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Domingo MG, Nalli GA, Tasat DR, Olmedo DG. Exfoliated oral mucosa cells as bioindicators of short- and long-term systemic titanium contamination. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 76:127114. [PMID: 36516572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans are exposed to exogenous sources of titanium-containing particles that can enter the body mainly by inhalation, ingestion, or dermal absorption. Given the widespread use of biomaterials in medicine, the surface of a titanium (Ti) biomedical device is a potential endogenous source of Ti ions and/or Ti-containing particles, such as TiO2 micro-(MPs) and nano-particles (NPs), resulting from biotribocorrosion processes. Ti ions or Ti-containing particles may deposit in epithelial cells of the oral mucosa, and the latter may therefore serve as bioindicators of short and long-term systemic Ti contamination. The aim of the present study was to histologically and quantitatively evaluate the presence of Ti traces in cells exfoliated from the oral mucosa as possible bioindicators of systemic contamination with this metal at short and long-term experimental time points METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with a suspension of titanium dioxide (TiO2) (0.16 g/100 g body weight of TiO2 in 5 ml of NaCl 0.9%) using 5 nm NPs (Group: TiO2-NP5; n = 10), 45 µm MPs (Group: TiO2-MP45; n = 10), or vehicle alone (Control group; n = 10). At one and six months post-injection, right-cheek mucosa cells were obtained by exfoliative cytology using a cytobrush; they were spray fixed and stained using Safranin or the Papanicolaou technique. The smears were cytologically evaluated (light microscopy) to determine the presence of particulate material, which was also analyzed microchemically (SEM-EDS). Left-cheek mucosa cells were similarly obtained and re-suspended in 5 ml of PBS (pH: 7.2-7.4); the samples corresponding to each group were pooled together and analyzed spectrometrically (ICP-MS) to determine Ti concentration in each of the studied groups. Blood samples were obtained for histological determination of the presence of particulate material on Safranin-stained blood smears and determination of plasma concentration of Ti by ICP-MS RESULTS: Different size and shape metal-like particles were observed inside and outside epithelial cells in TiO2-NP5 and TiO2-MP45 cytological smears at both one and six months post-injection. EDS analysis showed the presence of Ti in the particles. ICP-MS revealed higher Ti concentrations in both TiO2 injected groups compared to the control group. In addition, Ti concentration did not vary with time or particle size. Monocytes containing particles were observed in blood smears of TiO2-exposed animals one- and six-months post-injection. Plasma levels of Ti were significantly higher in TiO2-NP5- and TiO2-MP45- exposed animals than in controls (p < 0.05), and Ti concentration was significantly higher at one month than at six months in both TiO2-exposed groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Cells exfoliated from the oral mucosa could be used as bioindicators of short- and long-term systemic contamination with Ti. Exfoliative cytology could be used as a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive diagnostic method for monitoring biotribocorrosion of Ti implants and patient clinical follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Gisele Domingo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina, M. T. de Alvear 2142, 2° A, C1122AAH Buenos Aires, Argentina; Becario de Investigación de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gabriela Alejandra Nalli
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Estomatología, Buenos Aires, Argentina, M. T. de Alvear 2142, 2° A, C1122AAH Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Deborah Ruth Tasat
- Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, UNSAM Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, B1650HMN Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Instituto de Tecnologías Emergentes y Ciencias Aplicadas (ITECA), San Martín, Buenos Aires, UNSAM Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, B1650HMN Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología, Buenos Aires, Argentina, M. T. de Alvear 2142, 2° A, C1122AAH Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Daniel Gustavo Olmedo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina, M. T. de Alvear 2142, 2° A, C1122AAH Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Sullivan MG, Sokolow GE, Jensen ET, Crawley MR, MacMillan SN, Cook TR. Altering the solubility of metal-organic polyhedra via pendant functionalization of Cp 3Zr 3O(OH) 3 nodes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:338-346. [PMID: 36510835 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03401h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of zirconium-based metal-organic polyhedra (ZrMOPs) is often limited by their poor solubilities. Despite their attractive features-including high yielding and facile syntheses, predictable topologies, high stability, and tunability-problematic solubilities have caused ZrMOPs to be under-studied and under-applied. Although these cages have been synthesized with a wide variety of carboxylate-based bridging ligands, we explored a new method for ZrMOP functionalization via node-modification, which we hypothesized could influence solubility. Herein, we report ZrMOPs with benzyl-, vinylbenzyl-, and trifluoromethylbenzyl-pendant groups decorating cyclopentadienyl moieties. The series was characterized by 1H/19F NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The effects of node functionalities on ZrMOP solubility were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Substitution caused a decrease in water solubility, but for certain organic solvents, e.g. DMF, solubility could be enhanced by ∼20×, from 16 μM for the unfunctionalized cage to 310 μM for the vinylbenzyl- and trifluoromethylbenzyl-cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan G Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Gregory E Sokolow
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Eric T Jensen
- Chemistry Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Matthew R Crawley
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Timothy R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
