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Joung EJ, Lee MK, Lee M, Gwon M, Shin T, Ryu H, Jeong HH, Kim MJ, Van JY, Kim JI, Choi J, Jung WK, Kim HR, Lee B. Sargachromenol Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells and LPS-treated Mice. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:25-37. [PMID: 37848042 DOI: 10.1055/a-2180-1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of sargachromenol in both RAW 264.7 cells and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, as previous reports have suggested that sargachromenol possesses anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Although the precise mechanism behind its anti-inflammatory activity remains unclear, pretreatment with sargachromenol effectively reduced the production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and interleukin (IL)-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2. Moreover, sargachromenol inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by preventing the degradation of the inhibitor of κB-α (IκB-α) and inhibiting protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated cells. We also found that sargachromenol induced the production of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by activating the nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In LPS-treated mice, oral administration of sargachromenol effectively reduced the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum, suggesting its ability to suppress the production of inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the Akt/NF-κB pathway and upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Joung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsup Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
| | - Misung Gwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Taisun Shin
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyeon Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Hak Jeong
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Van
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Il Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyung Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Rak Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Alnusaire T, Sabouni IL, Khojah H, Qasim S, Al-Sanea MM, Siddique S, Mokhtar FA, Ahmed SR. Integrating Chemical Profiling, In Vivo Study, and Network Pharmacology to Explore the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Pterocarpus dalbergioides Fruits and Its Correlation with the Major Phytoconstituents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32544-32554. [PMID: 37720803 PMCID: PMC10500659 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the anti-inflammatory activity of Pterocarpus dalbergioides fruit extract (PFE) and the underlying mechanism. Chemical profiling using ultraperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry identified 28 compounds in PFE (12 flavonoids, 5 fatty acids, 4 phenolic compounds, 3 alkaloids, 2 sesquiterpenes, and 2 xanthophylls). PFE (2 g/kg) significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced rat paw edema after 4 h of administration (42% inhibition). A network-based strategy and molecular docking studies were utilized to uncover the anti-inflammatory mechanism. Out of the identified compounds, 16 compounds with DL ≥ 0.18 and F ≥ 30% were selected using bioavailability (F) and drug-likeness (DL) metrics. The network analysis revealed that 90 genes are considered key targets for the selected compounds and linked to the anti-inflammatory effect. Among all compounds, linoleic acid was found to be the top-most active constituent as it targets maximum genes. Four targets (TNF, IL6, AKT1, and CCL2) among the top 10 genes were found to be the main target genes that may contribute to the anti-inflammatory potential of PFE. Furthermore, KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathway analysis revealed that PFE might regulate inflammation through five pathways: neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, lipid and atherosclerosis, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, TNF signaling pathway, and rheumatoid arthritis. The docking study predicted the significant binding affinity between the top four active constituents (linoleic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, 11,12,13-trihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, and rhamnetin-3-O-rhamnoside) and the selected target proteins (TNF and AKT1). The findings highlight PFE as a promising drug lead for controlling inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanan Khojah
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumera Qasim
- Pharmacology
Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Siddique
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Alzahraa Mokhtar
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El
Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida, Sharkia 44813, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa R. Ahmed
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, Kasr el-Aini
street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Syringaresinol Alleviates Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathic Pain Symptoms by Inhibiting the Inflammatory Responses of Spinal Microglia. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238138. [PMID: 36500231 PMCID: PMC9736412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a serious side effect that impairs the quality of life of patients treated with the chemotherapeutic agent, oxaliplatin. The underlying pathophysiology of OIPN remains unclear, and there are no effective therapeutics. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between spinal microglial activation and OIPN and explore the analgesic effects of syringaresinol, a phytochemical from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia, on OIPN symptoms. The causality between microglial activation and OIPN was investigated by assessing cold and mechanical allodynia in mice after intrathecal injection of the serum supernatant from a BV-2 microglial cell line treated with oxaliplatin. The microglial inflammatory response was measured based on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), and phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) expression in the spinal dorsal horn. The effects of syringaresinol were tested using behavioral and immunohistochemical assays. We found that oxaliplatin treatment activated the microglia to increase inflammatory responses, leading to the induction of pain. Syringaresinol treatment significantly ameliorated oxaliplatin-induced pain and suppressed microglial expression of inflammatory signaling molecules. Thus, we concluded that the analgesic effects of syringaresinol on OIPN were achieved via the modulation of spinal microglial inflammatory responses.
