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Li L, Song YP, Ren DD, Li TX, Gao MH, Zhou L, Zeng ZC, Pu QA. A compact and high-performance setup of capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C 4D). Analyst 2024; 149:3034-3040. [PMID: 38624147 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00354c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) has the advantages of high throughput (simultaneous detection of multiple ions), high separation efficiency (higher than 105 theoretical plates) and rapid analysis capability (less than 5 min for common inorganic ions). A compact CE-C4D system is ideal for water quality control and on-site analysis. It is suitable not only for common cations (e.g. Na+, K+, Li+, NH4+, Ca2+, etc.) and anions (e.g. Cl-, SO42-, BrO3-, etc.) but also for some ions (e.g. lanthanide ions, Pb2+, Cd2+, etc.) that require complex derivatization procedures to be detected by ion chromatography (IC). However, an obvious limitation of the CE-C4D method is that its sensitivity (e.g. 0.3-1 μM for common inorganic ions) is often insufficient for trace analysis (e.g. 1 ppb or 20 nM level for common inorganic ions) without preconcentration. For this technology to become a powerful and routine analytical technique, the system should be made compact while maintaining trace analysis sensitivity. In this study, we developed an all-in-one version of the CE-C4D instrument with custom-made modular components to make it a convenient, compact and high-performance system. The system was designed using direct digital synthesis (DDS) technology to generate programmable sinusoidal waveforms with any frequency for excitation, a kilovolt high-voltage power supply for capillary electrophoresis separation, and an "effective" differential C4D cell with a low-noise circuitry for high-sensitivity detection. We characterized the system with different concentrations of Cs+, and even a low concentration of 20 nM was detectable without preconcentration. Moreover, the optimized CE-C4D setup was applied to analyse mixed ions at a trace concentration of 200 nM with excellent signal-to-noise ratios. In typical applications, the limits of detection based on the 3σ criterion (without baseline filtering) were 9, 10, 24, 5, and 12 nM for K+, Cs+, Li+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, respectively, and about 7, 6, 6 and 6 nM for Br-, ClO4-, BrO3- and SO42-, respectively. Finally, the setup was also applied for the analysis of all 14 lanthanide ions and rare-earth minerals, and it showed an improvement in sensitivity by more than 25 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Yun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Dou-Dou Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Tang-Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Ming-Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Zhi-Cong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Qi-Aosheng Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
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Li Z, Shen F, Mishra RK, Wang Z, Zhao X, Zhu Z. Advances of Drugs Electroanalysis Based on Direct Electrochemical Redox on Electrodes: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:269-314. [PMID: 35575782 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2072679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The strong development of mankind is inseparable from the proper use of drugs, and the electroanalytical research of drugs occupies an important position in the field of analytical chemistry. This review mainly elaborates the research progress of drugs electroanalysis based on direct electrochemical redox on various electrodes for the recent decade from 2011 to 2021. At first, we summarize some frequently used electrochemical data processing and electrochemical mechanism research derivation methods in the literature. Then, according to the drug therapeutic and application/usage purposes, the research progress of drugs electrochemical analysis is classified and discussed, where we focus on drugs electrochemical reaction mechanism. At the same time, the comparisons of electrochemical sensing performance of the drugs on various electrodes from recent studies are listed, so that readers can more intuitively compare and understand the electroanalytical sensing performance of each modified electrode for each of the drug. Finally, this review discusses the shortcomings and prospects of the drugs electroanalysis based on direct electrochemical redox research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhong Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Feichen Shen
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rupesh K Mishra
- Identify Sensors Biologics at Bindley Bioscience Center, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Zifeng Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueling Zhao
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Portable amperometric method for selective determination of caffeine in samples with the presence of interfering electroactive chemical species. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.116006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Kassahun GS, Griveau S, Bedioui F, Slim C. Input of Electroanalytical Methods for the Determination of Diclofenac: A Review of Recent Trends and Developments. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Getnet Sewnet Kassahun
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Sophie Griveau
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Fethi Bedioui
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Cyrine Slim
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
