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Liu J, Tan YY, Zheng W, Wang Y, Ju LA, Su QP. Nanoscale insights into hematology: super-resolved imaging on blood cell structure, function, and pathology. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:363. [PMID: 38910248 PMCID: PMC11194919 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence nanoscopy, also known as super-resolution microscopy, has transcended the conventional resolution barriers and enabled visualization of biological samples at nanometric resolutions. A series of super-resolution techniques have been developed and applied to investigate the molecular distribution, organization, and interactions in blood cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms of blood-cell-associated diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of various fluorescence nanoscopy technologies, outlining their current development stage and the challenges they are facing in terms of functionality and practicality. We specifically explore how these innovations have propelled forward the analysis of thrombocytes (platelets), erythrocytes (red blood cells) and leukocytes (white blood cells), shedding light on the nanoscale arrangement of subcellular components and molecular interactions. We spotlight novel biomarkers uncovered by fluorescence nanoscopy for disease diagnosis, such as thrombocytopathies, malignancies, and infectious diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the technological hurdles and chart out prospective avenues for future research directions. This review aims to underscore the significant contributions of fluorescence nanoscopy to the field of blood cell analysis and disease diagnosis, poised to revolutionize our approach to exploring, understanding, and managing disease at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yuping Yolanda Tan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Wen Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Qian Peter Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.
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Mo Q, Zhong T, Cao B, Han Z, Hu X, Zhao S, Wei X, Yang Z, Qin J. Dihydroxanthene-based monoamine oxidase A-activated photosensitizers for photodynamic/photothermal therapy of tumors. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116474. [PMID: 38735149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule photosensitizers for combined in vivo tailored cancer diagnostics and photodynamic/photothermal therapy are desperately needed. Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A)-activated therapeutic and diagnostic compounds provide great selectivity because MAO-A can be employed as a biomarker for associated Tumors. In order to screen photosensitizers with photodynamic therapeutic potential, we have created a range of near-infrared fluorescent molecules in this work by combining dihydroxanthene parent with various heterocyclic fluorescent dyes. The NIR fluorescent diagnostic probe, DHMQ, was created by combining the screened fluorescent dye matrices with the propylamino group, which is the recognition moiety of MAO-A, based on the oxidative deamination mechanism of the enzyme. This probe has a low toxicity level and can identify MAO-A precisely. It has the ability to use fluorescence imaging on mice and cells to track MAO-A activity in real-time. It has strong phototoxicity and can produce singlet oxygen when exposed to laser light. The temperature used in photothermal imaging can get up to 50 °C, which can harm tumor cells permanently and have a positive phototherapeutic impact on tumors grown from SH-SY5Y xenograft mice. The concept of using MAO-A effectively in diseases is expanded by the MAO-A-activated diagnostic-integrated photosensitizers, which offer a new platform for in vivo cancer diagnostics and targeted anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Institute of Standards and Technology, Nanning, 530200, PR China
| | - Tiantian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Bingying Cao
- Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities, Duyun, 558003, PR China
| | - Zhongyao Han
- Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities, Duyun, 558003, PR China
| | - Xianyun Hu
- Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities, Duyun, 558003, PR China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wei
- China Pharmaceutical University, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Nanjing, 211100, PR China
| | - Zhengmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities, Duyun, 558003, PR China
| | - Jiangke Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
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Stein J, Ericsson M, Nofal M, Magni L, Aufmkolk S, McMillan RB, Breimann L, Herlihy CP, Lee SD, Willemin A, Wohlmann J, Arguedas-Jimenez L, Yin P, Pombo A, Church GM, Wu CK. Cryosectioning-enabled super-resolution microscopy for studying nuclear architecture at the single protein level. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.05.576943. [PMID: 38370628 PMCID: PMC10871237 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.05.576943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
DNA-PAINT combined with total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy enables the highest localization precisions, down to single nanometers in thin biological samples, due to TIRF's unique method for optical sectioning and attaining high contrast. However, most cellular targets elude the accessible TIRF range close to the cover glass and thus require alternative imaging conditions, affecting resolution and image quality. Here, we address this limitation by applying ultrathin physical cryosectioning in combination with DNA-PAINT. With "tomographic & kinetically-enhanced" DNA-PAINT (tokPAINT), we demonstrate the imaging of nuclear proteins with sub-3 nanometer localization precision, advancing the quantitative study of nuclear organization within fixed cells and mouse tissues at the level of single antibodies. We believe that ultrathin sectioning combined with the versatility and multiplexing capabilities of DNA-PAINT will be a powerful addition to the toolbox of quantitative DNA-based super-resolution microscopy in intracellular structural analyses of proteins, RNA and DNA in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Stein
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Ericsson
- Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michel Nofal
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Magni
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Aufmkolk
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan B. McMillan
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Breimann
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - S. Dean Lee
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andréa Willemin
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Wohlmann
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Arguedas-Jimenez
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peng Yin
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Pombo
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - George M. Church
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chao-Kng Wu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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