. METHODS Quantitative proteomic comparison of pooled urine from RS (N = 30, 24 females, mean age 12.95 ± 4.03 years) versus age- and gender-matched HC (N = 30), using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Relative protein abundance was estimated using spectral counting. Proteins of interest were selected using the following criteria: (1) ≥5 spectral counts; (2) ≥2-fold difference in spectral counts; and (3) P-value ≤.05 for Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Of the 1813 proteins identified, 230 met the above criteria, with 163 proteins upregulated in the RS group and 67 upregulated in HC. Functional analysis revealed 19 inflammatory proteins, 5 proteins involved in oxidative stress, and 5 involved in tubular injury. Of those proteins, NADPH-oxidase, a major source of reactive oxygen species, was only found in the RS group, whereas glutathione S-transferase A2, an important antioxidant enzyme, was more abundant in controls. ELISA analysis confirmed statistically significant differences in the urinary excretion of retinol-binding protein 4, a marker of proximal tubular dysfunction, between stone patients with hypercalciuria and controls. CONCLUSION We provide proteomic evidence of oxidative stress, inflammation, and tubular injury in children with renal stones. We speculate that inflammation and changes in the oxidant-antioxidant balance may cause tubular damage in these patients. Targeting these proteins may have therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Kovacevic
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI.
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Yegappan Lakshmanan
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI
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26
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Hanks NA, Caruso JA, Zhang P. Assessing Pistia stratiotes for phytoremediation of silver nanoparticles and Ag(I) contaminated waters. J Environ Manage 2015; 164:41-45. [PMID: 26342265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To study the phytoremediation capabilities of Pistia stratiotes in silver nanoparticle (AgNP) and silver ion contaminated wastewaters, individual plants were grown in media spiked with different concentrations of silver nanoparticle and silver ions (0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg L(-1)). Control experiments were carried out at the same time for comparison purposes. Visual changes in the plants were also recorded periodically during each experiment. Total silver concentrations were monitored in the media before, during, and at the termination of the experiments. In addition, analysis of total silver in plant root and leaf samples after termination were carried out to determine the effect of the different media concentrations. The results showed that P. stratiotes can survive in AgNP and ions under 0.02 mg L(-1) and contaminants are retained within the plant. The use of P. stratiotes as a phytoremediator shows potential in removing heavy metal nanoparticles and is competitive in its removal of the ion counterpart. Even higher concentrations of silver, regardless of form, can be reduced to lower levels than the World Health Organization's maximum contamination limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Hanks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 507A Rieveschl Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0172, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 507A Rieveschl Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0172, USA.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 507A Rieveschl Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0172, USA
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27
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Caruso JA, Karakas C, Zhang J, Yi M, Albarracin C, Sahin A, Bondy M, Liu J, Hunt KK, Keyomarsi K. Elafin is downregulated during breast and ovarian tumorigenesis but its residual expression predicts recurrence. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 16:3417. [PMID: 25551582 PMCID: PMC4326485 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elafin is an endogenous serine protease inhibitor. The majority of breast cancer cell lines lack elafin expression compared to human mammary epithelial cells. In this study, we hypothesized that elafin is downregulated during breast and ovarian tumorigenesis. METHODS We examined elafin expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in specimens of normal breast tissue (n = 24), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n = 54), and invasive breast cancer (n = 793). IHC analysis of elafin expression was also performed in normal fallopian tube tissue (n = 20), ovarian cystadenomas (n = 9), borderline ovarian tumors (n = 21), and invasive ovarian carcinomas (n = 216). To understand the significance of elafin in luminal breast cancer cell lines, wild-type or M25G elafin (lacking the protease inhibitory function) were exogenously expressed in MCF-7 and T47D cells. RESULTS Elafin expression was downregulated in 24% of DCIS and 83% of invasive breast tumors when compared to elafin expression in the normal mammary epithelium. However, the presence of elafin-positive cells in invasive breast tumors, even at low frequency, correlated with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS), reduced overall survival (OS), and clinicopathological markers of aggressive tumor behavior. Elafin-positive cells were an especially strong and independent prognostic marker of reduced RFS in IHC-defined luminal A-like tumors. Elafin was also downregulated in 33% of ovarian cystadenomas, 43% of borderline ovarian tumors, and 86% of invasive ovarian carcinomas when compared to elafin expression in the normal fallopian tube. In ovarian tumors, elafin-positive cells were correlated with reduced RFS, OS and disease-specific survival (DSS) only in stage I/II patients and not in stage III/IV patients. Notably, exogenous expression of elafin or elafin M25G in the luminal breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and T47D significantly decreased cell proliferation in a protease inhibitory domain-independent manner. CONCLUSIONS Elafin predicts poor outcome in breast and ovarian cancer patients and delineates a subset of endocrine receptor-positive breast cancer patients susceptible to recurrence who could benefit from more aggressive intervention. Our in vitro results suggest that elafin arrests luminal breast cancer cells, perhaps suggesting a role in tumor dormancy.
