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Huang Q, Guo K, Ren Y, Tan J, Ren Y, Zhang L, Zheng C, Xu H. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of gambogenic acid derivatives: Unraveling their anti-cancer effects by inducing pyroptosis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107182. [PMID: 38359707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Gambogenic acid (GNA), a caged xanthone derived from Garcinia hanburyi, exhibits a wide range of anti-cancer properties. The caged skeleton of GNA serves as the fundamental pharmacophore responsible for its antitumor effects. However, limited exploration has focused on the structural modifications of GNA. This study endeavors to diversify the structure of GNA and enhance its anti-cancer efficacy. Sulfoximines, recognized as pivotal motifs in medicinal chemistry due to their outstanding properties, have featured in several anti-cancer drugs undergoing clinical trials. Accordingly, a series of 33 GNA derivatives combined with sulfoximines were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer effects against MIAPaCa2, MDA-MB-231, and A549 cells in vitro. The activity screening led to the identification of compound 12k, which exhibited the most potent anti-cancer effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that 12k primarily induced pyroptosis in MIAPaCa2 and MDA-MB-231 cells by activating the caspase-3/gasdermin E (GSDME) pathway. These findings suggested that 12k is a promising drug candidate in cancer therapy and highlighted the potential of sulfoximines as a valuable functional group in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Keke Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yitao Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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2
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Zhang S, Qu Y, Zhang D, Li S, Tang F, Ding A, Hu L, Zhang J, Wang H, Huang K, Li L. Rational Design and Biological Application of Hybrid Fluorophores. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303208. [PMID: 38038726 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Fluorophores are considered powerful tools for not only enabling the visualization of cell structures, substructures, and biological processes, but also making for the quantitative and qualitative measurement of various analytes in living systems. However, most fluorophores do not meet the diverse requirements for biological applications in terms of their photophysical and biological properties. Hybridization is an important strategy in molecular engineering that provides fluorophores with complementarity and multifunctionality. This review summarizes the basic strategies of hybridization with four classes of fluorophores, including xanthene, cyanine, coumarin, and BODIPY with a focus on their structure-property relationship (SPR) and biological applications. This review aims to provide rational hybrid ideas for expanding the reservoir of knowledge regarding fluorophores and promoting the development of newly produced fluorophores for applications in the field of life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiji Zhang
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yunwei Qu
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Duoteng Zhang
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Future Display Institute in Xiamen, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Aixiang Ding
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Technical Center of Xiamen Customs, Xiamen, 361001, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Future Display Institute in Xiamen, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lin Li
- Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Future Display Institute in Xiamen, Xiamen, 361005, China
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3
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Mao Z, Rha H, Kim J, You X, Zhang F, Tao W, Kim JS. THQ-Xanthene: An Emerging Strategy to Create Next-Generation NIR-I/II Fluorophores. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301177. [PMID: 37114796 PMCID: PMC10288261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared fluorescence imaging is vital for exploring the biological world. The short emissions (<650 nm) and small Stokes shifts (<30 nm) of current xanthene dyes obstruct their biological applications since a long time. Recently, a potent and universal THQ structural modification technique that shifts emission to the NIR-I/II range and enables a substantial Stokes shift (>100 nm) for THQ-modified xanthene dyes is established. Thus, a timely discussion of THQ-xanthene and its applications is extensive. Hence, the advent, working principles, development trajectory, and biological applications of THQ-xanthene dyes, especially in the fields of fluorescence probe-based sensing and imaging, cancer theranostics, and super-resolution imaging, are introduced. It is envisioned that the THQ modification tactic is a simple yet exceptional approach to upgrade the performance of conventional xanthene dyes. THQ-xanthene will advance the strides of xanthene-based potentials in early fluorescent diagnosis of diseases, cancer theranostics, and imaging-guided surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Mao
- College of Health Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
- Department of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul02841South Korea
| | - Hyeonji Rha
- Department of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul02841South Korea
| | - Jungryun Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul02841South Korea
| | - Xinru You
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Health Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul02841South Korea
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Vieira-da-Silva B, Castanho MARB. Resazurin Reduction-Based Assays Revisited: Guidelines for Accurate Reporting of Relative Differences on Metabolic Status. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052283. [PMID: 36903528 PMCID: PMC10005198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell viability and metabolic activity are ubiquitous parameters used in biochemistry, molecular biology, and biotechnological studies. Virtually all toxicology and pharmacological projects include at some point the evaluation of cell viability and/or metabolic activity. Among the methods used to address cell metabolic activity, resazurin reduction is probably the most common. At variance with resazurin, resorufin is intrinsically fluorescent, which simplifies its detection. Resazurin conversion to resorufin in the presence of cells is used as a reporter of metabolic activity of cells and can be detected by a simple fluorometric assay. UV-Vis absorbance is an alternative technique but is not as sensitive. In contrast to its wide empirical "black box" use, the chemical and cell biology fundamentals of the resazurin assay are underexplored. Resorufin is further converted to other species, which jeopardizes the linearity of the assays, and the interference of extracellular processes has to be accounted for when quantitative bioassays are aimed at. In this work, we revisit the fundamentals of metabolic activity assays based on the reduction of resazurin. Deviation to linearity both in calibration and kinetics, as well as the existence of competing reactions for resazurin and resorufin and their impact on the outcome of the assay, are addressed. In brief, fluorometric ratio assays using low resazurin concentrations obtained from data collected at short time intervals are proposed to ensure reliable conclusions.
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Liu T, Huang J, Ding H, Zhan C, Wang S. Molecular structure perspective on Temperature-Sensitive properties of rhodamine aqueous solutions. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 275:121166. [PMID: 35313177 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most commonly used organic fluorescent dyes, recently rhodamines have been successfully employed in temperature sensing. However, few works have been reported on their temperature-sensitive properties, which inevitably limiting their further applications. In order to solve such problem, we investigated temperature-sensitive properties of rhodamine 110, 123, 19, 6G, B and 3B focusing on their fluorescence emission spectra; and analyzed them in the molecular structure perspective. It is demonstrated that the fluorescence emission intensities of all studied rhodamines decreased with higher temperature, which inevitably enhances the probability of collisions among molecules, thus definitely leads to energy loss in fluorescence emission. While these rhodamines still have various temperature sensitivities mainly due to the substitutes: the substitute on the benzene carboxylate has little effect; the amino substituents of the three-ring xanthene enhance the temperature sensitivity due to their rotation weakening the rigidity of the three-ring xanthene; and the methyl substituents on the three-ring xanthene reduce the temperature sensitivity by enhancing the rigidity and stability of the three-ring xanthene as well as hindering the rotation of ethylamino. These findings can also be extended to other organic fluorescent dyes proved by coumarins comparable to rhodamines. The results provided by this work can be useful reference and guidance to further develop organic fluorescent dyes especially for temperature sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
| | - Jianwei Huang
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - He Ding
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Chengsen Zhan
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
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Varna D, Geromichalou E, Papachristou E, Papi R, Hatzidimitriou AG, Panteris E, Psomas G, Geromichalos GD, Aslanidis P, Choli-Papadopoulou T, Angaridis PA. Biocompatible silver(I) complexes with heterocyclic thioamide ligands for selective killing of cancer cells and high antimicrobial activity - A combined in vitro and in silico study. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 228:111695. [PMID: 35007963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of heteroleptic Ag(I) complexes bearing 4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinethiol (dmp2SH), i.e., [AgCl(dmp2SH)(PPh3)2] (1), [Ag(dmp2SH)(PPh3)2]NO3 (2), [Ag(dmp2SΗ)(xantphos)]NO3 (3), [Ag(μ-dmp2S)(PPh3)]2 (4), [Ag(dmp2S)(xantphos)] (5), [Ag(μ-dmp2S)(DPEphos)]2 (6) (xantphos = 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene and DPEPhos = bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether) were synthesized. The complexes display systematic variation of particular structural characteristics which were proved to have a significant impact on their in vitro cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties. A moderate-to-high potential for bacteria growth inhibition was observed for all complexes, with 2, 3 and 5 being particularly effective against Gram-(+) bacteria (IC50 = 1.6-4.5 μM). The three complexes exhibit high in vitro cytotoxicity against HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cells (IC50 = 0.32-3.00 μΜ), suggesting the importance of coordination unsaturation and cationic charge for effective bioactivity. A very low cytotoxicity against HDFa normal cells was observed, revealing a high degree of selectivity (selectivity index ~10) and, hence, biocompatibility. Fluorescence microscopy using 2 showed effective targeting on the membrane of the HeLa cancer cells, subsequently inducing cell death. Binding of the complexes to serum albumin proteins is reasonably strong for potential uptake and subsequent release to target sites. A moderate in vitro antioxidant capacity for free radicals scavenging was observed and a low potential to destroy the double-strand structure of calf-thymus DNA by intercalation, suggesting likely implication of these properties in the bioactivity mechanisms of these complexes. Further insight into possible mechanisms of bioactivity was obtained by molecular modeling calculations, by exploring their ability to act as potential inhibitors of DNA-gyrase, human estrogen receptor alpha, human cyclin-dependent kinase 6, and human papillomavirus E6 oncoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Varna
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Elena Geromichalou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Eleni Papachristou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Rigini Papi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Antonios G Hatzidimitriou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Panteris
- Laboratory of Botany, Department of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - George Psomas
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - George D Geromichalos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Paraskevas Aslanidis
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Theodora Choli-Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis A Angaridis
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
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Lünne F, Köhler J, Stroh C, Müller L, Daniliuc CG, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Würthwein EU, Esselen M, Humpf HU, Kalinina SA. Insights into Ergochromes of the Plant Pathogen Claviceps purpurea. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2630-2643. [PMID: 34553942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Claviceps purpurea is an ergot fungus known for its neurotropic alkaloids, which have been identified as the main cause of ergotism, a livestock and human disease triggered by ergot consumption. Tetrahydroxanthone dimers, the so-called ergopigments, presumably also contribute to this toxic effect. Overexpression of the cluster-specific transcription factor responsible for the formation of these pigments in C. purpurea led to the isolation of three new metabolites (8-10). The new pigments were characterized utilizing HRMS, NMR techniques, and CD spectroscopy and shown to be xanthone dimers. Secalonic acid A and its 2,4'- and 4,4'-linked isomers were also isolated, and their absolute configuration was investigated. The contribution of secalonic acid A, its isomers, and new metabolites to the toxicity of C. purpurea was investigated in HepG2 and CCF-STTG1 cells. Along with cytotoxic properties, secalonic acid A was found to inhibit topoisomerase I and II activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Lünne
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Köhler
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christina Stroh
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lena Müller
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ernst-Ulrich Würthwein
- Organisch-chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Melanie Esselen
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Svetlana A Kalinina
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Fan X, Ren T, Yang W, Zhang X, Yuan L. Activatable photoacoustic/fluorescent dual-modal probe for monitoring of drug-induced liver hypoxia in vivo. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8644-8647. [PMID: 34369955 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02999a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Effective monitoring of liver hypoxia status is crucial for the detection and treatment of drug-induced liver injury. Here, a novel photoacoustic and fluorescent dual-modal probe (NO2-CS) was rationally developed and applied to image isoniazid-induced liver hypoxia through detecting the over-expressed nitroreductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.
