1
|
Sivaselvam S, Anjana RS, Dhujana NS, Victor M, Jayasree RS. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots: a novel biosensing platform for selective norfloxacin detection and bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7635-7645. [PMID: 39007591 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Incomplete metabolism and non-biodegradable nature of norfloxacin (NORx) lead to its persistent residues in the environment and food, potentially fostering the emergence of antibiotic resistance and posing a significant threat to public health. Hence, we developed a norfloxacin sensor employing hydrothermally synthesized N-doped carbon dots (N-Ch-CQDs) from chitosan and PEI demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity towards the antibiotic detection. The quantum yield of excitation-dependent emission of N-Ch-CQDs was effectively tuned from 4.6 to 21.5% by varying the concentration of PEI (5-15%). With the enhanced fluorescence in the presence of norfloxacin, N-Ch-CQDs exhibited a linear detection range of 20-1400 nM with a limit of detection (LoD) of 9.3 nM. The high biocompatibility of N-Ch-CQDs was confirmed in the in vitro and in vivo model and showed the environment-friendly nature of the sensor. Detailed study elucidated the formation of strong hydrogen bonds between N-Ch-CQDs and NORx, leading to fluorescence enhancement. The developed sensor's capability to detect NORx was evaluated in water and milk samples. The recovery rate ranged from 98.5% to 103.5%, demonstrating the sensor's practical applicability. Further, the bioimaging potential of N-Ch-CQDs was demonstrated in both the in vitro (L929 cells) and in vivo model (C. elegans). The synergistic influence of the defecation pattern and functioning of intestinal barrier mitigates the translocation of N-Ch-CQDs into the reproductive organ of nematodes. This study revealed the bioimaging and fluorescent sensing ability of N-Ch-CQDs, which holds significant promise for extensive application in the biomedical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sivaselvam
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Department of Biomaterial Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695012, India.
| | - R S Anjana
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Department of Biomaterial Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695012, India.
| | - N S Dhujana
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Department of Biomaterial Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695012, India.
| | - Marina Victor
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Department of Biomaterial Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695012, India.
| | - Ramapurath S Jayasree
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Department of Biomaterial Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Zhang G, Xiao X, Shu X, Fei D, Guang Y, Zhou Y, Lai W. High-Performance Fluorescent Microspheres Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Mode for Lateral Flow Immunoassays. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17860-17867. [PMID: 38050676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The label with a large Stokes shift and strong fluorescence properties could improve the sensitivity of the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). Herein, two aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens with spectral overlap were encapsulated in polymers by using the microemulsion method as a label, and the construction of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer mode was further verified via theoretical calculation and spectral analysis. Satisfactorily, the doped AIE polymer microspheres (DAIEPMs) exhibited a large Stokes shift of 285 nm and a 10.8-fold fluorescence enhancement compared to those of the AIEPMs loaded with acceptors. Benefiting from the excellent optical performance, DAIEPMs were applied to the LFIA for sensitive detection of chlorothalonil, which is an organochlorine pesticide. The limit of detection of the proposed DAIEPMs-LFIA was 1.2 pg/mL, which was 4.8-fold and 11.6-fold lower than those of quantum dot bead LFIA and gold nanoparticle LFIA, respectively. This work provides a new strategy to improve the optical properties of fluorescent materials and construct a sensitive and reliable detection platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xinhui Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Dan Fei
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Yelan Guang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Yaomin Zhou
