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Giordano RJ, Alecrim LC. Protocols for Building and Producing High Diversity Peptide Phage Display Libraries. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2793:3-19. [PMID: 38526720 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3798-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Phage display is an important technology to study protein-protein interaction and protein evolution, with applications in basic science and applied biotechnology, such as drug discovery and the development of targeted therapies. However, in order to be successful during a phage display screening, it is paramount to have good phage libraries. Here, we described detailed procedures to generate peptide phage display libraries with high diversity and billions of transformants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Jose Giordano
- Biochemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lilian Costa Alecrim
- Biochemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Staquicini FI, Hajitou A, Driessen WHP, Proneth B, Cardó-Vila M, Staquicini DI, Markosian C, Hoh M, Cortez M, Hooda-Nehra A, Jaloudi M, Silva IT, Buttura J, Nunes DN, Dias-Neto E, Eckhardt B, Ruiz-Ramírez J, Dogra P, Wang Z, Cristini V, Trepel M, Anderson R, Sidman RL, Gelovani JG, Cristofanilli M, Hortobagyi GN, Bhujwalla ZM, Burley SK, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Targeting a cell surface vitamin D receptor on tumor-associated macrophages in triple-negative breast cancer. eLife 2021; 10:e65145. [PMID: 34060472 PMCID: PMC8169110 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive tumor with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. We applied the in vivo phage display technology to isolate peptides homing to the immunosuppressive cellular microenvironment of TNBC as a strategy for non-malignant target discovery. We identified a cyclic peptide (CSSTRESAC) that specifically binds to a vitamin D receptor, protein disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3) expressed on the cell surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), and targets breast cancer in syngeneic TNBC, non-TNBC xenograft, and transgenic mouse models. Systemic administration of CSSTRESAC to TNBC-bearing mice shifted the cytokine profile toward an antitumor immune response and delayed tumor growth. Moreover, CSSTRESAC enabled ligand-directed theranostic delivery to tumors and a mathematical model confirmed our experimental findings. Finally, in silico analysis showed PDIA3-expressing TAM in TNBC patients. This work uncovers a functional interplay between a cell surface vitamin D receptor in TAM and antitumor immune response that could be therapeutically exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda I Staquicini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkUnited States
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Bettina Proneth
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum MuenchenNeuherbergGermany
| | - Marina Cardó-Vila
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Daniela I Staquicini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkUnited States
| | - Christopher Markosian
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkUnited States
| | - Maria Hoh
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Mauro Cortez
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Anupama Hooda-Nehra
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkUnited States
| | - Mohammed Jaloudi
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkUnited States
| | - Israel T Silva
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
| | - Jaqueline Buttura
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
| | - Diana N Nunes
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
| | - Emmanuel Dias-Neto
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
| | - Bedrich Eckhardt
- Translational Breast Cancer Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Javier Ruiz-Ramírez
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, The Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonUnited States
| | - Prashant Dogra
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, The Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonUnited States
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, The Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonUnited States
| | - Vittorio Cristini
- Mathematics in Medicine Program, The Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonUnited States
| | - Martin Trepel
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Medical Center AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Robin Anderson
- Translational Breast Cancer Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wayne State UniversityDetroitUnited States
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State UniversityDetroitUnited States
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Wayne State UniversityDetroitUnited States
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Stephen K Burley
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickUnited States
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California-San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayUnited States
| | - Wadih Arap
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkUnited States
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNewarkUnited States
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkUnited States
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3
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Staquicini FI, Smith TL, Tang FHF, Gelovani JG, Giordano RJ, Libutti SK, Sidman RL, Cavenee WK, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Targeted AAVP-based therapy in a mouse model of human glioblastoma: a comparison of cytotoxic versus suicide gene delivery strategies. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:301-310. [PMID: 31130731 PMCID: PMC6879804 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma persists as a uniformly deadly diagnosis for patients and effective therapeutic options are gravely needed. Recently, targeted gene therapy approaches are reemerging as attractive experimental clinical agents. Our ligand-directed hybrid virus of adeno-associated virus and phage (AAVP) is a targeted gene delivery vector that has been used in several formulations displaying targeting ligand peptides to deliver clinically applicable transgenes. Here we compared different constructs side-by-side in a tumor model, an orthotopic model of xenograft human glioblastoma cells stereotactically implanted in immunodeficient mice. We have used divergent therapeutic strategies for two AAVP constructs, both displaying a double-cyclic RGD4C motif ligand specific for alpha V integrins expressed in tumor vascular endothelium, but carrying different genes of interest for the treatment of intracranial xenografted tumors. One construct delivered tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a purely cytotoxic gene for antitumor activity (RGD4C-AAVP-TNF); in the other construct, we delivered Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) for in tandem molecular-genetic imaging and targeted therapy (RGD4C-AAVP-HSVtk) utilizing ganciclovir (GCV) for a suicide gene therapy. Both AAVP constructs demonstrated antitumor activity, with damage to the tumor-associated neovasculature and induction of cell death evident after treatment. In addition, the ability to monitor transgene expression with a radiolabeled HSVtk substrate pre and post GCV treatment demonstrated the theranostic potential of RGD4C-AAVP-HSVtk. We conclude that targeted AAVP constructs delivering either cytotoxic TNF or theranostic HSVtk followed by suicide gene therapy with GCV have comparable preclinical efficacy, at least in this standard experimental model. The results presented here provide a blueprint for future studies of targeted gene delivery against human glioblastomas and other brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda I Staquicini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Tracey L Smith
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Fenny H F Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ricardo J Giordano
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven K Libutti
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Webster K Cavenee
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wadih Arap
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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4
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A ligand motif enables differential vascular targeting of endothelial junctions between brain and retina. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:2300-2305. [PMID: 30670660 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1809483116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial heterogeneity has important implications in health and disease. Molecular markers selectively expressed in the vasculature of different organs and tissues are currently being explored in targeted therapies with promising results in preclinical and clinical studies. Noteworthy is the role that combinatorial approaches such as phage display have had in identifying such markers by using phage as nanoparticles and surrogates for billions of different peptides, screening noninvasively the vascular lumen for binding sites. Here, we show that a new peptide motif that emerged from such combinatorial screening of the vasculature binds selectively to blood vessels in the brain in vivo but not to vessels in other organs. Peptides containing a conserved motif in which amino acids Phenylalanine-Arginine-Tryptophan (FRW) predominate could be visualized by transmission electron microscopy bound to the junctions between endothelial cells in all areas of the brain, including the optic nerve, but not in other barrier-containing tissues, such as intestines and testis. Remarkably, peptides containing the motif do not bind to vessels in the retina, implying an important molecular difference between these two vascular barriers. Furthermore, the peptide allows for in vivo imaging, demonstrating that new tools for studying and imaging the brain are likely to emerge from this motif.