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9
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Pesonen L, Svartsjö S, Bäck V, de Thonel A, Mezger V, Sabéran-Djoneidi D, Roos-Mattjus P. Gambogic acid and gambogenic acid induce a thiol-dependent heat shock response and disrupt the interaction between HSP90 and HSF1 or HSF2. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:819-833. [PMID: 34331200 PMCID: PMC8492855 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on heat shock proteins (HSPs) for growth and survival. Especially HSP90 has multiple client proteins and plays a critical role in malignant transformation, and therefore different types of HSP90 inhibitors are being developed. The bioactive natural compound gambogic acid (GB) is a prenylated xanthone with antitumor activity, and it has been proposed to function as an HSP90 inhibitor. However, there are contradicting reports whether GB induces a heat shock response (HSR), which is cytoprotective for cancer cells and therefore a potentially problematic feature for an anticancer drug. In this study, we show that GB and a structurally related compound, called gambogenic acid (GBA), induce a robust HSR, in a thiol-dependent manner. Using heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) or HSF2 knockout cells, we show that the GB or GBA-induced HSR is HSF1-dependent. Intriguingly, using closed form ATP-bound HSP90 mutants that can be co-precipitated with HSF1, a known facilitator of cancer, we show that also endogenous HSF2 co-precipitates with HSP90. GB and GBA treatment disrupt the interaction between HSP90 and HSF1 and HSP90 and HSF2. Our study implies that these compounds should be used cautiously if developed for cancer therapies, since GB and its derivative GBA are strong inducers of the HSR, in multiple cell types, by involving the dissociation of a HSP90-HSF1/HSF2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Pesonen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6, 20520, Åbo/Turku, Finland
| | - Sally Svartsjö
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6, 20520, Åbo/Turku, Finland
| | - Viktor Bäck
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6, 20520, Åbo/Turku, Finland
| | - Aurélie de Thonel
- Université de Paris, UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Mezger
- Université de Paris, UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Délara Sabéran-Djoneidi
- Université de Paris, UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Pia Roos-Mattjus
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6, 20520, Åbo/Turku, Finland.
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10
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Oeschger TM, Erickson DC. Visible colorimetric growth indicators of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for low-cost diagnostic applications. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252961. [PMID: 34138928 PMCID: PMC8211239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
N. gonorrhoeae is one of the most pressing antibiotic resistant threats of our time and low-cost diagnostics that can easily identify antibiotic resistance are desperately needed. However, N. gonorrhoeae responds so uniquely to growth conditions that it cannot be assumed gonorrhea will respond to common microbiological methods used for other pathogenic organisms. In this paper, we explore visual colorimetric indicators of N. gonorrhoeae growth that can be seen without a microscope or spectrophotometer. We evaluate growth media, pH indicators, resazurin-based dyes, and tetrazolium-based dyes for their use in simple colorimetric system. Overall, we identified Graver Wade media as the best at supporting robust gonococcal growth while also providing the least background when analyzing results of colorimetric tests. XTT, a tetrazolium-based dye, proved to show to brightest color change over time and not negatively impact the natural growth of N. gonorrhoeae. However, other dyes including PrestoBlue, MTT, and NBT are less expensive than XTT and work well when added after bacterial growth has already occurred. By identifying the specific use cases of these dyes, this research lays the groundwork for future development of a color-based antibiotic susceptibility low-cost test for N. gonorrhoeae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Mae Oeschger
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - David Carl Erickson
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Division of Nutritional Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Azizi M, Nguyen AV, Dogan B, Zhang S, Simpson KW, Abbaspourrad A. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in a Rapid Single Test via an Egg-like Multivolume Microchamber-Based Microfluidic Platform. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:19581-19592. [PMID: 33884865 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c23096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fast determination of antimicrobial agents' effectiveness (susceptibility/resistance pattern) is an essential diagnostic step for treating bacterial infections and stopping world-wide outbreaks. Here, we report an egg-like multivolume microchamber-based microfluidic (EL-MVM2) platform, which is used to produce a wide range of gradient-based antibiotic concentrations quickly (∼10 min). The EL-MVM2 platform works based upon testing a bacterial suspension in multivolume microchambers (microchamber sizes that range from a volume of 12.56 to 153.86 nL). Antibiotic molecules from a stock solution diffuse into the microchambers of various volumes at the same loading rate, leading to different concentrations among the microchambers. Therefore, we can quickly and easily produce a robust antibiotic gradient-based concentration profile. The EL-MVM2 platform's diffusion (loading) pattern was investigated for different antibiotic drugs using both computational fluid dynamics simulations and experimental approaches. With an easy-to-follow protocol for sample loading and operation, the EL-MVM2 platform was also found to be of high precision with respect to predicting the susceptibility/resistance outcome (>97%; surpassing the FDA-approval criterion for technology-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing instruments). These features indicate that the EL-MVM2 is an effective, time-saving, and precise alternative to conventional antibiotic susceptibility testing platforms currently being used in clinical diagnostics and point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Azizi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ann V Nguyen
- Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Belgin Dogan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 602 Tower Rd., Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Shiying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 602 Tower Rd., Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kenneth W Simpson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 602 Tower Rd., Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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12
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Labadie M, Randrianjatovo-Gbalou I, Zaidi-Ait-Salem M, Dossat-Létisse V, Fontagné-Faucher C, Marcato-Romain CE. A dynamic resazurin microassay allowing accurate quantification of cells and suitable for acid-forming bacteria. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 183:106172. [PMID: 33610595 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A resazurin micro-assay was developed to quantify acidifying bacteria. The resorufin fluorescent signal was measured over time and the determined time to reach the max slope (TMS) was plotted against CFU (colony forming unit) counts. This dynamic assay enabled to quantify nine lactic acid bacteria and a Bacillus licheniformis strain despite the increasing acidity of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritxu Labadie
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IUT Paul Sabatier, LBAE EA 4565 (Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Agroalimentaire et Environnementale), 24 rue d'Embaquès, Auch F-32000, France
| | | | - Meriem Zaidi-Ait-Salem
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IUT Paul Sabatier, LBAE EA 4565 (Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Agroalimentaire et Environnementale), 24 rue d'Embaquès, Auch F-32000, France
| | - Valérie Dossat-Létisse
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IUT Paul Sabatier, LBAE EA 4565 (Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Agroalimentaire et Environnementale), 24 rue d'Embaquès, Auch F-32000, France
| | - Catherine Fontagné-Faucher
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IUT Paul Sabatier, LBAE EA 4565 (Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Agroalimentaire et Environnementale), 24 rue d'Embaquès, Auch F-32000, France
| | - Claire-Emmanuelle Marcato-Romain
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IUT Paul Sabatier, LBAE EA 4565 (Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Agroalimentaire et Environnementale), 24 rue d'Embaquès, Auch F-32000, France.