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Boumya W, Taoufik N, Achak M, Bessbousse H, Elhalil A, Barka N. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical, biological and water samples. TALANTA OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2020.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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6
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Moghtader M, Bahram M, Farhadi K. Derivative Linear Sweep Voltammetry and Discrete Wavelet Transform for the Simultaneous Determination of Codeine and Thebaine by Artificial Neural Networks. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Moghtader
- Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Urmia University Urmia Iran
| | - Morteza Bahram
- Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Urmia University Urmia Iran
| | - Khalil Farhadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Urmia University Urmia Iran
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Qiu X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li GH, Feng XS. Progress in pretreatment and analysis of organic Acids: An update since 2010. Food Chem 2021; 360:129977. [PMID: 34023712 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic acids, as an important component of food, have great influence on the flavor, texture, freshness of food. By lowering the pH of food to bacteriostatic acidity, organic acids are also used as additives and preservatives. Because organic acids are crucial to predict and evaluate food maturity, production and quality control, the rapid and sensitive determination methods of organic acids are necessary. This review aims to summarize and update the progress of the determination of organic acids in food samples. Pretreatment methods include simple steps (e.g., "dilute and shoot," protein precipitation, filtration, and centrifugation) and advanced microextraction methods (e.g., hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction, stir bar sorptive extraction and dispersive micro-solid phase extraction). Advances in novel materials (nanomaterial), solvents (ionic liquids and supercritical fluids) and hybrid methods are clearly displayed in detail. Continuous progress which has been made in electrochemical method, two-dimensional chromatography, high resolution mass is thoroughly illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021 China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021 China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Pratiwi R, Noviana E, Fauziati R, Carrão DB, Gandhi FA, Majid MA, Saputri FA. A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination. Molecules 2021; 26:800. [PMID: 33557168 PMCID: PMC7913935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Codeine is derived from morphine, an opioid analgesic, and has weaker analgesic and sedative effects than the parent molecule. This weak opioid is commonly used in combination with other drugs for over-the-counter cough relief medication. Due to the psychoactive properties of opioid drugs, the easily obtained codeine often becomes subject to misuse. Codeine misuse has emerged as a concerning public health issue due to its associated adverse effects such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and hemorrhage. Thus, it is very important to develop reliable analytical techniques to detect codeine for both quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and identifying drug misuse in the community. This review aims to provide critical outlooks on analytical methods applicable to the determination of codeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimadani Pratiwi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (R.F.); (F.A.G.); (M.A.M.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Eka Noviana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Rizky Fauziati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (R.F.); (F.A.G.); (M.A.M.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Daniel Blascke Carrão
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil;
| | - Firas Adinda Gandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (R.F.); (F.A.G.); (M.A.M.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Mutiara Aini Majid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (R.F.); (F.A.G.); (M.A.M.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Febrina Amelia Saputri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (R.F.); (F.A.G.); (M.A.M.); (F.A.S.)
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Electrochemical Behavior and Detection of Diclofenac at a Microporous Si3N4 Membrane Modified Water–1,6-dichlorohexane Interface System. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior when the liquid–liquid interface was modified by commercially available, microporous silicon nitride membrane, was achieved using cyclic voltammetry with tetramethyl ammonium. The transfer characteristics of the ionizable drug diclofenac ( DCF − ), as an anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, antipyretic, and analgesic treatment in common use in biomedical applications, were also investigated across microporous silicon nitride-modified liquid interface. Thus, some thermodynamic variables for DCF − , such as the standard Gibbs energy of transfer, the standard transfer potential and lipophilicity were estimated. Furthermore, the influence of possible interfering substances (ascorbic acid, sugar, amino acid, urea, and metal ions) on the detection of DCF − was investigated. An electrochemical DCF sensor is investigated using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) as the quantification technique, a linear range of 8–56 µM and a limit of detection of 1.5 µM was possible due to the miniaturized interfaces formed within silicon nitride.
