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Bhattacharya G, McMichael S, Lionadi I, Biglarbeigi P, Finlay D, Fernandez-Ibanez P, Payam AF. Mass and Stiffness Deconvolution in Nanomechanical Resonators for Precise Mass Measurement and In Vivo Biosensing. ACS NANO 2024; 18:20181-20190. [PMID: 39072375 PMCID: PMC11308922 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Nanomechanical sensors, due to their small size and high sensitivity to the environment, hold significant promise for various sensing applications. These sensors enable rapid, highly sensitive, and selective detection of biological and biochemical entities as well as mass spectrometry by utilizing the frequency shift of nanomechanical resonators. Nanomechanical systems have been employed to measure the mass of cells and biomolecules and study the fundamentals of surface science such as phase transitions and diffusion. Here, we develop a methodology using both experimental measurements and numerical simulations to explore the characteristics of nanomechanical resonators when the detection entities are absorbed on the cantilever surface and quantify the mass, density, and Young's modulus of adsorbed entities. Moreover, based on this proposed concept, we present an experimental method for measuring the mass of molecules and living biological entities in their physiological environment. This approach could find applications in predicting the behavior of bionanoelectromechanical resonators functionalized with biological capture molecules, as well as in label-free, nonfunctionalized micro/nanoscale biosensing and mass spectrometry of living bioentities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Bhattacharya
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1AP, U.K.
| | - Stuart McMichael
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1AP, U.K.
| | - Indrianita Lionadi
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1AP, U.K.
| | - Pardis Biglarbeigi
- Department
of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Whelan Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE England, U.K.
| | - Dewar Finlay
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1AP, U.K.
| | - Pilar Fernandez-Ibanez
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1AP, U.K.
| | - Amir Farokh Payam
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1AP, U.K.
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2
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Zhou J, Liao C, Zou M, Villalba MI, Xiong C, Zhao C, Venturelli L, Liu D, Kohler AC, Sekatskii SK, Dietler G, Wang Y, Kasas S. An Optical Fiber-Based Nanomotion Sensor for Rapid Antibiotic and Antifungal Susceptibility Tests. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2980-2988. [PMID: 38311846 PMCID: PMC10941246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic and antifungal resistant microorganisms represents nowadays a major public health issue that might push humanity into a post-antibiotic/antifungal era. One of the approaches to avoid such a catastrophe is to advance rapid antibiotic and antifungal susceptibility tests. In this study, we present a compact, optical fiber-based nanomotion sensor to achieve this goal by monitoring the dynamic nanoscale oscillation of a cantilever related to microorganism viability. High detection sensitivity was achieved that was attributed to the flexible two-photon polymerized cantilever with a spring constant of 0.3 N/m. This nanomotion device showed an excellent performance in the susceptibility tests of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans with a fast response in a time frame of minutes. As a proof-of-concept, with the simplicity of use and the potential of parallelization, our innovative sensor is anticipated to be an interesting candidate for future rapid antibiotic and antifungal susceptibility tests and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhou
- Laboratory
of Physics of Living Matter (LPMV), École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department
of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Changrui Liao
- Guangdong
and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors and
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry
of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Mengqiang Zou
- Guangdong
and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors and
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry
of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Maria Ines Villalba
- Laboratory
of Biological Electron Microscopy (LBEM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL),
and Department of Fundamental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine,
University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cong Xiong
- Guangdong
and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors and
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry
of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Guangdong
and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors and
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry
of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Leonardo Venturelli
- Laboratory
of Physics of Living Matter (LPMV), École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dan Liu
- Guangdong
and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors and
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry
of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Anne-Celine Kohler
- Laboratory
of Physics of Living Matter (LPMV), École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sergey K. Sekatskii
- Laboratory
of Physics of Living Matter (LPMV), École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory
of Biological Electron Microscopy (LBEM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL),
and Department of Fundamental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine,
