1
|
Joglekar MV, Kaur S, Pociot F, Hardikar AA. Prediction of progression to type 1 diabetes with dynamic biomarkers and risk scores. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:483-492. [PMID: 38797187 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(24)00103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers of functional β-cell loss is an important step in the risk stratification of type 1 diabetes. Genetic risk scores (GRS), generated by profiling an array of single nucleotide polymorphisms, are a widely used type 1 diabetes risk-prediction tool. Type 1 diabetes screening studies have relied on a combination of biochemical (autoantibody) and GRS screening methodologies for identifying individuals at high-risk of type 1 diabetes. A limitation of these screening tools is that the presence of autoantibodies marks the initiation of β-cell loss, and is therefore not the best biomarker of progression to early-stage type 1 diabetes. GRS, on the other hand, represents a static biomarker offering a single risk score over an individual's lifetime. In this Personal View, we explore the challenges and opportunities of static and dynamic biomarkers in the prediction of progression to type 1 diabetes. We discuss future directions wherein newer dynamic risk scores could be used to predict type 1 diabetes risk, assess the efficacy of new and emerging drugs to retard, or prevent type 1 diabetes, and possibly replace or further enhance the predictive ability offered by static biomarkers, such as GRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha V Joglekar
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Flemming Pociot
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elsayed AK, Aldous N, Alajez NM, Abdelalim EM. Identifying miRNA Signatures Associated with Pancreatic Islet Dysfunction in a FOXA2-Deficient iPSC Model. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10752-0. [PMID: 38916841 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetes involves complex changes in the expression profiles of mRNA and non-coding RNAs within pancreatic islet cells. Recent progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have allowed the modeling of diabetes-associated genes. Our recent study using FOXA2-deficient human iPSC models has highlighted an essential role for FOXA2 in the development of human pancreas. Here, we aimed to provide further insights on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) by studying the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in iPSC-derived islets lacking the FOXA2 gene. Consistent with our previous findings, the absence of FOXA2 significantly downregulated the expression of islet hormones, INS, and GCG, alongside other key developmental genes in pancreatic islets. Concordantly, RNA-Seq analysis showed significant downregulation of genes related to pancreatic development and upregulation of genes associated with nervous system development and lipid metabolic pathways. Furthermore, the absence of FOXA2 in iPSC-derived pancreatic islets resulted in significant alterations in miRNA expression, with 61 miRNAs upregulated and 99 downregulated. The upregulated miRNAs targeted crucial genes involved in diabetes and pancreatic islet cell development. In contrary, the absence of FOXA2 in islets showed a network of downregulated miRNAs targeting genes related to nervous system development and lipid metabolism. These findings highlight the impact of FOXA2 absence on pancreatic islet development and suggesting intricate miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks affecting pancreatic islet cell development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Elsayed
- Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cell Disease Modeling, Translational Medicine Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- Stem Cell Core, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Noura Aldous
- Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cell Disease Modeling, Translational Medicine Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Essam M Abdelalim
- Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cell Disease Modeling, Translational Medicine Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar.
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pollin G, Mathison AJ, de Assuncao TM, Thomas A, Zeighami A, Salmonson A, Liu H, Urrutia G, Vankayala P, Pandol SJ, Hong JC, Zimmermann MT, Iovanna J, Jin VX, Urrutia R, Lomberk G. Ehmt2 inactivation in pancreatic epithelial cells shapes the transcriptional landscape and inflammation response of the whole pancreas. Front Genet 2024; 15:1412767. [PMID: 38948355 PMCID: PMC11211573 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1412767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Euchromatic Histone Methyl Transferase Protein 2 (EHMT2), also known as G9a, deposits transcriptionally repressive chromatin marks that play pivotal roles in the maturation and homeostasis of multiple organs. Recently, we have shown that Ehmt2 inactivation in the mouse pancreas alters growth and immune gene expression networks, antagonizing Kras-mediated pancreatic cancer initiation and promotion. Here, we elucidate the essential role of Ehmt2 in maintaining a transcriptional landscape that protects organs from inflammation. Methods: Comparative RNA-seq studies between normal postnatal and young adult pancreatic tissue from Ehmt2 conditional knockout animals (Ehmt2 fl/fl ) targeted to the exocrine pancreatic epithelial cells (Pdx1-Cre and P48 Cre/+ ), reveal alterations in gene expression networks in the whole organ related to injury-inflammation-repair, suggesting an increased predisposition to damage. Thus, we induced an inflammation repair response in the Ehmt2 fl/fl pancreas and used a data science-based approach to integrate RNA-seq-derived pathways and networks, deconvolution digital cytology, and spatial transcriptomics. We also analyzed the tissue response to damage at the morphological, biochemical, and molecular pathology levels. Results and discussion: The Ehmt2 fl/fl pancreas displays an enhanced injury-inflammation-repair response, offering insights into fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in this process. More importantly, these data show that conditional Ehmt2 inactivation in exocrine cells reprograms the local environment to recruit mesenchymal and immunological cells needed to mount an increased inflammatory response. Mechanistically, this response is an enhanced injury-inflammation-repair reaction with a small contribution of specific Ehmt2-regulated transcripts. Thus, this new knowledge extends the mechanisms underlying the role of the Ehmt2-mediated pathway in suppressing pancreatic cancer initiation and modulating inflammatory pancreatic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Pollin
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Angela J. Mathison
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Thiago M. de Assuncao
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Anju Thomas
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Atefeh Zeighami
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ann Salmonson
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Hongfei Liu
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Guillermo Urrutia
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Pallavi Vankayala
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Johnny C. Hong
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Michael T. Zimmermann
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche médicale (INSERM) U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Victor X. Jin
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Raul Urrutia
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Gwen Lomberk
- Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sangali P, Abdullahi S, Nosrati M, Khosravi-Asrami OF, Mahrooz A, Bagheri A. Altered expression of miR-375 and miR-541 in type 2 diabetes patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD): the potential of miR-375 as a CAD biomarker. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1101-1106. [PMID: 38932834 PMCID: PMC11196532 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01391-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have been linked to beta-cell pathologies and have also shown potential as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of miR-375 and miR-541 in T2D patients with and without CAD, in order to determine the potential of these miRNAs as biomarkers for assessing CAD risk. Methods This study was conducted on 106 patients with T2D who underwent coronary angiographic examination. Reverse transcription was performed using the cDNA synthesis kit. Real-time PCR was performed using the SYBR Green method and specific primers. The ability to predict which person had developed CAD was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Results The expression of miR-375 was significantly higher in samples from CAD patients compared to those without CAD (p = 0.009). While the expression of miR-541 was also higher in CAD patients, the difference was not statistically significant. In terms of predicting CAD, miR-375 was found to be a suitable predictor with an AUC of 0.74 (p = 0.01), while miR-541 was not. With a cut-off value of 0.016 for miR-375, the sensitivity was 67% and the specificity was 80%. Conclusion Our results indicated that circulating levels of miR-375 and miR-541 were elevated in T2D patients with CAD compared to those without CAD. This suggests that miR-375 could potentially be used as a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of CAD in T2D patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Sangali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Km 17 Khazarabad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Sara Abdullahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Km 17 Khazarabad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Mani Nosrati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Km 17 Khazarabad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Omeh Farveh Khosravi-Asrami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Km 17 Khazarabad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Mahrooz
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pollin G, Mathison AJ, de Assuncao TM, Thomas A, Zeighami L, Salmonson A, Liu H, Urrutia G, Vankayala P, Pandol SJ, Zimmermann MT, Iovanna J, Jin VX, Urrutia R, Lomberk G. EHMT2 Inactivation in Pancreatic Epithelial Cells Shapes the Transcriptional Landscape and Inflammation Response of the Whole Pancreas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.14.584700. [PMID: 38529489 PMCID: PMC10962735 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.14.584700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The Euchromatic Histone Methyl Transferase Protein 2 (EHMT2), also known as G9a, deposits transcriptionally repressive chromatin marks that play pivotal roles in the maturation and homeostasis of multiple organs. Recently, we have shown that EHMT2 inactivation alters growth and immune gene expression networks, antagonizing KRAS-mediated pancreatic cancer initiation and promotion. Here, we elucidate the essential role of EHMT2 in maintaining a transcriptional landscape that protects organs from inflammation. Comparative RNA-seq studies between normal postnatal and young adult pancreatic tissue from EHMT2 conditional knockout animals ( EHMT2 fl/fl ) targeted to the exocrine pancreatic epithelial cells ( Pdx1-Cre and P48 Cre/+ ), reveal alterations in gene expression networks in the whole organ related to injury-inflammation-repair, suggesting an increased predisposition to damage. Thus, we induced an inflammation repair response in the EHMT2 fl/fl pancreas and used a data science-based approach to integrate RNA-seq-derived pathways and networks, deconvolution digital cytology, and spatial transcriptomics. We also analyzed the tissue response to damage at the morphological, biochemical, and molecular pathology levels. The EHMT2 fl/fl pancreas displays an enhanced injury-inflammation-repair response, offering insights into fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in this process. More importantly, these data show that conditional EHMT2 inactivation in exocrine cells reprograms the local environment to recruit mesenchymal and immunological cells needed to mount an increased inflammatory response. Mechanistically, this response is an enhanced injury-inflammation-repair reaction with a small contribution of specific EHMT2-regulated transcripts. Thus, this new knowledge extends the mechanisms underlying the role of the EHMT2-mediated pathway in suppressing pancreatic cancer initiation and modulating inflammatory pancreatic diseases.