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13
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Abstract
Mitochondria, similar to living cells and organelles, have a negative membrane potential, which ranges between (-108) and (150) mV as compared to (-70) and (-90) mV of the plasma membrane. Therefore, permeable lipophilic cations tend to accumulate in the mitochondria. Those cations which exhibit fluorescence activity after accumulation into energized systems are widely used to decipher changes in membrane potential by imaging techniques. Here we describe the use of two different dyes for labeling mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in live cells. One is the lipophilic cation 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazol-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1), which alters reversibly its color from green (J-monomer, at its low concentration in the cytosol) to red (J-aggregates, at its high concentration in active mitochondria) with increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). The other is MitoTracker® Orange, a mitochondrion-selective probe which passively diffuses across the plasma membrane and accumulates in active mitochondria depending on their Δψm. We show that in addition to changes in Δψm, these specific dyes can be used to follow alterations in mitochondrial distribution and mitochondrial network connectivity. We suggest that JC-1 is a preferable probe to compare between different cell types and cell state, as a red to green ratio of fluorescence intensities is used for analysis. This ratio depends only on the mitochondrial membrane potential and not on other cellular and/or mitochondrial-dependent or independent factors that may alter, for example, due to treatment or disease state. However, in cells labeled either with green or red fluorescence protein, JC-1 cannot be used. Therefore, other dyes are preferable. We demonstrate various applications of JC-1 and MitoTracker Orange staining to study mitochondrial abnormalities in different cell types derived from schizophrenia patients and healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekaterina Yatchenko
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Neuroscience, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Neuroscience, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel.
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14
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Meyer M, Brunner F, Prescimone A, Constable EC, Housecroft CE. Desymmetrizing Heteroleptic [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF 6] Compounds: Effects on Structural and Photophysical Properties, and Solution Dynamic Behavior. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010125. [PMID: 33383919 PMCID: PMC7796056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation, characterization and electrochemical and photophysical properties of a series of desymmetrized heteroleptic [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF6] compounds are reported. The complexes incorporate the chelating P^P ligands bis(2-(diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl)ether (POP) and (9,9-dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(diphenylphosphane) (xantphos), and 6-substituted 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) derivatives with functional groups attached by –(CH2)n– spacers: 6-(2,2′-bipyridin-6-yl)hexanoic acid (1), 6-(5-phenylpentyl)-2,2′-bipyridine (2) and 6-[2-(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3,triazol-1-yl)ethyl]-2,2′-bipyridine (3). [Cu(POP)(1)][PF6], [Cu(xantphos)(1)][PF6], [Cu(POP)(2)][PF6], [Cu(xantphos)(2)][PF6], and [Cu(xantphos)(3)][PF6] have been characterized in solution using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and the single crystal structure of [Cu(xantphos)(3)][PF6].0.5Et2O was determined. The conformation of the 6-[2-(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3,triazol-1-yl)ethyl]-substituent in the [Cu(xantphos)(3)]+ cation is such that the α- and β-CH2 units reside in the xanthene ‘bowl’ of the xantphos ligand. The 6-substituent desymmetrizes the structure of the [Cu(P^P)(N^N)]+ cation and this has consequences for the interpretation of the solution NMR spectra of the five complexes. The NOESY spectra and EXSY cross-peaks provide insight into the dynamic processes operating in the different compounds. For powdered samples, emission maxima are in the range 542–555 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) lie in the range 13–28%, and a comparison of PLQYs and decay lifetimes with those of [Cu(xantphos)(6-Mebpy)][PF6] indicate that the introduction of the 6-substituent is not detrimental in terms of the photophysical properties.
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15
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G. Keller S, Kamiya M, Urano Y. Recent Progress in Small Spirocyclic, Xanthene-Based Fluorescent Probes. Molecules 2020; 25:E5964. [PMID: 33339370 PMCID: PMC7766215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of fluorescent probes in a multitude of applications is still an expanding field. This review covers the recent progress made in small molecular, spirocyclic xanthene-based probes containing different heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, silicon, carbon) in position 10'. After a short introduction, we will focus on applications like the interaction of probes with enzymes and targeted labeling of organelles and proteins, detection of small molecules, as well as their use in therapeutics or diagnostics and super-resolution microscopy. Furthermore, the last part will summarize recent advances in the synthesis and understanding of their structure-behavior relationship including novel computational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha G. Keller
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; (S.G.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Mako Kamiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; (S.G.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; (S.G.K.); (M.K.)
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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16
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Patel D, Peng R, Guo H, Lin R, Zhao Q, Liao J, Diwu Z. A highly selective fluorescent probe for the intracellular measurement of magnesium ion. Anal Biochem 2020; 609:113910. [PMID: 32822646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium ion (Mg+2) plays an important role in various biological processes. All the commercial indicators available share a common drawback, i.e., they have a higher affinity towards calcium ions (Ca+2) than Mg+2. In this study, we reported a new robust green fluorescent indicator, Mag-520, for detection of Mg+2 in live cells. Our results showed that Mag-520 has 10 fold higher affinity towards Mg+2 than Ca+2, while mag-fluo-4 has less than 0.5 fold affinity to Mg+2 than Ca+2 under the same conditions using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated that Mag-520 provides a better tool to measure Mg+2 with less interference from Ca+2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deven Patel
- AAT Bioquest, Inc. 520 Mercury Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA.
| | - Ruogu Peng
- AAT Bioquest, Inc. 520 Mercury Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Haitao Guo
- AAT Bioquest, Inc. 520 Mercury Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Raechel Lin
- AAT Bioquest, Inc. 520 Mercury Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Qin Zhao
- AAT Bioquest, Inc. 520 Mercury Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Jinfang Liao
- AAT Bioquest, Inc. 520 Mercury Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Zhenjun Diwu
- AAT Bioquest, Inc. 520 Mercury Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
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17
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Gentien D, Piqueret-Stephan L, Henry E, Albaud B, Rapinat A, Koscielny S, Scoazec JY, Vielh P. Digital Multiplexed Gene Expression Analysis of mRNA and miRNA from Routinely Processed and Stained Cytological Smears: A Proof-of-Principle Study. Acta Cytol 2020; 65:88-98. [PMID: 33011718 DOI: 10.1159/000510174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although transcriptomic assessments of small samples using high-throughput techniques are usually performed on fresh or frozen tissues, there is a growing demand for those performed on stained cellular specimens already used for diagnostic purposes. STUDY DESIGN The possibility of detecting mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) from routinely processed cytological samples using nCounter® technology was explored. Fresh samples from pleural and peritoneal effusions were analyzed using 2 parallel methods: samples were smeared and routinely stained using the May-Grünwald-Giemsa or Diff-Quik® method and mounted using conventional methods, and they were also studied following a snap freezing method, in which samples were maintained at -80°C until use. mRNAs and miRNAs were assessed and compared after total RNA extraction from both routinely processed samples and their matched frozen controls. RESULTS A good concordance was found between the gene expression measured in routinely processed samples and their matched frozen controls for the majority of mRNAs and miRNAs tested. However, the standard deviation of low-expressed miRNA was high. CONCLUSIONS Although nCounter® technology is a robust method to measure and characterize both mRNAs and miRNAs from routinely processed cytological samples, caution is recommended for the interpretation of low-expressed miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gentien
- Translational Research Department, Genomics Platform, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Laure Piqueret-Stephan
- INSERM UMR 981, Villejuif, France
- Translational Research Laboratory, AMMICa (CNRS UMS3655, INSERM US23, Paris Sud University) Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Emilie Henry
- Translational Research Department, Genomics Platform, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Albaud
- Translational Research Department, Genomics Platform, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Rapinat
- Translational Research Department, Genomics Platform, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Serge Koscielny
- Department of Biostatistics, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- Translational Research Laboratory, AMMICa (CNRS UMS3655, INSERM US23, Paris Sud University) Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Vielh
- INSERM UMR 981, Villejuif, France,
- Translational Research Laboratory, AMMICa (CNRS UMS3655, INSERM US23, Paris Sud University) Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France,
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France,
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18
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Figon F, Munsch T, Croix C, Viaud-Massuard MC, Lanoue A, Casas J. Uncyclized xanthommatin is a key ommochrome intermediate in invertebrate coloration. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 124:103403. [PMID: 32574597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ommochromes are widespread pigments that mediate multiple functions in invertebrates. The two main families of ommochromes are ommatins and ommins, which both originate from the kynurenine pathway but differ in their backbone, thereby in their coloration and function. Despite its broad significance, how the structural diversity of ommochromes arises in vivo has remained an open question since their first description. In this study, we combined organic synthesis, analytical chemistry and organelle purification to address this issue. From a set of synthesized ommatins, we derived a fragmentation pattern that helped elucidating the structure of new ommochromes. We identified uncyclized xanthommatin as the elusive biological intermediate that links the kynurenine pathway to the ommatin pathway within ommochromasomes, the ommochrome-producing organelles. Due to its unique structure, we propose that uncyclized xanthommatin functions as a key branching metabolite in the biosynthesis and structural diversification of ommatins and ommins, from insects to cephalopods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Figon
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France.