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Kumar S, Maji S, Sundararajan K. Method to Eliminate Fluoride Interference in the Spectrophotometric Estimation of Zirconium: Application to U-Zr Alloys. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 76:635-643. [PMID: 35188410 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221085318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the estimation of Zr using the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometric technique, fluoride interference is a decade-old unsolved problem. The process of repeated fuming with strong acids is often used to remove fluoride from the solution in order to estimate Zr using spectrophotometry analysis. For the first time, in this work, a simple use of AlCl3 is reported as a suppressing reagent to eliminate the interference of fluoride in the estimation of Zr. Xylenol orange in HCl medium is used as a complexing reagent. Linearity in the datum acquired from absorbance at 551 nm (λmax) is achieved over the concentration range 0.25-4.5 µg mL-1 of Zr with a molar absorptivity of 35<thinsp>030 L·mol-1·cm-1 and Sandell's sensitivity of 0.003 µg·cm-2. Zr is quantified in the variety of U-Zr alloys and various water samples using spectrophotometric detection with a classical univariate calibration with suppressing of fluoride interference through AlCl3. Results from this novel analytical method herein developed for the first time are compared with those achieved from gravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satendra Kumar
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, 29937Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Siuli Maji
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, 29937Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India
| | - Kalyansundaram Sundararajan
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, 29937Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Mat-Baharin NH, Razali M, Mohd-Said S, Syarif J, Muchtar A. Influence of alloying elements on cellular response and in-vitro corrosion behavior of titanium-molybdenum-chromium alloys for implant materials. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 64:490-497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Salivary Levels of Titanium, Nickel, Vanadium, and Arsenic in Patients Treated with Dental Implants: A Case-Control Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051264. [PMID: 32349296 PMCID: PMC7288178 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent articles have hypothesized a possible correlation between dental implants dissolution products and peri-implantitis. The null hypothesis tested in this case-control study was that there would be no differences in salivary concentrations of titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni) and arsenic (As) ions among patients with dental implants, healthy (Group A) or affected by peri-implantitis (Group B), compared to subjects without implants and/or metallic prosthetic restorations (Group C). Methods: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to analyze saliva samples. One-way repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify statistically significant differences in the salivary level of Ti, V, Ni and As between the three groups. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study (42 males and 58 females), distributed in three groups: 50 patients in Group C, 26 patients in Group B and 24 patients Group B. In our study, concentrations of metallic ions were higher in Group A and B, compared to the control group, with the exception of vanadium. However, there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) for metallic ions concentrations between Group A and Group B. Conclusions: Based on our results, there are no differences in titanium or other metals concentrations in saliva of patients with healthy or diseased implants.
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Gui J, Huang C, Yuan J, Huang Q, Long F, Ma A, Pan J. Handy cloud point extraction coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for analysis of trace zirconium in complex biological samples. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Souza VS, Teixeira LS, Bezerra MA. Application of multivariate designs in the development of a method for vanadium determination in natural waters by HR-CS GF AAS after cloud-point extraction. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Silva AH, Locatelli C, Filho UP, Gomes BF, de Carvalho Júnior RM, de Gois JS, Borges DL, Creczynski-Pasa TB. Visceral fat increase and signals of inflammation in adipose tissue after administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mice. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 33:147-158. [PMID: 26655915 DOI: 10.1177/0748233715613224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NP) are present in several daily use products, and the risks associated with their bioaccumulation must be stablished. Thus, an evaluation of several toxicological-related effects was conducted after intraperitoneal injection of TiO2 NPs in mice. Mice were divided into two groups, which received 2 mg kg-1 day-1 of TiO2 NPs or vehicle saline. Assessments of body and organ weight as well as biochemical, hematological, and histopathological analyses were performed in order to evaluate adverse effects. The results showed that treatment resulted in an increased visceral and abdominal fat deposition, as well as a mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates in the abdominal fat tissue. The TiO2 NPs induced significant decrease in the weight gain and splenomegaly. Additionally, TiO2 NP-treated mice showed altered hematological parameters and significant liver injuries, which were characterized by histopathological and biochemical changes. Our results also indicated that TiO2 NPs were absorbed and significantly accumulated in the spleen, liver, and kidney. These results showed the ability of TiO2 NPs to infiltrate different organs and to induce inflammation and liver and spleen damage with visceral fat accumulation. The data obtained are useful for the governmental authorities to legislate and implement regulations concerning the use and the production of this kind of material that might be hazardous to the living beings, as well as to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adny H Silva
- 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | | | | | - Bruna F Gomes
- 4 Instituto de Química de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Jefferson S de Gois
- 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Daniel Lg Borges
- 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
