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Ribeiro RM, da Silveira EP, Santos VC, Teixeira LL, Santos GS, Galvão IN, Hamoy MKO, da Silva Tiago AC, de Araújo DB, Muto NA, Lopes DCF, Hamoy M. Dexamethasone attenuates low-frequency brainwave disturbances following acute seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol in Wistar rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2024; 139:104921. [PMID: 39096892 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Seizures are neurological disorders triggered by an imbalance in the activity of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain. When triggered chronically, this imbalance can lead to epilepsy. Critically, many of the affected individuals are refractory to treatment. Given this, anti-inflammatory drugs, in particular glucocorticoids, have been considered as a potential antiepileptogenic therapy. Glucocorticoids are currently used in the treatment of refractory patients, although there have been contradictory results in terms of their use in association with antiepileptic drugs, which reinforces the need for a more thorough investigation of their effects. In this context, the present study evaluated the effects of dexamethasone (DEX, 0.6 mg/kg) on the electroencephalographic (EEG) and histopathological parameters of male Wistar rats submitted to acute seizure induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). The EEG monitoring revealed that DEX reduced the total brainwave power, in comparison with PTZ, in 12 h after the convulsive episode, exerting this effect in up to 36 h (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). An increase in the accommodation of the oscillations of the delta, alpha, and gamma frequencies was also observed from the first 12 h onwards, with the accommodation of the theta frequency occurring after 36 h, and that of the beta frequency 24 h after the seizure. The histopathological analyses showed that the CA3 region and hilum of the hippocampus suffered cell loss after the PTZ-induced seizure (control vs. PTZ, p < 0.05), although DEX was not able to protect these regions against cell death (PTZ vs. DEX + PTZ, p > 0.05). While DEX did not reverse the cell damage caused by PTZ, the data indicate that DEX has beneficial properties in the EEG analysis, which makes it a promising candidate for the attenuation of the epileptiform wave patterns that can precipitate refractory seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Marques Ribeiro
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Esther Padilha da Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Rua dos Munducurus, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Vitoria Corrêa Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Rua dos Munducurus, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Leonan Lima Teixeira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Rua dos Munducurus, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Gisely Santiago Santos
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Izabela Nascimento Galvão
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Klara Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Allan Carlos da Silva Tiago
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Daniella Bastos de Araújo
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Nilton Akio Muto
- Centre for the Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Rua dos Munducurus, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
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Eiró-Quirino L, Yoshino FK, de Amorim GC, de Araújo DB, Barbosa GB, de Souza LV, Dos Santos MF, Hamoy MKO, Dos Santos RG, Amóras LHB, Gurgel do Amaral AL, Hartcopff PFP, de Souza RV, da Silva Deiga Y, Hamoy M. Recording of hippocampal activity on the effect of convulsant doses of caffeine. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117148. [PMID: 39032287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Seizures occur when there is a hyper-excitation of the outer layer of the brain, with subsequent excessive synchrony in a group of neurons. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 50 million people are affected by this disease, a third of whom are resistant to the treatments available on the market. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), which belongs to the purine alkaloid family, is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. It is ingested by people through drinks containing this substance, such as coffee, and as an adjuvant in analgesic therapy with non-steroidal antiflammatory drugs. The present study evaluated the electrocorticographic changes observed in the hippocampus of Wistar rats subjected to acute doses of caffeine (150 mg/kg i.p), which represents a toxic dose of caffeine corresponding to an estimated acute intake of more than 12 cups of coffee to record its convulsant activity. Our results showed, for the first time, that the administration of high doses of caffeine (150 mg/kg i.p.) in rats caused an increase in the spectral distribution of power in all frequency bands and suggested the appearance of periods of ictal and interictal peaks in the electrocorticogram (ECog). We have also shown that the anticonvulsants phenytoin, diazepam and phenobarbital have a satisfactory response when associated with caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Eiró-Quirino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Kiyoshi Yoshino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Gloria Calandrini de Amorim
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Daniella Bastos de Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Brito Barbosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Luana Vasconcelos de Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Murilo Farias Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Maria Klara Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Laís Helena Baptista Amóras
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Anthony Lucas Gurgel do Amaral
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Priscille Fidelis Pacheco Hartcopff
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Vieira de Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Yris da Silva Deiga
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil.