| | - Thibaut Munsch
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Cécile Croix
- Génétique, Immunothérapie, Chimie et Cancer, UMR CNRS 7292, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
| | | | - Arnaud Lanoue
- Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, EA 2106, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Jérôme Casas
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
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19
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Sadjadi S, Ghoreyshi Kahangi F, Dorraj M, Heravi MM. Ag Nanoparticles Stabilized on Cyclodextrin Polymer Decorated with Multi-Nitrogen Atom Containing Polymer: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Xanthenes. Molecules 2020; 25:E241. [PMID: 31936059 PMCID: PMC7024309 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In attempt to broaden the use of cyclodextrin polymer for catalytic purposes, a novel covalent hybrid system was prepared through growth of multi-nitrogen atom containing polymer (PMelamine) derived from reaction of ethylenediamine and 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine on the functionalized cyclodextrin polymer (CDNS). The resulting hybrid system was then utilized as a catalyst support for the immobilization of silver nanoparticles through using Cuscuta epithymum extract as a naturally-derived reducing agent. The catalytic activity of the catalyst, Ag@CDNS-N/PMelamine, for the synthesis of xanthenes through reaction of aldehydes and dimedone in aqueous media was examined. The results showed high catalytic activity and recyclability of the catalyst. It was believed that cyclodextrin in the backbone of the catalyst could act both as a capping agent for Ag nanoparticles and phase transfer agent to bring the hydrophobic substrates in the vicinity of the catalytic active sites and accelerate the reaction rate. Multi-nitrogen atoms on the polymer, on the other hand, could improve the Ag NPs anchoring and suppress their leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, P.O. Box 14975112, Tehran 1497713115, Iran;
| | | | - Masoumeh Dorraj
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemicals Institute, P.O. Box 14975112, Tehran 1497713115, Iran;
| | - Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, P.O. Box 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran 1993891176, Iran
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20
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Abstract
Measuring viability is an important and necessary assessment in studying microorganisms. Several methods can be applied to Leptospira spp., each with advantages and inconveniencies. Here, we describe the traditional colony-forming unit method, together with two other methods based, respectively, on the reducing capacity of live cells (Alamar Blue® Assay) and differential staining of live and dead cells (LIVE/DEAD BacLight®). The Alamar Blue® Assay uses the blue reagent resazurin, which can be reduced into the pink reagent resorufin by live cell oxidoreductases. Production of resorufin can be quantified by absorbance or fluorescence reading. The LIVE/DEAD BacLight® assay uses a mixture of two nucleic acid dyes (Syto9 and propidium iodide) that differentially penetrate and stain nucleic acid of cells with decreased membrane integrity. The colony-forming unit method is labor-intensive but the most sensitive and linear method. The two other methods are not laborious and well-adapted to high-throughput studies, but the range of detection and linearity are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Benaroudj
- Unité de Biologie des Spirochètes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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21
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Wan Y, Li Y, Liao Z, Tang Z, Li Y, Zhao Y, Xiong B. A new xanthene-based fluorescent probe with a red light emission for selectively detecting glutathione and imaging in living cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 223:117265. [PMID: 31234021 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant low-molecular-weight cysteine-containing thiol in cells, which plays an essential role in many biological processes. Most reported fluorescent probes towards GSH possess short excitation and emission wavelength, which could result in low tissue penetration, high background fluorescence and photodamage to biological samples. Herein, a novel turn-on fluorescent probe (ADS) with the xanthene skeleton for GSH detection was developed based on a fluorophore, ACF-NH2. The probe had a red light emission (λem = 630 nm) and exhibited a good linear relationship for exogenous GSH (1-6 mM) and a good limit of detection (LOD: 13.1 μM, based on S/N = 3), which implied that it was possible to detect the change of GSH in the living cells (0.5-10 mM) by further structural modification. The probe displayed excellent selectivity for GSH over other analytes and good anti-interference ability. Moreover, cell viability assay indicated that ADS was biocompatible and exhibited very low cytotoxicity. A combination of mass spectrum analysis and density functional theory calculation was performed to explain the sensing mechanism of the probe. In addition, it was applied to image GSH in living cells successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China.
| | - Yuanhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China
| | - Yunhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, PR China
| | - Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China
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22
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Guo SH, Leng TH, Wang K, Shen YJ, Wang CY. A near-infrared xanthene-based fluorescent probe for selective detection of hydrazine and its application in living cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 223:117344. [PMID: 31319274 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing fluorescent probes for selective determination of the toxic and carcinogenic hydrazine are pretty significant. Herein, a rhodamine dye coupled to naphthalene was selected as a near-infrared fluorophore and acetyl group as a trigger unit for hydrazine sensing with a Stokes shifts of 62 nm. The probe showed about 77-fold NIR fluorescence enhancement in the presence of hydrazine. In addition, the detection limit was as low as 3.4 ppb, and the fluorescence intensity at 654 nm showed a satisfactory linearity with the concentration range of hydrazine from 0 to 120 μM. More importantly, the practical utility of probe has been successfully proved through the fluorescence bioimaging of hydrazine in living cells with low cytotoxicity and quantitative N2H4 detection in environmental water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Tao-Hua Leng
- National Food Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Shanghai), Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yong-Jia Shen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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23
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Ren BY, Tan YM, Sun CL, Sheng YG. Synthesis and Properties of a Bay-Annulated-Indigo Tetramer Based on Low-Cost Spiro[Fluorene-9,9'-Xanthene] Core. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193623. [PMID: 31597324 PMCID: PMC6804169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-dimensional bay-annulated-indigo (BAI) tetramer has been prepared by appending BAI units onto a low-cost spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene] (SFX) core. The target compound 4BAI-SFX exhibits strong and broad absorption in the visible region covering the range of 450~700 nm. The electrochemical measurement illuminates the characteristics of a deep lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level and multiple redox states of 4BAI-SFX. These results suggest that 4BAI-SFX should be a selectable electron-transporting material for eco-friendly organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Yi Ren
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Yan-Mei Tan
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Chang-Liang Sun
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Yong-Gang Sheng
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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24
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Hancock AM, Meredith SA, Connell SD, Jeuken LJC, Adams PG. Proteoliposomes as energy transferring nanomaterials: enhancing the spectral range of light-harvesting proteins using lipid-linked chromophores. Nanoscale 2019; 11:16284-16292. [PMID: 31465048 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04653d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bio-hybrid nanomaterials have great potential for combining the most desirable aspects of biomolecules and the contemporary concepts of nanotechnology to create highly efficient light-harvesting materials. Light-harvesting proteins are optimized to absorb and transfer solar energy with remarkable efficiency but have a spectral range that is limited by their natural pigment complement. Herein, we present the development of model membranes ("proteoliposomes") in which the absorption range of the membrane protein Light-Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) is effectively enhanced by the addition of lipid-tethered Texas Red (TR) chromophores. Energy transfer from TR to LHCII is observed with up to 94% efficiency and increased LHCII fluorescence of up to three-fold when excited in the region of lowest natural absorption. The new self-assembly procedure offers the modularity to control the concentrations incorporated of TR and LHCII, allowing energy transfer and fluorescence to be tuned. Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy provides single-proteoliposome-level quantification of energy transfer efficiency and confirms that functionality is retained on surfaces. Designer proteoliposomes could act as a controllable light-harvesting nanomaterial and are a promising step in the development of bio-hybrid light-harvesting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Hancock
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sophie A Meredith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Simon D Connell
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lars J C Jeuken
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK and School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Peter G Adams
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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25
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Hu J, Liu MH, Zhang CY. Construction of Tetrahedral DNA-Quantum Dot Nanostructure with the Integration of Multistep Förster Resonance Energy Transfer for Multiplex Enzymes Assay. ACS Nano 2019; 13:7191-7201. [PMID: 31180625 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) DNA scaffolds with well-defined structure and high controllability hold promising potentials for biosensing and drug delivery. However, most of 3D DNA scaffolds can detect only a single type of molecule with the involvement of complex logic operations. Herein, we develop a 3D DNA nanostructure with the capability of multiplexed detection by exploiting a multistep Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The tetrahedron-structured DNA is constructed by four oligonucleotide strands and is subsequently conjugated to a streptavidin-coated quantum dot (QD) to obtain a QD-Cy3-Texas Red-Cy5 tetrahedron DNA. This QD-Cy3-Texas Red-Cy5 tetrahedral DNA nanostructure has well-defined dye-to-dye spacing and high controllability for energy transfer between intermediary acceptors and terminal acceptors, enabling the generation of multistep FRET between the QD and three dyes (i.e., Cy3, Texas Red, and Cy5) for simultaneous detection of multiple endonucleases and methyltransferases even in complex biological samples as well as the screening of multiple enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Ming-Hao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
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26
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Abstract
A new oxidized xanthene, acrotrione (1), and two known acetophenones (2 and 3) were isolated from a methanol extract of the roots of Acronychia pubescens. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of its (+)-HRESIMS, 2D NMR, and ECD data. Acritrione (1) contains an unusual oxidized furo[2,3- c]xanthene moiety that has not been previously reported. Moderate antiplasmodial activity for these natural products against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) Plasmodium falciparum was determined with IC50 values ranging from 1.7 to 4.7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke P Robertson
- Environmental Futures Research Institute , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Southport 4222 , Australia
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Nathan Campus , Brisbane 4111 , Australia
| | - Leonardo Lucantoni
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Nathan Campus , Brisbane 4111 , Australia
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Nathan Campus , Brisbane 4111 , Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Nathan Campus , Brisbane 4111 , Australia
| | - Anthony R Carroll
- Environmental Futures Research Institute , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Southport 4222 , Australia
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Nathan Campus , Brisbane 4111 , Australia
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27
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Zhao X, Chen Y, Niu G, Gu D, Wang J, Cao Y, Yin Y, Li X, Ding D, Xi R, Meng M. Photostable pH-Sensitive Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen for Long-Term Mitochondrial Tracking. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:13134-13139. [PMID: 30901189 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial in the process of oxidative metabolism and apoptosis. Their morphology is greatly associated with the development of certain diseases. For specific and long-term imaging of mitochondrial morphology, we synthesized a new mitochondria-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (TPE-Xan-In) by incorporating TPE with a NIR merocyanine skeleton (Xan-In). TPE-Xan-In displayed both absorption (660 nm) and emission peaks (743 nm) in the NIR region. Moreover, it showed aggregation-induced emission properties at neutral pH and specifically illuminated mitochondria with good biocompatibility, superior photostability, and high tolerance to mitochondrial membrane potential changes. With a pH-responsive unit, hydroxyl xanthene (Xan), the probe exhibited a pH-sensitive fluorescence emission in the range of pH 4.0-7.0, which indicated its potential in long-term tracking of pH and morphology changes of mitochondria in the biomedical research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Guiyu Niu
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Dening Gu
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Jianning Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Yanmei Cao
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100730 , China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Rimo Xi
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
| | - Meng Meng
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300353 , China
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28
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Fatsis-Kavalopoulos N, O'Callaghan P, Xie B, Hernández Vera R, Idevall-Hagren O, Kreuger J. Formation of precisely composed cancer cell clusters using a cell assembly generator (CAGE) for studying paracrine signaling at single-cell resolution. Lab Chip 2019; 19:1071-1081. [PMID: 30783638 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01153b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The function and behaviour of any given cell in a healthy tissue, or in a tumor, is affected by interactions with its neighboring cells. It is therefore important to create methods that allow for reconstruction of tissue niches in vitro for studies of cell-cell signaling and associated cell behaviour. To this end we created the cell assembly generator (CAGE), a microfluidic device which enables the organization of different cell types into precise cell clusters in a flow chamber compatible with high-resolution microscopy. In proof-of-concept paracrine signalling experiments, 4-cell clusters consisting of one pancreatic β-cell and three breast cancer cells were formed. It has previously been established that extracellular ATP induces calcium (Ca2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cytosol before it is cleared back into the ER via sarcoplasmic/ER Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pumps. Here, ATP release from the β-cell was stimulated by depolarization, and dynamic changes in Ca2+ levels in the adjacent cancer cells measured using imaging of the calcium indicator Fluo-4. We established that changes in the concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ in the cancer cells were proportional to the distance from the ATP-releasing β-cell. Additionally, we established that the relationship between distance and cytosolic calcium changes were dependent on Ca2+-release from the ER using 5-cell clusters composed of one β-cell, two untreated cancer cells and two cancer cells pretreated with Thapsigargin (to deplete the ER of Ca2+). These experiments show that the CAGE can be used to create exact cell clusters, which affords precise control for reductionist studies of cell-cell signalling and permits the formation of heterogenous cell models of specific tissue niches.
