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Lin H, Li B, Guo J, Mai X, Yu H, Pan W, Wu B, Liu W, Zhong M, Liao T, Zhang Y, Situ B, Yan X, Liu Y, Liu C, Zheng L. Simultaneous detection of membrane protein and mRNA at single extracellular vesicle level by droplet microfluidics for cancer diagnosis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00369-2. [PMID: 39197817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Simultaneous detection of proteins and mRNA within a single extracellular vesicle (EV) enables comprehensive analysis of specific EVs subpopulations, significantly advancing cancer diagnostics. However, developing a sensitive and user-friendly approach for simultaneously detecting multidimensional biomarkers in single EV is still challenging. OBJECTIVES To facilitate the analysis of multidimensional biomarkers in EVs and boost its clinical application, we present a versatile droplet digital system facilitating the concurrent detection of membrane proteins and mRNA at the single EV level with high sensitivity and specificity. METHODS The antibody-DNA conjugates were firstly prepared for EVs protein biomarkers recognition and signal transformation. Coupling with the assembled triplex droplet digital PCR system, a versatile droplet digital analysis assay for simultaneous detection of membrane protein and mRNA at a single EV level was developed. RESULTS Our new droplet digital system displayed high sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, its clinical application was validated in a breast cancer cohort. As expected, this assay has demonstrated superior performance in distinguishing breast cancer from healthy individuals and benign controls through combined detection of EVs protein and mRNA markers compared to any single kind marker detections, especially for patients with breast cancer at early stage (AUC=0.9229). CONCLUSION Consequently, this study proposes a promising strategy for accurately identifying and analyzing specific EV subgroups through the co-detection of proteins and mRNA at the single EV level, holding significant potential for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingyun Guo
- Breast Center, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xueying Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weilun Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bodeng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tong Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bo Situ
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Medical Research Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Chunchen Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Padinharayil H, George A. Small extracellular vesicles: Multi-functional aspects in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 198:104341. [PMID: 38575042 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) impact normal and pathological cellular signaling through bidirectional trafficking. Exosomes, a subset of EVs possess biomolecules including proteins, lipids, DNA fragments and various RNA species reflecting a speculum of their parent cells. The involvement of exosomes in bidirectional communication and their biological constituents substantiate its role in regulating both physiology and pathology, including multiple cancers. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancers (85%) with high incidence, mortality and reduced overall survival. Lack of efficient early diagnostic and therapeutic tools hurdles the management of NSCLC. Interestingly, the exosomes from body fluids similarity with parent cells or tissue offers a potential future multicomponent tool for the early diagnosis of NSCLC. The structural twinning of exosomes with a cell/tissue and the competitive tumor derived exosomes in tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes the unpinning horizons of exosomes as a drug delivery, vaccine, and therapeutic agent. Exosomes in clinical point of view assist to trace: acquired resistance caused by various therapeutic agents, early diagnosis, progression, and surveillance. In an integrated approach, EV biomarkers offer potential cutting-edge techniques for the detection and diagnosis of cancer, though the purification, characterization, and biomarker identification processes for the translational research regarding EVs need further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Padinharayil
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur-05, Kerala, India
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur-05, Kerala, India.