Collapse
|
6
|
Iftikhar A, Nausheen R, Khurshid M, Iqbal RK, Muzaffar H, Malik A, Ali Khan A, Batool F, Akhtar S, Yasin A, Anwar H. Pancreatic regenerative potential of manuka honey evidenced through pancreatic histology and levels of transcription factors in diabetic rat model. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20017. [PMID: 37809953 PMCID: PMC10559747 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a commonly occurring metabolic disorder accompanied by high morbidity and alarming mortality. Besides various available therapies, induction of pancreatic regeneration has emerged as a promising strategy for alleviating the damaging effect of diabetes. Honey, a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agent, has been reported in the literature archive to exhibit favourable results in the regeneration process of several organ systems. Design The current research work was intended to explore the potential role of manuka honey in pancreatic regeneration in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by accessing the pancreatic histology and levels of relevant transcription factors, including MAFA, PDX-1, INS-1, INS-2, NEUROG3, NKX6-1, and NEUROD. An equal number of rats were allocated to all four experimental groups: normal, negative control, positive control, and treatment group. Diabetes was induced in all groups except normal through a single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan monohydrate. No subsequent treatment was given to the negative control group, while the positive control and treatment groups were supplemented with metformin (150 mg/kg/day) and manuka honey (3 g/kg/day), respectively. Results Statistical comparison of glucose and insulin levels, oxidative stress indicators, changes in the architecture of pancreatic islets, and expression levels of regeneration-associated transcription factors advocated the potential role of manuka honey in ameliorating the alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress, and necrotic changes in islets along with significant upregulation of relevant transcription factors. Conclusion This suggests to us the auspicious role of antioxidants in honey in pancreatic regeneration and advocates the favourable role of manuka honey in combating diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Iftikhar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Nausheen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Khalid Iqbal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Muzaffar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farwah Batool
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Suhail Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO, USA
| | - Ayesha Yasin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao J, Gao R, Luo M, Li D, Guo L, Yu Z, Xiong F, Wei C, Wu B, Xu Z, Zhang D, Wang J, Wang L. Exosomal LINC00460/miR-503-5p/ANLN positive feedback loop aggravates pancreatic cancer progression through regulating T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and PD-1 checkpoint. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:390. [PMID: 36482354 PMCID: PMC9733079 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00460 is an onco-lncRNA in a variety of cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study is aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of LINC00460 in PC. METHODS The tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 73 PC patients. The expression of LINC00460, miR-503-5p, and ANLN was detected using qRT-PCR. We then analyzed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis/cell cycle of PC cells by performing the MTT/EdU, transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The xenograft tumor model were utilized to confirm the effect of LINC00460 knockdown on PC through anti-PD-1 therapy in vivo, and the sensitivity of PANC-1 cells to the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells in vitro. Western blotting was used to determine the protein levels. A co-culture model was utilized to explore the effects of exosomes on macrophages. RESULTS LINC00460 was up-regulated in PC tissues and cells. LINC00460 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, facilitated cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest, and inhibited the tumor growth through anti-PD-1 therapy. Both miR-503-5p down-regulation and ANLN up-regulation reversed the effects of LINC00460 knockdown on inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion, and on promoting the apoptosis, G0/G1 phase arrest, and the sensitivity of PC cells to the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells. Exosomes were uptaken by the ambient PC cells. PANC-1 cells-derived exosomal LINC00460-induced M2 macrophage polarization accelerates the cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS LINC00460 silencing attenuates the development of PC by regulating the miR-503-5p/ANLN axis and exosomal LINC00460-induced M2 macrophage polarization accelerates the migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells, thus LINC00460 may act as a possible therapeutic target for treating PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Ruoyu Gao
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Minghan Luo
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Defeng Li
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Liliangzi Guo
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Zichao Yu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Feng Xiong
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Cheng Wei
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Benhua Wu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Zhenglei Xu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Jianyao Wang
- grid.452787.b0000 0004 1806 5224Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, No. 7019, Yitian Road Road, Shenzhen City, 518026 Guangdong Province China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Angelescu MA, Andronic O, Dima SO, Popescu I, Meivar-Levy I, Ferber S, Lixandru D. miRNAs as Biomarkers in Diabetes: Moving towards Precision Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12843. [PMID: 36361633 PMCID: PMC9655971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease with many specifically related complications. Early diagnosis of this disease could prevent the progression to overt disease and its related complications. There are several limitations to using existing biomarkers, and between 24% and 62% of people with diabetes remain undiagnosed and untreated, suggesting a large gap in current diagnostic practices. Early detection of the percentage of insulin-producing cells preceding loss of function would allow for effective therapeutic interventions that could delay or slow down the onset of diabetes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could be used for early diagnosis, as well as for following the progression and the severity of the disease, due to the fact of their pancreatic specific expression and stability in various body fluids. Thus, many studies have focused on the identification and validation of such groups or "signatures of miRNAs" that may prove useful in diagnosing or treating patients. Here, we summarize the findings on miRNAs as biomarkers in diabetes and those associated with direct cellular reprogramming strategies, as well as the relevance of miRNAs that act as a bidirectional switch for cell therapy of damaged pancreatic tissue and the studies that have measured and tracked miRNAs as biomarkers in insulin resistance are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Octavian Andronic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Olimpia Dima
- Center of Excelence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irinel Popescu
- Center of Excelence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irit Meivar-Levy
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
- Orgenesis Ltd., Ness Ziona 7414002, Israel
| | - Sarah Ferber
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
- Orgenesis Ltd., Ness Ziona 7414002, Israel
- Department of Human Genetics, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Daniela Lixandru
- Center of Excelence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Soltani A, Jafarian A, Allameh A. The Predominant microRNAs in β-cell Clusters for Insulin Regulation and Diabetic Control. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:722-734. [PMID: 31886749 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666191230145848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
micro (mi)-RNAs are vital regulators of multiple processes including insulin signaling pathways and glucose metabolism. Pancreatic β-cells function is dependent on some miRNAs and their target mRNA, which together form a complex regulative network. Several miRNAs are known to be directly involved in β-cells functions such as insulin expression and secretion. These small RNAs may also play significant roles in the fate of β-cells such as proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis. Among the miRNAs, miR-7, miR-9, miR-375, miR-130 and miR-124 are of particular interest due to being highly expressed in these cells. Under diabetic conditions, although no specific miRNA profile has been noticed, the expression of some miRNAs and their target mRNAs are altered by posttranscriptional mechanisms, exerting diverse signs in the pathobiology of various diabetic complications. The aim of this review article is to discuss miRNAs involved in the process of stem cells differentiation into β-cells, resulting in enhanced β-cell functions with respect to diabetic disorders. This paper will also look into the impact of miRNA expression patterns on in vitro proliferation and differentiation of β-cells. The efficacy of the computational genomics and biochemical analysis to link the changes in miRNA expression profiles of stem cell-derived β-cells to therapeutically relevant outputs will be discussed as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adele Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arefeh Jafarian
- Immunology, Asthma, and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolamir Allameh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bantounas I, Lopes FM, Rooney KM, Woolf AS, Kimber SJ. The miR-199a/214 Cluster Controls Nephrogenesis and Vascularization in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell Model. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:134-148. [PMID: 33306987 PMCID: PMC7897558 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene expression regulators and they have been implicated in acquired kidney diseases and in renal development, mostly through animal studies. We hypothesized that the miR-199a/214 cluster regulates human kidney development. We detected its expression in human embryonic kidneys by in situ hybridization. To mechanistically study the cluster, we used 2D and 3D human embryonic stem cell (hESC) models of kidney development. After confirming expression in each model, we inhibited the miRNAs using lentivirally transduced miRNA sponges. This reduced the WT1+ metanephric mesenchyme domain in 2D cultures. Sponges did not prevent the formation of 3D kidney-like organoids. These organoids, however, contained dysmorphic glomeruli, downregulated WT1, aberrant proximal tubules, and increased interstitial capillaries. Thus, the miR-199a/214 cluster fine-tunes differentiation of both metanephric mesenchymal-derived nephrons and kidney endothelia. While clinical implications require further study, it is noted that patients with heterozygous deletions encompassing this miRNA locus can have malformed kidneys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Bantounas
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Filipa M Lopes
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Kirsty M Rooney
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adrian S Woolf
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan J Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Promoting Pro-Endocrine Differentiation and Graft Maturation Following Surgical Resection of the Mouse Pancreas. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2224:87-98. [PMID: 33606208 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1008-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, where insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas are inappropriately recognized and destroyed by immune cells. Islet transplantation is the most successful cell-based therapy for T1D individuals who experience frequent and severe life-threatening hypoglycemia. However, this therapy is extremely restricted owing to the limited availability of donor pancreas. In recent years, significant progress has been made in generating β-cells from stem/progenitor cells using different approaches of in vitro differentiation. The insulin production from such in vitro generated β-cells is still far less than that observed in islet β-cells. We employed a novel strategy to improve the efficiency of progenitor cell differentiation by performing partial mouse pancreas resection after transplanting in vitro generated insulin-producing cells under the kidney capsule of these mice. Pancreas resection (pancreatectomy) has been shown to induce regenerative pathways, leading to regeneration of almost the entire resected pancreas over 3-5 weeks in mice. We found that in our method, regenerating mouse pancreas promotes better graft differentiation/maturation and insulin production from transplanted cells. In this chapter, we detail the protocols used for transplantation of in vitro differentiated cells in immunocompromised mice, partial pancreatectomy in host (NOD scid) mice, and assessment of graft function. We believe that our protocols provide a solid platform for further studies aimed at understanding growth/differentiation molecules secreted from regenerating pancreas that promote graft maturation.