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5
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D'Angelo S, Staquicini FI, Ferrara F, Staquicini DI, Sharma G, Tarleton CA, Nguyen H, Naranjo LA, Sidman RL, Arap W, Bradbury AR, Pasqualini R. Selection of phage-displayed accessible recombinant targeted antibodies (SPARTA): methodology and applications. JCI Insight 2018; 3:98305. [PMID: 29720567 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a potentially novel and robust antibody discovery methodology, termed selection of phage-displayed accessible recombinant targeted antibodies (SPARTA). This combines an in vitro screening step of a naive human antibody library against known tumor targets, with in vivo selections based on tumor-homing capabilities of a preenriched antibody pool. This unique approach overcomes several rate-limiting challenges to generate human antibodies amenable to rapid translation into medical applications. As a proof of concept, we evaluated SPARTA on 2 well-established tumor cell surface targets, EphA5 and GRP78. We evaluated antibodies that showed tumor-targeting selectivity as a representative panel of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and were highly efficacious. Our results validate a discovery platform to identify and validate monoclonal antibodies with favorable tumor-targeting attributes. This approach may also extend to other diseases with known cell surface targets and affected tissues easily isolated for in vivo selection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda I Staquicini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey at University Hospital and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Daniela I Staquicini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey at University Hospital and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Geetanjali Sharma
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Christy A Tarleton
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Huynh Nguyen
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wadih Arap
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey at University Hospital and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Renata Pasqualini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey at University Hospital and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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6
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Pang L, Xia Y, Wang D, Meng X. Antitumor activity of iNGR-GRIM-19 in colorectal cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2017; 47:795-808. [PMID: 28903530 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyx090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Pang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130021, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Xiangwei Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130021, China
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7
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Targeting ligand–receptor interactions for development of cancer therapeutics. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 38:62-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Towards a transcriptome-based theranostic platform for unfavorable breast cancer phenotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:12780-12785. [PMID: 27791177 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615288113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is one of the most lethal forms of human breast cancer, and effective treatment for IBC is an unmet clinical need in contemporary oncology. Tumor-targeted theranostic approaches are emerging in precision medicine, but only a few specific biomarkers are available. Here we report up-regulation of the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in two independent discovery and validation sets of specimens derived from IBC patients, suggesting translational promise for clinical applications. We show that a GRP78-binding motif displayed on either bacteriophage or adeno-associated virus/phage (AAVP) particles or loop-grafted onto a human antibody fragment specifically targets orthotopic IBC and other aggressive breast cancer models in vivo. To evaluate the theranostic value, we used GRP78-targeting AAVP particles to deliver the human Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase type-1 (HSVtk) transgene, obtaining simultaneous in vivo diagnosis through PET imaging and tumor treatment by selective activation of the prodrug ganciclovir at tumor sites. Translation of this AAVP system is expected simultaneously to image, monitor, and treat the IBC phenotype and possibly other aggressive (e.g., invasive and/or metastatic) subtypes of breast cancer, based on the inducible cell-surface expression of the stress-response chaperone GRP78, and possibily other cell-surface receptors in human tumors.
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9
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Silva RA, Giordano RJ, Gutierrez PS, Rocha VZ, Rudnicki M, Kee P, Abdalla DSP, Puech-Leão P, Caramelli B, Arap W, Pasqualini R, Meneghetti JC, Marques FLN, Khoobchandani M, Katti KV, Lugão AB, Kalil J. CTHRSSVVC Peptide as a Possible Early Molecular Imaging Target for Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091383. [PMID: 27563889 PMCID: PMC5037663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our work was to select phages displaying peptides capable of binding to vascular markers present in human atheroma, and validate their capacity to target the vascular markers in vitro and in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr(-/-)) mouse model of atherosclerosis. By peptide fingerprinting on human atherosclerotic tissues, we selected and isolated four different peptides sequences, which bind to atherosclerotic lesions and share significant similarity to known human proteins with prominent roles in atherosclerosis. The CTHRSSVVC-phage peptide displayed the strongest reactivity with human carotid atherosclerotic lesions (p < 0.05), when compared to tissues from normal carotid arteries. This peptide sequence shares similarity to a sequence present in the fifth scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain of CD163, which appeared to bind to CD163, and subsequently, was internalized by macrophages. Moreover, the CTHRSSVVC-phage targets atherosclerotic lesions of a low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr(-/-)) mouse model of atherosclerosis in vivo to High-Fat diet group versus Control group. Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-CTHRSSVVC peptide (DOTA-CTHRSSVVC) was synthesized and labeled with (111)InCl₃ in >95% yield as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), to validate the binding of the peptide in atherosclerotic plaque specimens. The results supported our hypothesis that CTHRSSVVC peptide has a remarkable sequence for the development of theranostics approaches in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemeire A Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo J Giordano
- Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Paulo S Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Pathology, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Viviane Z Rocha
- Clinical Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Martina Rudnicki
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Patrick Kee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Dulcinéia S P Abdalla
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Puech-Leão
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Caramelli
- Clinical Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - José C Meneghetti
- Medicine Nuclear Service and Molecular Image, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Fabio L N Marques
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (LIM43), São Paulo 05403-911, Brazil.