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Yasamineh S, Nikben N, Hamed Ahmed M, Abdul Kareem R, Kadhim Al-Aridhy A, Hosseini Hooshiar M. Increasing the sensitivity and accuracy of detecting exosomes as biomarkers for cancer monitoring using optical nanobiosensors. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:189. [PMID: 38816782 PMCID: PMC11138050 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The advancement of nanoscience and material design in recent times has facilitated the creation of point-of-care devices for cancer diagnosis and biomolecule sensing. Exosomes (EXOs) facilitate the transfer of bioactive molecules between cancer cells and diverse cells in the local and distant microenvironments, thereby contributing to cancer progression and metastasis. Specifically, EXOs derived from cancer are likely to function as biomarkers for early cancer detection due to the genetic or signaling alterations they transport as payload within the cancer cells of origin. It has been verified that EXOs circulate steadily in bodily secretions and contain a variety of information that indicates the progression of the tumor. However, acquiring molecular information and interactions regarding EXOs has presented significant technical challenges due to their nanoscale nature and high heterogeneity. Colorimetry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), fluorescence, and Raman scattering are examples of optical techniques utilized to quantify cancer exosomal biomarkers, including lipids, proteins, RNA, and DNA. Many optically active nanoparticles (NPs), predominantly carbon-based, inorganic, organic, and composite-based nanomaterials, have been employed in biosensing technology. The exceptional physical properties exhibited by nanomaterials, including carbon NPs, noble metal NPs, and magnetic NPs, have facilitated significant progress in the development of optical nanobiosensors intended for the detection of EXOs originating from tumors. Following a summary of the biogenesis, biological functions, and biomarker value of known EXOs, this article provides an update on the detection methodologies currently under investigation. In conclusion, we propose some potential enhancements to optical biosensors utilized in detecting EXO, utilizing various NP materials such as silicon NPs, graphene oxide (GO), metal NPs, and quantum dots (QDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | | | | | - Ameer Kadhim Al-Aridhy
- College of Health and Medical Technology, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
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4
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Ferlizza E, Romaniello D, Borrelli F, Pagano F, Girone C, Gelfo V, Kuhre RS, Morselli A, Mazzeschi M, Sgarzi M, Filippini DM, D'Uva G, Lauriola M. Extracellular Vesicles and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Activation: Interplay of Drivers in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112970. [PMID: 37296932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of great interest to study the cellular mechanisms of cancer development and to diagnose and monitor cancer progression. EVs are a highly heterogeneous population of cell derived particles, which include microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs). EVs deliver intercellular messages transferring proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites with implications for tumour progression, invasiveness, and metastasis. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a major driver of cancer. Tumour cells with activated EGFR could produce EVs disseminating EGFR itself or its ligands. This review provides an overview of EVs (mainly EXOs and MVs) and their cargo, with a subsequent focus on their production and effects related to EGFR activation. In particular, in vitro studies performed in EGFR-dependent solid tumours and/or cell cultures will be explored, thus shedding light on the interplay between EGFR and EVs production in promoting cancer progression, metastases, and resistance to therapies. Finally, an overview of liquid biopsy approaches involving EGFR and EVs in the blood/plasma of EGFR-dependent tumour patients will also be discussed to evaluate their possible application as candidate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enea Ferlizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Borrelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Pagano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Girone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Gelfo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rikke Sofie Kuhre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morselli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Mazzeschi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Sgarzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daria Maria Filippini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Clack K, Soda N, Kasetsirikul S, Mahmudunnabi RG, Nguyen NT, Shiddiky MJA. Toward Personalized Nanomedicine: The Critical Evaluation of Micro and Nanodevices for Cancer Biomarker Analysis in Liquid Biopsy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205856. [PMID: 36631277 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy for the analysis of circulating cancer biomarkers (CBs) is a major advancement toward the early detection of cancer. In comparison to tissue biopsy techniques, liquid biopsy is relatively painless, offering multiple sampling opportunities across easily accessible bodily fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. Liquid biopsy is also relatively inexpensive and simple, avoiding the requirement for specialized laboratory equipment or trained medical staff. Major advances in the field of liquid biopsy are attributed largely to developments in nanotechnology and microfabrication that enables the creation of highly precise chip-based platforms. These devices can overcome detection limitations of an individual biomarker by detecting multiple markers simultaneously on the same chip, or by featuring integrated and combined target separation techniques. In this review, the major advances in the field of portable and semi-portable micro, nano, and multiplexed platforms for CB detection for the early diagnosis of cancer are highlighted. A comparative discussion is also provided, noting merits and drawbacks of the platforms, especially in terms of portability. Finally, key challenges toward device portability and possible solutions, as well as discussing the future direction of the field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Clack
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Narshone Soda
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Surasak Kasetsirikul
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Rabbee G Mahmudunnabi
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Muhammad J A Shiddiky
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
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6