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Weihua Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen X, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Yao C. Y 3+@CdTe quantum dot nanoprobe as a fluorescence signal enhancement sensing platform for the visualization of norfloxacin. Analyst 2023. [PMID: 37455634 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00921a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Quinolone antibiotics (norfloxacin) pose a serious threat to animal and human health due to their misuse and difficulty in being broken down in surface water and food. Rapid and effective detection of norfloxacin (NOR) is essential for environmental testing and ecosystems. In this study, yttrium was coordinated with mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-modified CdTe quantum dots (QDs) to obtain a novel fluorescence sensor Y3+@CdTe QDs for the sensitive detection of NOR. NOR can bind to Y3+ to form a complex (NOR-Y3+). This complex enhances the luminescence of NOR and blue-shifts to 423 nm. The fluorescence intensity of NOR-Y3+ at 423 nm (I423) gradually increased with increasing NOR concentration; meanwhile, the fluorescence intensity of CdTe QDs at 634 nm (I634) gradually decreased due to aggregation induction. The ratio of I423 to I634 was used for the quantitative determination of NOR. The linear range of the constructed fluorescent probes was from 1.0 to 150.0 μM, with a detection limit of 31.8 nM. CdTe QDs act as a red fluorescent background, and with the addition of NOR, the color of the system transitions from red to purple and finally blue. This method was rapid (immediate) and visual, providing a simple analysis of various actual samples (tap water, lake water, honey, milk and human serum) for NOR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanhang Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Cheng Yao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Z, Ma J, Sun DW. Aggregates-based fluorescence sensing technology for food hazard detection: Principles, improvement strategies, and applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:2977-3010. [PMID: 37199444 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Aggregates often exhibit modified or completely new properties compared with their molecular elements, making them an extraordinarily advantageous form of materials. The fluorescence signal change characteristics resulting from molecular aggregation endow aggregates with high sensitivity and broad applicability. In molecular aggregates, the photoluminescence properties at the molecular level can be annihilated or elevated, leading to aggregation-causing quenching (ACQ) or aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effects. This change in photoluminescence properties can be intelligently introduced in food hazard detection. Recognition units can combine with the aggregate-based sensor by joining the aggregation process, endowing the sensor with the high specificity of analytes (such as mycotoxins, pathogens, and complex organic molecules). In this review, aggregation mechanisms, structural characteristics of fluorescent materials (including ACQ/AIE-activated), and their applications in food hazard detection (with/without recognition units) are summarized. Because the design of aggregate-based sensors may be influenced by the properties of their components, the sensing mechanisms of different fluorescent materials were described separately. Details of fluorescent materials, including conventional organic dyes, carbon nanomaterials, quantum dots, polymers and polymer-based nanostructures and metal nanoclusters, and recognition units, such as aptamer, antibody, molecular imprinting, and host-guest recognition, are discussed. In addition, future trends of developing aggregate-based fluorescence sensing technology in monitoring food hazards are also proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyun Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou Z, Wen X, Shi C, Wu L, Long Z, He J, Hou X. Multi-color fluorescence sensing platform for visual determination of norfloxacin based on a terbium (Ш) functionalized covalent organic framework. Food Chem 2023; 417:135883. [PMID: 36921364 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and visual determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) is of great significance since their abuse and inappropriate handling can be problematic. Herein, we propose a lanthanide covalent organic framework fluorescence sensing system (Tb@COF-Ru) with visualization capability to determine the FQs level, where Tb@COF was employed as the sensing probe, while the red-emitting Ru(bpy)32+ serves as a constant red fluorescent background. With increasing norfloxacin concentration, the green fluorescence of Tb3+ is gradually enhanced, finally realizing the multicolor fluorescence change from red to green. With a smartphone for RGB analysis, visual monitoring and quantitative analysis were realized without any sophisticated instrument. Limits of detection for the fluorescence quantitative and visual mode for norfloxacin were 0.33 nM and 7.3 μM, respectively. This method was rapid (1 min) and visualized, providing a simple analysis of various food matrices (honey, milk, egg and beef) and water samples for trace FQs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chaoting Shi
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Zhou Long
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Juan He
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China; Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou C, Ma J, Sun DW. Grouping illuminants by aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanisms for designing sensing platforms for food quality and safety inspection. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