| | - Menka Khoobchandani
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Kattesh V Katti
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Ademar B Lugão
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN/CNEN/São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Kalil
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Kumari
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science – Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science – Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science – Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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11
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Genome-wide expression analysis of wounded skin reveals novel genes involved in angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2015; 18:361-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-015-9472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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12
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Pasqualini R, Millikan RE, Christianson DR, Cardó-Vila M, Driessen WHP, Giordano RJ, Hajitou A, Hoang AG, Wen S, Barnhart KF, Baze WB, Marcott VD, Hawke DH, Do KA, Navone NM, Efstathiou E, Troncoso P, Lobb RR, Logothetis CJ, Arap W. Targeting the interleukin-11 receptor α in metastatic prostate cancer: A first-in-man study. Cancer 2015; 121:2411-21. [PMID: 25832466 PMCID: PMC4490036 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptors in tumor blood vessels are attractive targets for ligand-directed drug discovery and development. The authors have worked systematically to map human endothelial receptors (“vascular zip codes”) within tumors through direct peptide library selection in cancer patients. Previously, they selected a ligand-binding motif to the interleukin-11 receptor alpha (IL-11Rα) in the human vasculature. METHODS The authors generated a ligand-directed, peptidomimetic drug (bone metastasis-targeting peptidomimetic-11 [BMTP-11]) for IL-11Rα–based human tumor vascular targeting. Preclinical studies (efficacy/toxicity) included evaluating BMTP-11 in prostate cancer xenograft models, drug localization, targeted apoptotic effects, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analyses, and dose-range determination, including formal (good laboratory practice) toxicity across rodent and nonhuman primate species. The initial BMTP-11 clinical development also is reported based on a single-institution, open-label, first-in-class, first-in-man trial (National Clinical Trials number NCT00872157) in patients with metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer. RESULTS BMTP-11 was preclinically promising and, thus, was chosen for clinical development in patients. Limited numbers of patients who had castrate-resistant prostate cancer with osteoblastic bone metastases were enrolled into a phase 0 trial with biology-driven endpoints. The authors demonstrated biopsy-verified localization of BMTP-11 to tumors in the bone marrow and drug-induced apoptosis in all patients. Moreover, the maximum tolerated dose was identified on a weekly schedule (20-30 mg/m2). Finally, a renal dose-limiting toxicity was determined, namely, dose-dependent, reversible nephrotoxicity with proteinuria and casts involving increased serum creatinine. CONCLUSIONS These biologic endpoints establish BMTP-11 as a targeted drug candidate in metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Within a larger discovery context, the current findings indicate that functional tumor vascular ligand-receptor targeting systems may be identified through direct combinatorial selection of peptide libraries in cancer patients. Cancer 2015;121:2411–2421. © 2015 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. The authors report on the development of a new ligand-directed peptidomimetic (termed bone metastasis-targeting peptidomimetic-11) for interleukin-11 receptor-based human vascular targeting, including the translation from preclinical studies to a first-in-class, first-in-man clinical trial in patients with metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Pasqualini
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Randall E Millikan
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dawn R Christianson
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Marina Cardó-Vila
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wouter H P Driessen
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ricardo J Giordano
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Amin Hajitou
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anh G Hoang
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kirstin F Barnhart
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wallace B Baze
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Valerie D Marcott
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David H Hawke
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kim-Anh Do
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nora M Navone
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eleni Efstathiou
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patricia Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roy R Lobb
- Alvos Therapeutics, Arrowhead Research Corporation, Pasadena, California
| | - Christopher J Logothetis
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wadih Arap
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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13
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Christianson DR, Dobroff AS, Proneth B, Zurita AJ, Salameh A, Dondossola E, Makino J, Bologa CG, Smith TL, Yao VJ, Calderone TL, O'Connell DJ, Oprea TI, Kataoka K, Cahill DJ, Gershenwald JE, Sidman RL, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Ligand-directed targeting of lymphatic vessels uncovers mechanistic insights in melanoma metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:2521-6. [PMID: 25659743 PMCID: PMC4345577 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1424994112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the most lethal step of cancer progression in patients with invasive melanoma. In most human cancers, including melanoma, tumor dissemination through the lymphatic vasculature provides a major route for tumor metastasis. Unfortunately, molecular mechanisms that facilitate interactions between melanoma cells and lymphatic vessels are unknown. Here, we developed an unbiased approach based on molecular mimicry to identify specific receptors that mediate lymphatic endothelial-melanoma cell interactions and metastasis. By screening combinatorial peptide libraries directly on afferent lymphatic vessels resected from melanoma patients during sentinel lymphatic mapping and lymph node biopsies, we identified a significant cohort of melanoma and lymphatic surface binding peptide sequences. The screening approach was designed so that lymphatic endothelium binding peptides mimic cell surface proteins on tumor cells. Therefore, relevant metastasis and lymphatic markers were biochemically identified, and a comprehensive molecular profile of the lymphatic endothelium during melanoma metastasis was generated. Our results identified expression of the phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit A, α-isoform (PPP2R1A) on the cell surfaces of both melanoma cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. Validation experiments showed that PPP2R1A is expressed on the cell surfaces of both melanoma and lymphatic endothelial cells in vitro as well as independent melanoma patient samples. More importantly, PPP2R1A-PPP2R1A homodimers occur at the cellular level to mediate cell-cell interactions at the lymphatic-tumor interface. Our results revealed that PPP2R1A is a new biomarker for melanoma metastasis and show, for the first time to our knowledge, an active interaction between the lymphatic vasculature and melanoma cells during tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrey S Dobroff