University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Dietler
- Laboratory
of Physics of Living Matter (LPMV), École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yiping Wang
- Guangdong
and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors and
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry
of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Sandor Kasas
- Laboratory
of Biological Electron Microscopy (LBEM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL),
and Department of Fundamental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine,
University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- International
Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Centre
Universitaire Romand de Médecine Légale, UFAM, Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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3
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Bonyár A, Nagy ÁG, Gunstheimer H, Fläschner G, Horvath R. Hydrodynamic function and spring constant calibration of FluidFM micropipette cantilevers. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:26. [PMID: 38370396 PMCID: PMC10874374 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Fluidic force microscopy (FluidFM) fuses the force sensitivity of atomic force microscopy with the manipulation capabilities of microfluidics by using microfabricated cantilevers with embedded fluidic channels. This innovation initiated new research and development directions in biology, biophysics, and material science. To acquire reliable and reproducible data, the calibration of the force sensor is crucial. Importantly, the hollow FluidFM cantilevers contain a row of parallel pillars inside a rectangular beam. The precise spring constant calibration of the internally structured cantilever is far from trivial, and existing methods generally assume simplifications that are not applicable to these special types of cantilevers. In addition, the Sader method, which is currently implemented by the FluidFM community, relies on the precise measurement of the quality factor, which renders the calibration of the spring constant sensitive to noise. In this study, the hydrodynamic function of these special types of hollow cantilevers was experimentally determined with different instruments. Based on the hydrodynamic function, a novel spring constant calibration method was adapted, which relied only on the two resonance frequencies of the cantilever, measured in air and in a liquid. Based on these results, our proposed method can be successfully used for the reliable, noise-free calibration of hollow FluidFM cantilevers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Bonyár
- Department of Electronics Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágoston G. Nagy
- Department of Electronics Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, HUN-REN, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, HUN-REN, Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Starodubtseva MN, Shkliarava NM, Chelnokova IA, Villalba MI, Krylov AY, Nadyrov EA, Kasas S. Mechanical Properties and Nanomotion of BT-20 and ZR-75 Breast Cancer Cells Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy and Optical Nanomotion Detection Method. Cells 2023; 12:2362. [PMID: 37830577 PMCID: PMC10572077 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells of two molecular genetic types of breast cancer-hormone-dependent breast cancer (ZR-75 cell line) and triple-negative breast cancer (BT-20 cell line)-were studied using atomic force microscopy and an optical nanomotion detection method. Using the Peak Force QNM and Force Volume AFM modes, we revealed the unique patterns of the dependence of Young's modulus on the indentation depth for two cancer cell lines that correlate with the features of the spatial organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Within a 200-300 nm layer just under the cell membrane, BT-20 cells are stiffer than ZR-75 cells, whereas in deeper cell regions, Young's modulus of ZR-75 cells exceeds that of BT-20 cells. Two cancer cell lines also displayed a difference in cell nanomotion dynamics upon exposure to cytochalasin D, a potent actin polymerization inhibitor. The drug strongly modified the nanomotion pattern of BT-20 cells, whereas it had almost no effect on the ZR-75 cells. We are confident that nanomotion monitoring and measurement of the stiffness of cancer cells at various indentation depths deserve further studies to obtain effective predictive parameters for use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. Starodubtseva
- Department of Medical and Biological Physics, Gomel State Medical University, 246000 Gomel, Belarus
- Laboratory of the Stability of Biological Systems, Radiobiology Institute of NAS of Belarus, 246007 Gomel, Belarus; (N.M.S.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Nastassia M. Shkliarava
- Laboratory of the Stability of Biological Systems, Radiobiology Institute of NAS of Belarus, 246007 Gomel, Belarus; (N.M.S.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Irina A. Chelnokova
- Laboratory of the Stability of Biological Systems, Radiobiology Institute of NAS of Belarus, 246007 Gomel, Belarus; (N.M.S.); (I.A.C.)
| | - María I. Villalba
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.I.V.); (S.K.)
- Centre Universitaire Romand de Médecine Légale, UFAM, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrei Yu. Krylov
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Further Training and Retraining of the Personnel, State Forensic Examination Committee of the Republic of Belarus, 220033 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Eldar A. Nadyrov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Gomel State Medical University, 246000 Gomel, Belarus;
| | - Sandor Kasas
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.I.V.); (S.K.)