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Li L, Zhang L, Montgomery KC, Jiang L, Lyon CJ, Hu TY. Advanced technologies for molecular diagnosis of cancer: State of pre-clinical tumor-derived exosome liquid biopsies. Mater Today Bio 2023; 18:100538. [PMID: 36619206 PMCID: PMC9812720 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-defined extracellular vesicles (EVs) approximately 40-160 nm in diameter that are found in all body fluids including blood, urine, and saliva. They act as important vehicles for intercellular communication between both local and distant cells and can serve as circulating biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Exosomes play a key role in tumor metastasis, are abundant in biofluids, and stabilize biomarkers they carry, and thus can improve cancer detection, treatment monitoring, and cancer staging/prognosis. Despite their clinical potential, lack of sensitive/specific biomarkers and sensitive isolation/enrichment and analytical technologies has posed a barrier to clinical translation of exosomes. This review presents a critical overview of technologies now being used to detect tumor-derived exosome (TDE) biomarkers in clinical specimens that have potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lili Zhang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- HCA Florida Healthcare Westside/Northwest Hospital Internal Medicine, Plantation, Florida, USA
| | - Katelynn C. Montgomery
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Christopher J. Lyon
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tony Y. Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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7
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Ye S, You Q, Song S, Wang H, Wang C, Zhu L, Yang Y. Nanostructures and Nanotechnologies for the Detection of Extracellular Vesicle. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200201. [PMID: 36394211 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy has been taken as a minimally invasive examination and a promising surrogate to the clinically applied tissue-based test for the diagnosis and molecular analysis of cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry complex molecular information from the tumor, allowing for the multicomponent analysis of cancer and would be beneficial to personalized medicine. In this review, the advanced nanomaterials and nanotechniques for the detection and molecular profiling of EVs, highlight the advantages of nanotechnology in the high-purity isolation and the high-sensitive and high-specific identification of EVs, are summarized. An outlook on the clinical application of nanotechnology-based liquid biopsy in the diagnosis, prognostication, and surveillance of cancer is also provided. It provides information for developing liquid biopsy based on EVs by discussing the advantages and challenges of functionalized nanomaterials and various nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qing You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuya Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huayi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Center, Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR), Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanlian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Meggiolaro A, Moccia V, Brun P, Pierno M, Mistura G, Zappulli V, Ferraro D. Microfluidic Strategies for Extracellular Vesicle Isolation: Towards Clinical Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:bios13010050. [PMID: 36671885 PMCID: PMC9855931 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are double-layered lipid membrane vesicles released by cells. Currently, EVs are attracting a lot of attention in the biological and medical fields due to their role as natural carriers of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Thus, they can transport useful genomic information from their parental cell through body fluids, promoting cell-to-cell communication even between different organs. Due to their functionality as cargo carriers and their protein expression, they can play an important role as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various types of diseases, e.g., cancers, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases. Today, given the invaluable importance of EVs, there are some pivotal challenges to overcome in terms of their isolation. Conventional methods have some limitations: they are influenced by the starting sample, might present low throughput and low purity, and sometimes a lack of reproducibility, being operator dependent. During the past few years, several microfluidic approaches have been proposed to address these issues. In this review, we summarize the most important microfluidic-based devices for EV isolation, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages compared to existing technology, as well as the current state of the art from the perspective of the use of these devices in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Meggiolaro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Moccia
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Pierno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Mistura
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Zappulli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Davide Ferraro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Nasrollahpour H, Khalilzadeh B, Hasanzadeh M, Rahbarghazi R, Estrela P, Naseri A, Tasoglu S, Sillanpää M. Nanotechnology‐based electrochemical biosensors for monitoring breast cancer biomarkers. Med Res Rev 2022; 43:464-569. [PMID: 36464910 DOI: 10.1002/med.21931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is categorized as the most widespread cancer type among women globally. On-time diagnosis can decrease the mortality rate by making the right decision in the therapy procedure. These features lead to a reduction in medication time and socioeconomic burden. The current review article provides a comprehensive assessment for breast cancer diagnosis using nanomaterials and related technologies. Growing use of the nano/biotechnology domain in terms of electrochemical nanobiosensor designing was discussed in detail. In this regard, recent advances in nanomaterial applied for amplified biosensing methodologies were assessed for breast cancer diagnosis by focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. We also monitored designing methods, advantages, and the necessity of suitable (nano) materials from a statistical standpoint. The main objective of this review is to classify the applicable biosensors based on breast cancer biomarkers. With numerous nano-sized platforms published for breast cancer diagnosis, this review tried to collect the most suitable methodologies for detecting biomarkers and certain breast cancer cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nasrollahpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Applied Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Pedro Estrela
- Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio) and Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