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Santos AM, Silva TA, Vicentini FC, Fatibello-Filho O. Flow injection analysis system with electrochemical detection for the simultaneous determination of nanomolar levels of acetaminophen and codeine. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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11
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Costa-Rama E, Nouws H, Delerue-Matos C, Blanco-López M, Fernández-Abedul M. Preconcentration and sensitive determination of the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac on a paper-based electroanalytical platform. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1074:89-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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12
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Freitas JM, Oliveira TDC, Munoz RAA, Richter EM. Boron Doped Diamond Electrodes in Flow-Based Systems. Front Chem 2019; 7:190. [PMID: 31024886 PMCID: PMC6463006 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes present several notable properties, such as the largest potential window of all electrode materials (especially in anodic potentials), low background and capacitive currents, reduced fouling compared to other electrodes, mechanical robustness, and good stability over time. On the other hand, flow-based systems are known as well-established approaches to minimize reagent consumption and waste generation and with good compromise between sample throughput and analytical performance (mechanization of chemical assays). This review focuses on the use of BDD electrodes for electrochemical detection in flow systems, such as flow injection analysis (FIA), batch injection analysis (BIA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and capillary electrophoresis (CE). The discussion deals with the historical evolution of BDD, types of electrochemical pre-treatments (cathodically/H-terminated or anodically/O-terminated), cell configurations, and analytical performance. Articles are discussed in chronological order and subdivided according to the type of flow system: FIA, BIA, HPLC, and CE.
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13
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Sousa CP, Ribeiro FWP, Oliveira TMBF, Salazar‐Banda GR, de Lima‐Neto P, Morais S, Correia AN. Electroanalysis of Pharmaceuticals on Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrodes: A Review. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila P. Sousa
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química Centro de CiênciasUniversidade Federal do Ceará Bloco 940, Campus do Pici Pici Fortaleza CE 60440-900 Brazil
| | - Francisco W. P. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Formação de EducadoresUniversidade Federal do Cariri Rua Olegário Emídio de Araújo Centro 63260-000 Brejo Santo, CE Brazil
| | - Thiago M. B. F. Oliveira
- Centro de Ciência e TecnologiaUniversidade Federal do Cariri Av. Tenente Raimundo Rocha, Cidade Universitária 63048-080 Juazeiro do Norte, CE Brazil
| | - Giancarlo R. Salazar‐Banda
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa/ Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de ProcessosUniversidade Tiradentes 49032-490 Aracaju, SE Brazil
| | - Pedro de Lima‐Neto
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química Centro de CiênciasUniversidade Federal do Ceará Bloco 940, Campus do Pici Pici Fortaleza CE 60440-900 Brazil
| | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE-LAQVInstituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto Instituto Politécnico do Porto R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431
| | - Adriana N. Correia
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química Centro de CiênciasUniversidade Federal do Ceará Bloco 940, Campus do Pici Pici Fortaleza CE 60440-900 Brazil
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14
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Simultaneous determination of sinapic acid and tyrosol by flow-injection analysis with multiple-pulse amperometric detection. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Rocha DP, Cardoso RM, Tormin TF, de Araujo WR, Munoz RAA, Richter EM, Angnes L. Batch-injection Analysis Better than ever: New Materials for Improved Electrochemical Detection and On-site Applications. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego P. Rocha
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Rafael M. Cardoso
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Thiago F. Tormin
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - William R. de Araujo
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748 - 05508-000 São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. A. Munoz
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. Richter
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748 - 05508-000 São Paulo, SP Brazil
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Bavol D, Economou A, Zima J, Barek J, Dejmkova H. Simultaneous determination of tert-butylhydroquinone, propyl gallate, and butylated hydroxyanisole by flow-injection analysis with multiple-pulse amperometric detection. Talanta 2018; 178:231-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Mofidi Z, Norouzi P, Sajadian M, Ganjali MR. Simultaneous extraction and determination of trace amounts of diclofenac from whole blood using supported liquid membrane microextraction and fast Fourier transform voltammetry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1644-1650. [PMID: 29350466 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel, simple, and inexpensive analytical technique based on flat sheet supported liquid membrane microextraction coupled with fast Fourier transform stripping cyclic voltammetry on a reduced graphene oxide carbon paste electrode was used for the extraction and online determination of diclofenac in whole blood. First, diclofenac was extracted from blood samples using a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane impregnated with 1-octanol and then into an acceptor solution, subsequently it was oxidized on a carbon paste electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide nanosheets. The optimal values of the key parameters influencing the method were as follows: scan rate, 6 V/s; stripping potential, 200 mV; stripping time, 5 s; pH of the sample solution, 5; pH of the acceptor solution,7; and extraction time, 240 min. The calibration curves were plotted for the whole blood samples and the method was found to have a good linearity within the range of 1-25 μg/mL with a determination coefficient of 0.99. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.1 and 1.0 μg/mL, respectively. Using this coupled method, the extraction and determination were merged into one step. Accordingly, the speed of detection for sensitive determination of diclofenac in complex samples, such as blood, increased considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mofidi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Norouzi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masumeh Sajadian