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Sanders MA, Madoux F, Mladenovic L, Zhang H, Ye X, Angrish M, Mottillo EP, Caruso JA, Halvorsen G, Roush WR, Chase P, Hodder P, Granneman JG. Endogenous and Synthetic ABHD5 Ligands Regulate ABHD5-Perilipin Interactions and Lipolysis in Fat and Muscle. Cell Metab 2015; 22:851-60. [PMID: 26411340 PMCID: PMC4862007 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fat and muscle lipolysis involves functional interactions of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), α-β hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5), and tissue-specific perilipins 1 and 5 (PLIN1 and PLIN5). ABHD5 potently activates ATGL, but this lipase-promoting activity is suppressed when ABHD5 is bound to PLIN proteins on lipid droplets. In adipocytes, protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation of PLIN1 rapidly releases ABHD5 to activate ATGL, but mechanisms for rapid regulation of PLIN5-ABHD5 interaction in muscle are unknown. Here, we identify synthetic ligands that release ABHD5 from PLIN1 or PLIN5 without PKA activation and rapidly activate adipocyte and muscle lipolysis. Molecular imaging and affinity probe labeling demonstrated that ABHD5 is directly targeted by these synthetic ligands and additionally revealed that ABHD5-PLIN interactions are regulated by endogenous ligands, including long-chain acyl-CoA. Our results reveal a new locus of lipolysis control and suggest ABHD5 ligands might be developed into novel therapeutics that directly promote fat catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Sanders
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Franck Madoux
- Lead Identification Division, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Ljiljana Mladenovic
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Huamei Zhang
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Xiangqun Ye
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Michelle Angrish
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Emilio P Mottillo
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Geoff Halvorsen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - William R Roush
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Peter Chase
- Lead Identification Division, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Peter Hodder
- Lead Identification Division, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - James G Granneman
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; John Dingell Veterans Administration Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Caruso JA, Campana R, Wei C, Su CH, Hanks AM, Bornmann WG, Keyomarsi K. Indole-3-carbinol and its N-alkoxy derivatives preferentially target ERα-positive breast cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:2587-99. [PMID: 25486199 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2015.942210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a natural anti-carcinogenic compound found at high concentrations in Brassica vegetables. I3C was recently reported to inhibit neutrophil elastase (NE) activity, while consequently limiting the proteolytic processing of full length cyclin E into pro-tumorigenic low molecular weight cyclin E (LMW-E). In this study, we hypothesized that inhibition of NE activity and resultant LMW-E generation is critical to the anti-tumor effects of I3C. LMW-E was predominately expressed by ERα-negative breast cancer cell lines. However, ERα-positive cell lines demonstrated the greatest sensitivity to the anti-tumor effects of I3C and its more potent N-alkoxy derivatives. We found that I3C was incapable of inhibiting NE activity or the generation of LMW-E. Therefore, this pathway did not contribute to the anti-tumor activity of I3C. Gene expression analyzes identified ligand-activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which mediated sensitivity to the anti-tumor effects of I3C in ERα-positive MCF-7 cells. In this model system, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced upregulation of ATF-3 and pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins (e.g. NOXA) contributed to the sensitivity of ERα-positive breast cancer cells to the anti-tumor effects of I3C. Overexpression of ERα in MDA-MB-231 cells, which normally lack ERα expression, increased sensitivity to the anti-tumor effects of I3C, demonstrating a direct role for ERα in mediating the sensitivity of breast cancer cell lines to I3C. Our results suggest that ERα signaling amplified the pro-apoptotic effect of I3C-induced AhR signaling in luminal breast cancer cell lines, which was mediated in part through oxidative stress induced upregulation of ATF-3 and downstream BH3-only proteins.