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Freitas L, Amaral A, Conceição R, Barbosa G, Hamoy MK, Barbosa A, Paz C, Santos M, Hamoy A, Paz A, Favacho-Lopes D, Mello V, Hamoy M. Potentiation of the depressant effect of alcohol by flunitrazepam in rats: an electrocorticographic, respiratory and electrocardiographic study. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03111-w. [PMID: 38676788 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03111-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol, a widely commercialized psychotropic drug, and the benzodiazepine Flunitrazepam, an anxiolytic widely prescribed for patients with anxiety and insomnia problems, are well known drugs and both act on the central nervous system. The misuse and the association of these two drugs are public health concerns in several countries and could cause momentary, long-lasting and even lethal neurophysiological problems due to the potentiation of their adverse effects in synergy. The present study observed the result of the association of these drugs on electrophysiological responses in the brain, heart, and respiratory rate in Wistar rats. 8 experimental groups were determined: control, one alcohol group (20% at a dose of 1 ml/100 g VO), three Flunitrazepam groups (doses 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg) and three alcohol-Flunitrazepam groups (20% at a dose of 1 ml/100 g VO of alcohol, combined with 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg of Flunitrazepam, respectively). The results showed that there was a more pronounced reduction in alpha and theta wave power in the alcohol-Flunitrazepam groups, a decrease in the power of beta oscillations and greater sedation. There was a progressive decrease in respiratory rate linked to the increase of Flunitrazepam dose in the alcohol-Flunitrazepam associated administration. It was observed alteration in heart rate and Q-T interval in high doses of Flunitrazepam. Therefore, we conclude that the association alcohol-Flunitrazepam presented deepening of depressant synergistic effects according to the increase in the dose of the benzodiazepine, and this could cause alterations in low frequency brain oscillations, breathing, and hemodynamics of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Freitas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
| | - Anthony Amaral
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Raína Conceição
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Barbosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria Klara Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Anara Barbosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Paz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Murilo Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Akira Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Allane Paz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Favacho-Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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da Silva ALM, Nascimento CP, Azevedo JEC, Vieira LR, Hamoy AO, Tiago ACDS, Martins Rodrigues JC, de Araujo DB, Favacho Lopes DC, de Mello VJ, Hamoy M. Unmasking hidden risks: The surprising link between PDE5 inhibitors and seizure susceptibility. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294754. [PMID: 38033148 PMCID: PMC10688920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are the first line treatment for erectile dysfunction; however, several articles and case reports have shown central nervous system effects, that can cause seizures in susceptible patients. This study aims to describe the changes caused by the use of Sildenafil and Tadalafil through the analysis of abnormalities expressed in the electrocorticogram (ECoG) of rats and evaluate the seizure threshold response and treatment of seizures with anticonvulsants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study used 108 rats (Wistar). Before surgery for electrode placement in dura mater, the animals were randomly separated into 3 experiments for electrocorticogram analysis. Experiment 1: ECoG response to using PD5i (Sildenafil 20mg/kg and Tadalafil 2.6mg/kg p.o.). Experiment 2: ECoG response to the use of PD5i in association with Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ-30 mg/kg i.p.), a convulsive model. Experiment 3: ECoG response to anticonvulsant treatment (Phenytoin, Phenobarbital and Diazepam) of seizures induced by association IPDE5 + PTZ. All recordings were made thirty minutes after administration of the medication and analyzed for ten minutes, only once. We considered statistical significance level of *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p < 0.001. RESULTS After administration of Sildenafil and Tadalafil, there were increases in the power of recordings in the frequency bands in oscillations in alpha (p = 0.0920) and beta (p = 0.602) when compared to the control group (p<0.001). After the use of Sildenafil and Tadalafil associated with PTZ, greater potency was observed in the recordings during seizures (p<0.001), however, the Sildenafil group showed greater potency when compared to Tadalafil (p<0.05). Phenobarbital and Diazepam showed a better response in controlling discharges triggered by the association between proconvulsant drugs. CONCLUSIONS PDE5i altered the ECoG recordings in the rats' motor cortexes, demonstrating cerebral asynchrony and potentiating the action of PTZ. These findings demonstrate that PDE5i can lower the seizure threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Luiz Menezes da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Chirlene Pinheiro Nascimento
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Julianne Elba Cunha Azevedo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luana Rodrigues Vieira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Allan Carlos da Silva Tiago