Collapse
|
12
|
La Sala L, Crestani M, Garavelli S, de Candia P, Pontiroli AE. Does microRNA Perturbation Control the Mechanisms Linking Obesity and Diabetes? Implications for Cardiovascular Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010143. [PMID: 33375647 PMCID: PMC7795227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are considered the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although the pathological mechanisms underlying the mutual development of obesity and T2D are difficult to define, a better understanding of the molecular aspects is of utmost importance to identify novel therapeutic targets. Recently, a class of non-coding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs), are emerging as key modulators of metabolic abnormalities. There is increasing evidence supporting the role of intra- and extracellular miRNAs as determinants of the crosstalk between adipose tissues, liver, skeletal muscle and other organs, triggering the paracrine communication among different tissues. miRNAs may be considered as risk factors for CVD due to their correlation with cardiovascular events, and in particular, may be related to the most prominent risk factors. In this review, we describe the associations observed between miRNAs expression levels and the most common cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, we sought to depict the molecular aspect of the interplay between obesity and diabetes, investigating the role of microRNAs in the interorgan crosstalk. Finally, we discussed the fascinating hypothesis of the loss of protective factors, such as antioxidant defense systems regulated by such miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia La Sala
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Disease, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maurizio Crestani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Silvia Garavelli
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Paola de Candia
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Disease, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonio E. Pontiroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112403. [PMID: 33153010 PMCID: PMC7692667 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune cells destroy their insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells leading to dysregulated glycaemia. Individuals with T1D control their blood glucose through exogenous insulin replacement therapy, often using multiple daily injections or pumps. However, failure to accurately mimic intrinsic glucose regulation results in glucose fluctuations and long-term complications impacting key organs such as the heart, kidneys, and/or the eyes. It is well established that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the initiation and progression of T1D, but recent studies show that epigenetic modifications are also important. Here, we discuss key epigenetic modifications associated with T1D pathogenesis and discuss how recent research is finding ways to harness epigenetic mechanisms to prevent, reverse, or manage T1D.
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu WP, Liu JP, Feng JF, Zhu CP, Yang Y, Zhou WP, Ding J, Huang CK, Cui YL, Ding CH, Zhang X, Lu B, Xie WF. miR-541 potentiates the response of human hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib treatment by inhibiting autophagy. Gut 2020; 69:1309-1321. [PMID: 31727683 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autophagy participates in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the resistance of HCC cells to sorafenib. We investigated the feasibility of sensitising HCC cells to sorafenib by modulating miR-541-initiated microRNA-autophagy axis. DESIGN Gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed to evaluate the effects of miR-541 on the malignant properties and autophagy of human HCC cells. Autophagy was quantified by western blotting of LC3, transmission electron microscopy analyses and confocal microscopy scanning of mRFP-GFP-LC3 reporter construct. Luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm the targets of miR-541. HCC xenograft tumours were established to analyse the role of miR-541 in sorafenib-induced lethality. RESULTS The expression of miR-541 was downregulated in human HCC tissues and was associated with malignant clinicopathologic phenotypes, recurrence and survival of patients with HCC. miR-541 inhibited the growth, metastasis and autophagy of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Prediction software and luciferase reporter assays identified autophagy-related gene 2A (ATG2A) and Ras-related protein Rab-1B (RAB1B) as the direct targets of miR-541. Consistent with the effects of the miR-541 mimic, inhibition of ATG2A or RAB1B suppressed the malignant phenotypes and autophagy of HCC cells. Furthermore, siATG2A and siRAB1B partially reversed the enhancement of the malignant properties and autophagy in HCC cells mediated by the miR-541 inhibitor. More interestingly, higher miR-541 expression predicted a better response to sorafenib treatment, and the combination of miR-541 and sorafenib further suppressed the growth of HCC cells in vivo compared with the single treatment. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulation of miR-541-ATG2A/RAB1B axis plays a critical role in patients' responses to sorafenib treatment. Manipulation of this axis might benefit survival of patients with HCC, especially in the context of the highly pursued strategies to eliminate drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Pei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Feng Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Peng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Ding
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction of Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Kai Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ya-Lu Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Hong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Fen Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Avgeris M, Kokkinopoulou I, Maratou E, Mitrou P, Boutati E, Scorilas A, Fragoulis EG, Christodoulou MI. Blood-based analysis of 84 microRNAs identifies molecules deregulated in individuals with type-2 diabetes, risk factors for the disease or metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 164:108187. [PMID: 32360711 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in insulin-signaling and the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D). Their deregulated expression is mostly described in the pancreas, liver, skeletal muscle, or adipose tissue of diabetic animals. Relevant studies in humans are limited due to difficulties in accessing tissue-biopsies. Though, circulating miRNAs are indicators of organ-specific pathophysiological events and could potentially serve as disease biomarkers. We explored the profile of 84 T2D-related miRNAs in peripheral blood of subjects with or without the disease. METHODS An RT-qPCR array screening 84 T2D-related miRNAs was applied in samples of T2D (n = 6) versus non-T2D (n = 6) subjects. The deregulated miRNAs were thereafter analyzed in peripheral blood samples of a validation cohort of 40 T2D and 37 non-T2D individuals [16 controls and 21 subjects with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) and/or T2D risk factors (T2D-RF)], using specific RT-qPCR assays. Correlations with clinicopathological parameters and risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS Subjects with the disease displayed decreased levels of miR-214-3p, miR-24-3p and let-7f-5p, compared to those without. MiRNA levels correlated with serum insulin and HbA1c levels in individuals with T2D or Met-S/T2D-RF, and with higher BMI, dyslipidemia and family history in controls. CONCLUSIONS Blood levels of miR-214-3p, miR-24-3p and let-7f-5p are down-regulated in T2D- and Met-S/T2D-RF subjects. Future studies are needed to evaluate their potential as disease biomarkers and elucidate the associated tissue-specific pathogenetic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Kokkinopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Maratou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eleni Boutati
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel G Fragoulis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Ioanna Christodoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rosado JA, Diez-Bello R, Salido GM, Jardin I. Fine-tuning of microRNAs in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4102-4118. [PMID: 29210640 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666171205163944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease widely spread across industrialized countries. Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy alimentary habits lead to obesity, boosting both glucose and fatty acid in the bloodstream and eventually, insulin resistance, pancreas inflammation and faulty insulin production or secretion, all of them very well-defined hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus. miRNAs are small sequences of non-coding RNA that may regulate several processes within the cells, fine-tuning protein expression, with an unexpected and subtle precision and in time-frames ranging from minutes to days. Since the discovery of miRNA and their possible implication in pathologies, several groups aimed to find a relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and miRNAs. Here we discuss the pattern of expression of different miRNAs in cultured cells, animal models and diabetic patients. We summarize the role of the most important miRNAs involved in pancreas growth and development, insulin secretion and liver, skeletal muscle or adipocyte insulin resistance in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Rosado
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Diez-Bello
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Ginés M Salido
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Comparison of Cardiac miRNA Transcriptomes Induced by Diabetes and Rapamycin Treatment and Identification of a Rapamycin-Associated Cardiac MicroRNA Signature. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8364608. [PMID: 30647817 PMCID: PMC6311877 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8364608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapamycin (Rap), an inhibitor of mTORC1, reduces obesity and improves lifespan in mice. However, hyperglycemia and lipid disorders are adverse side effects in patients receiving Rap treatment. We previously reported that diabetes induces pansuppression of cardiac cytokines in Zucker obese rats (ZO-C). Rap treatment (750 μg/kg/day for 12 weeks) reduced their obesity and cardiac fibrosis significantly; however, it increased their hyperglycemia and did not improve their cardiac diastolic parameters. Moreover, Rap treatment of healthy Zucker lean rats (ZL-C) induced cardiac fibrosis. Rap-induced changes in ZL-C's cardiac cytokine profile shared similarities with that of diabetes-induced ZO-C. Therefore, we hypothesized that the cardiac microRNA transcriptome induced by diabetes and Rap treatment could share similarities. Here, we compared the cardiac miRNA transcriptome of ZL-C to ZO-C, Rap-treated ZL (ZL-Rap), and ZO (ZO-Rap). We report that 80% of diabetes-induced miRNA transcriptome (40 differentially expressed miRNAs by minimum 1.5-fold in ZO-C versus ZL-C; p ≤ 0.05) is similar to 47% of Rap-induced miRNA transcriptome in ZL (68 differentially expressed miRNAs by minimum 1.5-fold in ZL-Rap versus ZL-C; p ≤ 0.05). This remarkable similarity between diabetes-induced and Rap-induced cardiac microRNA transcriptome underscores the role of miRNAs in Rap-induced insulin resistance. We also show that Rap treatment altered the expression of the same 17 miRNAs in ZL and ZO hearts indicating that these 17 miRNAs comprise a unique Rap-induced cardiac miRNA signature. Interestingly, only four miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between ZO-C and ZO-Rap, indicating that, unlike the nondiabetic heart, Rap did not substantially change the miRNA transcriptome in the diabetic heart. In silico analyses showed that (a) mRNA-miRNA interactions exist between differentially expressed cardiac cytokines and miRNAs, (b) human orthologs of rat miRNAs that are strongly correlated with cardiac fibrosis may modulate profibrotic TGF-β signaling, and (c) changes in miRNA transcriptome caused by diabetes or Rap treatment include cardioprotective miRNAs indicating a concurrent activation of an adaptive mechanism to protect the heart in conditions that exacerbate diabetes.