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Key Words
- AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor
- CYP, cytochrome p450 oxidases
- DIM, 3,3-diindoylmethane
- ERα, estrogen receptor α
- HMECs, human mammary epithelial cells
- I3C, indole-3-carbinol
- LMW-E, low molecular weight cyclin E
- NE, neutrophil elastase
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RPPA, reverse phase protein array
- TNBC, triple-receptor negative breast cancer
- aryl hydrocarbon receptor
- estrogen receptor α
- indole-3-carbinol
- neutrophil elastase
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- a Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology ; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center ; Houston , TX USA
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Kovacevic L, Lu H, Goldfarb DS, Lakshmanan Y, Caruso JA. Urine proteomic analysis in cystinuric children with renal stones. J Pediatr Urol 2015; 11:217.e1-6. [PMID: 26076823 PMCID: PMC4540695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The gene mutations responsible for cystinuria do not fully explain kidney stone activity, suggesting that specific proteins may serve as promoters of cystine precipitation, aggregation or epithelial adherence. In this study we assessed (1) the differences in the urinary proteins between children with cystinuria and kidney stones (CYS) and healthy controls (HC), with particular attention to the fibrosis-related proteins, and (2) the presence of diagnostic biomarkers for CYS. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a pilot study comparing individual urinary proteomes of 2 newly diagnosed children with CYS and 2 age- and gender-matched HC, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Relative protein abundance was estimated using spectral counting. Proteins of interest in both CYS and HC were selected using the following criteria: i) ≥5 spectral counts; ii) ≥2-fold difference in spectral counts; and iii) ≤0.05 p-value for the Fisher's Exact Test. DISCUSSION This study demonstrates a different urinary polypeptide profile in two children with CYS compared to two HC. Of the 623 proteins identified by proteomic analysis, 180 exhibited at least a 2-fold increased relative abundance in CYS compared to HC. Of these, 39 were involved in response to stress, 26 in response to wounding, 21 in inflammatory response, 18 in immune response, and 4 in cellular response to oxidative stress. 133 proteins were found only in children with CYS, 33 of which met the selection criteria. Of these 33 unique proteins, six are known to be associated with fibrosis pathways (Table). The major limitation of this study is the small number of samples that were analyzed. Validation using highly specific methods such as ELISA is needed. CONCLUSION We provide proteomic evidence of oxidative injury, inflammation, wound healing and fibrosis in two children with CYS. We speculate that oxidative stress and inflammation may cause remodeling via actin and vimentin pathways, leading to fibrosis. Additionally, we identified ITIH and MMP-9 as potential diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets in CYS. These proteins merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Kovacevic
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David S Goldfarb
- Nephrology Division, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yegappan Lakshmanan
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Proteomic Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Caruso JA, Karakas C, Zhang J, Yi M, Albarracin C, Sahin A, Bondy M, Liu J, Hunt KK, Keyomarsi K. Erratum to: Elafin is downregulated during breast and ovarian tumorigenesis but its residual expression predicts recurrence. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:87. [PMID: 26108797 PMCID: PMC4480452 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA. .,Department of Pathology, UC San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0511, USA.
| | - Cansu Karakas
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Min Yi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Constance Albarracin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Aysegul Sahin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Melissa Bondy
- Baylor College of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.
| | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA. .,Department of Experimental Oncology, UT, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 066, Houston, Texas, 77030-4009, USA.