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Niemiec MJ, De Samber B, Garrevoet J, Vergucht E, Vekemans B, De Rycke R, Björn E, Sandblad L, Wellenreuther G, Falkenberg G, Cloetens P, Vincze L, Urban CF. Trace element landscape of resting and activated human neutrophils on the sub-micrometer level. Metallomics 2016; 7:996-1010. [PMID: 25832493 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00346b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Every infection is a battle for trace elements. Neutrophils migrate first to the infection site and accumulate quickly to high numbers. They fight pathogens by phagocytosis and intracellular toxication. Additionally, neutrophils form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to inhibit extracellular microbes. Yet, neutrophil trace element characteristics are largely unexplored. We investigated unstimulated and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated neutrophils using synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) on the sub-micron spatial resolution level. PMA activates pinocytosis, cytoskeletal rearrangements and the release of NETs, all mechanisms deployed by neutrophils to combat infection. By analyzing Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, P, S, and Ca, not only the nucleus but also vesicular granules were identifiable in the elemental maps. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed a neutrophil-specific composition of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn in comparison with J774 and HeLa cells, indicating a neutrophil-specific metallome complying with their designated functions. When investigating PMA-activated neutrophils, the SR-XRF analysis depicted typical subcellular morphological changes: the transformation of nucleus and granules and the emergence of void vacuoles. Mature NETs were evenly composed of Fe, P, S, and Ca with occasional hot spots containing Zn, Fe, and Ca. An ICP-MS-based quantification of NET supernatants revealed a NETosis-induced decrease of soluble Zn, whereas Fe, Cu, and Mn concentrations were only slightly affected. In summary, we present a combination of SR-XRF and ICP-MS as a powerful tool to analyze trace elements in human neutrophils. The approach will be applicable and valuable to numerous aspects of nutritional immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Niemiec
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/MIMS, Umeå University, Sweden.
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Golasik M, Herman M, Piekoszewski W. Toxicological aspects of soluble titanium – a review of in vitro and in vivo studies. Metallomics 2016; 8:1227-1242. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00110f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Martín-Cameán A, Jos A, Puerto M, Calleja A, Iglesias-Linares A, Solano E, Cameán AM. In vivo determination of aluminum, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel, titanium and vanadium in oral mucosa cells from orthodontic patients with mini-implants by Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 32:13-20. [PMID: 26302907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Miniscrews are used as orthodontic anchorage devices in the dentistry clinical practice but the in vivo metallic release from these structures has been not previously investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the content of Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Ti and V in oral mucosa cells of control subjects, patients under orthodontic treatment and with both, orthodontic treatment and miniscrew, in order to know the contribution of these mini-implants to the total metallic content. ICP-MS measurements revealed the following ascending order: Cr<Ni<Ti<Cu<Al, and Co and V were practically undetected. Significant differences in comparison to the control group were found for Cu in the orthodontic group, and for Ni in both, orthodontic and orthodontic+miniscrew groups. Potential correlations among metallic elements and with some clinical factors were also explored. These findings suggest that miniscrews do not increase significantly the metal release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martín-Cameán
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Angeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Puerto
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Calleja
- Investigation, Technology and Innovation Center, University of Seville, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Solano
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Ana M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain.
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Martín-Cameán A, Jos A, Cameán AM, Solano E, Iglesias-Linares A. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects and gene expression changes induced by fixed orthodontic appliances in oral mucosa cells of patients: a systematic review. Toxicol Mech Methods 2015; 25:440-7. [PMID: 26156198 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2015.1062951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The accumulation of chronic or severe acute DNA and cellular damage in oral mucosa cells is one of the main factors that help initiate a wide range of malignant lesions in the oral cavity. There has been considerable controversy in the literature about the effect of such sustained genotoxic and cytotoxic damage to oral mucosa cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review, reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, is to investigate the effects of such interventions. METHODS Electronic and manual searches were performed (15 May 2015) for Randomized Clinical Trials/quasi-Randomized Clinical Trials that analyzed the genotoxic/cytotoxic effects of these types of oral appliances in humans. A primary outcome (cell/DNA damage) and a number of secondary outcomes were examined. Two reviewers carried out the study selection and performed a "risk of bias" assessment [Cochrane Collaboration's tool]. Wherever possible the meta-analysis was conducted on homogenous groups. RESULTS From the electronic search (2797), 6 studies met the eligibility criteria. Most studies (5/6) observed significant differences in most comparisons at the short-term (1-3 months) and long-term (24-48 months) evaluations, with respect to critically acute genotoxic/cytotoxic effects. Some of the studies (2/3) concluded that the post-removable effects at DNA/cellular levels were not significant (p > 0.05) with respect to the controls. CONCLUSIONS Acute DNA/cellular damage in oral mucosa cells is induced by orthodontic appliances. Nevertheless, even though these effects were no longer detected after removing the appliances, more rigorous RCTs are needed to explore the extent to which acquired damage can be observed in the oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martín-Cameán
- a Department of Stomatology , School of Dentistry, University of Seville , Seville , Spain
| | - Angeles Jos