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - João Cleiton Martins Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Daniella Bastos de Araujo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Hamoy AO, da Fonseca SM, Cei GL, Júnior FLDA, Hamoy MKO, Ribeiro RM, Barbas LAL, Muto N, Hamoy M. Behavioral, electrocorticographic and electrocardiologic changes in Colossoma macropomum (Tambaqui) in the effect of cunaniol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287681. [PMID: 37390086 PMCID: PMC10313049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Clibadium spp. is a shrub of occurrence in the Amazon, popularly known as Cunambi. The compounds in the leaves demonstrate ichthyotoxic properties, and its major substance, cunaniol, is a powerful central nervous system stimulant with proconvulsant activity. Few current studies relate behavioral changes to the electrophysiological profile of fish poisoning. This study aimed to describe the behavioral, electromyographic, electroencephalographic, electrocardiographic, and seizure control characteristics of anticonvulsant drugs in Colossoma macropomum submitted to cunaniol intoxication during bathing containing 0.3 μg/L cunaniol. The behavioral test showed rapid evolution presenting excitability and spasms, which were confirmed by the analysis of Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electromyogram (EMG), and changes in cardiac function detected in the ECG. Cunaniol-induced excitability control was evaluated using three anticonvulsant agents: Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, and Diazepam. While phenytoin was not effective in seizure control, diazepam proved to be the most efficient. These results demonstrate the susceptibility of Colossoma macropomum to cunaniol poisoning, given that the central nervous system and electrocardiographic changes were considered severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Suzane Maia da Fonseca
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Lourenço Cei
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Fábio Leite do Amaral Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Maria Klara Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Marques Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Luis Andre Luz Barbas
- Tropical Species Aquaculture Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (IFPA), Castanhal Campus, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Nilton Muto
- Center for the Valorization of Bioactive Compounds, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
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De Araújo ERL, Torres MF, Da Costa BMPA, Hamoy M, Sampaio LA, Barbas LAL. Electroencephalographic Response in Juvenile Tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, Exposed to Short-Term Anaesthetic Baths with Geraniol and Citronellol. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010090. [PMID: 36671782 PMCID: PMC9855846 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of neuronal depression in juvenile tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, exposed to geraniol (GRL) and citronellol (CTL) in immersion baths. A total of 36 juveniles weighing 35.2 ± 9.4 g were used, organised into six experimental groups: I-control (clean water); II-ethanol (water containing the highest volume of ethanol used in the anaesthetic pre-dilution); III-GRL induction (70 µL·L-1); IV-CTL induction (90 µL·L-1); V-GRL recovery; VI-CTL recovery. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were performed for 300 s in each group. EEG tracings of the control and ethanol groups showed regular and similar activity. Upon exposure to the anaesthetics, irregularities were observed in the tracings showing neuronal excitability and increased amplitudes, mainly in the case of CTL. Overall, GRL-exposed fish showed depression of the central nervous system with low and regular tracings throughout induction, presenting a gradual recovery and stable tracings, which were consistent with an adequate general anaesthetic effect. On the other hand, fish exposed to CTL showed altered EEG activity during induction, that could be considered incompatible with an appropriate anaesthetic effect and smooth recovery, presenting high and irregular EEG tracing amplitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ednara Ronise Lima De Araújo
- Laboratório de Piscicultura Estuarina e Marinha, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, CP 474, Rio Grande 96201-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ferreira Torres
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil
| | - Brenda Maria Pereira Alho Da Costa
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Luís André Sampaio
- Laboratório de Piscicultura Estuarina e Marinha, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, CP 474, Rio Grande 96201-900, Brazil
| | - Luis André Luz Barbas
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Caffeine intoxication: Behavioral and electrocorticographic patterns in Wistar rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 170:113452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Muto NA, Hamoy M, da Silva Ferreira CB, Hamoy AO, Lucas DCR, de Mello VJ, Rogez H. Extract of Euterpe oleracea Martius Stone Presents Anticonvulsive Activity via the GABAA Receptor. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:872743. [PMID: 35634465 PMCID: PMC9130464 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.872743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases globally, resulting from a disorder in brain activity. This condition can be triggered by birth trauma, traumatic brain injury (TBI), infections of the brain and stroke. More than 70 million people suffer seizures caused by neurological abnormalities. Approximately 80% of all epileptic patients reside in low-income conditions or in developing countries, and over 75% of patients do not receive proper treatment. Our previous study found an anticonvulsant property of an extract of Euterpe oleracea stone (EEOS) that caused myorelaxation, sedation, and cardiac and respiratory depression after intraperitoneal administration. The present study investigated through electroencephalographic (EEG) profiling the anticonvulsant protective properties of EEOS in induced convulsing rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with EEOS (300 mg/kg), diazepam (DZP) (5 mg/kg), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (60 mg/kg) and flumazenil (FMZ) (0.1 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (i.p.). Electrodes implanted on the dura mater provided EEG data in which EEOS suppressed seizure deflagration caused by PTZ. In addition, EEOS presented no significant difference in comparison to DZP, which has the same mechanism of action. After FMZ injection, a GABAA receptor antagonist blocked the anticonvulsive effect in both the DZP and EEOS groups, suggesting that EEOS exerts it action on the GABAA receptor at the benzodiazepine (BDZ) subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilton Akio Muto
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences of Federal University of Pará (ICB-UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Chryslen Brenda da Silva Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences of Federal University of Pará (ICB-UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences of Federal University of Pará (ICB-UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences of Federal University of Pará (ICB-UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Hervé Rogez,
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Leitão DS, Andrade AR, Medeiros NCL, Martins MFC, Ferreira LO, Santos VC, Hamoy AO, Barbas LAL, Muto NA, Jóia de Mello V, Lopes DCF, Hamoy M. Benzodiazepine partially reverses tonic-clonic seizures induced by thiocolchicoside. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11771. [PMID: 35239777 PMCID: PMC8905675 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures are a disorder caused by structural brain lesions, life-threatening metabolic derangements, or drug toxicity. The present study describes the behavior related to proconvulsant activity induced by thiocolchicoside (TCC) in rats and investigates the electrocorticographic patterns of this behavior and the effectiveness of classic antiepileptic drugs used to control these seizures. Forty-nine adult male Wistar rats were used and divided into two phases of our experimental design: 1) evaluation of seizure-related behavior and electrocorticographic patterns induced by TCC and 2) evaluation of the efficacy of classical antiepileptic drugs to control the proconvulsive activity caused by TCC. Our results showed that TCC induced tonic-clonic seizures that caused changes in electrocorticographic readings, characteristic of convulsive activity, with average amplitude greater than that induced by pentylenetetrazole. Treatment with anticonvulsants, especially diazepam, reduced the electrocorticographic outbreaks induced by TCC. The results suggested that TCC caused seizures with increased power in brain oscillations up to 40 Hz and that diazepam may partially reverse the effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Leitão
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A R Andrade
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - N C L Medeiros
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - M F C Martins
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - L O Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - V C Santos
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A O Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - L A L Barbas
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil
| | - N A Muto
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - V Jóia de Mello
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - D C F Lopes
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - M Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
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Cabral DAC, Campos FMS, Silva MCPD, Medeiros JPDV, Batista PDS, Jardim GC, Machado JLP, Cabral LGC, Mello VJD, Hamoy M. Characterization of electrocorticographic, electromyographic and electrocardiographic recordings after the use of caffeine in Wistar rats. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2021; 19:eAO6417. [PMID: 34787292 PMCID: PMC8577317 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ao6417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To describe electrocorticographic, electromyographic and electrocardiographic profiles to report the electrophysiological effects of caffeine in Wistar rats. Methods: Male adult Wistar rats weighing 230g to 250g were used. Rats were allocated to one of two groups, as follows: Group 1, Control, intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% saline solution (n=27); and Group 2, treated with intraperitoneal injection of caffeine (50mg/kg; n=27). The rats were submitted to electrocorticographic, electromyographic and electrocardiographic assessment. Results: Brain oscillations (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma) in the frequency range up to 40Hz varied after caffeine administration to rats. Powers in delta and theta oscillations ranges were preponderant. The contractile force of the skeletal striated and cardiac muscles increased. Electrocardiogram analysis revealed shorter RR, QRS and QT intervals under the effect of caffeine. Conclusion: In the central nervous system, there was an increase in the delta, theta and alpha amplitude spectrum, which are related to memory encoding and enhanced learning. With regard to skeletal muscle, increased contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle was demonstrated, a clear indication of how caffeine can be used to enhance performance of some physical activities. Electrocardiographic changes observed after caffeine administration are primarily related to increased heart rate and energy consumption.