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Arteannuin-B and (3-Chlorophenyl)-2-Spiroisoxazoline Derivative Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory Effects in LPS-Activated RAW 264.7 Macrophages and BALB/c Mice-Induced Proinflammatory Responses via Downregulation of NF-κB/P38 MAPK Signaling. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27228068. [PMID: 36432169 PMCID: PMC9699497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Host inflammatory responses are key to protection against injury; however, persistent inflammation is detrimental and contributes to morbidity and mortality. Herein, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory role of Arteannuin-B (1) and its new spirocyclic-2-isoxazoline derivative JR-9 and their side effects in acute inflammatory condition in vivo using LPS-induced cytokines assay, carrageenan-induced paw edema, acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion. The results show that the spirocyclic-2-isoxazoline derivative is a potent anti-inflammatory agent with minimal cell toxicity as compared to Arteannuin-B. In addition, the efficacies of these compounds were also validated by flow cytometric, computational, and histopathological analysis. Our results show that the anti-inflammatory response of JR-9 significantly reduces the ability of mouse macrophages to produce NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 following LPS stimulation. Therefore, JR-9 is a prospective candidate for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs and its molecular mechanism is likely related to the regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway.
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Wdowiak K, Walkowiak J, Pietrzak R, Bazan-Woźniak A, Cielecka-Piontek J. Bioavailability of Hesperidin and Its Aglycone Hesperetin—Compounds Found in Citrus Fruits as a Parameter Conditioning the Pro-Health Potential (Neuroprotective and Antidiabetic Activity)—Mini-Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132647. [PMID: 35807828 PMCID: PMC9268531 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin and hesperetin are polyphenols that can be found predominantly in citrus fruits. They possess a variety of pharmacological properties such as neuroprotective and antidiabetic activity. However, the bioavailability of these compounds is limited due to low solubility and restricts their use as pro-healthy agents. This paper described the limitations resulting from the low bioavailability of the presented compounds and gathered the methods aiming at its improvement. Moreover, this work reviewed studies providing pieces of evidence for neuroprotective and antidiabetic properties of hesperidin and hesperetin as well as providing a detailed look into the significance of reported modes of action in chronic diseases. On account of a well-documented pro-healthy activity, it is important to look for ways to overcome the problem of poor bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Wdowiak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Robert Pietrzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (R.P.); (A.B.-W.)
| | - Aleksandra Bazan-Woźniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (R.P.); (A.B.-W.)
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Аrbаin D, Saputri GA, Syahputra GS, Widiyastuti Y, Susanti D, Taher M. Genus Pterocarpus: A review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, biological activities, and clinical evidence. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114316. [PMID: 34116190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Pterocarpus (Fabaceae) has about 46 species that are distributed over Asia, especially Indonesia, Africa, and several countries in America. Particularly, P. indicus and P. santalinus have been recorded as ancestor recipe in the old Indonesian book (Cabe puyang warisan nenek moyang). These plants have found application in traditional medicine, such as in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, gonorrhoea, infection, coughs, mouth ulcers, boils, diarrhoea, as well as in the management of pain (as an analgesic). AIM OF THE REVIEW The present review aimed to comprehensively summarise the current researches on the traditional and scientific applications of the genus Pterocarpus with regard to the phytochemical content, in vivo and in vitro bioactivities, as well as clinical evidence that may be useful for future drug development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information about the Pterocarpus genus were obtained from local classic herbal literature and electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The scientific name of the species and its synonyms were checked with the information of The Plant List. Additionally, clinical trial results were obtained from the Cochrane library. RESULTS Several phytochemical constituents of the plants, e.g., flavonoids, isoflavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids have been reported. There are about 11 species of Pterocarpus that have been scientifically studied for their biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic, and anti-hyperglycemic. Of which, the anti-hyperglycemic activity of the extracts and phytochemicals of P. indicus and P. marsupium is particularly remarkable, allowing them to be further studied under clinical trial. CONCLUSION The present review has provided an insight into the traditional applications of the plants and some of them have been validated by scientific evidence, particularly their applications as anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents. In addition, the genus has demonstrated notable anti-diabetic activity in various clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dаyаr Аrbаin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945, Jakarta, 14350, Indonesia.
| | - Gita Ayu Saputri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945, Jakarta, 14350, Indonesia.
| | | | - Yuli Widiyastuti
- Medicinal Plant and Traditional Medicine Research and Development Center, Jl. Raya Lawu 11, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java, 57792, Indonesia.
| | - Deny Susanti
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Malaysia.