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Kovacevic L, Lu H, Caruso JA, Lakshmanan Y. MP40-15 RENAL TUBULAR INJURY IN PEDIATRIC NEPHROLITHIASIS: PROTEOMIC EVIDENCE. J Urol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gong J, Solivio MJ, Merino EJ, Caruso JA, Landero-Figueroa JA. Developing ICP-MS/MS for the detection and determination of synthetic DNA-protein crosslink models via phosphorus and sulfur detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:2433-7. [PMID: 25651903 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Various endogenous and exogenous agents drive the un-directed formation of covalent bonds between proteins and DNA. These complex molecules are of great biological relevance, as can derive in mutations, but are difficult to study because of their heterogeneous chemical properties. New analytical approaches with sufficient detection capabilities to detect and quantify these compounds can help to standardize study models based on synthesized standards. The use of atomic spectrometry can provide quantitative information on the DNA-protein cross-link reaction yield along with basic stoichiometry of the products, based on internal elemental tags, sulfur from Cys and Met amino acids, and phosphorus from the DNA. A new instrumental approach to remove isobaric and polyatomic interferences from (31)P(+) and (32)S(+) was developed recently, with state-of-the-art for interference removal that captures (31)P(+) in Q1; it reacts with O2 in an octopole collision-reaction cell generating (47)PO(+), therefore allowing detection in Q3 without (31)NOH(+)/(48)Ca/(47)Ti interferences. Similarly, (32)S(+) is reacted to (48)SO(+), eliminating the polyatomic interferences at m/z = 32. In conjunction with the high resolving power of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), this newer technology was applied by to the product purification of a DNA-protein cross link model and some preliminary structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Gong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45220-0172, USA
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Ahmadov TO, Joshi P, Zhang J, Nahan K, Caruso JA, Zhang P. Paramagnetic relaxation based biosensor for selective dopamine detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11425-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02732b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a new NMR relaxation time-based method for sensitive and selective dopamine detection using paramagnetic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Padmanabh Joshi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
| | - Jinnan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
| | - Keaton Nahan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
| | | | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
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Kovacevic L, Lu H, Caruso JA, Lakshmanan Y. MP26-16 HYPERCALCIURIC RENAL STONES LINKED TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS: PROTEOMICS-BASED EVIDENCE. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Environmental exposure to mercury is suggested to contribute to human immune dysfunction. To shed light on the mechanism, we identified changes in the phosphoproteomic profile of the WEHI-231 B cell line after intoxication with Hg(2+). These changes were compared to changes in the phosphoproteome that were induced by pervanadate or okadaic acid exposure. Both 250 μM HgCl2 and pervanadate, a known phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, caused an increase in the number of proteins identified after TiO2 affinity selection and LC-MS/MS analysis. Pervanadate treatment had a larger effect than Hg(2+) on the number of Scansite motifs that were tyrosine-phosphorylated, 17, and Ingenuity canonical signaling pathways activated, 4, with score >5.0. However, Hg(2+) had a more focused effect, primarily causing tyrosine-phosphorylation in src homology 2 domains in proteins that are in the B cell receptor signaling pathway. The finding that many of the changes induced by Hg(2+) overlap with those of pervanadate, indicates that at high concentrations Hg(2+) inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Caruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, ‡Department of Pediatrics, and §Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
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Caruso JA, Stemmer PM, Dombkowski A, Caruthers NJ, Gill R, Rosenspire AJ. A systems toxicology approach identifies Lyn as a key signaling phosphoprotein modulated by mercury in a B lymphocyte cell model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 276:47-54. [PMID: 24440445 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Network and protein-protein interaction analyses of proteins undergoing Hg²⁺-induced phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in Hg²⁺-intoxicated mouse WEHI-231 B cells identified Lyn as the most interconnected node. Lyn is a Src family protein tyrosine kinase known to be intimately involved in the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. Under normal signaling conditions the tyrosine kinase activity of Lyn is controlled by phosphorylation, primarily of two well known canonical regulatory tyrosine sites, Y-397 and Y-508. However, Lyn has several tyrosine residues that have not yet been determined to play a major