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center and Divisions of Molecular Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Jun Makino
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, and
| | | | - Tracey L Smith
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center and Divisions of Molecular Medicine
| | - Virginia J Yao
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center and Divisions of Molecular Medicine
| | - Tiffany L Calderone
- Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - David J O'Connell
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; and
| | | | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Dolores J Cahill
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; and
| | - Jeffrey E Gershenwald
- Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center and Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131;
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center and Divisions of Molecular Medicine,
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14
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Gutiérrez T, Simmen T. Endoplasmic reticulum chaperones and oxidoreductases: critical regulators of tumor cell survival and immunorecognition. Front Oncol 2014; 4:291. [PMID: 25386408 PMCID: PMC4209815 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones and oxidoreductases are abundant enzymes that mediate the production of fully folded secretory and transmembrane proteins. Resisting the Golgi and plasma membrane-directed “bulk flow,” ER chaperones and oxidoreductases enter retrograde trafficking whenever they are pulled outside of the ER by their substrates. Solid tumors are characterized by the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), combined with reduced blood flow that leads to low oxygen supply and ER stress. Under these conditions, hypoxia and the unfolded protein response upregulate their target genes. When this occurs, ER oxidoreductases and chaperones become important regulators of tumor growth. However, under these conditions, these proteins not only promote the folding of proteins, but also alter the properties of the plasma membrane and hence modulate tumor immune recognition. For instance, high levels of calreticulin serve as an “eat-me” signal on the surface of tumor cells. Conversely, both intracellular and surface BiP/GRP78 promotes tumor growth. Other ER folding assistants able to modulate the properties of tumor tissue include protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), Ero1α and GRP94. Understanding the roles and mechanisms of ER chaperones in regulating tumor cell functions and immunorecognition will lead to important insight for the development of novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
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15
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Tillmanns J, Schneider M, Fraccarollo D, Schmitto JD, Länger F, Richter D, Bauersachs J, Samnick S. PET imaging of cardiac wound healing using a novel [68Ga]-labeled NGR probe in rat myocardial infarction. Mol Imaging Biol 2014; 17:76-86. [PMID: 25011975 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0751-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peptides containing the asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) motif bind to aminopeptidase N (CD13), which is expressed on inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. It is unclear whether radiolabeled NGR-containing tracers could be used for in vivo imaging of the early wound-healing phase after myocardial infarction (MI) using positron emission tomography (PET). PROCEDURES Uptake of novel tracer [(68)Ga]NGR was assessed together with [(68)Ga]arginine-glycine-aspartic acid ([(68)Ga]RGD) and 2-deoxy-2-[(18) F]fluoro-D-glucose after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury using μ-PET and autoradiography, and relative expressions of CD13 and integrin β3 were assessed in fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, and endothelial cells by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In the infarcted myocardium, uptake of [(68)Ga]NGR was maximal from days 3 to 7 after MI/R, and correlated with fibroblast and inflammatory cell infiltration as well as [(68)Ga]RGD uptake. CONCLUSIONS [(68)Ga]NGR allows noninvasive and sequential determination of CD13 expression in fibroblasts and inflammatory cells by PET. This will facilitate monitoring of CD13 in the individual wound healing processes, allowing patient-specific therapies to improve outcome after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Tillmanns
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany,
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16
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Ma C, Yin G, Yan D, He X, Zhang L, Wei Y, Huang Z. A novel peptide specifically targeting ovarian cancer identified by in vivo
phage display. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:730-6. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuying Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Guangfu Yin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Danhong Yan
- Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology; Taicang 215411 China
| | - Xueling He
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yan Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Zhongbing Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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17
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Amoozgar Z, Park J, Lin Q, Weidle JH, Yeo Y. Development of quinic acid-conjugated nanoparticles as a drug carrier to solid tumors. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2389-95. [PMID: 23738975 DOI: 10.1021/bm400512g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanometer-sized drug carriers including polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to increase biodistribution of a drug in tumors, thereby reducing the effective dose of chemotherapy. NPs increase drug delivery to tumors to a certain extent, but the amount reaching tumors is only a small fraction of the total administered NPs because they depend on passive accumulation via the leaky vasculature surrounding tumors. In an attempt to further increase the drug delivery to tumors, we develop a polymeric NP system that interacts with an endothelial tumor marker. The NPs are decorated with quinic acid, a synthetic mimic of sialyl Lewis-x, which binds to E-selectin, overexpressed on the surface of endothelial cells surrounding solid tumors. The NPs selectively bind to endothelial cells activated with tumor necrosis factor-α, with weak affinity at a relatively high shear stress. These properties may help NPs reach tumors by increasing the encounter of NPs with the peritumoral endothelium without hindering subsequent transport of the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Amoozgar
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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18