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Ambati GG, Jachak SM. Natural Product Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase (COX) Enzyme: A Review on Current Status and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1877-1905. [PMID: 32484764 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200602131100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several clinically used COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor drugs were reported to possess severe side effects like GI ulcers and cardiovascular disturbances, respectively. Natural products being structurally diverse always attracted the attention of chemists/ medicinal chemists as a potential source of lead molecules in the drug discovery process. COX-2 inhibitory natural products also possess potential cancer chemopreventive property against various cancers including that of colon, breast and prostate. METHODS Various in vitro, in vivo and in silico standardized methods were used to evaluate COX inhibition property of different secondary metabolites isolated from plant, microbial and marine origin. RESULTS We had earlier reported a detailed account of natural product inhibitors of COX reported during 1995-2005, in 2006. In the proposed review, we report 158 natural product inhibitors of COX during 2006 to 2019 belonging to various secondary metabolite classes such as alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols as flavonoids, chromones, coumarins, lignans, anthraquinones, naphthalenes, curcuminoids, diarylheptanoids and miscellaneous compounds of plant and marine origin. Further Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) studies of possible leads are also included in the article. CONCLUSION COX inhibitors served as a potential source of lead molecules for the discovery and development of anti-inflammatory drugs. Compilation of natural product and semisynthetic inhibitors of COX may serve as valuable information to the researchers who are looking for possible lead molecules from a natural source to conduct further preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutami G Ambati
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, SAS Nagar 160062, Mohali, India
| | - Sanjay M Jachak
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, SAS Nagar 160062, Mohali, India
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Wang QH, Li W, Jiang YX, Lu XH, Wang GG. The extract from Agkistrodon halys venom protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:176. [PMID: 31315617 PMCID: PMC6637617 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snake venoms contain various bioactive constituents which possess potential therapeutic effects. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the extract from Agkistrodon halys venom on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury. METHODS Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (10 rats per group): control group, LPS group and LPS + extract group. Rats in control and the LPS groups were intravenously injected with sterile saline solution, and rats in the LPS + extract group with the extract. After 2 h, rats of the control group were intraperitoneally injected sterile saline solution, and rats in the LPS and the LPS + extract groups were treated with LPS (20 mg per kg body weight). Levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were determined. Anti-inflammation of the extract was analyzed via determination of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum, and expression of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2 and p-ERK protein in hearts. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and p-NF-κB protein expression in hearts, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum were used to evaluate the anti-oxidative properties of the extract. RESULTS Extract pretreatment significantly decreased the level of serum CK and LDH, reduced the generation of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, and also reduced serum level of MDA in the LPS + extract group compared with the LPS group. In addition, the extract increased SOD activity in serum, HO-1 protein expression in hearts, and decreased TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, p-NF-κB and p-ERK1/2 protein expression. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that beneficial effect of this extract might be associated with an improved anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effect via downregulation of NF-κB/COX-2 signaling by activating HO-1/CO in hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Hai Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Guo-Guang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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Bajpai VK, Alam MB, Quan KT, Ju MK, Majumder R, Shukla S, Huh YS, Na M, Lee SH, Han YK. Attenuation of inflammatory responses by (+)-syringaresinol via MAP-Kinase-mediated suppression of NF-κB signaling in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9216. [PMID: 29907781 PMCID: PMC6003921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the anti-inflammatory effects of (+)-syringaresinol (SGRS), a lignan isolated from Rubia philippinensis, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells using enzyme-based immuno assay, Western blotting, and RT-PCR analyses. Additionally, in vivo effects of SGRS in the acute inflammatory state were examined by using the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema assay in experimental mice. As a result, treatment with SGRS (25, 50, and 100 μM) inhibited protein expression of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) as well as production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by LPS. Moreover, SGRS also reduced LPS-induced mRNA expression levels of iNOS and COX-2, including NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokines in a dose-dependent fashion. Furthermore, carrageenan-induced paw edema assay validated the in vivo anti-edema effect of SGRS. Interestingly, SGRS (30 mg/kg) suppressed carrageenan-induced elevation of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels as well as COX-2 and NF-κB protein levels, suggesting SGRS may possess anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Badrul Alam
- Departments of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Ju
- Departments of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajib Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, 2567, Australia
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Departments of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