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Ferreira LO, Mattos BG, Jóia de Mello V, Martins-Filho AJ, da Costa ET, Yamada ES, Hamoy M, Lopes DCF. Increased Relative Delta Bandpower and Delta Indices Revealed by Continuous qEEG Monitoring in a Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion. Front Neurol 2021; 12:645138. [PMID: 33897602 PMCID: PMC8058376 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.645138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the electroencephalographic changes that occur during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in animals submitted to transient focal cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 30 min. For this, male Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n = 6 animals/group): (1) sham (control) group, and (2) ischemic/reperfusion group. The quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) was recorded during the ischemic and immediate reperfusion (acute) phases, and then once a day for 7 days after the MCAO (subacute phase). The acute phase was characterized by a marked increase in the relative delta wave band power (p < 0.001), with a smaller, but significant increase in the relative alpha wave bandpower in the ischemic stroke phase, in comparison with the control group (p = 0.0054). In the immediate reperfusion phase, however, there was an increase in the theta, alpha, and beta waves bandpower (p < 0.001), but no alteration in the delta waves (p = 0.9984), in comparison with the control group. We also observed high values in the delta/theta ratio (DTR), the delta/alpha ratio (DAR), and the (delta+theta)/(alpha+beta) ratio (DTABR) indices during the ischemia (p < 0.05), with a major reduction in the reperfusion phase. In the subacute phase, the activity of all the waves was lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05), although the DTR, DAR, and DTABR indices remained relatively high. In conclusion, early and accurate identification of decreased delta wave bandpower, DTR, DAR, and DTABR indices, and an increase in the activity of other waves in the immediate reperfusion phase may represent an important advance for the recognition of the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gerrits Mattos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Edmar Tavares da Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Sumi Yamada
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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12
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Barbas LAL, Torres MF, da Costa BMPA, Feitosa MJM, Maltez LC, Amado LL, Toda YPS, Batista PDS, Cabral DAC, Hamoy M. Eugenol induces body immobilization yet evoking an increased neuronal excitability in fish during short-term baths. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 231:105734. [PMID: 33385846 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested eugenol as a suitable anaesthetic for fish. However, it has also been regarded as a toxic and aversive substance to several aquatic organisms, including fish. This study sought to assess the eugenol-induced behavioural alterations and its seizurogenic potential to fish. Moreover, a distinctive methodology for an in vivo evaluation of the brain activity was also presented. Prior to the evaluation of eugenol-induced responses, fish were exposed to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), to characterize any seizure-like patterns. Antagonizing responses to PTZ were assessed in fish receiving diazepam (BDZ) and subsequently exposed to PTZ. Tambaqui fish juveniles, Colossoma macropomum (15.8 ± 2.8 g) were used as models and assayed as follows: (i) fish exposed to PTZ (15 mM) and (ii) fish receiving a dose of BDZ (10 mg Kg-1) and later exposed to PTZ (15 mM) (BDZ-PTZ group). Thereafter, fish were evaluated throughout (iii) eugenol exposure at 65 μL L-1 (ethanolic solution) and recovery. Control fish and a vehicle control group (ethanol at 585 μL L-1) were also established. PTZ baths elicited body immobilization preceded by hyperactivity in a stereotyped seizure-like behaviour with increased EEG wave amplitude and frequency. PTZ effects in the brain were attenuated by a pre-administration of BDZ. Upon eugenol exposure, tambaqui had an intense neuronal excitability, showing a clonus-like seizure behaviour, also corroborated by the EEG patterns, which were consistent with a seizure-like response. Responses of eugenol-exposed fish resembled those of the PZT-exposed animals, with epileptiform discharges. EMG was in line with the EEG modulation, showing increased tracing oscillations and higher mean amplitudes in PTZ-exposed fish whereas in BDZ-PTZ group muscle contraction was less frequent and powerful. Fish exposed to eugenol showed initially some muscle activity followed by a loss of muscle tonus over time. In summary, our results showed that upon eugenol exposure, although a time-dependent body immobilization was attained, fish presented an intense neuronal excitability comparable to that evoked by PTZ. Eugenol failed to promote depression of the CNS and therefore may be not suitable to be used for general anaesthesia of C. macropomum. As eugenol could be implicated in seizurogenesis and be potentially toxic to the fish brain, protocols suggesting the broad use of eugenol for short-term anaesthesia or euthanasia of fish should be carefully revised, as it raises important concerns in terms of ethics and fish welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis André L Barbas