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29
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Padhi S, Masi M, Cimmino A, Tuzi A, Jena S, Tayung K, Evidente A. Funiculosone, a substituted dihydroxanthene-1,9-dione with two of its analogues produced by an endolichenic fungus Talaromyces funiculosus and their antimicrobial activity. Phytochemistry 2019; 157:175-183. [PMID: 30419411 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An undescribed substituted dihydroxanthene-1,9-dione, named funiculosone, was isolated together with its two analogues identified as mangrovamide J and ravenelin, from the culture filtrates of Talaromyces funiculosus (Thom) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert (Trichocomaceae), an endolichenic fungus isolated from lichen thallus of Diorygma hieroglyphicum (Pers.) Staiger & Kalb (Graphidaceae), in India. Funiculosone was characterized, essentially by spectroscopic methods, as 4,8,9a-trihydroxy-3,4a-dimethyl-4a,9a-dihydro-4H-xanthene-1,9-dione. Its relative stereochemistry was deduced by single crystal X-ray analysis while the absolute configuration was assigned as 4S,4aS,9aS by ECD spectra in comparison to that of the closely related mangrovamide J. This latter, to which, not being an amide, an inappropriate common name was given, was only recently isolated, together with undescribed and known prenylatedindole alkaloids and chromone derivatives from an unidentified Penicillium sp. X-ray structural analysis of the isolated mangrovamide J, for which no biological activity was previously reported, revealed polymorphism and a new crystalline phase is described. All the compounds displayed antibacterial activity with an IC50 range 23-104 μg/mL when assayed against Escherichia coli Escherich and Staphylococcus aureus Ogston. Funiculosone also showed anticandidal activity against Candida albicans Berkhout with an IC50 35 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srichanadan Padhi
- Department of Botany, North Orissa University, Baripada, 757003, India
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Tuzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Subhrakanta Jena
- Department of Zoology, North Orissa University, Baripada, 757003, India
| | | | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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30
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Zhang N, Dong B, Kong X, Wang C, Song W, Lin W. Two-photon imaging of 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) by a red-emissive fluorescent probe in living cells, tissues and animals. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 205:528-533. [PMID: 30077141 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
1,4-Dithiothreitol (DTT) is an important small-molecular reducing agent and has extensive applications in biochemistry, peptide/protein chemistry and clinical medicine. The development of effective methods for monitoring DTT is of great importance for its safe use and studying its toxicity to human. In this work, we present a two-photon red-emissive probe for the imaging of DTT in living cells, tissues and animals. The probe employed a two-photon red-emissive xanthene dye as the fluorophore and selected 2,4-dinitrophenylate as the novel recognition site for DTT. In response to DTT, the probe displayed excellent sensitivity and selectivity. The probe was successfully applied to the two-photon imaging of DTT in living cells, and the imaging of DTT in living tissues and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Baoli Dong
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Wenhui Song
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China.
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31
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Patejdl R, Noack T. Calcium movement in smooth muscle and evaluation of graded functional intercellular coupling. Chaos 2018; 28:106311. [PMID: 30384639 DOI: 10.1063/1.5035168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous activity of vascular smooth muscle is present in small arteries and some venous tissues like the hepatic portal vein. Whereas the ability to generate rhythmic membrane potential changes is expressed in a high number of primary oscillators, the generation of physiological tone and phasic activity requires synchronization of specialized pacemaker activity (Interstitial Cajal-like cells) by intercellular propagation and regeneration of excitation or a strong coupling mechanism of smooth muscle cells. The aim of this study was to deduce oscillator coupling by analyzing the spatiotemporal homogeneity of calcium oscillations within a native tissue preparation. Portal vein tissue was loaded with a calcium-sensitive dye (Fluo-3). By combining confocal microscopy and computation of spatial auto- and cross-correlation of the calcium signals, temporal and spatial coupling between cells was characterized. Spontaneous oscillations of calcium signals were measured at different predefined regions of interest. Cross-correlation analysis of these signals revealed that their damping was very similar in all directions of the investigated z-plane. In single experiments, improved cell-to-cell coupling was seen when noradrenaline (1-10 μM) was added to the bath-solution. With the chosen parameters of frame refresh, the velocity of signal propagation was faster than the maximum detectable velocity, but it could be estimated to exceed 0.1 mm/s. Correlative Network Analysis is a new and very useful tool to determine the functional coupling parameters of quasi-homogenous biological networks and their temporal changes. The action and significance of pharmacological modulators can be well studied on cellular and functional aspects with this newly introduced technique in biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Patejdl
- Department of Physiology, University of Rostock, Universitätsmedizin, Oscar-Langendorff Institut für Physiologie, Gertrudenstr. 9, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - T Noack
- Department of Physiology, University of Rostock, Universitätsmedizin, Oscar-Langendorff Institut für Physiologie, Gertrudenstr. 9, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
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32
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Xu L, Cai J, Tian A, Qian K, Qin R, Qi S, Tan X, Qiu Y, Gong M, Han B, Hu X. The Effect of Prim-O-Glucosylcimifugin on Tryptase-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Caco-2 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1355-1361. [PMID: 29910215 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier dysfunction is a critical pathological change in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (POG) on intestinal barrier dysfunction and reveal possible molecular mechanisms. Human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) cell monolayers induced by tryptase (TRYP) were used to establish an intestinal barrier dysfunction model. Caco-2 cell monolayers from both functional and dysfunctional samples were treated with POG (30, 60 and 120 µg/mL) for 2, 8, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h. The Caco-2 cell monolayers were assessed by measurement of trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and percentage of fluorescein permeation (PFP). The expression of Protease Activated Receptor 2 (PAR-2) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR and the level of Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein expression was determined by Western blot. In addition, the impact of POG on the distribution of the tight juction protein of Occludin was performed by immunofluorescence. Our results showed that POG elevated the TEER and decreased the PFP of the functional Caco-2 cell monolayers, as well as the dysfunctional Caco-2 cell monolayers. Furthermore, POG inhibited the expression of PAR-2 mRNA and MLCK mRNA and increased the level of ZO-1 protein expression in dysfunctional Caco-2 cells. The distribution of the Occludin proteins was ameliorated simultaneously. This study demonstrates that POG can enhance the intestinal barrier function of Caco-2 cell monolayers by inhibiting the expression of PAR-2 and MLCK and up-regulating the expression of ZO-1 protein, and ameliorated the distribution of Occludin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Jieyi Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Aofei Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Kai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Renan Qin
- Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Hutchison Whampoa Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd
| | - Shaoyun Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Xupeng Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yuqin Qiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Mengjuan Gong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Bin Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Xuguang Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
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33
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Gril B, Paranjape AN, Woditschka S, Hua E, Dolan EL, Hanson J, Wu X, Kloc W, Izycka-Swieszewska E, Duchnowska R, Pęksa R, Biernat W, Jassem J, Nayyar N, Brastianos PK, Hall OM, Peer CJ, Figg WD, Pauly GT, Robinson C, Difilippantonio S, Bialecki E, Metellus P, Schneider JP, Steeg PS. Reactive astrocytic S1P3 signaling modulates the blood-tumor barrier in brain metastases. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2705. [PMID: 30006619 PMCID: PMC6045677 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are devastating complications of cancer. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which protects the normal brain, morphs into an inadequately characterized blood-tumor barrier (BTB) when brain metastases form, and is surrounded by a neuroinflammatory response. These structures contribute to poor therapeutic efficacy by limiting drug uptake. Here, we report that experimental breast cancer brain metastases of low- and high permeability to a dextran dye exhibit distinct microenvironmental gene expression patterns. Astrocytic sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 3 (S1P3) is upregulated in the neuroinflammatory response of the highly permeable lesions, and is expressed in patients' brain metastases. S1P3 inhibition functionally tightens the BTB in vitro and in vivo. S1P3 mediates its effects on BTB permeability through astrocytic secretion of IL-6 and CCL2, which relaxes endothelial cell adhesion. Tumor cell overexpression of S1P3 mimics this pathway, enhancing IL-6 and CCL-2 production and elevating BTB permeability. In conclusion, neuroinflammatory astrocytic S1P3 modulates BTB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunilde Gril
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
| | | | - Stephan Woditschka
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Emily Hua
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Emma L Dolan
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hanson