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Park JY, Kim SI, Lee HJ, Kim SS, Kwon YS, Chun W. Isorhamnetin-3-O-Glucuronide Suppresses JNK and p38 Activation and Increases Heme-Oxygenase-1 in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged RAW264.7 Cells. Drug Dev Res 2017; 77:143-51. [PMID: 27113811 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research Isorhanmetin (ISH) exhibits a wide range of biological properties including anticancer, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the pharmacological properties of isorhamnetin-3-O-glucuronide (IG), a glycoside derivative of ISH, have not been extensively examined. The objective of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of IG and its underlying mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells in comparison with its aglycone, ISH. IG suppressed LPS-induced extracellular secretion of the proinflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2 , and proinflammatory protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2. IG also increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). IG attenuated LPS-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 in a concentration-dependent manner with negligible suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) phosphorylation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that IG exerts anti-inflammatory activity by increasing HO-1 expression and by suppressing JNK and p38 signaling pathways in LPS-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Drug Dev Res 77 : 143-151, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Song-In Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
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Hesperetin Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells via the Inhibition of NF-κB and Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways. Inflammation 2017; 39:964-73. [PMID: 26994999 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hesperetin (Hesp), a common flavanone glycoside, was extracted from the fruit peel of Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae). Hesp has been shown to possess various biological properties, including antioxidant, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of Hesp on inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Our results indicated that Hesp treatment dramatically suppressed secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β; reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression; inhibited NF-κB (p65) phosphorylation; and blocked IκBα phosphorylation and degradation. Further studies revealed Hesp markedly enhanced the heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression, which were involved with inducing Nrf2 nuclear translocation and decreasing Keap1 protein expression. Together, these results indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect of Hesp may be associated with NF-κB inhibition and Nrf2/HO-1 activation.
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Lv H, Ren W, Zheng Y, Wang L, Lu G, Yi P, Ci X. Tenuigenin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity via inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB and inducing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in macrophages. Food Funct 2016; 7:355-63. [PMID: 26499342 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00807g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tenuigenin (TNG), isolated from the root of the Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia, possesses various biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation activities. In this study, we aimed to further investigate whether its anti-inflammatory activity is associated with the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Our results showed that TNG treatment dramatically reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and NO production, decreased iNOS and COX-2 gene expression, inhibited JNK1/2, ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB (p65) phosphorylation, and blocked IκBα phosphorylation and degradation. Further studies revealed that TNG dramatically up-regulated heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression, which was related to the induction of Nrf2 nuclear translocation and decreased Keap1 protein expression. Additionally, treatment with JNK1/2, ERK1/2 or p38 inhibitors had no effect on the TNG-induced HO-1 protein expression. Furthermore, the LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 expression levels were inhibited by TNG, which was partially reversed by the HO-1-siRNA and HO-1 inhibitors. Together, these results showed that TNG's anti-inflammatory activity is related to the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression via down-regulation of the MAPK and NF-κB, and up-regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
| | - Wenzhi Ren
- College of Animal sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
| | - Lidong Wang
- College of Animal sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Gejin Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
| | - Xinxin Ci
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China. and Institutes of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130001, PR China.
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Arctigenin Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pulmonary Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Mouse Model via Suppression of MAPK, HO-1, and iNOS Signaling. Inflammation 2016; 38:1406-14. [PMID: 25616905 PMCID: PMC7102291 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arctigenin, a bioactive component of Arctium lappa (Nubang), has anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we investigated the effects of arctigenin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. Mice were divided into four groups: control, LPS, LPS + DMSO, and LPS + Arctigenin. Mice in the LPS + Arctigenin group were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg of arctigenin 1 h before an intratracheal administration of LPS (5 mg/kg). Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) were collected. Histological changes of the lung were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Arctigenin decreased LPS-induced acute lung inflammation, infiltration of inflammatory cells into BALF, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, arctigenin pretreatment reduced the malondialdehyde level and increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and glutathione peroxidase/glutathione disulfide ratio in the lung. Mechanically, arctigenin significantly reduced the production of nitric oxygen and inducible nitric oxygen synthase (iNOS) expression, enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1, and decreased the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Arctigenin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects on LPS-induced acute lung injury, which are associated with modulation of MAPK, HO-1, and iNOS signaling.