Collapse
|
18
|
Wong WKM, Sørensen AE, Joglekar MV, Hardikar AA, Dalgaard LT. Non-Coding RNA in Pancreas and β-Cell Development. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:E41. [PMID: 30551650 PMCID: PMC6315983 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of different classes of non-coding RNAs for islet and β-cell development, maturation and function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a prominent class of small RNAs, have been investigated for more than two decades and patterns of the roles of different miRNAs in pancreatic fetal development, islet and β-cell maturation and function are now emerging. Specific miRNAs are dynamically regulated throughout the period of pancreas development, during islet and β-cell differentiation as well as in the perinatal period, where a burst of β-cell replication takes place. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in islet and β-cells is less investigated than for miRNAs, but knowledge is increasing rapidly. The advent of ultra-deep RNA sequencing has enabled the identification of highly islet- or β-cell-selective lncRNA transcripts expressed at low levels. Their roles in islet cells are currently only characterized for a few of these lncRNAs, and these are often associated with β-cell super-enhancers and regulate neighboring gene activity. Moreover, ncRNAs present in imprinted regions are involved in pancreas development and β-cell function. Altogether, these observations support significant and important actions of ncRNAs in β-cell development and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson K M Wong
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Anja E Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Anand A Hardikar
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Center, University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Louise T Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Williams MD, Joglekar MV, Satoor SN, Wong W, Keramidaris E, Rixon A, O'Connell P, Hawthorne WJ, Mitchell GM, Hardikar AA. Epigenetic and Transcriptome Profiling Identifies a Population of Visceral Adipose-Derived Progenitor Cells with the Potential to Differentiate into an Endocrine Pancreatic Lineage. Cell Transplant 2018; 28:89-104. [PMID: 30376726 PMCID: PMC6322142 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718808472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the loss of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. T1D can be treated using cadaveric islet transplantation, but this therapy is severely limited by a lack of pancreas donors. To develop an alternative cell source for transplantation therapy, we carried out the epigenetic characterization in nine different adult mouse tissues and identified visceral adipose-derived progenitors as a candidate cell population. Chromatin conformation, assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing and validated by ChIP-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at key endocrine pancreatic gene promoters, revealed similarities between visceral fat and endocrine pancreas. Multiple techniques involving quantitative PCR, in-situ PCR, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry confirmed the presence of measurable (2-1000-fold over detectable limits) pancreatic gene transcripts and mesenchymal progenitor cell markers (CD73, CD90 and CD105; >98%) in visceral adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal cells (AMCs). The differentiation potential of AMCs was explored in transgenic reporter mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the regulation of the Pdx1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1) gene promoter. GFP expression was measured as an index of Pdx1 promoter activity to optimize culture conditions for endocrine pancreatic differentiation. Differentiated AMCs demonstrated their capacity to induce pancreatic endocrine genes as evidenced by increased GFP expression and validated using TaqMan real-time PCR (at least 2-200-fold relative to undifferentiated AMCs). Human AMCs differentiated using optimized protocols continued to produce insulin following transplantation in NOD/SCID mice. Our studies provide a systematic analysis of potential islet progenitor populations using genome-wide profiling studies and characterize visceral adipose-derived cells for replacement therapy in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Williams
- 1 NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,2 Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,3 O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- 1 NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarang N Satoor
- 1 NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wilson Wong
- 1 NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Effie Keramidaris
- 3 O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda Rixon
- 3 O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,4 Experimental Medical and Surgical Unit (EMSU), St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip O'Connell
- 5 The Center for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wayne J Hawthorne
- 5 The Center for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geraldine M Mitchell
- 2 Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,3 O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,6 Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- 1 NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vieira A, Vergoni B, Courtney M, Druelle N, Gjernes E, Hadzic B, Avolio F, Napolitano T, Navarro Sanz S, Mansouri A, Collombat P. Neurog3 misexpression unravels mouse pancreatic ductal cell plasticity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201536. [PMID: 30092080 PMCID: PMC6084906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of type 1 diabetes research and the development of insulin-producing β-cell replacement strategies, whether pancreatic ductal cells retain their developmental capability to adopt an endocrine cell identity remains debated, most likely due to the diversity of models employed to induce pancreatic regeneration. In this work, rather than injuring the pancreas, we developed a mouse model allowing the inducible misexpression of the proendocrine gene Neurog3 in ductal cells in vivo. These animals developed a progressive islet hypertrophy attributed to a proportional increase in all endocrine cell populations. Lineage tracing experiments indicated a continuous neo-generation of endocrine cells exhibiting a ductal ontogeny. Interestingly, the resulting supplementary β-like cells were found to be functional. Based on these findings, we suggest that ductal cells could represent a renewable source of new β-like cells and that strategies aiming at controlling the expression of Neurog3, or of its molecular targets/co-factors, may pave new avenues for the improved treatments of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andhira Vieira
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Bastien Vergoni
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Monica Courtney
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Noémie Druelle
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | | | - Biljana Hadzic
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Fabio Avolio
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Ahmed Mansouri
- Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Am Fassberg, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Collombat
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sun Y, Kuek V, Liu Y, Tickner J, Yuan Y, Chen L, Zeng Z, Shao M, He W, Xu J. MiR-214 is an important regulator of the musculoskeletal metabolism and disease. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:231-245. [PMID: 30076721 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MiR-214 belongs to a family of microRNA (small, highly conserved noncoding RNA molecules) precursors that play a pivotal role in biological functions, such as cellular function, tissue development, tissue homeostasis, and pathogenesis of diseases. Recently, miR-214 emerged as a critical regulator of musculoskeletal metabolism. Specifically, miR-214 can mediate skeletal muscle myogenesis and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. MiR-214 also modulates osteoblast function by targeting specific molecular pathways and the expression of various osteoblast-related genes; promotes osteoclast activity by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten); and mediates osteoclast-osteoblast intercellular crosstalk via an exosomal miRNA paracrine mechanism. Importantly, dysregulation in miR-214 expression is associated with pathological bone conditions such as osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, multiple myeloma, and osteolytic bone metastasis of breast cancer. This review discusses the cellular targets of miR-214 in bone, the molecular mechanisms governing the activities of miR-214 in the musculoskeletal system, and the putative role of miR-214 in skeletal diseases. Understanding the biology of miR-214 could potentially lead to the development of miR-214 as a possible biomarker and a therapeutic target for musculoskeletal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Sun
- The Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Vincent Kuek
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yuhao Liu
- The Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Leilei Chen
- The Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhikui Zeng
- The Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Shao
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei He
- The Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Marzinotto I, Pellegrini S, Brigatti C, Nano R, Melzi R, Mercalli A, Liberati D, Sordi V, Ferrari M, Falconi M, Doglioni C, Ravassard P, Piemonti L, Lampasona V. miR-204 is associated with an endocrine phenotype in human pancreatic islets but does not regulate the insulin mRNA through MAFA. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14051. [PMID: 29070792 PMCID: PMC5656581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-204 has been proposed to modulate insulin expression in human pancreatic islets by regulating the expression of the MAFA transcript, and in turn insulin transcription. We investigated miR-204 expression in pancreatic endocrine tumors (PET), a panel of human tissues, tissues derived from pancreatic islet purification, and in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated towards a pancreatic endocrine phenotype by quantitative real time RT-PCR or droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). In addition, we evaluated the effect of miR-204 up- or down-regulation in purified human islets and in the EndoC-βH1 cell line, as an experimental model of human pancreatic β cells. Our results confirm that miR-204 was enriched in insulin producing PET, in β cells within healthy pancreatic islets, and highly expressed in EndoC-βH1 cells. Moreover, in iPSCs miR-204 increased stepwise upon stimulated differentiation to insulin producing cells. However, up- or down-regulation of miR-204 in human islets and in EndoC-βH1 cells resulted in modest and not significant changes of the MAFA and INS mRNAs measured by ddPCR or c-peptide release. Our data confirm the association of miR-204 with a β cell endocrine phenotype in human pancreatic islets, but do not support its direct role in regulating the levels of insulin mRNA through MAFA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Human Pathologies Genomic Diagnostics unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pellegrini
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Brigatti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Nano
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Melzi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mercalli
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Liberati
- Human Pathologies Genomic Diagnostics unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ferrari
- Human Pathologies Genomic Diagnostics unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Falconi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Division of Pancreatic Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Pathology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Philippe Ravassard
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Biotechnology & Biotherapy Team, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Human Pathologies Genomic Diagnostics unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Umrani MR, Joglekar MV, Somerville Glover E, Wong W, Hardikar AA. Connexins and microRNAs: Interlinked players in regulating islet function? Islets 2017; 9:99-108. [PMID: 28686518 PMCID: PMC5624287 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2017.1331192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells are connected to neighboring endocrine cells through the adherin proteins and gap junctions. Connexin 36 (Cx36) is one of the most well-studied and abundantly expressed gap-junction proteins within rodent islets, which is important in coordinated insulin secretion. The expression of connexins is regulated at various levels and by several mechanisms; one of which is via microRNAs. In past 2 decades, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key molecules in developmental, physiologic and pathological processes. However, very few studies have demonstrated miRNA-mediated regulation of connexins. Even though there are no reports yet on miRNAs and Cx36; we envisage that considering the important role of connexins and microRNAs in insulin secretion, there would be common pathways interlinking these biomolecules. Here, we discuss the current literature on connexins and miRNAs specifically with reference to islet function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malati R. Umrani