| | - Abdolhossein Naseri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Environmental Engineering and Management Research Group Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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10
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Electrochemical Biosensors for Soluble Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Detection. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Recent advances in the development of multifunctional lipid-based nanoparticles for co-delivery, combination treatment strategies, and theranostics in breast and lung cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Fattahi Z, Hasanzadeh M. Nanotechnology-assisted microfluidic systems platform for chemical and bioanalysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Abreu CM, Costa-Silva B, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Caballero D. Microfluidic platforms for extracellular vesicle isolation, analysis and therapy in cancer. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1093-1125. [PMID: 35253032 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00006g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipidic particles packed with proteins, DNA, messenger RNA and microRNAs of their cell of origin that act as critical players in cell-cell communication. These vesicles have been identified as pivotal mediators in cancer progression and the formation of metastatic niches. Hence, their isolation and analysis from circulating biofluids is envisioned as the next big thing in the field of liquid biopsies for early non-invasive diagnosis and patient follow-up. Despite the promise, current benchtop isolation strategies are not compatible with point-of-care testing in a clinical setting. Microfluidic platforms are disruptive technologies capable of recovering, analyzing, and quantifying EVs within clinical samples with limited volume, in a high-throughput manner with elevated sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities. Moreover, they can also be employed for the controlled production of synthetic EVs and effective drug loading to produce EV-based therapies. In this review, we explore the use of microfluidic platforms for the isolation, characterization, and quantification of EVs in cancer, and compare these platforms with the conventional methodologies. We also highlight the state-of-the-art in microfluidic approaches for EV-based cancer therapeutics. Finally, we analyze the currently active or recently completed clinical trials involving EVs for cancer diagnosis, treatment or therapy monitoring and examine the future of EV-based point-of-care testing platforms in the clinic and EV-based therapy production by the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina M Abreu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Champalimaud Physiology and Cancer Programme, Champalimaud Foundation, Av. Brasília, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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14
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Jing L, Xie C, Li Q, Yang M, Li S, Li H, Xia F. Electrochemical Biosensors for the Analysis of Breast Cancer Biomarkers: From Design to Application. Anal Chem 2021; 94:269-296. [PMID: 34854296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chongyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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15
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Li D, Lai W, Fan D, Fang Q. Protein biomarkers in breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles for use in liquid biopsies. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C779-C797. [PMID: 34495763 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00048.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve the management of breast cancer. Liquid biopsies are becoming convenient detection methods for diagnosing and monitoring breast cancer due to their noninvasiveness and ability to provide real-time feedback. A range of liquid biopsy markers, including circulating tumor proteins, circulating tumor cells, and circulating tumor nucleic acids, have been implemented for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis, with each having its own advantages and limitations. Circulating extracellular vesicles are messengers of intercellular communication that are packed with information from mother cells and are found in a wide variety of bodily fluids; thus, they are emerging as ideal candidates for liquid biopsy biomarkers. In this review, we summarize extracellular vesicle protein markers that can be potentially used for the early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer or determining its specific subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Lai
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Fan
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Ahirwar R. Recent advances in nanomaterials-based electrochemical immunosensors and aptasensors for HER2 assessment in breast cancer. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:317. [PMID: 34476602 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the key molecular targets in breast cancer pathogenesis. Overexpression and/or amplification of HER2 in approximately 15-20% of breast cancer patients is associated with high mortality and poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence shows that accurate and sensitive detection of HER2 improves the survival outcomes for HER2-positive breast cancer patients from targeted therapies. The current methods of clinical determination of HER2 expression levels are based on slide-based assays that rely on invasively collected primary tumours. Alternatively, ELISA-based detection of the shredded HER2 extracellular domain (HER2-ECD) of has been suggested as a surrogate method for monitoring disease progress and treatment response in breast cancer patients. In the past decade, biosensors have emerged as an alternative modality for the detection of circulating HER2-ECD in human serum samples. In particular, electrochemical biosensors based on nanomaterials and antibodies and aptamers have been increasingly developed as promising tools for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of HER2-ECD. These biosensors harness the high affinity and specificity of antibodies and aptamers, and unique conductive properties, biocompatibility, large surface area, and chemical stability of nanomaterials for selective and sensitive assessment of the HER2. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the application of nanomaterials-based immunosensors and aptasensors for detection of circulating HER2-ECD. In particular, various electrochemical techniques, detection approaches, and nanomaterials are discussed. Further, analytical figures of merit of various HER2 immunosensors and aptasensors are compared. Finally, possible challenges and potential opportunities for biosensor-based detection of HER2-ECD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ahirwar
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India.