|
7
|
Chen H, Wu J, Zhou M, Zhou H, Li X, Chen X, Zou H, Guo Q, Xiong Y. Ultrabright red-emitted aggregation-induced luminescence microspheres-based lateral flow immunoassay for furosemide detection in slimming products. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
|
8
|
Liu X, Xia F, Zhang S, Cheng Y, Fan L, Kang S, Gao X, Sun X, Li J, Li X, Zhu L. Dual-color aggregation-induced emission nanoparticles for simultaneous lateral flow immunoassay of nitrofuran metabolites in aquatic products. Food Chem 2023; 402:134235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
Luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIEgens) properties have numerous broad applications in fields of chemical and biological analyses due to their exceptional photostability, excellent signal reliability, high quantum yield, and large Stokes' shift. In particular, AIEgens also bring new blood for immunoassay. Since publication of the first 2004 paper, AIEgens-based immunoassays have received significant attention because of their high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and reliability. However, until now, there have been no comprehensive literature reviews focused on the evolving field of AIEgens-based immunoassays. Thus, we have extensively reviewed AIEgens-based immunoassays from their basic working principles to specific applications. We focus on several fundamental elements of AIEgens-based immunoassays, including the typical structures of AIEgens, emission mechanism of AIEgens probes, function of AIEgens in immunoassays, and platform of AIEgens-based immunoassays. Then, the representative applications of AIEgens-based immunoassays in food safety, medical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring are explored. Thus, proposals on how to further improve the AIEgens-based immunoassay performance are also discussed, as well as future challenges and perspectives, aiming to provide brief and valid guidelines for choosing suitable AIEgens-based immunoassays according to specific application requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leina Dou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A novel biosensor based on antibody controlled isothermal strand displacement amplification (ACISDA) system. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 209:114185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Emergence of dyestuff chemistry-encoded signal tracers in immunochromatographic assays: Fundamentals and recent food applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
12
|
Cheng Y, Wang H, Zhuo Y, Song D, Li C, Zhu A, Long F. Reusable smartphone-facilitated mobile fluorescence biosensor for rapid and sensitive on-site quantitative detection of trace pollutants. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 199:113863. [PMID: 34894557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing exposure to toxic pollutants highlights the need for their sensitive detection technologies that can be rapidly adapted and deployed in various settings. Optical biosensors are an excellent solution due to their outstanding features. However, the sophisticated and expensive optical design limits their scalability and actual application. Herein, an innovative reusable smartphone-facilitated mobile fluorescence biosensor (s-MFB) was built through integrating miniaturized all-fiber optical system and microfluidic system with smartphone. An asymmetric Y-shaped fiber optic coupler (Y-FOC) is constructed for simultaneous transmission of excitation light and the collected fluorescence. In particular, the incidence rays are introduced into the fiber bio-probe at a specific angle through the single-mode fiber of the Y-FOC, which enhances the evanescent wave field and the number of total internal reflections. The s-MBF showed a LOD for free Cy5.5 of 0.1 nM. Combining indirect competitive immunoassay with the s-MFB, this new assay, which achieve quantitative detection of bisphenol A and norfloxacin in 15 min with high sensitivity and reusability, substantially reduces the complexity and improves the scalability of trace pollutants detection. The adjunctive smartphone application allows on-site real-time quantitative detection, automated interpretation of reporting results, and early-warning of pollution accidents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Yuxin Zhuo
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Dan Song
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- Cell Biochemistry Laboratory, Biology Institute of Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Anna Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Feng Long
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ensuring food safety using fluorescent nanoparticles-based immunochromatographic test strips. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
14
|
|
15
|