role under normal signaling conditions, but are potentially important sites for phosphorylation following mercury exposure. In order to determine how Hg²⁺ exposure modulates the phosphorylation of additional residues in Lyn, a targeted MS assay was developed. Initial mass spectrometric surveys of purified Lyn identified 7 phosphorylated tyrosine residues. A quantitative assay was developed from these results using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) strategy. WEHI-231 cells were treated with Hg²⁺, pervanadate (a phosphatase inhibitor), or anti-Ig antibody (to stimulate the BCR). Results from these studies showed that the phosphoproteomic profile of Lyn after exposure of the WEHI-231 cells to a low concentration of Hg²⁺ closely resembled that of anti-Ig antibody stimulation, whereas exposure to higher concentrations of Hg²⁺ led to increases in the phosphorylation of Y-193/Y-194, Y-501 and Y-508 residues. These data indicate that mercury can disrupt a key regulatory signal transduction pathway in B cells and point to phospho-Lyn as a potential biomarker for mercury exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alan Dombkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas J Caruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Randall Gill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Allen J Rosenspire
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Subramanian Vignesh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Julio A. Landero Figueroa
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Aleksey Porollo
- Divisions of Rheumatology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joseph A. Caruso
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - George S. Deepe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Subramanian Vignesh K, Landero Figueroa JA, Porollo A, Caruso JA, Deepe GS. Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor induced Zn sequestration enhances macrophage superoxide and limits intracellular pathogen survival. Immunity 2013; 39:697-710. [PMID: 24138881 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages possess numerous mechanisms to combat microbial invasion, including sequestration of essential nutrients, like zinc (Zn). The pleiotropic cytokine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances antimicrobial defenses against intracellular pathogens such as Histoplasma capsulatum, but its mode of action remains elusive. We have found that GM-CSF-activated infected macrophages sequestered labile Zn by inducing binding to metallothioneins (MTs) in a STAT3 and STAT5 transcription-factor-dependent manner. GM-CSF upregulated expression of Zn exporters, Slc30a4 and Slc30a7; the metal was shuttled away from phagosomes and into the Golgi apparatus. This distinctive Zn sequestration strategy elevated phagosomal H⁺ channel function and triggered reactive oxygen species generation by NADPH oxidase. Consequently, H. capsulatum was selectively deprived of Zn, thereby halting replication and fostering fungal clearance. GM-CSF mediated Zn sequestration via MTs in vitro and in vivo in mice and in human macrophages. These findings illuminate a GM-CSF-induced Zn-sequestration network that drives phagocyte antimicrobial effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Subramanian Vignesh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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Chitta KR, Landero-Figueroa JA, Kodali P, Caruso JA, Merino EJ. Identification of selenium-containing proteins in HEK 293 kidney cells using multiple chromatographies, LC–ICPMS and nano-LC–ESIMS. Talanta 2013; 114:25-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Deranieh RM, He Q, Caruso JA, Greenberg ML. Phosphorylation regulates myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase: a novel regulatory mechanism of inositol biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:26822-33. [PMID: 23902760 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.479121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
myo-Inositol-3-phosphate synthase (MIPS) plays a crucial role in inositol homeostasis. Transcription of the coding gene INO1 is highly regulated. However, regulation of the enzyme is not well defined. We previously showed that MIPS is indirectly inhibited by valproate, suggesting that the enzyme is post-translationally regulated. Using (32)Pi labeling and phosphoamino acid analysis, we show that yeast MIPS is a phosphoprotein. Mass spectrometry analysis identified five phosphosites, three of which are conserved in the human MIPS. Analysis of phosphorylation-deficient and phosphomimetic site mutants indicated that the three conserved sites in yeast (Ser-184, Ser-296, and Ser-374) and humans (Ser-177, Ser-279, and Ser-357) affect MIPS activity. Both S296A and S296D yeast mutants and S177A and S177D human mutants exhibited decreased enzymatic activity, suggesting that a serine residue is critical at that location. The phosphomimetic mutations S184D (human S279D) and S374D (human S357D) but not the phosphodeficient mutations decreased activity, suggesting that phosphorylation of these two sites is inhibitory. The double mutation S184A/S374A caused an increase in MIPS activity, conferred a growth advantage, and partially rescued sensitivity to valproate. Our findings identify a novel mechanism of regulation of inositol synthesis by phosphorylation of MIPS.