- Centre Universitaire Romand de Médecine Légale, UFAM, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Zhou J, Huang J, Huang H, Zhao C, Zou M, Liu D, Weng X, Liu L, Qu J, Liu L, Liao C, Wang Y. Fiber-integrated cantilever-based nanomechanical biosensors as a tool for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1862-1873. [PMID: 37206142 PMCID: PMC10191643 DOI: 10.1364/boe.484015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for developing rapid and affordable antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) technologies to inhibit the overuse of antibiotics. In this study, a novel microcantilever nanomechanical biosensor based on Fabry-Pérot interference demodulation was developed for AST. To construct the biosensor, a cantilever was integrated with the single mode fiber in order to form the Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI). After the attachment of bacteria on the cantilever, the fluctuations of cantilever caused by the bacterial movements were detected by monitoring the changes of resonance wavelength in the interference spectrum. We applied this methodology to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, showing the amplitude of cantilever's fluctuations was positively related on the quantity of bacteria immobilized on the cantilever and associated with the bacterial metabolism. The response of bacteria to antibiotics was dependent on the types of bacteria, the types and concentrations of antibiotics. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations for Escherichia coli were obtained within 30 minutes, demonstrating the capacity of this method for rapid AST. Benefiting from the simplicity and portability of the optical fiber FPI-based nanomotion detection device, the developed nanomechanical biosensor in this study provides a promising technique for AST and a more rapid alternative for clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiabin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haoqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Mengqiang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changrui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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6
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Pleskova SN, Lazarenko EV, Bezrukov NA, Bobyk SZ, Boryakov AV, Kriukov RN. Differences in bacteria nanomotion profiles and neutrophil nanomotion during phagocytosis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1113353. [PMID: 37032906 PMCID: PMC10076590 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1113353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this work is to highlight the connection between nanomotion and the metabolic activity of living cells. We therefore monitored the nanomotion of four different clinical strains of bacteria (prokaryotes) and the bacterial phagocytosis by neutrophil granulocytes (eukaryotes). All clinical strains of bacteria, regardless of their biochemical profile, showed pronounced fluctuations. Importantly, the nature of their nanomotions was different for the different strains. Flagellated bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis) showed more pronounced movements than the non-flagellated forms (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae). The unprimed neutrophil did not cause any difference in cantilever oscillations with control. However, in the process of phagocytosis of S. aureus (metabolically active state), a significant activation of neutrophil granulocytes was observed and cell nanomotions were maintained at a high level for up to 30 min of observation. These preliminary results indicate that nanomotion seems to be specific to different bacterial species and could be used to monitor, in a label free manner, basic cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nikolaevna Pleskova
- Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology, R.E. Alekseev Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- *Correspondence: Svetlana Nikolaevna Pleskova,
| | - Ekaterina Vladimirovna Lazarenko
- Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology, R.E. Alekseev Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Sergey Zenonovich Bobyk
- Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Ruslan Nikolaevich Kriukov
- Department of Semiconductors, Electronics and Nanoelectronics Physics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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7
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Parmar P, Villalba MI, Horii Huber AS, Kalauzi A, Bartolić D, Radotić K, Willaert RG, MacFabe DF, Kasas S. Mitochondrial nanomotion measured by optical microscopy. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1133773. [PMID: 37032884 PMCID: PMC10078959 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1133773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanometric scale size oscillations seem to be a fundamental feature of all living organisms on Earth. Their detection usually requires complex and very sensitive devices. However, some recent studies demonstrated that very simple optical microscopes and dedicated image processing software can also fulfill this task. This novel technique, termed as optical nanomotion detection (ONMD), was recently successfully used on yeast cells to conduct rapid antifungal sensitivity tests. In this study, we demonstrate that the ONMD method can monitor motile sub-cellular organelles, such as mitochondria. Here, mitochondrial isolates (from HEK 293 T and Jurkat cells) undergo predictable motility when viewed by ONMD and triggered by mitochondrial toxins, citric acid intermediates, and dietary and bacterial fermentation products (short-chain fatty acids) at various doses and durations. The technique has superior advantages compared to classical methods since it is rapid, possesses a single organelle sensitivity, and is label- and attachment-free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Parmar