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Lv H, Yu Z, Zheng Y, Wang L, Qin X, Cheng G, Ci X. Isovitexin Exerts Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Activities on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB and Activating HO-1/Nrf2 Pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:72-86. [PMID: 26722219 PMCID: PMC4679400 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage and inflammation are closely associated with the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). Thus, we explored the protective effect of isovitexin (IV), a glycosylflavonoid, in the context of ALI. To accomplish this, we created in vitro and in vivo models by respectively exposing macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and using LPS to induce ALI in mice. In vitro, our results showed that IV treatment reduced LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, iNOS and COX-2 expression and decreased the generation of ROS. Consistent findings were obtained in vivo. Additionally, IV inhibited H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. However, these effects were partially reversed following the use of an HO-1 inhibitor in vitro. Further studies revealed that IV significantly inhibited MAPK phosphorylation, reduced NF-κB nuclear translocation, and upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression in RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo, pretreatment with IV attenuated histopathological changes, infiltration of polymorphonuclear granulocytes and endothelial activation, decreased the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, reduced the levels of MPO and MDA, and increased the content of GSH and SOD in ALI. Furthermore, IV treatment effectively increased Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in lung tissues. Therefore, IV may offer a protective role against LPS-induced ALI by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB and activating HO-1/Nrf2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Lv
- 1. Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenxiang Yu
- 2. Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- 1. Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- 1. Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofeng Qin
- 1. Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Genhong Cheng
- 1. Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- 1. Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Joung EJ, Lee B, Gwon WG, Shin T, Jung BM, Yoon NY, Choi JS, Oh CW, Kim HR. Sargaquinoic acid attenuates inflammatory responses by regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:693-700. [PMID: 26442467 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Myagropsis myagroides, a brown alga, showed strong anti-inflammatory activities in the previous studies. In this study, we isolated a strong anti-inflammatory compound, sargaquinoic acid (SQA), from M. myagroides and investigated the anti-inflammatory action using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. SQA suppressed the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in LPS-stimulated cells as well as that of reactive oxygen species. As a result, SQA inhibited the production of NO, prostaglandin E2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. LPS-induced transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was remarkably inhibited by SQA treatment through the prevention of inhibitor κB-α degradation. The regulation of NF-κB activation was also mediated by the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, SQA induced the production of heme oxygenase 1 via activation of transcription factor Nrf2. These results indicate that SQA inhibits the LPS-induced expression of inflammatory mediators via suppression of ERK and Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway as well as up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, indicating that SQA has a potential therapeutic and preventive application in various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Joung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea
| | - Wi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea
| | - Taisun Shin
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Bok-Mi Jung
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Na-Young Yoon
- Food and Safety Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-705, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sue Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea
| | - Chul Woong Oh
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea
| | - Hyeung-Rak Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea.
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Patil KR, Mohapatra P, Patel HM, Goyal SN, Ojha S, Kundu CN, Patil CR. Pentacyclic Triterpenoids Inhibit IKKβ Mediated Activation of NF-κB Pathway: In Silico and In Vitro Evidences. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125709. [PMID: 25938234 PMCID: PMC4418667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic Triterpenoids (PTs) and their analogues as well as derivatives are emerging as important drug leads for various diseases. They act through a variety of mechanisms and a majority of them inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In this study, we examined the effects of the naturally occurring PTs on IκB kinase-β (IKKβ), which has great scientific relevance in the NF-κB signaling pathway. On virtual screening, 109 PTs were screened through the PASS (prediction of activity spectra of substances) software for prediction of NF-κB inhibitory activity followed by docking on the NEMO/IKKβ association complex (PDB: 3BRV) and testing for compliance with the softened Lipinski’s Rule of Five using Schrodinger (LLC, New York, USA). Out of the projected 45 druggable PTs, Corosolic Acid (CA), Asiatic Acid (AA) and Ursolic Acid (UA) were assayed for IKKβ kinase activity in the cell free medium. The UA exhibited a potent IKKβ inhibitory effect on the hotspot kinase assay with IC50 of 69 μM. Whereas, CA at 50 μM concentration markedly reduced the NF-κB luciferase activity and phospho-IKKβ protein expressions. The PTs tested, attenuated the expression of the NF-κB cascade proteins in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, prevented the phosphorylation of the IKKα/β and blocked the activation of the Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). The results suggest that the IKKβ inhibition is the major mechanism of the PTs-induced NF-κB inhibition. PASS predictions along with in-silico docking against the NEMO/IKKβ can be successfully applied in the selection of the prospective NF-κB inhibitory downregulators of IKKβ phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpesh R. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist- Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purusottam Mohapatra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Harun M. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist- Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sameer N. Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist- Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates, UAE
| | - Chanakya N. Kundu
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- * E-mail: (CRP); (CNK); (KRP)
| | - Chandragouda R. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist- Dhule, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail: (CRP); (CNK); (KRP)
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3,4,5-Trihydroxycinnamic acid increases heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and decreases macrophage infiltration in LPS-induced septic kidney. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 397:109-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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