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Staquicini FI, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Ligand-directed profiling: applications to target drug discovery in cancer. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 4:51-9. [PMID: 23480336 DOI: 10.1517/17460440802628152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generation of targeted therapy remains a major challenge in medicine. The development of drugs that can discriminate between tumor cells and non-malignant cells would improve efficacy and reduce general side effects. Phage display allows identification of specific supramolecular complexes that can target therapeutic compounds or imaging agents, both in vitro and in vivo. The use of phage display to identify molecules expressed on the surface of human cancer cells without bias, as well as to provide initial steps toward identification of a ligand/receptor-based map of the human microvasculature, has broad implications for drug discovery in general, especially for cancer therapy. OBJECTIVE/METHOD In this review, we discuss the use of phage display technology as a ligand-directed targeting strategy and its applications to drug discovery. CONCLUSION Compared to other existing drug discovery platforms, phage display technology has the advantage to provide valuable clues pointing to target proteins in an unbiased biological context. The result from various display library screenings indicates that in many cases the selected peptide motifs mimic biological ligands. Analysis of peptide motifs targeting a receptor provides a basis for rational drug design of targeted peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda I Staquicini
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA +1 713 792 3872 ; +1 713 745 0201 ;
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19
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Cooperative effects of aminopeptidase N (CD13) expressed by nonmalignant and cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:1637-42. [PMID: 22307623 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1120790109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Processes that promote cancer progression such as angiogenesis require a functional interplay between malignant and nonmalignant cells in the tumor microenvironment. The metalloprotease aminopeptidase N (APN; CD13) is often overexpressed in tumor cells and has been implicated in angiogenesis and cancer progression. Our previous studies of APN-null mice revealed impaired neoangiogenesis in model systems without cancer cells and suggested the hypothesis that APN expressed by nonmalignant cells might promote tumor growth. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the effects of APN deficiency in allografted malignant (tumor) and nonmalignant (host) cells on tumor growth and metastasis in APN-null mice. In two independent tumor graft models, APN activity in both the tumors and the host cells cooperate to promote tumor vascularization and growth. Loss of APN expression by the host and/or the malignant cells also impaired lung metastasis in experimental mouse models. Thus, cooperation in APN expression by both cancer cells and nonmalignant stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment promotes angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis.
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20
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Drug-loaded polyelectrolyte microcapsules for sustained targeting of cancer cells. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:847-64. [PMID: 21620912 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review we will overview novel nanotechnological nanocarrier systems for cancer therapy focusing on recent development in polyelectrolyte capsules for targeted delivery of antineoplastic drugs against cancer cells. Biodegradable polyelectrolyte microcapsules (PMCs) are supramolecular assemblies of particular interest for therapeutic purposes, as they can be enzymatically degraded into viable cells, under physiological conditions. Incorporation of small bioactive molecules into nano-to-microscale delivery systems may increase drug's bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy at single cell level giving desirable targeted therapy. Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled PMCs are efficient microcarriers that maximize drug's exposure enhancing antitumor activity of neoplastic drug in cancer cells. They can be envisaged as novel multifunctional carriers for resistant or relapsed patients or for reducing dose escalation in clinical settings.
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21
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Cochran R, Cochran F. Phage display and molecular imaging: expanding fields of vision in living subjects. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2011; 27:57-94. [PMID: 21415893 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2010.10648145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In vivo molecular imaging enables non-invasive visualization of biological processes within living subjects, and holds great promise for diagnosis and monitoring of disease. The ability to create new agents that bind to molecular targets and deliver imaging probes to desired locations in the body is critically important to further advance this field. To address this need, phage display, an established technology for the discovery and development of novel binding agents, is increasingly becoming a key component of many molecular imaging research programs. This review discusses the expanding role played by phage display in the field of molecular imaging with a focus on in vivo applications. Furthermore, new methodological advances in phage display that can be directly applied to the discovery and development of molecular imaging agents are described. Various phage library selection strategies are summarized and compared, including selections against purified target, intact cells, and ex vivo tissue, plus in vivo homing strategies. An outline of the process for converting polypeptides obtained from phage display library selections into successful in vivo imaging agents is provided, including strategies to optimize in vivo performance. Additionally, the use of phage particles as imaging agents is also described. In the latter part of the review, a survey of phage-derived in vivo imaging agents is presented, and important recent examples are highlighted. Other imaging applications are also discussed, such as the development of peptide tags for site-specific protein labeling and the use of phage as delivery agents for reporter genes. The review concludes with a discussion of how phage display technology will continue to impact both basic science and clinical applications in the field of molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cochran
- Department of Bioengineering, Cancer Center, Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
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22