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Chitta KR, Landero Figueroa JA, Caruso JA, Merino EJ. Selenium mediated arsenic toxicity modifies cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species and phosphorylated proteins. Metallomics 2013; 5:673-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mt20213e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Qin Z, Lai B, Landero J, Caruso JA. Coupling transmission electron microscopy with synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence microscopy to image vascular copper. J Synchrotron Radiat 2012; 19:1043-1049. [PMID: 23093768 DOI: 10.1107/s090904951203405x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, using synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence microscopy (SRXRF), the copper accumulation in rat aortic elastin and copper topography in human THP-1 cell monolayer have been described. However, it is necessary to locate more accurately cellular copper in the vascular cells and tissues. In the current study, SRXRF coupling with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to image copper in sections of human THP-1 cells and mouse aorta. The results showed that sections of 1 µm thickness are required for SRXRF producing a correlative image with TEM between copper topography and cellular ultrastructure. As compared with SRXRF alone, coupling TEM with SRXRF can clearly identify the location of copper in the nucleus and nucleolus in non-dividing THP-1 cell sections, and can differentiate the copper location at elastic laminae from collagen in mouse aortic sections. Thus, these results revealed new information about the copper topography in vascular cells and tissues and highlighted the potential of TEM-SRXRF to investigate the role of copper in macrophage and aortic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Qin
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Kodali P, Chitta KR, Landero Figueroa JA, Caruso JA, Adeoye O. Detection of metals and metalloproteins in the plasma of stroke patients by mass spectrometry methods. Metallomics 2012; 4:1077-87. [PMID: 22983496 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability, worldwide. Metalloproteins and metals play key roles in epigenetic events in living organisms, including hypertension, the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke. Thus, metalloproteins may be important target biomarkers for disease diagnosis. The primary goal of this study was to assess metal containing proteins in blood plasma, detected by ICP-MS, followed by ESIMS for peptide/protein identification. We then compared the relative concentration differences between samples from patients with ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and stroke mimics. In 29 plasma samples (10 stroke mimics, 10 ischemic stroke and 9 hemorrhagic stroke patients) previously collected from patients who presented to the University of Cincinnati Emergency Department within 12 hours of symptom onset for a plasma banking project. For the metal associated protein study, Mg, Mn, Cu, Se concentrations were statistically different when compared between stroke mimics vs. ischemic stroke patients and ischemic stroke patients vs. hemorrhagic stroke patients. Pb concentrations were statistically different when compared between stroke mimics vs. ischemic stroke patients and Mo levels were statistically the same among the three groups. In addition, we also report concentration levels and preliminary correlation studies for total elemental analysis among the three sets of patients. This pilot study demonstrates that mass spectrometry methods may be highly valuable in detecting novel stroke biomarkers in blood plasma. Expanded studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanichand Kodali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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Trenary HR, Creed PA, Young AR, Mantha M, Schwegel CA, Xue J, Kohan MJ, Herbin-Davis K, Thomas DJ, Caruso JA, Creed JT. An in vitro assessment of bioaccessibility of arsenicals in rice and the use of this estimate within a probabilistic exposure model. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2012; 22:369-75. [PMID: 22549721 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2012.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an in vitro synthetic gastrointestinal extraction protocol was used to estimate bioaccessibility of different arsenicals present in 17 rice samples of various grain types that were collected across the United States. The across matrix average for total arsenic was 209 ng/g±153 (\[xmacr]±2σ). The bioaccessibility estimate produced an across matrix average of 61%±19 (\[xmacr]±2σ). The across matrix average concentrations of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were 81 ng/g±67.7 and 41 ng/g±58.1 (\[xmacr]±2σ), respectively. This distribution of iAs concentrations in rice was combined with the distribution of consumption patterns (from WWEIA) in a Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulator model to estimate population-based exposures. The mean consumption rate for the population as a whole was 15.7 g per day resulting in a 0.98 μg iAs per day exposure. The mean consumption rate for children 1-2 years old was 7 g per day resulting in a 0.48 μg iAs per day exposure. Presystemic biotransformation of DMA in rice was examined using an in vitro assay containing the anaerobic microbiota of mouse cecum. This assay indicated that DMA extracted from the rice was converted to dimethylthioarsinic acid, although a second oxygen-sulfur exchange to produce DMDTA was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather R Trenary
- Student Services Contractor at US EPA, ORD, NERL, MCEARD, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