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais (LAET), Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará (IFPA), Castanhal, PA, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Ferreira Torres
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais (LAET), Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará (IFPA), Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Brenda Maria P A da Costa
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais (LAET), Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará (IFPA), Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Jhenneff Máximo Feitosa
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais (LAET), Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará (IFPA), Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Lucas Campos Maltez
- Laboratório de Piscicultura Estuarina e Marinha, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia (ICB) e Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho (LAPMAR), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ywa Perpetuo Socorro Toda
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Paula Dos Santos Batista
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Diego Arthur Castro Cabral
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil.
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13
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Santos GFS, Ferreira LO, Gerrits Mattos B, Fidelis EJ, de Souza AS, Batista PS, Manoel CAF, Cabral DAC, Jóia de Mello V, Favacho Lopes DC, Hamoy M. Electrocorticographic description of the effects of anticonvulsant drugs used to treat lidocaine-induced seizures. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e01940. [PMID: 33369278 PMCID: PMC7882171 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Local anesthetics are widely used in clinical practice. While toxicity is rare, these drugs can cause potentially lethal seizures. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic (ECoG) and electromyographic patterns of seizures induced by acute lidocaine (LA) toxicity and treated with anticonvulsant drugs. The study used adult male Wistar rats to describe of the seizure-related behavior of LA and investigated the treatment with anticonvulsant drugs. RESULTS The use of LA resulted in clear changes in the ECoG pattern, which presented characteristics of Status epilepticus, with increased intensity in all brainwaves. The decomposition of the cerebral waves showed an increase in the beta and gamma waves that may be related to tonic-clonic seizure. Although the treatment with anticonvulsants drugs reduces the power of brainwaves at frequencies between 1 and 40 Hz compared to the LA group, but only diazepam (DZP) was able to decrease the intensity of oscillations. The muscle contraction power also indicated a difference in the effectiveness of the three treatments. CONCLUSION The sum of the evidence indicates that LA causes status epilepticus and that DZP is the most effective treatment for the control of these seizures, by restoring the systemic values to levels close to those recorded in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Francisco S Santos
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gerrits Mattos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Eliniete J Fidelis
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Alisson S de Souza
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paula S Batista
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Cecilia A F Manoel
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Diego Arthur C Cabral
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Electrocorticographic patterns dominated by low-frequency waves in camphor-induced seizures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18222. [PMID: 33106574 PMCID: PMC7588455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Camphor is an aromatic terpene compound found in the essential oils of many plants, which has been used for centuries as a herbal medicine, especially in children. However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic patterns of seizures induced by camphor in male adult Wistar rats. Each rat received 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of camphor prior to monitoring by electrocorticography. The application of camphor resulted a rapid evolution to seizure and marked changes in the electrocorticographic readings, which presented characteristics of epileptiform activity, with an increase in the total power wave. The decomposition of the cerebral waves revealed an increase in the delta and theta waves. The analysis of the camphor traces revealed severe ictal activity marked by an increase in the polyspike wave. Our data thus indicate that camphor may cause seizures, leading to tonic–clonic seizures. Clearly, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms through which camphor acts on the brain, and to propose potential treatments with anticonvulsant drugs that are effective for the control of the seizures.