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Staquicini FI, Ozawa MG, Moya CA, Driessen WHP, Barbu EM, Nishimori H, Soghomonyan S, Flores LG, Liang X, Paolillo V, Alauddin MM, Basilion JP, Furnari FB, Bogler O, Lang FF, Aldape KD, Fuller GN, Höök M, Gelovani JG, Sidman RL, Cavenee WK, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Systemic combinatorial peptide selection yields a non-canonical iron-mimicry mechanism for targeting tumors in a mouse model of human glioblastoma. J Clin Invest 2010; 121:161-73. [PMID: 21183793 DOI: 10.1172/jci44798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of CNS tumors is limited by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a vascular interface that restricts the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Here we show that phage particles targeted with certain ligand motifs selected in vivo from a combinatorial peptide library can cross the BBB under normal and pathological conditions. Specifically, we demonstrated that phage clones displaying an iron-mimic peptide were able to target a protein complex of transferrin and transferrin receptor (TfR) through a non-canonical allosteric binding mechanism and that this functional protein complex mediated transport of the corresponding viral particles into the normal mouse brain. We also showed that, in an orthotopic mouse model of human glioblastoma, a combination of TfR overexpression plus extended vascular permeability and ligand retention resulted in remarkable brain tumor targeting of chimeric adeno-associated virus/phage particles displaying the iron-mimic peptide and carrying a gene of interest. As a proof of concept, we delivered the HSV thymidine kinase gene for molecular-genetic imaging and targeted therapy of intracranial xenografted tumors. Finally, we established that these experimental findings might be clinically relevant by determining through human tissue microarrays that many primary astrocytic tumors strongly express TfR. Together, our combinatorial selection system and results may provide a translational avenue for the targeted detection and treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda I Staquicini
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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23
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Driessen WHP, Bronk LF, Edwards JK, Proneth B, Souza GR, Decuzzi P, Pasqualini R, Arap W. On the synergistic effects of ligand-mediated and phage-intrinsic properties during in vivo selection. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2010; 69:115-33. [PMID: 20807605 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2660(10)69005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Phage display has been used as a powerful tool in the discovery and characterization of ligand-receptor complexes that can be utilized for therapeutic applications as well as to elucidate disease mechanisms. While the basic properties of phage itself have been well described, the behavior of phage in an in vivo setting is not as well understood due to the complexity of the system. Here, we take a dual approach in describing the biophysical mechanisms and properties that contribute to the efficacy of in vivo phage targeting. We begin by considering the interaction between phage and target by applying a kinetic model of ligand-receptor complexation and internalization. The multivalent display of peptides on the pIII capsid of phage is also discussed as an augmenting factor in the binding affinity of phage-displayed peptides to cellular targets accessible in a microenvironment of interest. Lastly, we examine the physical properties of the total phage particle that facilitate improved delivery and targeting in vivo compared to free peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H P Driessen
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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24
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Tonelli RR, Giordano RJ, Barbu EM, Torrecilhas AC, Kobayashi GS, Langley RR, Arap W, Pasqualini R, Colli W, Alves MJM. Role of the gp85/trans-sialidases in Trypanosoma cruzi tissue tropism: preferential binding of a conserved peptide motif to the vasculature in vivo. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2010; 4:e864. [PMID: 21072227 PMCID: PMC2970537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transmitted by blood-sucking insects, the unicellular parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas' disease, a malady manifested in a variety of symptoms from heart disease to digestive and urinary tract dysfunctions. The reasons for such organ preference have been a matter of great interest in the field, particularly because the parasite can invade nearly every cell line and it can be found in most tissues following an infection. Among the molecular factors that contribute to virulence is a large multigene family of proteins known as gp85/trans-sialidase, which participates in cell attachment and invasion. But whether these proteins also contribute to tissue homing had not yet been investigated. Here, a combination of endothelial cell immortalization and phage display techniques has been used to investigate the role of gp85/trans-sialidase in binding to the vasculature. Methods Bacteriophage expressing an important peptide motif (denominated FLY) common to all gp85/trans-sialidase proteins was used as a surrogate to investigate the interaction of this motif with the endothelium compartment. For that purpose phage particles were incubated with endothelial cells obtained from different organs or injected into mice intravenously and the number of phage particles bound to cells or tissues was determined. Binding of phages to intermediate filament proteins has also been studied. Findings and Conclusions Our data indicate that FLY interacts with the endothelium in an organ-dependent manner with significantly higher avidity for the heart vasculature. Phage display results also show that FLY interaction with intermediate filament proteins is not limited to cytokeratin 18 (CK18), which may explain the wide variety of cells infected by the parasite. This is the first time that members of the intermediate filaments in general, constituted by a large group of ubiquitously expressed proteins, have been implicated in T. cruzi cell invasion and tissue homing. Chagas' disease, caused by the protozoon Trypanosoma cruzi, is an ailment affecting approximately 12–14 million people in Iberoamerica and is becoming increasingly important in North America and Europe as a result of migratory currents. The parasite invades mainly cells of the heart or the walls of the digestive tract. The patients with symptoms develop heart disease or gastrointestinal motor disorders. We and others have implicated the T. cruzi gp85/trans-sialidase surface protein family in the attachment of the parasite to the host cells. These proteins share a peptide motif called FLY. The involvement of FLY in parasite interaction with endothelial cells from different organs has been studied using bacteriophages expressing the FLY peptide as surrogates. We found that phages expressing FLY bind to endothelial cells in an organ dependent manner, particularly in the heart. Also, this peptide binds strongly to intermediate cell filaments, like cytokeratins and vimentin. These results indicate that FLY might be an important contributor to tissue tropism. It also supports the notion that the vasculature and the endothelial cells are important players in Chagas' disease. These data may have important implications in the pathology of Chagas' disease and novel therapeutic approaches for patients afflicted with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata R. Tonelli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J. Giordano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elena Magda Barbu
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ana Claudia Torrecilhas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson S. Kobayashi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robert R. Langley