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hasanpour F, Taei M, Tahmasebi S. Ultra-sensitive electrochemical sensing of acetaminophen and codeine in biological fluids using CuO/CuFe 2O 4 nanoparticles as a novel electrocatalyst. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:879-886. [PMID: 29567260 PMCID: PMC9322220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper ferrite–copper oxide (CuO-CuFe2O4) nanoparticles as a semiconductor composite with p–n junction were synthesized by co-precipitation reaction. Then, a novel CuO-CuFe2O4 carbon paste modified electrode was fabricated which displays an effectual electrocatalytic response to the oxidation of acetaminophen (AC) and codeine (CO). A linear range of 0.01–1.5 μmol L−1 and 0.06–10.0 μmol L−1 with the detection limits of 0.007 μmol L−1 and 0.01 μmol L−1 were achieved for AC and CO, respectively. The practical usage of the proposed sensor revealed reasonable results for quantification of AC and CO in biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masoumeh Taei
- Chemistry Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran 19395-3697, Iran
| | - Somayeh Tahmasebi
- Chemistry Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran 19395-3697, Iran
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Nguyen T, Vu T, Anquetin G, Tran H, Reisberg S, Noël V, Mattana G, Nguyen Q, Dai Lam T, Pham M, Piro B. Enzyme-less electrochemical displacement heterogeneous immunosensor for diclofenac detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 97:246-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Liu Y, Wang W, Jia M, Liu R, Liu Q, Xiao H, Li J, Xue Y, Wang Y, Yan C. Recent advances in microscale separation. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:8-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Jia
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Rangdong Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Unimicro (shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd.; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
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Walash MI, Ibrahim F, Abo El Abass S. Development and Validation of HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Famotidine, Paracetamol and Diclofenac in their Raw Materials and Pharmaceutical Formulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2017.1353921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I. Walash
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Fawzia Ibrahim
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Samah Abo El Abass
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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22
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Marra MC, Cunha RR, Muñoz RAA, Batista AD, Richter EM. Single-run capillary electrophoresis method for the fast simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, clavulanate, and potassium. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3557-3562. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C. Marra
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Rafael R. Cunha
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
| | | | - Alex D. Batista
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. Richter
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
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23
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Orlandini S, Pasquini B, Caprini C, Del Bubba M, Squarcialupi L, Colotta V, Furlanetto S. A comprehensive strategy in the development of a cyclodextrin-modified microemulsion electrokinetic chromatographic method for the assay of diclofenac and its impurities: Mixture-process variable experiments and quality by design. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1466:189-98. [PMID: 27623066 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive strategy involving the use of mixture-process variable (MPV) approach and Quality by Design principles has been applied in the development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous determination of the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac and its five related substances. The selected operative mode consisted in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with the addition of methyl-β-cyclodextrin. The critical process parameters included both the mixture components (MCs) of the microemulsion and the process variables (PVs). The MPV approach allowed the simultaneous investigation of the effects of MCs and PVs on the critical resolution between diclofenac and its 2-deschloro-2-bromo analogue and on analysis time. MPV experiments were used both in the screening phase and in the Response Surface Methodology, making it possible to draw MCs and PVs contour plots and to find important interactions between MCs and PVs. Robustness testing was carried out by MPV experiments and validation was performed following International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines. The method was applied to a real sample of diclofenac gastro-resistant tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Orlandini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - B Pasquini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - C Caprini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - M Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - L Squarcialupi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - V Colotta
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - S Furlanetto
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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24