- National centre for cell science, Ganeshkhind, Pune University Campus, Pune, India
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mugdha V. Joglekar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ella Somerville Glover
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wilson Wong
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anandwardhan A. Hardikar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Masotti A, Baldassarre A, Fabrizi M, Olivero G, Loreti MC, Giammaria P, Veronelli P, Graziani MP, Manco M. Oral glucose tolerance test unravels circulating miRNAs associated with insulin resistance in obese preschoolers. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:229-238. [PMID: 27059430 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may act as biomarkers of metabolic disturbances. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify serum miRNAs signature of early insulin resistance in obese preschoolers. METHODS Twelve obese children, aged 2-6 years, six insulin resistant (IR) and six controls were selected being age-matched, sex-matched and body mass index-matched. Profiling of 179 circulating miRNAs, known to be widely expressed in the bloodstream, was investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction at fasting and 120 min following a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS Twenty-one miRNAs were differentially regulated in IR obese preschoolers. miR-200c-3p, miR-190a and miR-95 were differently regulated both at fasting and 120 min after the OGTT. In controls, the fold changes of some miRNAs were correlated with Δglucose0-120 (miR-660, miR-26b-5p and miR-22-3p: p = 0.005 for all) and Δinsulin0-120 (miR-660 and miR-22-3p: p = 0.02 for both and miR-423-5p: p = 0.042). In IR patients, miR-1 fold changes were correlated with Δglucose0-120( r = -0.786; p = 0.036) and Δinsulin0-120( r = -0.821; p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies circulating miR-200c-3p, miR-190a and miR-95 as biomarkers of insulin resistance in obese preschoolers, being differentially regulated in IR patients both in fasting condition and after the OGTT. Expression of some circulating miRNAs seems reflecting glucose and insulin excursion following the OGTT differently in controls and IR obese preschoolers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Masotti
- Gene expression - Microarrays Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Baldassarre
- Gene expression - Microarrays Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fabrizi
- Research Unit for Multifactorial Disease, Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - G Olivero
- Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri, FIMP, Rome, Italy
| | - M C Loreti
- Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri, FIMP, Rome, Italy
| | - P Giammaria
- Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri, FIMP, Rome, Italy
| | - P Veronelli
- Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri, FIMP, Rome, Italy
| | - M P Graziani
- Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri, FIMP, Rome, Italy
| | - M Manco
- Research Unit for Multifactorial Disease, Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li KC, Chang YH, Yeh CL, Hu YC. Healing of osteoporotic bone defects by baculovirus-engineered bone marrow-derived MSCs expressing MicroRNA sponges. Biomaterials 2016; 74:155-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
26
|
Goda N, Murase H, Kasezawa N, Goda T, Yamakawa-Kobayashi K. Polymorphism in microRNA-binding site in HNF1B influences the susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population based case-control study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:75. [PMID: 26329304 PMCID: PMC4557749 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the functional roles for most of the SNPs have not been elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression involved in the development and progression of various diseases including T2DM. In this study, we investigated whether commonly occurring SNPs modulate miRNA-directed regulation of gene expression, and whether such SNPs in miRNA-binding sites are associated with the susceptibility for T2DM. Methods Genotypes of eleven 3′ untranslated region (UTR) SNPs of seven susceptibility genes for T2DM were determined in 353 T2DM patients and 448 control subjects. In addition, the interactions of miRNAs with the 3′UTR in the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1B) gene were investigated using luciferase reporter assays. Results One 3′UTR SNP (rs2229295) in the HNF1B gene was significantly associated with T2DM, and the frequency of an A allele (rs2229295) in T2DM patients was decreased compared with that in controls. Luciferase reporter assays showed that the SNP (rs2229295) altered the binding of two miRNAs (hsa-miR-214-5p and hsa-miR-550a-5p). Conclusions We have detected the interactions of hsa-miR-214-5p/hsa-miR-550a-5p and the 3′UTR SNP of the HNF1B gene by in vitro luciferase reporter assays, and propose that the binding of such miRNAs regulates the expression of the HNF1B gene and the susceptibility of T2DM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-015-0219-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Goda
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Haruna Murase
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Kasezawa
- Department of Data Managements for Health Evaluation & Promotion, Shizuoka Medical Center, Shizuoka, 422-8033, Japan. .,Present address: Fuji iki-iki Hospital, Health Promotion Center, Temma, Fuji-shi, Shizuoka, 419-0205, Japan.
| | - Toshinao Goda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Kimiko Yamakawa-Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Postnatal β-cell maturation is associated with islet-specific microRNA changes induced by nutrient shifts at weaning. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8084. [PMID: 26330140 PMCID: PMC4569696 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-induced insulin secretion is an essential function of pancreatic β-cells that is partially lost in individuals affected by Type 2 diabetes. This unique property of β-cells is acquired through a poorly understood postnatal maturation process involving major modifications in gene expression programs. Here we show that β-cell maturation is associated with changes in microRNA expression induced by the nutritional transition that occurs at weaning. When mimicked in newborn islet cells, modifications in the level of specific microRNAs result in a switch in the expression of metabolic enzymes and cause the acquisition of glucose-induced insulin release. Our data suggest microRNAs have a central role in postnatal β-cell maturation and in the determination of adult functional β-cell mass. A better understanding of the events governing β-cell maturation may help understand why some individuals are predisposed to developing diabetes and could lead to new strategies for the treatment of this common metabolic disease. Pancreatic β-cells are less responsive to changes in glucose concentration in newborn than in adult rats. Here, the authors show that functional β-cell maturation is associated with changes in miRNA expression induced by nutritional shifts at the suckling-to-weaning transition.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding ribonucleotides that regulate mRNA translation or degradation and have major roles in cellular function. MicroRNA (miRNA) levels are deregulated or altered in many diseases. There is overwhelming evidence that miRNAs also play an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and thereby may contribute to the establishment of diabetes. MiRNAs have been shown to affect insulin levels by regulating insulin production, insulin exocytosis, and endocrine pancreas development. Although a large number of miRNAs have been identified from pancreatic β-cells using various screens, functional studies that link most of the identified miRNAs to regulation of pancreatic β-cell function are lacking. This review focuses on miRNAs with important roles in regulation of insulin production, insulin secretion, and β-cell development, and will discuss only miRNAs with established roles in β-cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabire Ozcan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abuhatzira L, Xu H, Tahhan G, Boulougoura A, Schäffer AA, Notkins AL. Multiple microRNAs within the 14q32 cluster target the mRNAs of major type 1 diabetes autoantigens IA-2, IA-2β, and GAD65. FASEB J 2015; 29:4374-83. [PMID: 26148972 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-273649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Islet antigen (IA)-2, IA-2β, and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) are major autoantigens in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Autoantibodies to these autoantigens appear years before disease onset and are widely used as predictive markers. Little is known, however, about what regulates the expression of these autoantigens. The present experiments were initiated to test the hypothesis that microRNAs (miRNAs) can target and affect the levels of these autoantigens. Bioinformatics was used to identify miRNAs predicted to target the mRNAs coding IA-2, IA-2β, and GAD65. RNA interference for the miRNA processing enzyme Dicer1 and individual miRNA mimics and inhibitors were used to confirm the effect in mouse islets and MIN6 cells. We show that the imprinted 14q32 miRNA cluster contains 56 miRNAs, 32 of which are predicted to target the mRNAs of T1D autoantigens and 12 of which are glucose-sensitive. Using miRNA mimics and inhibitors, we confirmed that at least 7 of these miRNAs modulate the mRNA levels of the T1D autoantigens. Dicer1 knockdown significantly reduced the mRNA levels of all 3 autoantigens, further confirming the importance of miRNAs in this regulation. We conclude that miRNAs are involved in regulating the expression of the major T1D autoantigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liron Abuhatzira
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Huanyu Xu
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Georges Tahhan
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Afroditi Boulougoura
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alejandro A Schäffer
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Abner L Notkins
- *Experimental Medicine Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Farr RJ, Januszewski AS, Joglekar MV, Liang H, McAulley AK, Hewitt AW, Thomas HE, Loudovaris T, Kay TWH, Jenkins A, Hardikar AA. A comparative analysis of high-throughput platforms for validation of a circulating microRNA signature in diabetic retinopathy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10375. [PMID: 26035063 PMCID: PMC4649912 DOI: 10.1038/srep10375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are now increasingly recognized as biomarkers of disease progression. Several quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) platforms have been developed to determine the relative levels of microRNAs in biological fluids. We systematically compared the detection of cellular and circulating microRNA using a standard 96-well platform, a high-content microfluidics platform and two ultra-high content platforms. We used extensive analytical tools to compute inter- and intra-run variability and concordance measured using fidelity scoring, coefficient of variation and cluster analysis. We carried out unprejudiced next generation sequencing to identify a microRNA signature for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and systematically assessed the validation of this signature on clinical samples using each of the above four qPCR platforms. The results indicate that sensitivity to measure low copy number microRNAs is inversely related to qPCR reaction volume and that the choice of platform for microRNA biomarker validation should be made based on the abundance of miRNAs of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Farr
- Diabetes and Islet biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Andrzej S Januszewski
- Biomarkers Laboratory, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- Diabetes and Islet biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Helena Liang
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Center for Eye Research Australia (CERA), The University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Peter Howson Wing, Level 1, 32 Gisborne Street, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Annie K McAulley
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Center for Eye Research Australia (CERA), The University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Peter Howson Wing, Level 1, 32 Gisborne Street, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Center for Eye Research Australia (CERA), The University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Peter Howson Wing, Level 1, 32 Gisborne Street, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Helen E Thomas