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Ines Villalba
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL NanoBiotechnology and NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Maria I. Villalba, ; Sandor Kasas,
| | - Alexandre Seiji Horii Huber
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandar Kalauzi
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Bartolić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Radotić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ronnie Guy Willaert
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL NanoBiotechnology and NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Alliance Research Group VUB-UGent NanoMicrobiology (NAMI), Research Group Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Derrick F. MacFabe
- Kilee Patchell-Evans Autism Research Group, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre of Healthy Eating and Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sandor Kasas
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL NanoBiotechnology and NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre Universitaire Romand de Médecine Légale, UFAM, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Maria I. Villalba, ; Sandor Kasas,
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8
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Conti M, Andolfi L, Betz-Güttner E, Zilio SD, Lazzarino M. Half-wet nanomechanical sensors for cellular dynamics investigations. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213222. [PMID: 36493536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Testing devices based on cell tracking are particularly interesting as diagnostic tools in medicine for antibiotics susceptibility testing and in vitro chemotherapeutic screening. In this framework, the application of nanomechanical sensors has attracted much attention, although some crucial aspects such as the effects of the viscous damping, when operating in physiological conditions environment, still need to be properly solved. To address this problem, we have designed and fabricated a nanomechanical force sensor that operates at the interface between liquid and air. Our sensor consists of a silicon chip including a 500 μm wide Si3N4 suspended membrane where three rectangular silicon nitride cantilevers are defined by a lithographically etched gap. The cantilevers can be operated in air, fully immersed in a liquid environment and in half wetting condition, with one side in contact with the solution and the opposite one in air. The formation of a water meniscus in the gap prevents the leakage of medium to the opposite side, which remained dry and is used to reflect a laser to measure the cantilever deflection. This configuration enables to keep the cells in physiological environment while operating the sensor in dry conditions. The performance of the sensor has been applied to monitor the motion and measures the forces developed by migrating breast cancer cell. The functionalization of one side of the cantilever and the use of a purposely designed chamber of measurements enable the confinement of the cell only on one side of the cantilever. Our data demonstrate that this approach can distinguish the adhesion and contraction forces developed by different cell lines and may represents valuable tool for a fast and quantitative in-vitro screening of new chemotherapeutic drugs targeting cancer cell adhesion and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Conti
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, PhD in Nanotechnology, 34100 Trieste, Italy; CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Laura Andolfi
- CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Betz-Güttner
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, PhD in Nanotechnology, 34100 Trieste, Italy; CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Dal Zilio
- CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Lazzarino
- CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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9
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Al-madani H, Du H, Yao J, Peng H, Yao C, Jiang B, Wu A, Yang F. Living Sample Viability Measurement Methods from Traditional Assays to Nanomotion. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:453. [PMID: 35884256 PMCID: PMC9313330 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Living sample viability measurement is an extremely common process in medical, pharmaceutical, and biological fields, especially drug pharmacology and toxicology detection. Nowadays, there are a number of chemical, optical, and mechanical methods that have been developed in response to the growing demand for simple, rapid, accurate, and reliable real-time living sample viability assessment. In parallel, the development trend of viability measurement methods (VMMs) has increasingly shifted from traditional assays towards the innovative atomic force microscope (AFM) oscillating sensor method (referred to as nanomotion), which takes advantage of the adhesion of living samples to an oscillating surface. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the common VMMs, laying emphasis on their benefits and drawbacks, as well as evaluating the potential utility of VMMs. In addition, we discuss the nanomotion technique, focusing on its applications, sample attachment protocols, and result display methods. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives on nanomotion are commented on, mainly emphasizing scientific restrictions and development orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Al-madani
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Du
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junlie Yao
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenyang Yao
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516000, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.A.-m.); (H.D.); (J.Y.); (H.P.); (C.Y.); (B.J.)