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Ahirwar R, Khan N, Kumar S. Aptamer-based sensing of breast cancer biomarkers: a comprehensive review of analytical figures of merit. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:703-721. [PMID: 33877005 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1920397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accurate determination of the aberrantly expressed biomarkers such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), mucin 1 (MUC1), and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF165 have played an essential role in the clinical management of the breast cancer. Assessment of these cancer-specific biomarkers has conventionally relied on time-taking methods like the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. However, recent development in the aptamer-based diagnostics has allowed developing tools that may substitute the conventional means of biomarker assessment in breast cancer. Adopting the aptamer-based diagnostic tools (aptasensors) to clinical practices will depend on their analytical performance on clinical samples. AREAS COVERED In this review, we provide an overview of the analytical merits of HER2, CEA, PDGF, MUC1, and VEGF165 aptasensors. Scopus and Pubmed databases were searched for studies reporting aptasensor development for the listed breast cancer biomarkers in the past one decade. Linearity, detection limit, and response time are emphasized. EXPERT OPINION In our opinion, aptasensors have proven to be on a par with the antibody-based methods for detection of various breast cancer biomarkers. Though robust validation of the aptasensors on significant sample size is required, their ability to detect pathophysiological range of biomarkers suggest the possibility of future clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ahirwar
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Nabab Khan
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Saroj Kumar
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Gurgaon, India
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18
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Goričar K, Dolžan V, Lenassi M. Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Tool Facilitating Personalized Medicine and Pharmacogenomics in Oncology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:671298. [PMID: 33995103 PMCID: PMC8120271 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.671298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that can guide cancer therapy based on patients' individual cancer molecular signature can enable a more effective treatment with fewer adverse events. Data on actionable somatic mutations and germline genetic variants, studied by personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics, can be obtained from tumor tissue or blood samples. As tissue biopsy cannot reflect the heterogeneity of the tumor or its temporal changes, liquid biopsy is a promising alternative approach. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a potential source of biomarkers in liquid biopsy. EVs are a heterogeneous population of membrane bound particles, which are released from all cells and accumulate into body fluids. They contain various proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (miRNA, mRNA, and DNA) and metabolites. In cancer, EV biomolecular composition and concentration are changed. Tumor EVs can promote the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and pre-metastatic niche formation, and contribute to transfer of oncogenic potential or drug resistance during chemotherapy. This makes them a promising source of minimally invasive biomarkers. A limited number of clinical studies investigated EVs to monitor cancer progression, tumor evolution or drug resistance and several putative EV-bound protein and RNA biomarkers were identified. This review is focused on EVs as novel biomarker source for personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics in oncology. As several pharmacogenes and genes associated with targeted therapy, chemotherapy or hormonal therapy were already detected in EVs, they might be used for fine-tuning personalized cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Metka Lenassi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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19
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Construction of a ternary nano-architecture based graphene oxide sheets, toward electrocatalytic determination of tumor-associated anti-p53 autoantibodies in human serum. Talanta 2021; 230:122276. [PMID: 33934760 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Almost 13% of all death in the world is related to cancer. One of the major reasons for failing cancer treatment is the late diagnosis of the tumors. Thus, diagnosis at the early stages could be vital for the treatment. Serum autoantibodies, as tumor markers, are becoming interesting targets due to their medical and biological relevance. Among them, anti-p53 autoantibody in human sera is found to be involved in a variety of cancers. Regarding this issue, a novel and sensitive electrochemical biosensor for detection of anti-p53 autoantibody has been developed. For this purpose, a nanocomposite including thionine (as an electron transfer mediator)/chitosan/nickel hydroxide nanoparticles/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (Th-CS-Ni(OH)2NPs-ERGO) as a support platform was fabricated on the surface of glassy carbon electrode via a layer-by-layer manner and characterized through