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Tom Loudovaris
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Thomas W H Kay
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Alicia Jenkins
- Biomarkers Laboratory, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- Diabetes and Islet biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Choi DH, Park SJ, Kim HK. miR-215 overexpression distinguishes ampullary carcinomas from pancreatic carcinomas. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2015; 14:325-9. [PMID: 26063036 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(15)60368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Distinguishing ampullary carcinoma from pancreatic carcinoma is important because of their different prognoses. microRNAs are differentially expressed according to the tissue of origin. However, there is rare research on the differential diagnosis between the two types of cancers by microRNA in periampullary cancers. The present study was undertaken to compare microRNA profiles between ampullary and pancreatic carcinomas using microarrays. miR-215 was most significantly overexpressed in ampullary carcinomas; whereas the expressions of miR-134 and miR-214 were significantly lower in ampullary carcinomas than in pancreatic carcinomas. When these discriminatory microRNAs were applied to liver metastases, they were correctly predicted for the tissue of origin. Although this study is limited by small sample size, striking difference in microRNA expression and concordant expression of discriminating microRNAs in primary tumors and metastases suggest that these novel discriminatory microRNAs warrant future validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ho Choi
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 410-769, Korea.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ahmed MI, Alam M, Emelianov VU, Poterlowicz K, Patel A, Sharov AA, Mardaryev AN, Botchkareva NV. MicroRNA-214 controls skin and hair follicle development by modulating the activity of the Wnt pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 207:549-67. [PMID: 25422376 PMCID: PMC4242830 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201404001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
miRNA-214 regulates hair follicle development and cycling by targeting β-catenin and thereby modulating Wnt pathway transduction. Skin development is governed by complex programs of gene activation and silencing, including microRNA-dependent modulation of gene expression. Here, we show that miR-214 regulates skin morphogenesis and hair follicle (HF) cycling by targeting β-catenin, a key component of the Wnt signaling pathway. miR-214 exhibits differential expression patterns in the skin epithelium, and its inducible overexpression in keratinocytes inhibited proliferation, which resulted in formation of fewer HFs with decreased hair bulb size and thinner hair production. The inhibitory effects of miR-214 on HF development and cycling were associated with altered activities of multiple signaling pathways, including decreased expression of key Wnt signaling mediators β-catenin and Lef-1, and were rescued by treatment with pharmacological Wnt activators. Finally, we identify β-catenin as one of the conserved miR-214 targets in keratinocytes. These data provide an important foundation for further analyses of miR-214 as a key regulator of Wnt pathway activity and stem cell functions during normal tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I Ahmed
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, England, UK
| | - Majid Alam
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, England, UK
| | | | - Krzysztof Poterlowicz
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, England, UK
| | - Ankit Patel
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, England, UK
| | - Andrey A Sharov
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Andrei N Mardaryev
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, England, UK
| | - Natalia V Botchkareva
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, England, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Farr RJ, Joglekar MV, Hardikar AA. Circulating microRNAs in Diabetes Progression: Discovery, Validation, and Research Translation. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2015; 106:215-244. [PMID: 26608206 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0955-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, in all of its forms, is a disease state that demonstrates wide ranging pathological effects throughout the body. Until now, the only method of diagnosing and monitoring the progression of diabetes was through the measurement of blood glucose. Unfortunately, beta cell dysfunction initiates well before the clinical onset of diabetes, and so the development of an effective biomarker signature is of paramount importance to predict and monitor the progression of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are small (18-22 nucleotide) noncoding (nc)RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate endogenous gene expression by targeted inhibition or degradation of messenger (m)RNA. Recently, miRNAs have shown great promise as biomarkers as some exhibit differential expression in multiple disease states, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D/T2D). Furthermore, miRNAs are quite stable in circulation, resistant to freeze-thaw and pH-mediated degradation, and are relatively easy to detect using quantitative (q)PCR. Here, we discuss microRNAs that may form a diabetes biomarker signature. To identify these transcripts we outline miRNAs that play a central role in pancreas development and diabetes, as well as previously identified miRNAs with differential expression in individuals with T1D and T2D. Validation and refinement of a miRNA biomarker signature for diabetes would allow identification and intervention of individuals at risk of this disease, as well as stratification and monitoring of patients with established diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Farr
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
The β-cells within the pancreas are responsible for production and secretion of insulin. Insulin is released from pancreatic β-cells in response to increasing blood glucose levels and acts on insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle and liver in order to maintain normal glucose homeostasis. Therefore, defects in pancreatic β-cell function lead to hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus. A new class of molecules called microRNAs has been recently demonstrated to play a crucial role in regulation of pancreatic β-cell function under normal and pathophysiological conditions. miRNAs have been shown to regulate endocrine pancreas development, insulin biosynthesis, insulin exocytosis, and β-cell expansion. Many of the β-cell enriched miRNAs have multiple functions and regulate pancreas development as well as insulin biosynthesis and exocytosis. Furthermore, several of the β-cell specific miRNAs have been shown to accumulate in the circulation before the onset of diabetes and may serve as potential biomarkers for prediabetes. This chapter will focus on miRNAs that are enriched in pancreatic β-cells and play a critical role in modulation of β-cell physiology and may have clinical significance in the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
|
35
|
Penna E, Orso F, Taverna D. miR-214 as a key hub that controls cancer networks: small player, multiple functions. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 135:960-969. [PMID: 25501033 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short regulatory RNAs that are able to post-transcriptionally modulate gene expression and that have crucial roles in the control of physiological and pathological processes including cancer onset, growth, and progression. miR-214, located inside the sequence of the long noncoding Dmn3os transcript, contributes to the regulation of normal and cancer cell biology, even if it operates in a context-dependent and sometimes contradictory manner. miR-214 is deregulated in several human tumors including melanoma, breast, ovarian, gastric, and hepatocellular carcinomas. miR-214's pleiotropic and tumor-specific contribution to various cancer formation and progression hallmarks is achieved via its several target genes. In fact, miR-214 behaves as a key hub by coordinating fundamental signaling networks such as PTEN/AKT, β-catenin, and tyrosine kinase receptor pathways. Interestingly, miR-214 also regulates the levels of crucial gene expression modulators: the epigenetic repressor Ezh2, "genome guardian" p53, transcription factors TFAP2, and another microRNA, miR-148b. Thus, miR-214 seems to have essential roles in coordinating tumor proliferation, stemness, angiogenesis, invasiveness, extravasation, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy, and microenvironment. The sum of current literature reports suggests that miR-214 is a molecular hub involved in the control of cancer networks and, as such, could be a potential diagnostic/prognostic biomarker and target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Penna
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Orso
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy; Center for Molecular Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy; Center for Molecular Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nielsen JH, Haase TN, Jaksch C, Nalla A, Søstrup B, Nalla AA, Larsen L, Rasmussen M, Dalgaard LT, Gaarn LW, Thams P, Kofod H, Billestrup N. Impact of fetal and neonatal environment on beta cell function and development of diabetes. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2014; 93:1109-22. [DOI: 10.1111/aogs.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens H. Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Tobias N. Haase
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Caroline Jaksch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Amarnadh Nalla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Birgitte Søstrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Anjana A. Nalla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Louise Larsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Morten Rasmussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Louise T. Dalgaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Science; Roskilde University; Roskilde Denmark
| | - Louise W. Gaarn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
- Novo Nordisk; Måløv Denmark
| | - Peter Thams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Hans Kofod
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Nils Billestrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu J, Joglekar MV, Sumer H, Hardikar AA, Teede H, Verma PJ. Integration-Free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Type 1 Diabetes Patient Skin Fibroblasts Show Increased Abundance of Pancreas-Specific microRNAs. CELL MEDICINE 2014; 7:15-24. [PMID: 26858889 DOI: 10.3727/215517914x681785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease that is typically associated with multigenetic changes as well as environmental triggers. Disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are preferable cell sources to study T1D, as they are derived from patient cells and therefore capture the disease genotype in a stem cell line. The purpose of this study was to generate integration-free iPSCs from adult skin fibroblasts with T1D. iPSCs were generated by transfection of synthetic mRNAs encoding transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC, and LIN28. Phase-contrast microscopy, immunocytochemistry, karyotyping, bisulfite genomic sequencing, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and teratoma formation assay were used to determine reprogramming efficiency, pluripotency, and differentiation potential. Following 18 consecutive days of synthetic mRNA transfections, the T1D patient skin fibroblasts underwent morphological changes, and the aggregated clumps exhibited a human embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like morphology with a high nucleus/cytoplasm ratio. Highly efficient generation of iPSCs was achieved using the mRNA reprogramming approach. The disease-specific iPSCs expressed pluripotency markers, maintained a normal karyotype, and formed teratomas containing tissues representative of the three germ layers when injected into immune-deficient mice. Of interest, the iPSCs showed upregulations of pancreas-specific microRNAs, compared with parental fibroblasts. These data indicate that T1D patient skin fibroblasts can be reprogrammed to pluripotency using a synthetic mRNA approach. These cells can serve as a useful tool for the identification of genes that are involved in autoimmune reactions as well as generating patient-matched β-cells for cell-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Cell Reprogramming and Stem Cells, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University , Clayton, VIC , Australia
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- † Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney , Camperdown, NSW , Australia