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516000, China
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10
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Rosłoń IE, Japaridze A, Steeneken PG, Dekker C, Alijani F. Probing nanomotion of single bacteria with graphene drums. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:637-642. [PMID: 35437320 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Motion is a key characteristic of every form of life1. Even at the microscale, it has been reported that colonies of bacteria can generate nanomotion on mechanical cantilevers2, but the origin of these nanoscale vibrations has remained unresolved3,4. Here, we present a new technique using drums made of ultrathin bilayer graphene, where the nanomotion of single bacteria can be measured in its aqueous growth environment. A single Escherichia coli cell is found to generate random oscillations with amplitudes of up to 60 nm, exerting forces of up to 6 nN to its environment. Using mutant strains that differ by single gene deletions that affect motility, we are able to pinpoint the bacterial flagella as the main source of nanomotion. By real-time tracing of changes in nanomotion on administering antibiotics, we demonstrate that graphene drums can perform antibiotic susceptibility testing with single-cell sensitivity. These findings deepen our understanding of processes underlying cellular dynamics, and pave the way towards high-throughput and parallelized rapid screening of the effectiveness of antibiotics in bacterial infections with graphene devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irek E Rosłoń
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Cees Dekker
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
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11
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The Dynamics of Single-Cell Nanomotion Behaviour of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a Microfluidic Chip for Rapid Antifungal Susceptibility Testing. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fast emergence of multi-resistant pathogenic yeasts is caused by the extensive—and sometimes unnecessary—use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs. To rationalise the use of broad-spectrum antifungals, it is essential to have a rapid and sensitive system to identify the most appropriate drug. Here, we developed a microfluidic chip to apply the recently developed optical nanomotion detection (ONMD) method as a rapid antifungal susceptibility test. The microfluidic chip contains no-flow yeast imaging chambers in which the growth medium can be replaced by an antifungal solution without disturbing the nanomotion of the cells in the imaging chamber. This allows for recording the cellular nanomotion of the same cells at regular time intervals of a few minutes before and throughout the treatment with an antifungal. Hence, the real-time response of individual cells to a killing compound can be quantified. In this way, this killing rate provides a new measure to rapidly assess the susceptibility of a specific antifungal. It also permits the determination of the ratio of antifungal resistant versus sensitive cells in a population.
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12
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Beloglazova Y, Nikitiuk A, Voronina A, Gagarskikh O, Bayandin Y, Naimark O, Grishko V. Label-Free Single Cell Viability Assay Using Laser Interference Microscopy. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:590. [PMID: 34206974 PMCID: PMC8301067 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Laser interference microscopy (LIM) is a promising label-free method for single-cell research applicable to cell viability assessment in the studies of mammalian cells. This paper describes the development of a sensitive and reproducible method for assessing cell viability using LIM. The method, based on associated signal processing techniques, has been developed as a result of real-time investigation in phase thickness fluctuations of viable and non-viable MCF-7 cells, reflecting the presence and absence of their metabolic activity. As evinced by the values of the variable vc, this variable determines the viability of a cell only in the attached state (vc exceeds 20 nm2 for viable attached cells). The critical value of the power spectrum slope βc of the phase thickness fluctuations equals 1.00 for attached MCF-7 cells and 0.71 for suspended cells. The slope of the phase fluctuations' power spectrum for MCF-7 cells was determined to exceed the threshold value of βc for a living cell, otherwise the cell is dead. The results evince the power spectrum slope as the most appropriate indicator of cell viability, while the integrated evaluation criterion (vc and βc values) can be used to assay the viability of attached cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Beloglazova
- Perm Federal Scientific Centre, Institute of Technical Chemistry UB RAS, Academician Korolev St. 3, 614013 Perm, Russia; (Y.B.); (A.V.); (O.G.)
| | - Aleksandr Nikitiuk
- Perm Federal Scientific Centre, Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Academician Korolev St. 1, 614013 Perm, Russia; (A.N.); (Y.B.); (O.N.)
