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Fu H, Tian Y, Zha G, Xiao X, Zhu H, Zhang Q, Yu C, Sun W, Li CM, Wei L, Chen P, Cao C. Microstrip isoelectric focusing with deep learning for simultaneous screening of diabetes, anemia, and thalassemia. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1312:342696. [PMID: 38834281 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemoglobin (Hb) is an important protein in red blood cells and a crucial diagnostic indicator of diseases, e.g., diabetes, thalassemia, and anemia. However, there is a rare report on methods for the simultaneous screening of diabetes, anemia, and thalassemia. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is a common separative tool for the separation and analysis of Hb. However, the current analysis of IEF images is time-consuming and cannot be used for simultaneous screening. Therefore, an artificial intelligence (AI) of IEF image recognition is desirable for accurate, sensitive, and low-cost screening. RESULTS Herein, we proposed a novel comprehensive method based on microstrip isoelectric focusing (mIEF) for detecting the relative content of Hb species. There was a good coincidence between the quantitation of Hb via a conventional automated hematology analyzer and the one via mIEF with R2 = 0.9898. Nevertheless, our results showed that the accuracy of disease diagnosis based on the quantification of Hb species alone is as low as 69.33 %, especially for the simultaneous screening of multiple diseases of diabetes, anemia, alpha-thalassemia, and beta-thalassemia. Therefore, we introduced a ResNet1D-based diagnosis model for the improvement of screening accuracy of multiple diseases. The results showed that the proposed model could achieve a high accuracy of more than 90 % and a good sensitivity of more than 96 % for each disease, indicating the overwhelming advantage of the mIEF method combined with deep learning in contrast to the pure mIEF method. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, the presented method of mIEF with deep learning enabled, for the first time, the absolute quantitative detection of Hb, relative quantitation of Hb species, and simultaneous screening of diabetes, anemia, alpha-thalassemia, and beta-thalassemia. The AI-based diagnosis assistant system combined with mIEF, we believe, will help doctors and specialists perform fast and precise disease screening in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, PR China; School of Sensing Science and Engineering, SJTU-Biochine Research Center, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Youli Tian
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, SJTU-Biochine Research Center, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Genhan Zha
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, SJTU-Biochine Research Center, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- NHC key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Key laboratory of Thalassemia Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Hengying Zhu
- NHC key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Key laboratory of Thalassemia Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, SJTU-Biochine Research Center, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Changjie Yu
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, SJTU-Biochine Research Center, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, PR China
| | - Chang Ming Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Li Wei
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200235, PR China.
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, SJTU-Biochine Research Center, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; NHC key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Key laboratory of Thalassemia Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
| | - Chengxi Cao
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, SJTU-Biochine Research Center, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200235, PR China.
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Lomeli G, Herr AE. Reducing Cathodic Drift during Isoelectric Focusing Using Microscale Immobilized pH Gradient Gels. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8648-8656. [PMID: 38716690 PMCID: PMC11140684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic analytical tools play an important role in miniaturizing targeted proteomic assays for improved detection sensitivity, throughput, and automation. Microfluidic isoelectric focusing (IEF) can resolve proteoforms in lysate from low-to-single cell numbers. However, IEF assays often use carrier ampholytes (CAs) to establish a pH gradient for protein separation, presenting limitations like pH instability in the form of cathodic drift (migration of focused proteins toward the cathode). Immobilized pH gradient (IPG) gels reduce cathodic drift by covalently immobilizing the pH buffering components to a matrix. To our knowledge, efforts to implement IPG gels at the microscale have been limited to glass microdevices. To adapt IEF using IPGs to widely used microfluidic device materials, we introduce a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidic device and compare the microscale pH gradient stability of IEF established with IPGs, CAs, and a hybrid formulation of IPG gels and CAs (mixed-bed IEF). The PDMS-based IPG microfluidic device (μIPG) resolved analytes differing by 0.1 isoelectric point within a 3.5 mm separation lane over a 20 min focusing duration. During the 20 min duration, we observed markedly different cathodic drift velocities among the three formulations: 60.1 μm/min in CA-IEF, 2.5 μm/min in IPG-IEF (∼24-fold reduction versus CA-IEF), and 1.4 μm/min in mixed-bed IEF (∼43-fold reduction versus CA-IEF). Lastly, mixed-bed IEF in a PDMS device resolved green fluorescent protein (GFP) proteoforms from GFP-expressing human breast cancer cell lysate, thus establishing stability in lysate from complex biospecimens. μIPG is a promising and stable technique for studying proteoforms from small volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lomeli
- The
UC Berkeley−UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Amy E. Herr
- The
UC Berkeley−UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chan
Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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Sani A, Idrees Khan M, Shah S, Tian Y, Zha G, Fan L, Zhang Q, Cao C. Diagnosis and screening of abnormal hemoglobins. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117685. [PMID: 38030031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities, such as thalassemia and structural Hb variants, are among the most prevalent inherited diseases and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, there were not comprehensive reviews focusing on different clinical analytical techniques, research methods and artificial intelligence (AI) used in clinical screening and research on hemoglobinopathies. Hence the review offers a comprehensive summary of recent advancements and breakthroughs in the detection of aberrant Hbs, research methods and AI uses as well as the present restrictions anddifficulties in hemoglobinopathies. Recent advances in cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), isoelectric focusing (IEF), flow cytometry, mass spectrometry (MS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) etc have allowed for the definitive detection by using advanced AIand portable point of care tests (POCT) integrating with smartphone microscopic classification, machine learning (ML) model, complete blood counts (CBC), imaging-based method, speedy immunoassay, and electrochemical-, microfluidic- and sensing-related platforms. In addition, to confirm and validate unidentified and novel Hbs, highly specialized genetic based techniques like PCR, reverse transcribed (RT)-PCR, DNA microarray, sequencing of genomic DNA, and sequencing of RT-PCR amplified globin cDNA of the gene of interest have been used. Hence, adequate utilization and improvement of available diagnostic and screening technologies are important for the control and management of hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sani
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Idrees Khan
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Saud Shah
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Youli Tian
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Genhan Zha
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liuyin Fan
- Student Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Chengxi Cao
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Zha G, Xiao X, Tian Y, Zhu H, Chen P, Zhang Q, Yu C, Li H, Wang Y, Cao C. An efficient isoelectric focusing of microcolumn array chip for screening of adult Beta-Thalassemia. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 538:124-130. [PMID: 36400321 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF), liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) still suffered from low resolution for hemoglobinopathy screening. Herein, a 30-mm pH 5.2-7.8 microcolumn IEF (mIEF) array chip was developed for hemoglobinopathy screening. As a proof of concept, adult beta-thalassemia was chosen as a model disease. In the method, blood samples were hemolyzed via hemolysin solution and loaded into the microcolumn. The experiments showed that (i) the species of Hb A, F, A2 and variants were clearly separated in the chip, and the resolution was greatly higher than the ones of LC/CZE/cIEF; (ii) up to 24 samples could be simultaneously analyzed in 12-min run; (iii) the intraday and interday RSDs were respectively 3.32-4.91 % and 4.07-5.33 %. The assays of mIEF to total 634 samples were compared with the ones of LC (n = 327) and PCR (n = 307). The cutoff of 3.5 % HbA2 led to the sensitivity of 100 % and specificity of 89.1 % for the mIEF-based screening; and there was 96.7 % coincidence between the methods of mIEF and PCR if refer Hb A2 and F. The method had the merits of facility, efficiency, specificity and sensitivity in contrast to the currently-used methods, implying its potential to screening of beta-thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genhan Zha
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Youli Tian
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hengying Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Ping Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Changjie Yu
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Honggen Li
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China; School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China; School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chengxi Cao
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Saud S, Li G, Kong H, Khan MI, Qiang Z, Sun Y, Liu W, Ding C, Xiao H, Wang Y, Li H, Cao C. Identification of chicken meat quality via rapid array isoelectric focusing with extraction of hemoglobin and myoglobin in meat sample. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1128:121790. [PMID: 31525721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Isoelectric focusing (IEF) has been used for determination of meat quality with high stability analysis. However, it still suffered from time-consuming, laborious and cost-effective performances, e.g., 3 h protein extraction, more than 10 h rehydration time, 5-12 h focusing time, and imaging of protein band. To overcome these issues, a speedy extraction of colorful proteins was developed by controlling extraction and centrifugation of 0.2g sample within 10 min and 15 min respectively; a rapid analytical method was designed by using a quick array IEF with 25 min rehydration, 7 min focusing, 2 min online scanning and imaging of focused proteins. The total analytical time was well controlled within 1 h, significantly less than the traditional IEF time of 24 h. To demonstrate the proposed method, 18 chickens were classified into three groups, e.g., the normal slaughtering, death treatment underwater, and death with infection via the New castle disease (NDV) virus. The experiments demonstrated that two Mb bands with pI 6.8 and 7.4 were present in slaughtered chickens, while four other bands with pI 6.83, 6.95, 7.09, and 7.13 were observed in abnormal chicken. The additional four proteins bands were identified by western blot (WB) as hemoglobin proteins. Furthermore, array Immobilized pH Gradient (IPG) has high sensitivity (absolute LOD of Mb and Hb were 1.3 ng and 5.5 ng), fair stability (RSD values of 2.32%, 2.27%, and 1.69%) for slaughtered, drowned, NDV-infected chickens for intra-day and (2.94%, 1.66%, and 1.07%) for inter-days, and good recovery (100%, 98.25% and 99.75%). Finally, the developed method could be used for the identification of chicken meat quality with less time and small volume reagents consuming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Saud
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Kong
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Idrees Khan
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhang Qiang
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weiwen Liu
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Honggen Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Chengxi Cao
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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6