| | - Huseyin Sumer
- Cell Reprogramming and Stem Cells, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University , Clayton, VIC , Australia
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- † Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney , Camperdown, NSW , Australia
| | - Halena Teede
- ‡School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; §Diabetes Unit, Southern Health Clayton, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul J Verma
- Cell Reprogramming and Stem Cells, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; ¶Turretfield Research Centre, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Rosedale SA 3050, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Williams MD, Wong W, Rixon A, Satoor SN, Hardikar AA, Joglekar MV. Pdx1 (GFP/w) mice for isolation, characterization, and differentiation of pancreatic progenitor cells. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1194:271-288. [PMID: 25064109 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1215-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that human cells are diverse with respect to their epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome. In the context of regenerative medicine, it is important for the transplanted cells or tissues to faithfully recapitulate their intended tissue type in each of these respects. Whether the cells chosen for such an application are embryonic, postnatal, or induced pluripotent stem cells, the transplanted product must behave in a predictable and reliable manner to be a safe and effective treatment option. Irrespective of the choice of cells used in such an application, the characterization and understanding of the developmental cues responsible for establishing and maintaining the desired cell phenotype are essential.Animal models are extremely important in understanding the development of a specific tissue, which can then be subsequently extrapolated to human studies. Generation of transgenic animal models with whole-body gene knockout, conditional knockout, constitutive fluorescent gene reporters, and Cre-Lox-based conditional and lineage reporters has revolutionized the field of developmental biology. An intrinsically complex network of the actions and interactions of the multitude of different signalling cascades is required for development. A thorough understanding of such networks, gained through studies on transgenic animal models, is essential for the development of the techniques necessary to reliably differentiate a given stem or progenitor cell population into a specific cell type, such as an islet-like, insulin-producing cell aggregate.In this chapter, we describe the use of GFP (green fluorescent protein)-based reporter mice for isolation of cells of choice, analyzing gene expression in those cells as well as their use for screening signalling molecules to understand their effect on differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Williams
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Medical Foundation Building, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Serum circulating microRNA profiling for identification of potential type 2 diabetes and obesity biomarkers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77251. [PMID: 24204780 PMCID: PMC3817315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in a variety of biological processes, including complex metabolic processes, such as energy and lipid metabolism, which have been studied in the context of diabetes and obesity. Some particular microRNAs have recently been demonstrated to abundantly and stably exist in serum and to be potentially disease-specific. The aim of this profiling study was to characterize the expression of miRNA in serum samples of obese, nonobese diabetic and obese diabetic individuals to determine whether miRNA expression was deregulated in these serum samples and to identify whether any observed deregulation was specific to either obesity or diabetes or obesity with diabetes. Patients and Methods Thirteen patients with type 2 diabetes, 20 obese patients, 16 obese patients with type 2 diabetes and 20 healthy controls were selected for this study. MiRNA PCR panels were employed to screen serum levels of 739 miRNAs in pooled samples from these four groups. We compared the levels of circulating miRNAs between serum pools of each group. Individual validation of the twelve microRNAs selected as promising biomarkers was carried out using RT-qPCR. Results Three serum microRNAs, miR-138, miR-15b and miR-376a, were found to have potential as predictive biomarkers in obesity. Use of miR-138 or miR-376a provides a powerful predictive tool for distinguishing obese patients from normal healthy controls, diabetic patients, and obese diabetic patients. In addition, the combination of miR-503 and miR-138 can distinguish diabetic from obese diabetic patients. Conclusion This study is the first to show a panel of serum miRNAs for obesity, and compare them with miRNAs identified in serum for diabetes and obesity with diabetes. Our results support the use of some miRNAs extracted from serum samples as potential predictive tools for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
|
40
|
Mao Y, Mohan R, Zhang S, Tang X. MicroRNAs as pharmacological targets in diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2013; 75:37-47. [PMID: 23810798 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by high levels of blood glucose due to either the loss of insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreas, leading to a deficiency of insulin in type 1 diabetes, or due to increased insulin resistance, leading to reduced insulin sensitivity and productivity in type 2 diabetes. There is an increasing need for new options to treat diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes at its early stages due to an ineffective control of its development in patients. Recently, a novel class of small noncoding RNAs, termed microRNAs (miRNAs), is found to play a key role as important transcriptional and posttranscriptional inhibitors of gene expression in fine-tuning the target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and have become an intriguing target for therapeutic intervention. This review focuses on the dysregulated miRNAs discovered in various diabetic models and addresses the potential for miRNAs to be therapeutic targets in the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Mao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression programs in the pancreas; however, little is known about the role of miRNA pathways during endocrine cell specification and maturation during neonatal life. In this study, we deleted Dicer1, an essential RNase for active miRNAs biogenesis, specifically from NGN3+ endocrine progenitor cells. We found that deletion of Dicer1 in endocrine progenitors did not affect the specification of hormone-expressing endocrine cells. However, the islets in the mutant mice in the neonatal period exhibited morphological defects in organization and loss of hormone expression, and the mutant mice subsequently developed diabetes. Dicer1-deficient β-cells lost insulin expression while maintaining the expression of β-cell transcription factors such as Pdx1 and Nkx6.1 early in the postnatal period. Surprisingly, transcriptional profiling showed that that the Dicer1-deficient endocrine cells expressed neuronal genes before the onset of diabetes. The derepression of neuronal genes was associated with a loss in binding of the neuronal transcriptional repressor RE-1-silencing transcription factor to its targets in Dicer1-deficient β-cells. These studies suggest that miRNAs play a critical role in suppressing neuronal genes during the maturation of endocrine cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza S. Kanji
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Ph.D. Program (MBIDP), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Martin G. Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mattel Children's Hospital and the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anil Bhushan
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Ph.D. Program (MBIDP), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Corresponding author: Anil Bhushan,
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kim JW, You YH, Jung S, Suh-Kim H, Lee IK, Cho JH, Yoon KH. miRNA-30a-5p-mediated silencing of Beta2/NeuroD expression is an important initial event of glucotoxicity-induced beta cell dysfunction in rodent models. Diabetologia 2013; 56:847-55. [PMID: 23338554 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The loss of beta cell function is a critical factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. Glucotoxicity plays a major role in the progressive deterioration of beta cell function and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here we demonstrate that microRNA (miR)-30a-5p is a key player in early-stage glucotoxicity-induced beta cell dysfunction. METHODS We performed northern blots, RT-PCR and western blots in glucotoxicity-exposed primary rat islets and INS-1 cells. We also measured glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and insulin content. In vivo approaches were used to evaluate the role of miR-30a-5p in beta cell dysfunction. RESULTS miR-30a-5p expression was increased in beta cells after exposure to glucotoxic conditions, and exogenous miR-30a-5p overexpression also induced beta cell dysfunction in vitro. miR-30a-5p directly suppressed expression of Beta2/NeuroD (also known as Neurod1) by binding to a specific binding site in its 3'-untranslated region. After restoration of Beta2/NeuroD expression by knockdown miR-30a-5p or transfection of the Beta2/NeuroD gene, beta cell dysfunction, including decreased insulin content, gene expression and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, recovered. Glucose tolerance and beta cell dysfunction improved on direct injection of Ad-si30a-5p into the pancreas of diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data demonstrate that miR-30a-5p-mediated direct suppression of Beta2/NeuroD gene expression is an important initiation step of glucotoxicity-induced beta cell dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-W Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, # 505, Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Han B, Shi X, Peng Q, Gao W. Study on Genetic Variance of miR-541 in Type 1 Diabetes. ISRN ENDOCRINOLOGY 2012; 2012:630861. [PMID: 23304544 PMCID: PMC3530230 DOI: 10.5402/2012/630861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Genetic susceptibility plays a key role in type 1 diabetes development. Because miR-541 gene was located within the associated chromosome loci and its target genes include the diabetes-associated gene neurogenin3, this study aimed to investigate whether miR-541 had type 1 diabetes-associated genetic variations. Type 1 diabetes children and healthy volunteers were recruited; direct sequencing was performed in initial 69 patients and 46 volunteers. We identified 1 reported SNP (rs12893725) and 3 novel genetic variations, for the candidate -404 G→T variation, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was performed in total 247 diabetes children and 212 healthy volunteers, a different distribution trait of allele frequencies was found between the two groups, and further clinical analysis found no significant correlation between clinical parameter and genotypes among patients. In addition, by luciferase reporter assay, -404 was found to be within putative promoter region of pre-miR-541; although mutation of G→T has no effect on promoter activity, a significant secondary structure alteration may possibly influence its processing and transcription. In conclusion, we identified 3 novel genetic variations in putative promoter of miR-541 in type 1 diabetes patients; -404 G→T of miR-541 is a potential T1D-associated genetic variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gong J, Zhang G, Tian F, Wang Y. Islet-derived stem cells from adult rats participate in the repair of islet damage. J Mol Histol 2012; 43:745-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-012-9447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
45
|
Dysregulation of Dicer1 in beta cells impairs islet architecture and glucose metabolism. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2012; 2012:470302. [PMID: 22991506 PMCID: PMC3443614 DOI: 10.1155/2012/470302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in pancreas development and in regulation of insulin expression in the adult. Here we show that loss of miRNAs activity in beta-cells during embryonic development results in lower beta-cell mass and in impaired glucose tolerance. Dicer1-null cells initially constitute a significant portion of the total beta-cell population. However, during postnatal development, Dicer1-null cells are depleted. Furthermore, wild-type beta cells are repopulating the islets in complex compensatory dynamics. Because loss of Dicer1 is also associated with changes in the distribution of membranous E-cadherin, we hypothesized that E-cadherin activity may play a role in beta cell survival or islet architecture. However, genetic loss of E-cadherin function does not impair islet architecture, suggesting that miRNAs likely function through other or redundant effectors in the endocrine pancreas.