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Shah I, Barker J, Naughton DP, Barton SJ, Ashraf SS. Determination of diclofenac concentrations in human plasma using a sensitive gas chromatography mass spectrometry method. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:52. [PMID: 27540412 PMCID: PMC4989500 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) method for the determination of diclofenac in human plasma has been developed and validated. Results This method utilizes hexane which is a relatively less toxic extraction solvent compared to heptane and benzene. In addition, phosphoric acid and acetone were added to the samples as deproteination agents, which increased the recovery of diclofenac. These revised processes allow clean extraction and near-quantitative recovery of analyte (approx. 89–95 %). Separation was achieved on a BP-1 column with helium as carrier gas. The molecular ion peaks of the indolinone derivatives of diclofenac ion (m/z 277) and the internal standard, 4-hydroxydiclofenac ion (m/z 439) were monitored by a mass-selective detector using selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The linear range for the newly developed and highly sensitive assay was between 0.25–50 ng/mL. The detection and lower quantifiable limits were 0.125 and 0.25 ng/mL, respectively. The inter-day and intra-day coefficients of variation for high, medium and low quality control concentrations were less than 9 %. The robustness and efficacy of this sensitive GCMS method was further demonstrated by using it for a pharmacokinetic study of an oral dosage form of diclofenac, 100 mg of modified-release capsules (Rhumalgan XL), in human plasma. Conclusions This method is rapid, sensitive, specific, reproducible and robust, and offers improved sensitivity over previous methods. This method has considerable potential to be used for detailed pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and bioequivalence studies of diclofenac in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iltaf Shah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - James Barker
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE UK
| | - Declan P Naughton
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE UK
| | - Stephen J Barton
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE UK
| | - Syed Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
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25
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Pereira PF, da Silva WP, Muñoz RAA, Richter EM. A simple and fast batch injection analysis method for simultaneous determination of phenazopyridine, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim on boron-doped diamond electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Beutner A, Cunha RR, Richter EM, Matysik FM. Combining C4
D and MS as a dual detection approach for capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:931-5. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Beutner
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors; Regensburg Germany
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27
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Mokhtari A, Jafari Delouei N, Keyvanfard M, Abdolhosseini M. Multiway analysis applied to time-resolved chemiluminescence for simultaneous determination of paracetamol and codeine in pharmaceuticals. LUMINESCENCE 2016; 31:1267-76. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mokhtari
- Department of Science; Golestan University; Gorgan Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Keyvanfard
- Department of Chemistry; Majlesi Branch, Islamic Azad University; Isfahan Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdolhosseini
- Department of Water Engineering; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Islamic Republic of Iran
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28
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Agustini D, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH. Low cost microfluidic device based on cotton threads for electroanalytical application. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:345-52. [PMID: 26659997 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01348h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are an interesting alternative for performing analytical assays, due to the speed of analyses, reduced sample, reagent and solvent consumption and less waste generation. However, the high manufacturing costs still prevent the massive use of these devices worldwide. Here, we present the construction of a low cost microfluidic thread-based electroanalytical device (μTED), employing extremely cheap materials and a manufacturing process free of equipment. The microfluidic channels were built with cotton threads and the estimated cost per device was only $0.39. The flow of solutions (1.12 μL s(-1)) is generated spontaneously due to the capillary forces, eliminating the use of any pumping system. To demonstrate the analytical performance of the μTED, a simultaneous determination of acetaminophen (ACT) and diclofenac (DCF) was performed by multiple pulse amperometry (MPA). A linear dynamic range (LDR) of 10 to 320 μmol L(-1) for both species, a limit of detection (LOD) and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 1.4 and 4.7 μmol L(-1) and 2.5 and 8.3 μmol L(-1) for ACT and DCF, respectively, as well as an analytical frequency of 45 injections per hour were reached. Thus, the proposed device has shown potential to extend the use of microfluidic analytical devices, due to its simplicity, low cost and good analytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deonir Agustini
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Márcio F Bergamini
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Humberto Marcolino-Junior
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
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29
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Freitas JM, Oliveira TDC, Gimenes DT, Munoz RAA, Richter EM. Simultaneous determination of three species with a single-injection step using batch injection analysis with multiple pulse amperometric detection. Talanta 2016; 146:670-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Madrakian T, Fazl F, Ahmadi M, Afkhami A. Efficient solid phase extraction of codeine from human urine samples using a novel magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoadsorbent and its spectrofluorometric determination. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01588j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