common electrochemical and imaging techniques. Then, p53-antigen was immobilized on the nanocomposite and used in an indirect immunoassay with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibody and H2O2 as the substrate, following the typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Under optimized condition, two techniques, including differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) as a label free technique, applied for the biomarker detection. The linear ranges and LODs were obtained 0.1-500 pg mL-1 and 0.001 pg mL-1 using DPV and 5-150 pg mL-1 and 0.007 pg mL-1 using EIS, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed biosensor displayed satisfying stability, selectivity, and reproducibility. According to the results, the presented protocol is promising to develop other electrochemical biosensors.
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20
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Electrochemical biosensors for measurement of colorectal cancer biomarkers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2407-2428. [PMID: 33666711 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with one of the highest rates of mortality among cancers worldwide. The early detection and management of CRC is imperative. Biomarkers play an important role in CRC screening tests, CRC treatment, and prognosis and clinical management; thus rapid and sensitive detection of biomarkers is helpful for early detection of CRC. In recent years, electrochemical biosensors for detecting CRC biomarkers have been widely investigated. In this review, different electrochemical detection methods for CRC biomarkers including immunosensors, aptasensors, and genosensors are summarized. Further, representative examples are provided that demonstrate the advantages of electrochemical sensors modified by various nanomaterials. Finally, the limitations and prospects of biomarkers and electrochemical sensors in detection are also discussed. Graphical abstract.
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21
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Zhang DX, Vu LT, Ismail NN, Le MTN, Grimson A. Landscape of extracellular vesicles in the tumour microenvironment: Interactions with stromal cells and with non-cell components, and impacts on metabolic reprogramming, horizontal transfer of neoplastic traits, and the emergence of therapeutic resistance. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 74:24-44. [PMID: 33545339 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognised as a pivotal player in cell-cell communication, an attribute of EVs that derives from their ability to transport bioactive cargoes between cells, resulting in complex intercellular signalling mediated by EVs, which occurs under both physiological and pathological conditions. In the context of cancer, recent studies have demonstrated the versatile and crucial roles of EVs in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Here, we revisit EV biology, and focus on EV-mediated interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells, including fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells and neurons. In addition, we focus on recent reports indicating interactions between EVs and non-cell constituents within the TME, including the extracellular matrix. We also review and summarise the intricate cancer-associated network modulated by EVs, which promotes metabolic reprogramming, horizontal transfer of neoplastic traits, and therapeutic resistance in the TME. We aim to provide a comprehensive and updated landscape of EVs in the TME, focusing on oncogenesis, cancer progression and therapeutic resistance, together with our future perspectives on the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Xin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Luyen Tien Vu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Digital Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nur Nadiah Ismail
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minh T N Le
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Digital Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Andrew Grimson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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22
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Frawley T, Piskareva O. Extracellular Vesicle Dissemination of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Ligands and Its Role in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113200. [PMID: 33143170 PMCID: PMC7693808 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Overexpression of the transmembrane protein, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), drives tumour progression in several cancers including breast, lung, glioblastoma and head and neck cancers. In recent years, it has been shown that tumour cells can transfer EGFR to other tumour cells and non-tumour cells using extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are nano-sized vesicles secreted by cells and contain protein, RNA and DNA. The function of EVs is to send messages between cells which occurs in both healthy and diseased states. In this review, we will discuss how the transfer of EGFR and EGFR ligands by EVs in cancer can promote metastases, the formation of new tumour blood vessels and decrease the anti-tumour activity of immune cells. We will also discuss how EGFR contained in EVs can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic marker of cancer, and finally, how EVs can be re-engineered to promote targeting to EGFR expressing