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de Almeida LCN, de Andrade Marques B, Silva RL, Hamoy AO, de Mello VJ, Borges RDS, Brito FSN, Longo E, Anicete-Santos M, Hamoy M. New nanocarried phenobarbital formulation: Maintains better control of pentylenetetrazole-Induced seizures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:e00539. [PMID: 33145190 PMCID: PMC7596104 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, phenobarbital was intercalated in the layered double hydroxide. This study evaluated the slow release efficacy of intercalated phenobarbital. The time of the anticonvulsant effect was verified by electroencephalographic records.
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of slow release phenobarbital in the control of convulsions triggered by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), verifying the time of permanence in the anticonvulsant effect through behavior and electroencephalographic records. A total of 162 male Wistar rats weighing between 100 and 120 g were divided into two groups, one for behavior analysis (n = 90) and biochemistry, and another for the acquisition of electrocorticographic record (n = 72). Hepatic enzymes were measured by obtaining a blood sample from the animals studied by means of a biochemical analysis. The procedures for electrode implant and electrocorticographic recordings were performed. The intercalation of phenobarbital in layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocarrier allowed us to evaluate a new slow release pharmaceutical formulation based on methodologies that have proven longer residence time and lower side effects. This study demonstrates that phenobarbital can be a new perspective pharmaceutical formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cristina Nunes de Almeida
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Beatriz de Andrade Marques
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Laranjeira Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Frank Sales Nunes Brito
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, P.O. Box 479, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Elson Longo
- Functional Materials Development Center (CDMF) - Federal University of São Carlos, Washington Luis Km 235, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Anicete-Santos
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, P.O. Box 479, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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16
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Silva de Melo B, de Morais BP, de Souza Ferreira Sá VS, Lourinho FD, Pinheiro Toda IPS, do Nascimento JLM, Marques DN, da Silva MCF, Cardoso GTM, Luz Barbas LA, Torres MF, Muto NA, de Mello VJ, Hamoy M. Behavioural, electrocorticographic, and electromyographic alterations induced by Nerium oleander ethanolic extract: Anticonvulsant therapeutics assessment. Neurotoxicology 2020; 78:21-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Rodrigues de Oliveira F, Eleuterio Rodrigues K, Hamoy M, Rodrigues Sarquis Í, Otake Hamoy A, Elena Crespo Lopez M, Maciel Ferreira I, de Matos Macchi B, Luiz Martins do Nascimento J. Fatty Acid Amides Synthesized from Andiroba Oil ( Carapa guianensis Aublet.) Exhibit Anticonvulsant Action with Modulation on GABA-A Receptor in Mice: A Putative Therapeutic Option. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13030043. [PMID: 32164340 PMCID: PMC7151664 DOI: 10.3390/ph13030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by excessive neuronal activity leading to seizure; about 30% of affected patients suffer from the refractory and pharmacoresistant form of the disease. The anticonvulsant drugs currently used for seizure control are associated with adverse reactions, making it important to search for more effective drugs with fewer adverse reactions. There is increasing evidence that endocannabinoids can pharmacologically modulate action against seizure and antiepileptic disorders. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the anticonvulsant effects of fatty acid amides (FAAs) in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure model in mice. FAAs (FAA1 and FAA2) are obtained from Carapa guianensis oil by biocatalysis and are characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis (FT-IR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Only FAA1 is effective in controlling the increased latency time of the first myoclonic jerk and in significantly decreasing the total duration of tonic-clonic seizures relative to the pentylenetetrazol model. Also, electrocortical alterations produced by pentylenetetrazol are reduced when treated by FAA1 that subsequently decreased wave amplitude and energy in Beta rhythm. The anticonvulsant effects of FAA1 are reversed by flumazenil, a benzodiazepine antagonist on Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid-A (GABA-A) receptors, indicating a mode of action via the benzodiazepine site of these receptors. To conclude, the FAA obtained from C. guianensis oil is promising against PTZ-induced seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (F.R.d.O.)
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade e Bromatologia, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Keuri Eleuterio Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (F.R.d.O.)
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Ícaro Rodrigues Sarquis
- Laboratório de Biocatálise e Síntese Orgânica Aplicada, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Crespo Lopez
- Programa de Pós graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (F.R.d.O.)