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Catron B, Caruso JA, Limbach PA. Selective detection of peptide-oligonucleotide heteroconjugates utilizing capillary HPLC-ICPMS. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2012; 23:1053-1061. [PMID: 22451333 PMCID: PMC3348256 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A method for the selective detection and quantification of peptide:oligonucleotide heteroconjugates, such as those generated by protein:nucleic acid cross-links, using capillary reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (cap-RPHPLC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection (ICPMS) is described. The selective detection of phosphorus as (31)P(+), the only natural isotope, in peptide-oligonucleotide heteroconjugates is enabled by the elemental detection capabilities of the ICPMS. Mobile phase conditions that allow separation of heteroconjugates while maintaining ICPMS compatibility were investigated. We found that trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) mobile phases, used in conventional peptide separations, and hexafluoroisopropanol/triethylamine (HFIP/TEA) mobile phases, used in conventional oligonucleotide separations, both are compatible with ICPMS and enable heteroconjugate separation. The TFA-based separations yielded limits of detection (LOD) of ~40 ppb phosphorus, which is nearly seven times lower than the LOD for HFIP/TEA-based separations. Using the TFA mobile phase, 1-2 pmol of a model heteroconjugate were routinely separated and detected by this optimized capLC-ICPMS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Catron
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
| | - Joseph A. Caruso
- University of Cincinnati/Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
| | - Patrick A. Limbach
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
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Chan Q, Caruso JA. A metallomics approach discovers selenium-containing proteins in selenium-enriched soybean. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:1311-21. [PMID: 22456899 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study found that high-molecular-weight selenium (Se) species make up 82% of the total Se in the bean of Se-enriched soybean plants (Chan et al. 2010, Metallomics, 2(2): p. 147-153). The Se species have been commonly seen in other plants in addition to soybean, but their identities remain unresolved. The present study employs a multi-technique metallomics approach to characterize the proteins containing Se in the beans of Se-enriched soybean plants. Two main categories of proteins, maturation proteins and protease inhibitors, were found in Se-containing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractions. The proteins were screened by two-dimensional HPLC-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, size-exclusion chromatography, and anion-exchange chromatography, and the Se-containing fractions were then identified by peptide mapping using HPLC-Chip-electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. Based on the belief that Se goes into proteins through non-specific incorporation, a new method was designed and applied for the Se-containing peptide identification. The Se-containing peptide KSDQSSSYDDDEYSKPCCDLCMCTRS, part of the sequence of protein Bowman-Birk proteinase isoinhibitor (Glycine max), was found in one of the Se-containing fractions. The nutritional value of the Se-containing proteins in Se-enriched soybeans will be an interesting topic for the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
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Abstract
Abstract
Deregulated protease activity promotes diverse aspects of tumorigenesis, including tumor growth, invasion, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Elafin is an endogenous inhibitor of the serine protease, Neutrophil Elastase (NE). Imbalance between NE and its inhibitors is implicated in the pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory diseases. We hypothesize that elafin is deregulated during breast cancer progression, resulting in increased NE activity, accelerated tumor progression, and overall poor patient outcome. To test this hypothesis, we examined elafin expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in normal breast tissue from reduction mammoplasty, pre-malignant Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS), and invasive breast carcinoma (n>1000, using Tissue Microarray [TMA]). We observed that elafin is intracellularly (predominate nuclear localization) expressed in normal breast tissue. In the majority (>80%) of DCIS cases, intracellular elafin is expressed in a manner consistent with normal breast tissue. However, in cases of invasive breast cancer, intracellular elafin is largely downregulated (>80% of cases) suggesting elafin loss may have a role in progression to invasive carcinoma. Interestingly, examination of elafin expression in invasive breast cancer also revealed a subset (10-20%) of tumors with robust cytoplasmic overexpression of elafin, correlating with poor outcome. Similar results were seen in TMAs of high-grade ovarian carcinoma (n>200). Examination of publically available microarray data (TCGA) demonstrates that elafin measured at the mRNA level is correlates with poor outcome in ovarian cancer, consistent with our IHC results, and good outcome in breast cancer, incompatible with our IHC results. To further investigate the expression of elafin in breast cancer we examined by IHC a patient cohort (>200 patients) for whom full sections (not TMA) were available. Using these patient samples we found a unique subset of breast cancer patients that demonstrate high-level secretion of elafin into the tumor stroma, significantly correlating with increased survival especially in ER negative patients. Collectively, these data suggest that the prognostic role of extracellular elafin is related to the well-characterized ability of elafin to modulate inflammation and immunity.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2466. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2466
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kelly Hunt
- 1UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr., Houston, TX
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Easter RN, Barry CG, Pyne-Geithman G, Caruso JA. Significant proteins affecting cerebral vasospasm using complementary ICPMS and MALDI-MS. Metallomics 2012; 4:48-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c1mt00079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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