tumours. Abstract The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway functions through the autocrine or paracrine activation of cellular EGFR by a number of transmembrane ligands. Amplified or mutant EGFR can lead to tumour formation due to increased cell proliferation, growth, migration and survival signals. These oncogenic effects were thought to be confined to aberrant cells hosting genetic alterations in EGFR. However, in the past decade, numerous studies identified that tumour cells could harness extracellular vesicles (EVs) to disseminate EGFR, mutant EGFR, phosphorylated EGFR and EGFR ligands to local and distant cells. This functions to impart a pro-tumourigenic phenotype in recipient cells. EVs play an essential role in intracellular communication, through receptor signalling or the release of their intra-vesicular content into recipient cells. This review will discuss the role of EVs delivering EGFR or EGFR ligands either to or from tumour cells and how this can promote metastases, pre-metastatic niche formation, osteoclastogenesis, angiogenesis and immune modulation in cancer. We will examine how circulating EVs positive for EGFR may be exploited as diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic markers in cancers including breast, lung, glioblastoma, ovarian and prostate. Finally, we will explore recent breakthroughs in bio-engineering EVs with EGFR targeting abilities for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Frawley
- Cancer Bio-Engineering Group, Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Crumlin, D12 8MGH Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (O.P.); Tel.: +353-1-402-2123 (O.P.); Fax: +353-1-402-2453 (O.P.)
| | - Olga Piskareva
- Cancer Bio-Engineering Group, Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Crumlin, D12 8MGH Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 8QV2 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences and Trinity College Dublin, D02 8PVW Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (O.P.); Tel.: +353-1-402-2123 (O.P.); Fax: +353-1-402-2453 (O.P.)
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23
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Boosting electrochemical immunosensing performance by employing acetaminophen as a peroxidase substrate. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pradhan S, Brooks A, Yadavalli V. Nature-derived materials for the fabrication of functional biodevices. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100065. [PMID: 32613186 PMCID: PMC7317235 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature provides an incredible source of inspiration, structural concepts, and materials toward applications to improve the lives of people around the world, while preserving ecosystems, and addressing environmental sustainability. In particular, materials derived from animal and plant sources can provide low-cost, renewable building blocks for such applications. Nature-derived materials are of interest for their properties of biodegradability, bioconformability, biorecognition, self-repair, and stimuli response. While long used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, their use in functional devices such as (bio)electronics, sensors, and optical systems for healthcare and biomonitoring is finding increasing attention. The objective of this review is to cover the varied nature derived and sourced materials currently used in active biodevices and components that possess electrical or electronic behavior. We discuss materials ranging from proteins and polypeptides such as silk and collagen, polysaccharides including chitin and cellulose, to seaweed derived biomaterials, and DNA. These materials may be used as passive substrates or support architectures and often, as the functional elements either by themselves or as biocomposites. We further discuss natural pigments such as melanin and indigo that serve as active elements in devices. Increasingly, combinations of different biomaterials are being used to address the challenges of fabrication and performance in human monitoring or medicine. Finally, this review gives perspectives on the sourcing, processing, degradation, and biocompatibility of these materials. This rapidly growing multidisciplinary area of research will be advanced by a systematic understanding of nature-inspired materials and design concepts in (bio)electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Pradhan
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - A.K. Brooks
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - V.K. Yadavalli
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
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Sierra J, Marrugo-Ramírez J, Rodriguez-Trujillo R, Mir M, Samitier J. Sensor-Integrated Microfluidic Approaches for Liquid Biopsies Applications in Early Detection of Cancer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1317. [PMID: 32121271 PMCID: PMC7085501 DOI: 10.3390/s20051317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the conditions with the most causes of death worldwide. Common methods for its diagnosis are based on tissue biopsies-the extraction of tissue from the primary tumor, which is used for its histological analysis. However, this technique represents a risk for the patient, along with being expensive and time-consuming and so it cannot be frequently used to follow the progress of the disease. Liquid biopsy is a new cancer diagnostic alternative, which allows the analysis of the molecular information of the solid tumors via a body fluid draw. This