A highly sensitive and dual-readout immunoassay for norfloxacin in milk based on QDs-FM@ALP-SA and click chemistry. Talanta 2021; 234:122703. [PMID: 34364497 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A dual-readout immunoassay based on QDs-FM@ALP-SA and click chemistry was developed for quick and sensitive detection of norfloxacin (NOR), which is an important fluoroquinolone antibiotic. In the system, the NOR-biotin conjugate (NOR-Biotin) was synthesized by click chemistry for signal transformation, and alkaline phosphatase-labeled streptavidin (ALP-SA) was attached to quantum dot fluorescence microspheres (QDs-FM) by an activated ester method to form QDs-FM@ALP-SA for signal amplification. Here, QDs-FM was a dual-functional carrier: it was used not only as a chemiluminescence signal amplification carrier but also as a fluorescent signal due to its fluorescence character. The NOR antibody was coated on a 96-well chemiluminescence microtiter plate, and NOR-Biotin was bound to the antibody specifically. Then, QDs-FM@ALP-SA was combined with NOR-Biotin to develop a direct competition chemiluminescence/fluorescence immunoassay (dc-CLIA/FIA). The IC50 values were 0.345 and 1.206 ng/mL for dc-CLIA/FIA, respectively. The linear range was 0.013-12.48 ng/mL and 0.042-39.86 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery from the standard fortified blank milk samples was in the range of 86.44%-101.3%. Therefore, this method could be a useful tool for routine screening of NOR residues in milk.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ong JJ, Pollard TD, Goyanes A, Gaisford S, Elbadawi M, Basit AW. Optical biosensors - Illuminating the path to personalized drug dosing. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 188:113331. [PMID: 34038838 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical biosensors are low-cost, sensitive and portable devices that are poised to revolutionize the medical industry. Healthcare monitoring has already been transformed by such devices, with notable recent applications including heart rate monitoring in smartwatches and COVID-19 lateral flow diagnostic test kits. The commercial success and impact of existing optical sensors has galvanized research in expanding its application in numerous disciplines. Drug detection and monitoring seeks to benefit from the fast-approaching wave of optical biosensors, with diverse applications ranging from illicit drug testing, clinical trials, monitoring in advanced drug delivery systems and personalized drug dosing. The latter has the potential to significantly improve patients' lives by minimizing toxicity and maximizing efficacy. To achieve this, the patient's serum drug levels must be frequently measured. Yet, the current method of obtaining such information, namely therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), is not routinely practiced as it is invasive, expensive, time-consuming and skilled labor-intensive. Certainly, optical sensors possess the capabilities to challenge this convention. This review explores the current state of optical biosensors in personalized dosing with special emphasis on TDM, and provides an appraisal on recent strategies. The strengths and challenges of optical biosensors are critically evaluated, before concluding with perspectives on the future direction of these sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jie Ong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Pollard
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Simon Gaisford
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Elbadawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Abdul W Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Z, Meng T, Tang X, Tian R, Guan W. The Promise of Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for Detecting COVID-19. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635558. [PMID: 33679789 PMCID: PMC7928409 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires sensitive and accurate diagnostic assays to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in infected individuals. Currently, RNA of SARS-CoV-2 virus is mainly detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based nucleic acid assays, while SARS-CoV-2 antigen and antibody are identified by immunological assays. Both nucleic acid assays and immunological assays rely on the luminescence signals of specific luminescence probes for qualitative and quantitative detection. The exploration of novel luminescence probes will play a crucial role in improving the detection sensitivity of the assays. As innate probes, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens (AIEgens) exhibit negligible luminescence in the free state but enhanced luminescence in the aggregated or restricted states. Moreover, AIEgen-based nanoparticles (AIE dots) offer efficient luminescence, good biocompatibility and water solubility, and superior photostability. Both AIEgens and AIE dots have been widely used for high-performance detection of biomolecules and small molecules, chemical/biological imaging, and medical therapeutics. In this review, the availability of AIEgens and AIE dots in nucleic acid assays and immunological assays are enumerated and discussed. By building a bridge between AIE materials and COVID-19, we hope to inspire researchers to use AIE materials as a powerful weapon against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, China
| | - Ting Meng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Weijiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|