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Irlon Maciel Ferreira
- Laboratório de Biocatálise e Síntese Orgânica Aplicada, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Barbarella de Matos Macchi
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Martins do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (F.R.d.O.)
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: or
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Kim M, Acharya S, Botanas CJ, Custodio RJ, Lee HJ, Sayson LV, Abiero A, Lee YS, Cheong JH, Kim KM, Kim HJ. Catalpol and Mannitol, Two Components of Rehmannia glutinosa, Exhibit Anticonvulsant Effects Probably via GABA A Receptor Regulation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2020; 28:137-144. [PMID: 31739380 PMCID: PMC7059811 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a brain disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and is usually managed using currently available antiepileptic drugs, which result in adverse effects and are ineffective in approximately 20–25% of patients. Thus, there is growing interest in the development of new antiepileptic drugs with fewer side effects. In a previous study, we showed that a Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) water extract has protective effects against electroshock- and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures, with fewer side effects. In this study, the objective was to identify the RG components that are responsible for its anticonvulsant effects. Initially, a number of RG components (aucubin, acteoside, catalpol, and mannitol) were screened, and the anticonvulsant effects of different doses of catalpol, mannitol, and their combination on electroshock- and chemically (PTZ or strychnine)-induced seizures in mice, were further assessed. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor binding assay and electroencephalography (EEG) analysis were conducted to identify the potential underlying drug mechanism. Additionally, treated mice were tested using open-field and rotarod tests. Catalpol, mannitol, and their combination increased threshold against electroshock-induced seizures, and decreased the percentage of seizure responses induced by PTZ, a GABA antagonist. GABA receptor binding assay results revealed that catalpol and mannitol are associated with GABA receptor activity, and EEG analysis provided evidence that catalpol and mannitol have anticonvulsant effects against PTZ-induced seizures. In summary, our results indicate that catalpol and mannitol have anticonvulsant properties, and may mediate the protective effects of RG against seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyung Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Srijan Acharya
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chrislean Jun Botanas
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Raly James Custodio
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Lee
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Leandro Val Sayson
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Arvie Abiero
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Man Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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Estumano DP, Ferreira LO, Bezerra PAL, da Silva MCP, Jardim GC, Santos GFS, Gustavo KS, Mattos BG, Ramos JAB, Jóia de Mello V, da Costa ET, Lopes DCF, Hamoy M. Alteration of Testosterone Levels Changes Brain Wave Activity Patterns and Induces Aggressive Behavior in Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:654. [PMID: 31616380 PMCID: PMC6768956 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Testosterone is responsible for several changes in the brain, including behavioral and emotional responses, memory, and cognition. Given this, we investigated changes in the brain wave profile caused by supplementation with exogenous testosterone in both castrated and non-castrated rats. We also investigated the serum testosterone levels, renal and hepatic function, and the lipid and behavioral profiles. We found changes in the spectral wave power in both groups (castrated and non-castrated animals) supplemented with exogenous testosterone, consistent with an aggressive/hostile profile. These changes were observed in the electrocorticographic evaluation associated with increased power in low-frequency (delta and theta) and high-frequency (beta and gamma) activity in the supplemented animals. The castrated animals presented a significant decrease of wave power in the alpha frequency. This correlated with a decrease of the performance of the animals in the elevated plus-maze evaluation, given that the alpha wave is linked to the execution and visualization of motor processes. In the behavioral evaluation, the castrated animals presented a reduced permanence time in the elevated-plus maze, although this was prevented by the supplementation of testosterone. Testosterone supplementation induced aggressive behavior in non-castrated animals, but not in castrated ones. Supplemented animals had significantly elevated serum testosterone levels, while their urea levels were significantly lower, but without clinical significance. Our data indicate that testosterone supplementation in non-castrated rats, but not in castrated ones, causes electrocorticographic changes that could be associated with more aggressive and hostile behavior, in addition to indicating a potential for personality disorder. However, further studies are required to elucidate the cellular and molecular changes caused by acute testosterone supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pantoja Estumano
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo Augusto Lima Bezerra
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara Pinheiro da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Coutinho Jardim
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - George Francisco Souza Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Kayo Silva Gustavo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gerrits Mattos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Jorge Amando Batista Ramos
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Edmar Tavares da Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Moisés Hamoy
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