- Laboratory of Pathology, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Genomics Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Wojciech Kloc
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Varmia & Masuria University, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copernicus Hospital Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-803, Poland
| | - Ewa Izycka-Swieszewska
- Department of Pathology & Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-210, Poland
- Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-803, Poland
| | - Renata Duchnowska
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, 04-141, Poland
| | - Rafał Pęksa
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki St, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Biernat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki St, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-211, Poland
| | - Naema Nayyar
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Priscilla K Brastianos
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - O Morgan Hall
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Cody J Peer
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Gary T Pauly
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, CCR, NCI, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Christina Robinson
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Simone Difilippantonio
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Emilie Bialecki
- Département de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Privé Clairval, Ramsay Général de Santé, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Philippe Metellus
- Département de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Privé Clairval, Ramsay Général de Santé, Marseille, 13009, France
- Institut de Neurophysiopathologie-UMR 7051, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, 13344, France
| | - Joel P Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, CCR, NCI, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Patricia S Steeg
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
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Kumagai M, Nishikawa K, Matsuura H, Umezawa T, Matsuda F, Okino T. Antioxidants from the Brown Alga Dictyopteris undulata. Molecules 2018; 23:E1214. [PMID: 29783698 PMCID: PMC6099395 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An investigation of anti-oxidative compounds from the brown alga Dictyopteris undulata has led to the isolation and identification of isozonarol, isozonarone, chromazonarol, zonaroic acid and isozonaroic acid. Their structures were identified by comparison of MS and NMR spectra. Full NMR assignment and absolute configuration of isozonaroic acid are described. Isozonarol showed the most potent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity among the compounds isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momochika Kumagai
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Nishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Matsuura
- National Institute of Technology, Asahikawa College, Asahikawa 071-8142, Japan.
| | - Taiki Umezawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Fuyuhiko Matsuda
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Tatsufumi Okino
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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Okabe K, Sakaguchi R, Shi B, Kiyonaka S. Intracellular thermometry with fluorescent sensors for thermal biology. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:717-731. [PMID: 29397424 PMCID: PMC5942359 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Temperature influences the activities of living organisms at various levels. Cells not only detect environmental temperature changes through their unique temperature-sensitive molecular machineries but also muster an appropriate response to the temperature change to maintain their inherent functions. Despite the fundamental involvement of temperature in physiological phenomena, the mechanism by which cells produce and use heat is largely unknown. Recently, fluorescent thermosensors that function as thermometers in live cells have attracted much attention in biology. These new tools, made of various temperature-sensitive molecules, have allowed for intracellular thermometry at the single-cell level. Intriguing spatiotemporal temperature variations, including organelle-specific thermogenesis, have been revealed with these fluorescent thermosensors, which suggest an intrinsic connection between temperature and cell functions. Moreover, fluorescent thermosensors have shown that intracellular temperature changes at the microscopic level are largely different from those assumed for a water environment at the macroscopic level. Thus, the employment of fluorescent thermosensors will uncover novel mechanisms of intracellular temperature-assisted physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohki Okabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- JST, PRESTO, 4-8-1 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Reiko Sakaguchi
- World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Beini Shi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kiyonaka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
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36
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Yu X, Xu J, Liu W, Xu W. Bubbles Induce Endothelial Microparticle Formation via a Calcium-Dependent Pathway Involving Flippase Inactivation and Rho Kinase Activation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 46:965-974. [PMID: 29669319 DOI: 10.1159/000488825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Intravascular bubbles can exert pleiotropic detrimental effects, partly by inducing endothelial microparticles (EMPs) production, which play critical roles in cell communication and vascular inflammation cascades. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to delineate the possible mechanisms involving bubble-induced EMPs formation. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were contacted by bubbles and EMPs level in supernatant were quantified by flow cytometry. Cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) was measured by the Ca2+ binding dyes Fluo-3 AM and flippase activity was assessed by translocation rate of fluorescent phosphatidylserine (PS) analogue NBD-PS. Protein levels of phospho-myosin light chain (MLC, a Rho kinase substrate) and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 or 2 (ERK1/2) were determined by western blotting. The score of actin colocalization was assessed by phalloidin-FITC using an immunofluorescent microscopy. RESULTS EMPs level markedly increased after bubble stimulus. Cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) significantly elevated (P< 0.05), flippase activity decreased (P< 0.05), protein levels of phospho- MLC and phospho- ERK1/2 significantly increased (P< 0.05, P < 0.05), and the score of actin colocalization markedly reduced (P< 0.05) in bubble-stimulated HUVECs. All the above changes except the increase in phospho-ERK1/2 can be reversed by Ca2+ channel blocker LaCl3 (P< 0.05). Additionally, MLC phosphorylation was significantly inhibited and actin colocalization markedly increased by Rho kinase inhibitor pretreatment and more importantly, bubble-induced EMPs markedly decreased. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that bubble stimulates EMPs formation by cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation and subsequently activating Rho kinase pathway and cytoskeleton reorganization. Simultaneously, cytoplasmic Ca2+ inhibits the flippase activity and subsequently increases phosphatidylserine exposure, which also contributes to EMPs formation.
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Redjdal W, Ibrahim N, Benmerad B, Alami M, Messaoudi S. Convergent Synthesis of N,S-bis Glycosylquinolin-2-ones via a Pd-G3-XantPhos Precatalyst Catalysis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030519. [PMID: 29495402 PMCID: PMC6017768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Buchwald-Hartwig-Migita cross-coupling of 1-thiosugars with α- or β-3-iodo-N-glycosylquinolin-2-ones has been accomplished under mild and operationally simple reaction conditions through the use of a Pd-G3 XantPhos palladacycle precatalyst. This new methodology has been successfully applied to a variety of α- or β-mono-, di-, and poly-thiosugar derivatives to efficiently synthesize a series of α- or β-N,S-bis-glycosyl quinolin-2-ones, which are difficult to synthesize by classical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Redjdal
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et Catalyse, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université de Bejaia, 0600 Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - Nada Ibrahim
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France.
| | - Belkacem Benmerad
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et Catalyse, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université de Bejaia, 0600 Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - Mouad Alami
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France.
| | - Samir Messaoudi
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France.
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Csepregi R, Lemli B, Kunsági-Máté S, Szente L, Kőszegi T, Németi B, Poór M. Complex Formation of Resorufin and Resazurin with Β-Cyclodextrins: Can Cyclodextrins Interfere with a Resazurin Cell Viability Assay? Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020382. [PMID: 29439432 PMCID: PMC6017802 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Resazurin (or Alamar Blue) is a poorly fluorescent dye. During the cellular reduction of resazurin, its highly fluorescent product resorufin is formed. Resazurin assay is a commonly applied method to investigate viability of bacterial and mammalian cells. In this study, the interaction of resazurin and resorufin with β-cyclodextrins was investigated employing spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies. Furthermore, the influence of β-cyclodextrins on resazurin-based cell viability assay was also tested. Both resazurin and resorufin form stable complexes with the examined β-cyclodextrins (2.0–3.1 × 103 and 1.3–1.8 × 103 L/mol were determined as binding constants, respectively). Cells were incubated for 30 and 120 min and treated with resazurin and/or β-cyclodextrins. Our results suggest that cyclodextrins are able to interfere with the resazurin-based cell viability assay that presumably results from the following mechanisms: (1) inhibition of the cellular uptake of resazurin and (2) enhancement of the fluorescence signal of the formed resorufin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Csepregi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs H-7624, Hungary; (R.C.); (T.K.)
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary; (B.L.); (S.K.-M.)
| | - Beáta Lemli
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary; (B.L.); (S.K.-M.)