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wadih Arap
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Walter Colli
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Júlia M. Alves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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25
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Driessen W, Kee PH. Targeted Molecular Imaging to Detect Vascular Disease. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-010-0116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Staquicini FI, Moeller BJ, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Combinatorial vascular targeting in translational medicine. Proteomics Clin Appl 2010; 4:626-32. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Winger BJ, Clements EA, DeYoung JL, O'Rourke TJ, Claypool DL, Vachon S, VanDyke TH, Zimmer-Young J, Kintzel PE. Cost savings from dose rounding of biologic anticancer agents in adults. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2010; 17:246-51. [PMID: 20332175 DOI: 10.1177/1078155210366171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this project was to determine the cost savings related to a dose-rounding process for adult biologic anticancer agents. Methods: Biologic anticancer agents prepared by the inpatient pharmacy were identified retrospectively through completed chemotherapy preparation checklists and medication orders on file in the pharmacy or by the clinical pharmacist for adult oncology from the medical records of patients in her practice. The specific products screened for evaluation were aldesleukin, bevacizumab, cetuximab, denileukin diftitox, gemtuzumab, rituximab, and trastuzumab. Data collected included drug name, ordered dose, rounded dose, and product vials not wasted. Specific drug costs were provided by the department’s purchasing office. The project was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board to allow retrospective data collection from patient records. Cost savings were evaluated retrospectively for the time period of January 1, 2005 through March 31, 2005. Results: One hundred and twenty-six orders for biologic anticancer agents were processed by the pharmacy department during the 3-month time period of data collection. Dose rounding could reduce drug wastage for 42% of these orders. Potential cost savings from dose rounding was $24,434 for the 3-month interval evaluated. However, nonadherence to dose rounding for 29 rituximab orders decreased the actual cost savings to $15,922. Individual staff education was reinforced to address nonadherence. Conclusion: Routine dose rounding of biologic anticancer agents to an amount within 10% of the ordered dose achieved cost savings through reduction of drug wastage at our institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Winger
- Department of Pharmacy, LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT 84143, USA
| | | | - Jaculin L DeYoung
- Department of Quality, Spectrum Health Hospitals, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Timothy J O'Rourke
- Medical Oncology, Cancer & Hematology Centers of West Michigan, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Deborah L Claypool
- Department of Pharmacy, Spectrum Health Hospitals, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Steve Vachon
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer & Hematology Centers of West Michigan, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Thomas H VanDyke
- Department of Pharmacy, Spectrum Health Hospitals, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | | | - Polly E Kintzel
- Department of Pharmacy, Spectrum Health Hospitals, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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Godin B, Driessen WHP, Proneth B, Lee SY, Srinivasan S, Rumbaut R, Arap W, Pasqualini R, Ferrari M, Decuzzi P. An integrated approach for the rational design of nanovectors for biomedical imaging and therapy. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2010; 69:31-64. [PMID: 20807601 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2660(10)69009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles for the early detection, cure, and imaging of diseases has been proved already to have a colossal potential in different biomedical fields, such as oncology and cardiology. A broad spectrum of nanoparticles are currently under development, exhibiting differences in (i) size, ranging from few tens of nanometers to few microns; (ii) shape, from the classical spherical beads to discoidal, hemispherical, cylindrical, and conical; (iii) surface functionalization, with a wide range of electrostatic charges and biomolecule conjugations. Clearly, the library of nanoparticles generated by combining all possible sizes, shapes, and surface physicochemical properties is enormous. With such a complex scenario, an integrated approach is here proposed and described for the rational design of nanoparticle systems (nanovectors) for the intravascular delivery of therapeutic and imaging contrast agents. The proposed integrated approach combines multiscale/multiphysics mathematical models with in vitro assays and in vivo intravital microscopy (IVM) experiments and aims at identifying the optimal combination of size, shape, and surface properties that maximize the nanovectors localization within the diseased microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biana Godin
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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29
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Abstract
Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a potential receptor for targeting therapy in cancer and chronic vascular disease due to its overexpression at the cell surface in tumor cells and in atherosclerotic lesions. Presence of the GRP78 autoantibody in cancer patient sera is generally associated with poor prognosis since it signals a prosurvival mechanism in response to cellular stress. Association of GRP78 with various binding partners involves coordination of multiple signaling pathways that result in either cell survival or cell death. Binding of activated alpha2-macroglobulin to cell-surface GRP78 activates Akt to suppress apoptotic pathways through multiple downstream effectors, and concomitantly upregulates NF-kappaBeta and induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) so that cell proliferation prevails. Interaction of GRP78 with cell-surface T-cadherin promotes endothelial cell survival. Association of oncogenic Cripto with GRP78 nullifies TGF-beta superfamily-dependent signaling through Smad2/3 to promote cell proliferation. In contrast, association of GRP78 with the plasminogen kringle 5 domain or extracellular Par-4 promotes apoptosis. Interaction of GRP78 with microplasminogen induces the UPR while association with tissue factor inhibits procoagulant activity. The diverse and multiple binding proteins of GRP78 and their equally diverse functional outcomes reflect the regulatory cellular functions that GRP78 orchestrates. Several GRP78 targeting peptides have been isolated from different tumors and they show remarkable tumor specificity. Conjugation of GRP78-targeting peptides to an apoptosis-inducing peptide suppresses tumor growth in tumor xenografts, thereby demonstrating that GRP78 is a viable target by which clinical cancer therapies can be successfully developed as well as its potential utility in treating vascular disease.