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Isoelectric focusing array with immobilized pH gradient and dynamic scanning imaging for diabetes diagnosis. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1063:178-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Saud S, Li G, Sun Y, Khan MI, Ur Rehman A, Uzzaman A, Liu W, Ding C, Xiao H, Wang Y, Cao C. A facile isoelectric focusing of myoglobin and hemoglobin used as markers for screening of chicken meat quality in China. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:2767-2774. [PMID: 31172555 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A novel analytical protocol was developed for general quality screening of chicken meat based on IEF and protein extraction. To demonstrate the developed protocol, 24 chickens were divided into three groups; each had eight chickens. The chickens in Group 1 were slaughtered by exsanguination, Group 2 asphyxiated in water, and that in Group 3 were infected by new castle disease virus. Proteins were extracted from the meat samples by using pure water as an extractant, separated by IEF, verified by western blot, and quantified via imaging analysis. The relevant experiments demonstrated that two myoglobin (Mb) bands were detected at pI 6.8 and 7.04 for all samples of Groups 1, 2, and 3, but there were additional hemoglobin (Hb) bands at pI 7.09 and 7.13 (P < 0.05) for the samples of Groups 2 and 3. The results implied that Hb bands might be a potential biomarker for the screening of chicken meat quality. The RSD values of two Mb bands (pI 6.8 and 7.04) in Group 1 were respectively 4.08 and 3.63%, the ones of two Hb bands (pI 7.09 and 7.13) in Group 2 were 3.66 and 2.10%, and those in Group 3 were 2.17% and 2.77%, respectively. All the RSD values indicated high stability and reliability of the developed protocol. Additionally, the protocol had a direct readout of protein bands in IEF without staining. However, it was time-consuming and had high cost. Even so, the relevant general method and finding have potential for screening of chicken meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Saud
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Idrees Khan
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ashfaq Ur Rehman
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Asad Uzzaman
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Weiwen Liu
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chengxi Cao
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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8
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Refinement of two-dimensional electrophoresis for vitreous proteome profiling using an artificial neural network. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:5115-5126. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01887-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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Dutta D. Broadening of analyte streams due to a transverse pressure gradient in free-flow isoelectric focusing. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1484:85-92. [PMID: 28081900 PMCID: PMC5316482 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-driven cross-flows can arise in free-flow isoelectric focusing systems (FFIEF) due to a non-uniform electroosmotic flow velocity along the channel width induced by the pH gradient in this direction. In addition, variations in the channel cross-section as well as unwanted differences in hydrostatic heads at the buffer/sample inlet ports can also lead to such pressure-gradients which besides altering the equilibrium position of the sample zones have a tendency to substantially broaden their widths deteriorating the separations. In this situation, a thorough assessment of stream broadening due to transverse pressure-gradients in FFIEF devices is necessary in order to establish accurate design rules for the assay. The present article describes a mathematical framework to estimate the noted zone dispersion in FFIEF separations based on the method-of-moments approach under laminar flow conditions. A closed-form expression has been derived for the spatial variance of the analyte streams at their equilibrium positions as a function of the various operating parameters governing the assay performance. This expression predicts the normalized stream variance under the chosen conditions to be determined by two dimensionless Péclet numbers evaluated based on the transverse pressure-driven and electrophoretic solute velocities in the separation chamber, respectively. Moreover, the analysis shows that while the stream width can be expected to increase with an increase in the value of the first Péclet number, the opposite trend will be followed with respect to the latter. The noted results have been validated using Monte Carlo simulations that also establish a time/length scale over which the predicted equilibrium stream width is attained in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, United States.
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Guo CG, Shang Z, Yan J, Li S, Li GQ, Liu RZ, Qing Y, Fan LY, Xiao H, Cao CX. A tunable isoelectric focusing via moving reaction boundary for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and proteomics. Talanta 2015; 137:197-203. [PMID: 25770625 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Routine native immobilized pH gradient isoelectric focusing (IPG-IEF) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) are still suffering from unfortunate reproducibility, poor resolution (caused by protein precipitation) and instability in characterization of intact protein isoforms and posttranslational modifications. Based on the concept of moving reaction boundary (MRB), we firstly proposed a tunable non-IPG-IEF system to address these issues. By choosing proper pairs of catholyte and anolyte, we could achieve desired cathodic and anodic migrating pH gradients in non-IPG-IEF system, effectively eliminating protein precipitation and uncertainty of quantitation existing in routine IEF and 2DE, and enhancing the resolution and sensitivity of IEF. Then, an adjustable 2DE system was developed by combining non-IPG-IEF with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The improved 2DE was evaluated by testing model proteins and colon cancer cell lysates. The experiments revealed that (i) a tunable pH gradient could be designed via MRB; (ii) up to 1.65 fold improvement of resolution was achieved via non-IPG-IEF; (iii) the sensitivity of developed techniques was increased up to 2.7 folds; and (iv) up to about 16.4% more protein spots could be observed via the adjustable 2DE as compared with routine one. The developed techniques might contribute to complex proteome research, especially for screening of biological marker and analysis of extreme acidic/alkaline proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Gang Guo
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhi Shang
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian Yan
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Si Li
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rong-Zhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ying Qing
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liu-Yin Fan
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Cheng-Xi Cao
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Naydenov CL, Kirazov EP, Mitev VI. Generalized Physicochemical Model for the Natural pH Gradient in Classic IEF. Chromatographia 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-014-2644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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