| | - Anna Voronina
- Perm Federal Scientific Centre, Institute of Technical Chemistry UB RAS, Academician Korolev St. 3, 614013 Perm, Russia; (Y.B.); (A.V.); (O.G.)
| | - Olga Gagarskikh
- Perm Federal Scientific Centre, Institute of Technical Chemistry UB RAS, Academician Korolev St. 3, 614013 Perm, Russia; (Y.B.); (A.V.); (O.G.)
| | - Yuriy Bayandin
- Perm Federal Scientific Centre, Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Academician Korolev St. 1, 614013 Perm, Russia; (A.N.); (Y.B.); (O.N.)
| | - Oleg Naimark
- Perm Federal Scientific Centre, Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Academician Korolev St. 1, 614013 Perm, Russia; (A.N.); (Y.B.); (O.N.)
| | - Victoria Grishko
- Perm Federal Scientific Centre, Institute of Technical Chemistry UB RAS, Academician Korolev St. 3, 614013 Perm, Russia; (Y.B.); (A.V.); (O.G.)
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13
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Nano-Motion Analysis for Rapid and Label Free Assessing of Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Chemotherapeutics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57050446. [PMID: 34064439 PMCID: PMC8147836 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57050446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Optimization of chemotherapy is crucial for cancer patients. Timely and costly efficient treatments are emerging due to the increasing incidence of cancer worldwide. Here, we present a methodology of nano-motion analysis that could be developed to serve as a screening tool able to determine the best chemotherapy option for a particular patient within hours. Materials and Methods: Three different human cancer cell lines and their multidrug resistant (MDR) counterparts were analyzed with an atomic force microscope (AFM) using tipless cantilevers to adhere the cells and monitor their nano-motions. Results: The cells exposed to doxorubicin (DOX) differentially responded due to their sensitivity to this chemotherapeutic. The death of sensitive cells corresponding to the drop in signal variance occurred in less than 2 h after DOX application, while MDR cells continued to move, even showing an increase in signal variance. Conclusions: Nano-motion sensing can be developed as a screening tool that will allow simple, inexpensive and quick testing of different chemotherapeutics for each cancer patient. Further investigations on patient-derived tumor cells should confirm the method’s applicability.
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14
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Grzeszczuk Z, Rosillo A, Owens Ó, Bhattacharjee S. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) As a Surface Mapping Tool in Microorganisms Resistant Toward Antimicrobials: A Mini-Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:517165. [PMID: 33123004 PMCID: PMC7567160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.517165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses due to a plethora of reasons, such as genetic mutation and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, is a major challenge faced by the healthcare sector today. One of the issues at hand is to effectively screen and isolate resistant strains from sensitive ones. Utilizing the distinct nanomechanical properties (e.g., elasticity, intracellular turgor pressure, and Young’s modulus) of microbes can be an intriguing way to achieve this; while atomic force microscopy (AFM), with or without modification of the tips, presents an effective way to investigate such biophysical properties of microbial surfaces or an entire microbial cell. Additionally, advanced AFM instruments, apart from being compatible with aqueous environments—as often is the case for biological samples—can measure the adhesive forces acting between AFM tips/cantilevers (conjugated to bacterium/virion, substrates, and molecules) and target cells/surfaces to develop informative force-distance curves. Moreover, such force spectroscopies provide an idea of the nature of intercellular interactions (e.g., receptor-ligand) or propensity of microbes to aggregate into densely packed layers, that is, the formation of biofilms—a property of resistant strains (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). This mini-review will revisit the use of single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) and single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) that are emerging as powerful additions to the arsenal of researchers in the struggle against resistant microbes, identify their strengths and weakness and, finally, prioritize some future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Óisín Owens
- School of Physics, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Scandurra R, Scotto d’Abusco A, Longo G. A Review of the Effect of a Nanostructured Thin Film Formed by Titanium Carbide and Titanium Oxides Clustered around Carbon in Graphitic Form on Osseointegration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1233. [PMID: 32599955 PMCID: PMC7353133 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Improving the biocompatibility of implants is an extremely important step towards improving their quality. In this review, we recount the technological and biological process for coating implants with thin films enriched in titanium carbide (TiC), which provide improved cell growth and osseointegration. At first, we discuss the use of a Pulsed Laser Ablation Deposition, which produced films with a good biocompatibility, cellular stimulation and osseointegration. We then describe how Ion Plating Plasma Assisted technology could be used to produce a nanostructured layer composed by graphitic carbon, whose biocompatibility is enhanced by titanium oxides and titanium carbide. In both cases, the nanostructured coating was compact and strongly bound to the bulk titanium, thus particularly useful to protect implants from the harsh oxidizing environment of biological tissues. The morphology and chemistry of the nanostructured coating were particularly desirable for osteoblasts, resulting in improved proliferation and differentiation. The cellular adhesion to the TiC-coated substrates was much stronger than to uncoated surfaces, and the number of philopodia and lamellipodia developed by the cells grown on the TiC-coated samples was higher. Finally, tests performed on rabbits confirmed in vivo that the osseointegration process of the TiC-coated implants is more efficient than that of uncoated titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Scandurra