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30
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Gullotti E, Yeo Y. Extracellularly activated nanocarriers: a new paradigm of tumor targeted drug delivery. Mol Pharm 2009; 6:1041-51. [PMID: 19366234 DOI: 10.1021/mp900090z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the main goals of nanomedicine is to develop a nanocarrier that can selectively deliver anticancer drugs to the targeted tumors. Extensive efforts have resulted in several tumor-targeted nanocarriers, some of which are approved for clinical use. Most nanocarriers achieve tumor-selective accumulation through the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Targeting molecules such as antibodies, peptides, ligands, or nucleic acids attached to the nanocarriers further enhance their recognition and internalization by the target tissues. While both the stealth and targeting features are important for effective and selective drug delivery to the tumors, achieving both features simultaneously is often found to be difficult. Some of the recent targeting strategies have the potential to overcome this challenge. These strategies utilize the unique extracellular environment of tumors to change the long-circulating nanocarriers to release the drug or interact with cells in a tumor-specific manner. This review discusses the new targeting strategies with recent examples, which utilize the environmental stimuli to activate the nanocarriers. Traditional strategies for tumor-targeted nanocarriers are briefly discussed with an emphasis on their achievements and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gullotti
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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31
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Giordano RJ, Edwards JK, Tuder RM, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Combinatorial ligand-directed lung targeting. PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY 2009; 6:411-5. [PMID: 19687212 PMCID: PMC3266014 DOI: 10.1513/pats.200903-014aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phage display of random peptide libraries is a powerful, unbiased method frequently used to discover ligands for virtually any protein of interest and to reveal functional protein-protein interaction partners. Moreover, in vivo phage display permits selection of peptides that bind specifically to different vascular beds without any previous knowledge pertaining to the nature of their corresponding receptors. Vascular targeting exploits molecular differences inherent in blood vessels within given organs and tissues, as well as diversity between normal and angiogenic blood vessels. Over the years, our group has identified phage capable of homing to lung blood vessels based on screenings using immortalized lung endothelial cells combined with in vivo selections after intravenous administration of combinatorial libraries. Peptides targeting lung vasculature have been extensively characterized and a lead homing peptide has shown interesting biological properties, bringing novel insights as to the implications of lung endothelial cell apoptosis in the pathogenesis of emphysema. We have also designed and developed targeted nanoparticles with imaging capabilities and/or drug delivery functions by combining phage display technology and elemental gold (Au) nanoparticles, constituting a promising platform for the development of therapeutic agents for imaging and treatment of lung disorders. Given the important role of the endothelium in the pathogenesis and progression of several diseases associated with the airways, ligand-directed discovery of lung vascular markers is an important milestone toward the development of future targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J. Giordano
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Julianna K. Edwards
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Rubin M. Tuder
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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32
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Marchiò S, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Targeting the extracellular signature of metastatic colorectal cancers. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2009; 13:363-79. [PMID: 19236157 DOI: 10.1517/14728220902762910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of tumor death, a consequence primarily of the spreading of malignant cells to liver and lung. Despite a range of interventions for liver metastases, the present knowledge of few specific molecular targets may contribute to late diagnosis and poorly effective therapy. OBJECTIVE To review the most innovative methodology employed to profile the signature(s) of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and to address diagnostic/therapeutic agents. METHODS A broad range Medline search was conducted, with particular attention to the search terms 'liver metastasis signature', in combination with 'targeting' and 'nanotechnology'. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Studies aimed at the discovery of molecular signatures of cancers and metastasis are ongoing; the future of cancer/metastasis targeting is nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marchiò
- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
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33
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Lewis VO, Ozawa MG, Deavers MT, Wang G, Shintani T, Arap W, Pasqualini R. The Interleukin-11 Receptor α as a Candidate Ligand-Directed Target in Osteosarcoma: Consistent Data from Cell Lines, Orthotopic Models, and Human Tumor Samples. Cancer Res 2009; 69:1995-9. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-4845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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34
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Driessen WHP, Ozawa MG, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Ligand-directed cancer gene therapy to angiogenic vasculature. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2009; 67:103-121. [PMID: 19914451 PMCID: PMC7172741 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2660(09)67004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy strategies in cancer have remained an active area of preclinical and clinical research. One of the current limitations to successful trials is the relative transduction efficiency to produce a therapeutic effect. While intratumoral injections are the mainstay of many treatment regimens to date, this approach is hindered by hydrostatic pressures within the tumor and is not always applicable to all tumor subtypes. Vascular-targeting strategies introduce an alternative method to deliver vectors with higher local concentrations and minimization of systemic toxicity. Moreover, therapeutic targeting of angiogenic vasculature often leads to enhanced bystander effects, improving efficacy. While identification of functional and systemically accessible molecular targets is challenging, approaches, such as in vivo phage display and phage-based viral delivery vectors, provide a platform upon which vascular targeting of vectors may become a viable and translational approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H P Driessen
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Michael G Ozawa
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Wadih Arap
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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35
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Khakoo AY, Sidman RL, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Does the renin-angiotensin system participate in regulation of human vasculogenesis and angiogenesis? Cancer Res 2008; 68:9112-5. [PMID: 19010879 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-0851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that hypertension and angiogenesis may be related phenomena but a functional link remains elusive. Here, we propose that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), in addition to its central role in arterial hypertension, also regulates blood vessel formation during normal development and cancer. This mechanistic hypothesis is based on reports of biochemical, genetic, clinical, and epidemiologic data reviewed herein. Species differences between the RAS of rodents and humans likely account for why such a fundamental role in angiogenesis went unrecognized for so long. If proven correct, this hypothesis carries many implications for the medical practices of cardiology, oncology, and neonatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarif Y Khakoo
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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36
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Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that peptides containing the Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motif can selectively recognize tumor neovasculature and can be used, therefore, for ligand-directed targeted delivery of various drugs and particles to tumors or to other tissues with an angiogenesis component. The neovasculature binding properties of these peptides rely on the interaction with an endothelium-associated form of aminopeptidase N (CD13), an enzyme that has been implicated in angiogenesis and tumor growth. Recent studies have shown that NGR can rapidly convert to isoaspartate-glycine-arginine (isoDGR) by asparagine deamidation, generating alpha(v)beta(3) ligands capable of affecting endothelial cell functions and tumor growth. This review focuses on structural and functional properties of the NGR motif and its application in drug development for angiogenesis-dependent diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the time-dependent transition of NGR to isoDGR in natural proteins, such as fibronectins, and its potential role of as a "molecular timer" for generating new binding sites for integrins impli-cated in angiogenesis.
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37
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Trepel M, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Chapter 4 Screening Phage‐Display Peptide Libraries for Vascular Targeted Peptides. Methods Enzymol 2008; 445:83-106. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(08)03004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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