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kunsági-Máté
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary; (B.L.); (S.K.-M.)
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Lajos Szente
- CycloLab Cyclodextrin Research & Development Laboratory, Ltd., Budapest H-1097, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Kőszegi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs H-7624, Hungary; (R.C.); (T.K.)
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary; (B.L.); (S.K.-M.)
| | - Balázs Németi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pécs H-7624, Hungary;
| | - Miklós Poór
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary; (B.L.); (S.K.-M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pécs H-7624, Hungary;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-72-536-000 (ext. 31646)
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Vismeh R, Haddad D, Moore J, Nielson C, Bals B, Campbell T, Julian A, Teymouri F, Jones AD, Bringi V. Exposure Assessment of Acetamide in Milk, Beef, and Coffee Using Xanthydrol Derivatization and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:298-305. [PMID: 29186951 PMCID: PMC5765534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Acetamide has been classified as a possible human carcinogen, but uncertainties exist about its levels in foods. This report presents evidence that thermal decomposition of N-acetylated sugars and amino acids in heated gas chromatograph injectors contributes to artifactual acetamide in milk and beef. An alternative gas chromatography/mass spectrometry protocol based on derivatization of acetamide with 9-xanthydrol was optimized and shown to be free of artifactual acetamide formation. The protocol was validated using a surrogate analyte approach based on d3-acetamide and applied to analyze 23 pasteurized whole milk, 44 raw sirloin beef, and raw milk samples from 14 different cows, and yielded levels about 10-fold lower than those obtained by direct injection without derivatization. The xanthydrol derivatization procedure detected acetamide in every food sample tested at 390 ± 60 ppb in milk, 400 ± 80 ppb in beef, and 39 000 ± 9000 ppb in roasted coffee beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Vismeh
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Diane Haddad
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Janette Moore
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Chandra Nielson
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Bryan Bals
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Tim Campbell
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Allen Julian
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - Farzaneh Teymouri
- Michigan
Biotechnology Institute, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - A. Daniel Jones
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- E-mail: ; Phone: +1-517-432-7126; Fax: +1-517-353-9334
| | - Venkataraman Bringi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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40
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Okuno Y, Cavagnero S. Effect of heavy atoms on photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization in liquids. J Magn Reson 2018; 286:172-187. [PMID: 29274568 PMCID: PMC5767533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Given its short hyperpolarization time (∼10-6 s) and mostly non-perturbative nature, photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) is a powerful tool for sensitivity enhancement in nuclear magnetic resonance. In this study, we explore the extent of 1H-detected 13C nuclear hyperpolarization that can be gained via photo-CIDNP in the presence of small-molecule additives containing a heavy atom. The underlying rationale for this methodology is the well-known external-heavy-atom (EHA) effect, which leads to significant enhancements in the intersystem-crossing rate of selected photosensitizer dyes from photoexcited singlet to triplet. We exploited the EHA effect upon addition of moderate amounts of halogen-atom-containing cosolutes. The resulting increase in the transient triplet-state population of the photo-CIDNP sensitizer fluorescein resulted in a significant increase in the nuclear hyperpolarization achievable via photo-CIDNP in liquids. We also explored the internal-heavy-atom (IHA) effect, which is mediated by halogen atoms covalently incorporated into the photosensitizer dye. Widely different outcomes were achieved in the case of EHA and IHA, with EHA being largely preferable in terms of net hyperpolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Okuno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Hamasaki M, Chang KHF, Nabeshima K, Tauchi-Nishi PS. Intraoperative Squash and Touch Preparation Cytology of Brain Lesions Stained with H+E and Diff-Quik™: A 20-Year Retrospective Analysis and Comparative Literature Review. Acta Cytol 2017; 62:44-53. [PMID: 28977789 DOI: 10.1159/000480063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Squash preparation (SP) is a rapid technique for the intraoperative assessment of brain lesions. Only a few studies have employed touch preparation (TP) cytology and Diff-QuikTM (DQ) staining in conjunction with SP. Our study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of SP of brain lesions at our institution, ascertain the additional effect of TP and DQ staining, examine factors affecting the sensitivity and specificity of our methods, and compare our findings with those of previous investigations. STUDY DESIGN Our database was searched for all SP/TP of brain lesions examined from January 1996 to December 2016. RESULTS During this 20-year study period, our search revealed 400 brain lesions diagnosed by SP/TP cytology. There were 338 (84.5%) neoplasms and 62 (15.5%) nonneoplastic lesions. The most common neoplasms were glioblastoma multiforme (24.6%), metastatic cancer (18.3%), meningioma (16.9%), astrocytoma (11.5%), lymphoma (8.3%), oligoastrocytoma (3.3%), and pituitary adenoma (3.3%). There was discordance between the SP/TP and histological diagnoses in 19/338 (5.6%) cases, i.e., 12 misclassifications of tumor subtype and 7 sampling errors. No false-positive cases were detected. CONCLUSION Brain SP/TP stained with H+E/DQ demonstrated high sensitivity (97.9%), specificity (100%), and overall diagnostic accuracy (95.3%). The combined methods, in particular, aided in the diagnosis of brain tumors prone to smearing artifacts and certain metastatic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hamasaki
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Xu XH, Liu QY, Li T, Liu JL, Chen X, Huang L, Qiang WA, Chen X, Wang Y, Lin LG, Lu JJ. Garcinone E induces apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10718. [PMID: 28878295 PMCID: PMC5587559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological malignant tumor. In this study, 24 xanthones were isolated and identified from the pericarps of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), and their anti-proliferative activities were tested in ovarian cancer cells. Garcinone E (GE) was found to exhibit excellent anti-proliferative effects among the tested xanthones. It significantly inhibited the proliferation in HEY, A2780, and A2780/Taxol cells as evidenced by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, annexin V/PI staining, and JC-1 staining. It induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activated the protective inositol-requiring kinase (IRE)-1α pathway. Knocking down IRE-1α further activated the caspase cascade and caused an increase in cell death. Moreover, GE eliminated the migratory ability of HEY cells by reducing the expression of RhoA and Rac. It also blocked the invasion, which might be related to downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), i.e., MMP-9 and MMP-2, and upregulation of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP) -1 and TIMP-2. In summary, GE exerts anticancer activities by inducing apoptosis and suppressing migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cells, which indicates its therapeutic potential for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Huang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Qian-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Guangdong Medical Device Quality Surveillance and Test Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jian-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wen-An Qiang
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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Teethaisong Y, Evans K, Nakouti I, Tiamyom K, Ketudat-Cairns JR, Hobbs G, Eumkeb G. The performance of a resazurin chromogenic agar plate with a combined disc method for rapid screening of extended-spectrum-β-lactamases, AmpC β-lactamases and co-β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. Microbiol Immunol 2017; 61:297-304. [PMID: 28685856 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A promising means of rapid screening of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase, and co-production of ESBL and AmpC that combines resazurin chromogenic agar (RCA) with a combined disc method is here reported. Cefpodoxime (CPD) discs with and without clavulanic acid (CA), cloxacillin (CX) and CA+CX were evaluated against 86 molecularly confirmed β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, including 15 ESBLs, 32 AmpCs, nine co-producers of ESBL and AmpC and 30 carbapenemase producers. The CA and CX synergy test successfully detected all ESBL producers (100% sensitivity and 98.6% specificity) and all AmpC producers (100% sensitivity and 96.36% specificity). This assay also performed well in screening for co-existence of ESBL and AmpC (88.89% sensitivity and 100% specificity). The RCA assay is simple and inexpensive and provides results within 7 hr. It can be performed in any microbiological laboratory, in particular, in geographic regions in which ESBL, AmpC or co-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae are endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yothin Teethaisong
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
- School of Preclinic, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Katie Evans
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Ismini Nakouti
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Kanokwan Tiamyom
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - James R Ketudat-Cairns
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Glyn Hobbs
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Griangsak Eumkeb
- School of Preclinic, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
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Hülsemann F, Koehler K, Flenker U, Schänzer W. Do we excrete what we eat? Analysis of stable nitrogen isotope ratios of human urinary urea. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2017; 31:1221-1227. [PMID: 28466567 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Natural stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15 N) are frequently used for the determination of provenance and dietary assessment of recent and ancient humans. Although individual δ15 N values typically correspond to the dietary δ15 N composition, they are also affected by metabolic conditions. Preferred matrices for the measurement of human δ15 N values have been hair, nail or blood. The goal of this study was to validate a novel approach for the assessment of the δ15 N values from urinary urea, the principal end-product of human N metabolism. METHODS The method, which involves the precipitation of urea from urine using xanthydrol, was validated using fortified urea solutions. Intra- and inter-individual variance of the δ15 N values of urinary urea was determined from samples obtained from multiple human subjects. RESULTS Precipitation with xanthydrol did not alter the δ15 N values of urea. The mean δ15 N value in urinary urea from human subjects from Germany was +4.4 ± 0.6 ‰, which corresponds to the estimated dietary composition. It falls below previously reported δ15 N values for human tissue and blood samples. Longitudinal analyses over 7 days illustrate short-time changes linked to varying protein intake. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that δ15 N values can be measured reliably from human urine and that the method is suitable to monitor rapid dietary and metabolic changes of an individual. Our findings further confirm that urinary urea is depleted in 15 N compared with human tissue but within the range of the δ15 N composition of the diet. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hülsemann
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
- The German Research Centre of Elite Sport, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Karsten Koehler
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Ulrich Flenker
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
- The German Research Centre of Elite Sport, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schänzer
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
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Sun D, Zhang CZ, Ran RX, Cao YF, Du Z, Fu ZW, Huang CT, Zhao ZY, Zhang WH, Fang ZZ. In Vitro Comparative Study of the Inhibitory Effects of Mangiferin and Its Aglycone Norathyriol towards UDP-Glucuronosyl Transferase (UGT) Isoforms. Molecules 2017. [PMID: 28621744 PMCID: PMC6152678 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22061008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (MGF), the predominant constituent of extracts of the mango plant Mangifera Indica L., has been investigated extensively because of its remarkable pharmacological effects. In vitro recombinant UGTs-catalyzed glucuronidation of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) was used to investigate the inhibition of mangiferin and aglycone norathyriol towards various isoforms of UGTs in our study, which evaluated the inhibitory capacity of MGF and its aglycone norathyriol (NTR) towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms. Initial screening experiment showed that deglycosylation of MGF into NTR strongly increased the inhibitory effects towards almost all the tested UGT isoforms at a concentration of 100 μM. Kinetic experiments were performed to further characterize the inhibition of UGT1A3, UGT1A7 and UGT1A9 by NTR. NTR competitively inhibited UGT1A3, UGT1A7 and UGT1A9, with an IC50 value of 8.2, 4.4, and 12.3 μM, and a Ki value of 1.6, 2.0, and 2.8 μM, respectively. In silico docking showed that only NTR could dock into the activity cavity of UGT1A3, UGT1A7 and UGT1A9. The binding free energy of NTR to UGT1A3, 1A7, 1A9 were −7.4, −7.9 and −4.0 kcal/mol, respectively. Based on the inhibition evaluation standard ([I]/Ki < 0.1, low possibility; 0.1 < [I]/Ki < 1, medium possibility; [I]/Ki > 1, high possibility), an in vivo herb–drug interaction between MGF/NTR and drugs mainly undergoing UGT1A3-, UGT1A7- or UGT1A9-catalyzed metabolism might occur when the plasma concentration of NTR is above 1.6, 2.0 and 2.8 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chun-Ze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China.