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Anna Scotto d’Abusco
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Longo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Roma, Italy;
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16
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Willaert RG, Vanden Boer P, Malovichko A, Alioscha-Perez M, Radotić K, Bartolić D, Kalauzi A, Villalba MI, Sanglard D, Dietler G, Sahli H, Kasas S. Single yeast cell nanomotions correlate with cellular activity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba3139. [PMID: 32637604 PMCID: PMC7314535 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Living single yeast cells show a specific cellular motion at the nanometer scale with a magnitude that is proportional to the cellular activity of the cell. We characterized this cellular nanomotion pattern of nonattached single yeast cells using classical optical microscopy. The distribution of the cellular displacements over a short time period is distinct from random motion. The range and shape of such nanomotion displacement distributions change substantially according to the metabolic state of the cell. The analysis of the nanomotion frequency pattern demonstrated that single living yeast cells oscillate at relatively low frequencies of around 2 hertz. The simplicity of the technique should open the way to numerous applications among which antifungal susceptibility tests seem the most straightforward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie G. Willaert
- International Joint Research Group BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel—Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium—B-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Alliance Research Group NanoMicrobiology (NAMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels B-1050, Belgium—Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Visiting professor, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieterjan Vanden Boer
- International Joint Research Group BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel—Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium—B-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Alliance Research Group NanoMicrobiology (NAMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels B-1050, Belgium—Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anton Malovichko
- International Joint Research Group BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel—Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium—B-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mitchel Alioscha-Perez
- International Joint Research Group BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel—Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium—B-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Electronics and Informatics Dept (ETRO), AVSP Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ksenija Radotić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
| | - Dragana Bartolić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Kalauzi
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
| | - Maria Ines Villalba
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Dominique Sanglard
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Dietler
- International Joint Research Group BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel—Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium—B-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hichem Sahli
- International Joint Research Group BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel—Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium—B-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Electronics and Informatics Dept (ETRO), AVSP Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC), B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Visiting professor, Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab on Speech and Image Information Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an, China
| | - Sandor Kasas
- International Joint Research Group BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel—Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne (EPFL), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium—B-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Vivante, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unité Facultaire d’Anatomie et de Morphologie (UFAM), CUMRL, University of Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
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17
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Abstract
Yeast resistance to antifungal drugs is a major public health issue. Fungal adhesion onto the host mucosal surface is still a partially unknown phenomenon that is modulated by several actors among which fibronectin plays an important role. Targeting the yeast adhesion onto the mucosal surface could lead to potentially highly efficient treatments. In this work, we explored the effect of fibronectin on the nanomotion pattern of different Candida albicans strains by atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanomotion detection and correlated the cellular oscillations to the yeast adhesion onto epithelial cells. Preliminary results demonstrate that strongly adhering strains reduce their nanomotion activity upon fibronectin exposure whereas low adhering Candida remain unaffected. These results open novel avenues to explore cellular reactions upon exposure to stimulating agents and possibly to monitor in a rapid and simple manner adhesive properties of C. albicans.
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