- b Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Seville , Seville , Spain , and
| | - Ana M Cameán
- b Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Seville , Seville , Spain , and
| | - Enrique Solano
- a Department of Stomatology , School of Dentistry, University of Seville , Seville , Spain
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Martín-Cameán A, Jos Á, Mellado-García P, Iglesias-Linares A, Solano E, Cameán AM. In vitro and in vivo evidence of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of metal ions released by orthodontic appliances: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:86-113. [PMID: 26093195 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Intraoral fixed orthodontic appliances are frequently used in the clinical practice of dentistry. They are made from alloys containing different metals at various percentages. The use of these appliances leads to the long-term exposure of patients to these materials, and the potential toxic effects of this exposure raises concerns about patient safety. Thus, the biocompatibility (corrosion behaviour and toxicity) of these materials has to be evaluated prior to clinical use. In the present report, the most recent studies in the scientific literature examining metal ion release from orthodontic appliances and the toxic effects of these ions have been reviewed with a special focus on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Previous studies suggest that a case-by-case safety evaluation is required to take into account the increasing variability of materials, their composition and the manufacturing processes. Moreover, in vivo toxicity studies in regard to metal release, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity are still scarce. Therefore, in vitro and in vivo monitoring studies are needed to establish cause-effect relationships between metal ion release and biomarkers of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Further investigations could be performed to elucidate the toxic mechanisms involved in the observed effects with a special emphasis on oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martín-Cameán
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Ángeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Enrique Solano
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Spain
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Martín-Cameán A, Puerto M, Jos Á, Azqueta A, Iglesias-Linares A, Solano E, Cameán AM. Preliminary study of genotoxicity evaluation of orthodontic miniscrews on mucosa oral cells by the alkaline comet assay. Toxicol Mech Methods 2015; 25:487-93. [PMID: 26062010 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2015.1053652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Miniscrew implants are widely used nowadays in orthodontic treatments due to their good results in clinical practice. However, data regarding the biocompatibility of commercially available orthodontic miniscrews and temporary devices are very scarce, and their role as genotoxicity inducers has been not previously evaluated with the alkaline comet assay. The aim of this study was to investigate the DNA damage in buccal cells of patients subjected to orthodontic treatments. The alkaline comet assay has been applied in oral mucosa cells from patients treated with conventional orthodontic treatment in comparison to patients treated additionally with miniscrews, non-treated volunteers (control) and smoking volunteers (positive control). The application of orthodontic appliances and miniscrews induced significant and similar (2-fold) increases of %DNA in tail in comparison to control group. Females experienced a significant increase in %DNA in all the treatments in comparison to the control group, whereas males showed significant damage only with the combined orthodontic and miniscrew treatment. In conclusion, conventional orthodontic appliances induced genotoxicity, and the incorporation of miniscrews assayed did not imply any additional increase of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martín-Cameán
- a Stomatology Department , School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - María Puerto
- b Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Ángeles Jos
- b Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Navarra , Navarra , Spain , and
| | | | - Enrique Solano
- a Stomatology Department , School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Ana M Cameán
- b Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
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Martín-Cameán A, Molina-Villalba I, Jos A, Iglesias-Linares A, Solano E, Cameán AM, Gil F. Biomonitorization of chromium, copper, iron, manganese and nickel in scalp hair from orthodontic patients by atomic absorption spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:759-771. [PMID: 24632012 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to assess Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn and Ni levels in human scalp hair from a broad population group treated with orthodontic appliances (n=70) to determine, whether the concentration of a given metal was significantly influenced by the orthodontic treatment in comparison to control group (n=56). Levels of metal compounds were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean, ranges, median and 5th and 95th percentiles of metals analyzed in hair that were hypothesized to be systemically absorbed from stainless steel, are provided. The influence of individual factors on metal concentrations was considered (gender, age), and inter-element interactions were studied by evaluation of correlation coefficients between elements, as well as by multiple regression analysis. Differences in the content of metals in hair were only significantly increased for Mn when compared to the control group, but their levels were of the same magnitude to other control populations, and consequently, no risks linked to the treatment have been found. The orthodontic treatment increased significantly Mn levels in young patients (<20 years old) when compared with control group. Scalp hair analysis is a good method to investigate the release of the elements from fixed orthodontic appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martín-Cameán
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Isabel Molina-Villalba
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Angeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Solano
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Ana M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Gil
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain.
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