| | - Rui-Xue Ran
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yun-Feng Cao
- Key Laborotary of Liaoning Tumor Clinical Metabolomics (KLLTCM), Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zuo Du
- Key Laborotary of Liaoning Tumor Clinical Metabolomics (KLLTCM), Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Fu
- Key Laborotary of Liaoning Tumor Clinical Metabolomics (KLLTCM), Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Chun-Ting Huang
- Key Laborotary of Liaoning Tumor Clinical Metabolomics (KLLTCM), Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Zhen-Ying Zhao
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China.
| | - Wei-Hua Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China.
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- Key Laborotary of Liaoning Tumor Clinical Metabolomics (KLLTCM), Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Yang HH, Liu YJ, Wang XZ. Synthesis of novel dibenzoxanthene derivatives and observation of apoptosis in human hepatocellular cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2017; 72:333-344. [PMID: 28521246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized dibenzoxanthene derivatives 2a-2i via nucleophilic substitution of methoxyl group and evaluated underlying antitumor molecular mechanism of target compounds. Compounds showed high cytotoxic activities against BEL-7402, A549, HeLa and MG-63 cancer cells in the µM range. These compounds inhibited the cell growth of BEL-7402 cells at S or G2/M phase. The compounds 2a-2i also induced the apoptosis of BEL-7402 cells. In addition, compounds enhanced the level of intramolecular ROS and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis showed caspase-3 were activated and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl was down-regulated. According to given results, these dibenzoxanthenes exhibited a broad spectrum of antiproliferative effects on various tumors and therapeutic efficacy. Molecular mechanism indicated that induction of apoptosis was associated with DNA fragmentation, ROS generation, mitochondria dysfunction. Compounds induced apoptosis in BEL-7402 cells through the intrinsic ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yun-Jun Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Xiu-Zhen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Zhou X, Lesiak L, Lai R, Beck JR, Zhao J, Elowsky CG, Li H, Stains CI. Chemoselective Alteration of Fluorophore Scaffolds as a Strategy for the Development of Ratiometric Chemodosimeters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4197-4200. [PMID: 28319304 PMCID: PMC5453638 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ratiometric sensors generally couple binding events or chemical reactions at a distal site to changes in the fluorescence of a core fluorophore scaffold. However, such approaches are often hindered by spectral overlap of the product and reactant species. We provide a strategy to design ratiometric sensors that display dramatic spectral shifts by leveraging the chemoselective reactivity of novel functional groups inserted within fluorophore scaffolds. As a proof-of-principle, fluorophores containing a borinate (RF620 ) or silanediol (SiOH2R) functionality at the bridging position of the xanthene ring system are developed as endogenous H2 O2 sensors. Both these fluorophores display far-red to near-infrared excitation and emission prior to reaction. Upon oxidation by H2 O2 both sensors are chemically converted to tetramethylrhodamine, producing significant (≥66 nm) blue-shifts in excitation and emission maxima. This work provides a new concept for the development of ratiometric probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Lauren Lesiak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Rui Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Jon R Beck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Christian G Elowsky
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Cliff I Stains
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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48
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Song Y, Yang Y, Wu L, Dong N, Gao S, Ji H, Du X, Liu B, Chen G. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of N-Substituted Dibenzo[a,j]xanthene-3,11-dicarboxamide Derivatives. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040517. [PMID: 28333112 PMCID: PMC6154592 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to study the structure-activity relationships of xanthene derivatives, four series of N-substituted 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene-3,11-dicarboxamide derivatives were synthesized. The structures of all compounds were identified by ¹H-NMR, HR-MS and IR spectra, in which compounds 6a-h were further identified by 13C-NMR spectra. The in vitro antitumor activity of the synthesized compounds was tested by MTT assay. Most of them displayed strong inhibitory activity on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (SK-HEP-1, HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells) and acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells. Compounds 6c-6e exhibited significant inhibitory activity against NB4 cells with IC50 values of 0.52 μM and 0.76 μM, respectively, much lower than 5.31 μM of the positive control As₂O₃.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Song
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yihui Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Lijun Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Naiwei Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Shang Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Hongrui Ji
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Xia Du
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Guoyou Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University Daqing Campus, Daqing 163319, China.
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Helm K, Beyreis M, Mayr C, Ritter M, Jakab M, Kiesslich T, Plaetzer K. In Vitro Cell Death Discrimination and Screening Method by Simple and Cost-Effective Viability Analysis. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 41:1011-1019. [PMID: 28291963 DOI: 10.1159/000460910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS For in vitro cytotoxicity testing, discrimination of apoptosis and necrosis represents valuable information. Viability analysis performed at two different time points post treatment could serve such a purpose because the dynamics of metabolic activity of apoptotic and necrotic cells is different, i.e. a more rapid decline of cellular metabolism during necrosis whereas cellular metabolism is maintained during the entire execution phase of apoptosis. This study describes a straightforward approach to distinguish apoptosis and necrosis. METHODS A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells were treated with different concentrations/doses of actinomycin D (Act-D), 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-azabenzimidazole (TBB), Ro 31-8220, H2O2 and photodynamic treatment (PDT). The resazurin viability signal was recorded at 2 and 24 hrs post treatment. Apoptosis and necrosis were verified by measuring caspase 3/7 and membrane integrity. RESULTS Calculation of the difference curve between the 2 and 24 hrs resazurin signals yields the following information: a positive difference signal indicates apoptosis (i.e. high metabolic activity at early time points and low signal at 24 hrs post treatment) while an early reduction of the viability signal indicates necrosis. For all treatments, this dose-dependent sequence of cellular responses could be confirmed by independent assays. CONCLUSION Simple and cost-effective viability analysis provides reliable information about the dose ranges of a cytotoxic agent where apoptosis or necrosis occurs. This may serve as a starting point for further in-depth characterisation of cytotoxic treatments.
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50
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Haney CM, Cleveland CL, Wissner RF, Owei L, Robustelli J, Daniels M, Canyurt M, Rodriguez P, Ischiropoulos H, Baumgart T, Petersson EJ. Site-Specific Fluorescence Polarization for Studying the Disaggregation of α-Synuclein Fibrils by Small Molecules. Biochemistry 2017; 56:683-691. [PMID: 28045494 PMCID: PMC5520965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillar aggregates of the protein α-synuclein (αS) are one of the hallmarks of Parkinson's disease. Here, we show that measuring the fluorescence polarization (FP) of labels at several sites on αS allows one to monitor changes in the local dynamics of the protein after binding to micelles or vesicles, and during fibril formation. Most significantly, these site-specific FP measurements provide insight into structural remodeling of αS fibrils by small molecules and have the potential for use in moderate-throughput screens to identify small molecules that could be used to treat Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor M. Haney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Christina L. Cleveland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Rebecca F. Wissner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lily Owei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jaclyn Robustelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Malcolm Daniels
- Pharmacology Graduate Group; University of Pennsylvania; 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | | | - Harry Ischiropoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Tobias Baumgart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - E. James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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