Collapse
|
46
|
Chaudhary N, Nakka KK, Maulik N, Chattopadhyay S. Epigenetic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and dietary management. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:254-81. [PMID: 22229755 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Metabolic syndrome constitutes a group of disorders such as insulin resistance, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia, predisposing an individual to risk factors such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. A majority of these diseases are influenced by the environmental factors, nutrient uptake, and genetic profile of an individual that together dysregulate gene function. These genetic and nongenetic factors are reported to introduce epigenetic cues that modulate the gene function which is inherited by the offspring. RECENT ADVANCES Considering the epigenetic modulation of the metabolic disorders, nutrigenomics has been distinctly categorized as a branch that deals with modulatory effect of nutrients on metabolic disorders and disease progression by supplementing the individuals with key nutrient-enriched diets which are derived from plant and animal sources. CRITICAL ISSUES Nutritional components of the diet regulate the metabolic health of an individual either by controlling the expression of some key genes related to metabolic pathways or by modulating the epigenetic events on such genes. The present article discusses various metabolic disorders in detail and the effect of nutrients on the specific genes causing those disorders. We also highlight the molecular mechanisms of some metabolic disorders through epigenetic modifications and possible therapeutic interventions. FUTURE DIRECTIONS With the advent of high-throughput technologies and epigenetic modulation of the metabolic disorders, an altered epigenetic code that is programmed due to improper nutrients can be reverted back by supplementing the diet with various plant-derived compounds. The implication of small molecular drugs is also of utmost significance for challenging the metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Chaudhary
- Department of Chromatin and Disease, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sasikala M, Talukdar R, Pavan kumar P, Radhika G, Rao GV, Pradeep R, Subramanyam C, Nageshwar Reddy D. β-Cell dysfunction in chronic pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:1764-72. [PMID: 22383081 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disease characterized by irreversible destruction of pancreatic secretory parenchyma, fibrosis, exocrine atrophy, and endocrine insufficiency leading to diabetes. Secondary diabetes occurring in CP subsequent to destruction of pancreatic β-cells is distinct, since it involves β-cell dysfunction amidst an inflammatory milieu. Even though considerable knowledge is available on the pathophysiology and clinical management of CP, relatively much less is known about the molecular events leading to β-cell dysfunction. Investigators have demonstrated that altered morphology, reduced β-cell mass, and β-cell numbers result in endocrine insufficiency. However, recent reports and our observations suggest that β-cell dysfunction develops in the early stages of CP while clinical diabetes manifests later, when there is profound fibrosis. In the early stages, altered internal milieu and physiology arising due to inflammation and release of cytokines might lead to deranged signaling pathways and islet dysfunction. Subsequently, development of fibrosis causes islet destruction. This suggests that endocrine deficiency in CP is multifactorial. Although the role of transcription factors (Pdx-1, MafA, NeuroD) on β-cell functions is understood, alterations in internal milieu of pancreatic tissue that affects β-cell functions in CP has not been elucidated. In this review, we summarize the factors that have an effect on islet functions. Understanding molecular events of β-cell dysfunction in CP can lead to the development of targeted preventive and therapeutic modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sasikala
- Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Transcriptional mechanisms controlling miR-375 gene expression in the pancreas. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2012; 2012:891216. [PMID: 22778717 PMCID: PMC3388352 DOI: 10.1155/2012/891216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in mediating a broad and expanding range of biological activities. miR-375 is expressed selectively in the pancreas. We have previously shown that selective expression of miR-375 in pancreatic beta cells is controlled by transcriptional mechanisms operating through a TATA box-containing promoter. Expression of miR-375 has been reported in non-beta cells within the endocrine pancreas, and indeed inactivation of miR-375 leads to perturbation in cell mass and number of both alpha and beta cells. Consistent with its expression throughout the endocrine pancreas, we now show that the promoter of the miR-375 gene shows selective activity in pancreatic endocrine alpha cells, comparable to that observed in beta cells. We previously identified a novel negative regulatory element located downstream of the miR-375 gene transcription start site. By generating luciferase reporter genes, we now show that the sequence is functional also when positioned upstream of a heterologous promoter, thus proving that the repressor effect is mediated at least in part at the level of transcription. Further characterization of the transcriptional control mechanism regulating expression of miR-375 and other pancreatic miRNAs will contribute to a better understanding of pancreas development and function.
Collapse
|
49
|
Ansarullah, Bharucha B, Umarani M, Dwivedi M, Laddha NC, Begum R, Hardikar AA, Ramachandran AV. Oreocnide integrifolia Flavonoids Augment Reprogramming for Islet Neogenesis and β-Cell Regeneration in Pancreatectomized BALB/c Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2012; 2012:260467. [PMID: 22474495 PMCID: PMC3303763 DOI: 10.1155/2012/260467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Agents which can either trigger proliferation of β-cells or induce neogenesis of β-cells from precursors would be of pivotal role in reversing diabetic manifestations. We examined the role of flavonoid rich fraction (FRF) of Oreocnide integrifolia leaves using a mice model of experimental regeneration. BALB/c mice were subjected to ~70% pancreatectomy (Px) and supplemented with FRF for 7, 14, and 21 days after pancreatectomy. Px animals displayed increased blood glucose levels and decreased insulin titres which were ameliorated by FRF supplementation. FRF-treated mice demonstrated prominent newly formed islets budding off from ducts and depicting increased BrdU incorporation. Additionally, transcripts levels of Ins1/2, Reg-3α/γ, Ngn-3, and Pdx-1 were upregulated during the initial 1 week. The present study provides evidence of a nutraceutical contributing to islet neogenesis from ductal cells as the mode of β-cell regeneration and a potential therapeutic for clinical trials in management of diabetic manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ansarullah
- 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Bhavna Bharucha
- 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Malati Umarani
- 2Lab No. 10 Stem Cells and Diabetes Section, National Centre for Cell Sciences, Maharashtra Pune 411007, India
| | - Mitesh Dwivedi
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Naresh C. Laddha
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Anandwardhan A. Hardikar
- 4Diabetes and Pancreas Biology Group, The O'Brien Institute and The University of Melbourne, 42 Fitzroy Street, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - A. V. Ramachandran
- 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
- 5Division of Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat Vadodara 390002, India
- *A. V. Ramachandran:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ali AS, Ali S, Ahmad A, Bao B, Philip PA, Sarkar FH. Expression of microRNAs: potential molecular link between obesity, diabetes and cancer. Obes Rev 2011; 12:1050-62. [PMID: 21767342 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00906.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinicians are routinely challenged in their management of cancer patients because of the complexities of obesity and diabetes that are often found as comorbid conditions. Although attention has been given to optimizing treatment planning for these patients, less attention has been given to manage their obesity and diabetes. This suggests that newer, comprehensive approaches must be developed for the treatment of cancer patients as a 'whole' rather than as a single disease. While the specific pathologies of each are unique, years of research have indicated intimate molecular links between these chronic diseases. The contribution of sedentary lifestyles and poor dietary habits is recognized; however, the precise molecular links are still not well-explored. In addition, emerging evidence suggests the important role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of several diseases, yet their roles in linking obesity, diabetes and cancer are only now beginning to be recognized. It is hoped that miRNAs will serve as novel biomarkers and molecular targets for cancer therapy in patients with comorbid conditions. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the pathobiology of obesity, diabetes and cancer, and document molecular roles of miRNAs linking cancer with obesity and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Ali
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|