From a medical or clinical point of view, to assess toxicity, adverse effects, interactions and therapeutic efficiency, monitoring drug levels in body fluids, such as urine and plasma, has become increasingly necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fariba Fazl
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bu-Ali Sina University
- Hamedan
- Iran
| | | | - Abbas Afkhami
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bu-Ali Sina University
- Hamedan
- Iran
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31
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Okoth OK, Yan K, Liu L, Zhang J. Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Paracetamol and Diclofenac Based on Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Functionalized Graphene. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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Stanković DM, Kalcher K. The Immunosuppressive drug – Rapamycin – Electroanalytical Sensing Using Boron- Doped Diamond electrode. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Cunha RR, Chaves SC, Ribeiro MMAC, Torres LMFC, Muñoz RAA, Santos WTPD, Richter EM. Simultaneous determination of caffeine, paracetamol, and ibuprofen in pharmaceutical formulations by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection and by capillary electrophoresis with conductivity detection. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1657-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R. Cunha
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Av. João Naves de Ávila 2121 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | | | - Michelle M. A. C. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Av. João Naves de Ávila 2121 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Lívia M. F. C. Torres
- Departamento de Farmácia; Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Rodovia MGT 367 - Km 583 5000 Diamantina MG Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. A. Muñoz
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Av. João Naves de Ávila 2121 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Wallans T. P. Dos Santos
- Departamento de Farmácia; Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; Rodovia MGT 367 - Km 583 5000 Diamantina MG Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. Richter
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Av. João Naves de Ávila 2121 Uberlândia MG Brazil
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34
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A new sensitive sensor for simultaneous differential pulse voltammetric determination of codeine and acetaminophen using a hydroquinone derivative and multiwall carbon nanotubes carbon paste electrode. Int J Anal Chem 2015; 2015:783157. [PMID: 25945094 PMCID: PMC4402475 DOI: 10.1155/2015/783157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A new sensitive sensor was fabricated for simultaneous determination of codeine and acetaminophen based on 4-hydroxy-2-(triphenylphosphonio)phenolate (HTP) and multiwall carbon nanotubes paste electrode at trace levels. The sensitivity of codeine determination was deeply affected by spiking multiwall carbon nanotubes and a modifier in carbon paste. Electron transfer coefficient, α, catalytic electron rate constant, k, and the exchange current density, j 0, for oxidation of codeine at the HTP-MWCNT-CPE were calculated using cyclic voltammetry. The calibration curve was linear over the range 0.2-844.7 μM with two linear segments, and the detection limit of 0.063 μM of codeine was obtained using differential pulse voltammetry. The modified electrode was separated codeine and acetaminophen signals by differential pulse voltammetry. The modified electrode was applied for the determination of codeine and acetaminophen in biological and pharmaceutical samples with satisfactory results.
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35
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Aturki Z, Rocco A, Rocchi S, Fanali S. Current applications of miniaturized chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques in drug analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 101:194-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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36
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Kubáň P, Hauser PC. Contactless conductivity detection for analytical techniques-Developments from 2012 to 2014. Electrophoresis 2014; 36:195-211. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Peter C. Hauser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
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37
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Machado Freitas J, da Costa Oliveira T, Silva PL, Tofanello Gimenes D, Abarza Munoz RA, Richter EM. Development of a Simple and Fast Electrochemical Method for Screening and Stoichiometric Determination of Dimenhydrinate. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Elbashir AA, Aboul-Enein HY. Recent applications and developments of capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) in capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1502-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla A. Elbashir
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department; University of Khartoum; PO Box 321 Khartoum 11115 Sudan
| | - Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; National Research Centre; Dokki Cairo 12311 Egypt
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39
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Montes RHO, Marra MC, Rodrigues MM, Richter EM, Muñoz RAA. Fast Determination of Ciprofloxacin by Batch Injection Analysis with Amperometric Detection and Capillary Electrophoresis with Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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40
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Pereira PF, Marra MC, Cunha RR, da Silva WP, Munoz RAA, Richter EM. Two simple and fast electrochemical methods for simultaneous determination of promethazine and codeine. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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