fluid-based diagnostic method displays relevant advantages, including its minimal invasiveness, lower risk, use as often as required, it can be analyzed with the use of microfluidic-based platforms with low consumption of reagent, and it does not require specialized personnel and expensive equipment for the diagnosis. In recent years, the integration of sensors in microfluidics lab-on-a-chip devices was performed for liquid biopsies applications, granting significant advantages in the separation and detection of circulating tumor nucleic acids (ctNAs), circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and exosomes. The improvements in isolation and detection technologies offer increasingly sensitive and selective equipment's, and the integration in microfluidic devices provides a better characterization and analysis of these biomarkers. These fully integrated systems will facilitate the generation of fully automatized platforms at low-cost for compact cancer diagnosis systems at an early stage and for the prediction and prognosis of cancer treatment through the biomarkers for personalized tumor analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sierra
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - José Marrugo-Ramírez
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Romen Rodriguez-Trujillo
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mònica Mir
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Samitier
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Notarangelo M, Zucal C, Modelska A, Pesce I, Scarduelli G, Potrich C, Lunelli L, Pederzolli C, Pavan P, la Marca G, Pasini L, Ulivi P, Beltran H, Demichelis F, Provenzani A, Quattrone A, D'Agostino VG. Ultrasensitive detection of cancer biomarkers by nickel-based isolation of polydisperse extracellular vesicles from blood. EBioMedicine 2019; 43:114-126. [PMID: 31047861 PMCID: PMC6558028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted membranous particles intensively studied for their potential cargo of diagnostic markers. Efficient and cost-effective isolation methods need to be established for the reproducible and high-throughput study of EVs in the clinical practice. METHODS We designed the nickel-based isolation (NBI) to rapidly isolate EVs and combined it with newly-designed amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay or digital PCR to detect biomarkers of clinical utility. FINDINGS From plasma of 46 healthy donors, we systematically recovered small EV (~250 nm of mean diameter; ~3 × 1010/ml) and large EV (~560 nm of mean diameter; ~5 × 108/ml) lineages ranging from 50 to 700 nm, which displayed hematopoietic/endothelial cell markers that were also used in spike-in experiments using EVs from tumor cell lines. In retrospective studies, we detected picomolar concentrations of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in fractions of EVs isolated from the plasma of prostate cancer patients, discriminating them from control subjects. Directly from oil-encapsulated EVs for digital PCR, we identified somatic BRAF and KRAS mutations circulating in the plasma of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, matching 100% of concordance with tissue diagnostics. Importantly, with higher sensitivity and specificity compared with immuno-isolated EVs, we revealed additional somatic alterations in 7% of wild-type CRC cases that were subsequently validated by further inspections in the matched tissue biopsies. INTERPRETATION We propose NBI-combined approaches as simple, fast, and robust strategies to probe the tumor heterogeneity and contribute to the development of EV-based liquid biopsy studies. FUND: Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC), Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio Trento e Rovereto (CARITRO), and the Italian Ministero Istruzione, Università e Ricerca (Miur).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Notarangelo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Chiara Zucal
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Angelika Modelska
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Isabella Pesce
- Cell Analysis and Separation Core Facility (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Giorgina Scarduelli
- Advanced Imaging Core Facility (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Cristina Potrich
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Laboratory of Biomolecular Sequence and Structure Analysis for Health, Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lunelli
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Laboratory of Biomolecular Sequence and Structure Analysis for Health, Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pederzolli
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Laboratory of Biomolecular Sequence and Structure Analysis for Health, Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Paola Pavan
- Immunohematology and Cell Factory Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 24, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Centro di Eccellenza Denothe, Aou Meyer University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Italy
| | - Luigi Pasini
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Francesca Demichelis
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Alessandro Provenzani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Alessandro Quattrone
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Vito G D'Agostino
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Trento 38123, Italy.
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