1
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Zhang T, Huang H. Photocatalyzed Aminomethylation of Alkyl Halides Enabled by Sterically Hindered N-Substituents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310114. [PMID: 37721856 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) coupling of alkyl halides and tertiary amines offers a promising tool for the rapid decoration of amine skeletons. However, this approach has not been well established, partially due to the challenges in precisely distinguishing and controlling the reactivity of amine-coupling partners and their product homologues. Herein, we developed a metal-free photocatalytic system for the aminomethylation of alkyl halides through radical-involved C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) bond formation, allowing for the synthesis of sterically congested tertiary amines that are of interest in organic synthesis but not easily prepared by other methods. Mechanistic studies disclosed that sterically hindered N-substituents are key to activate the amine coupling partners by tuning their redox potentials to drive the reaction forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hanmin Huang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, P. R. China
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2
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Lopat’eva ER, Krylov IB, Segida OO, Merkulova VM, Ilovaisky AI, Terent’ev AO. Heterogeneous Photocatalysis as a Potent Tool for Organic Synthesis: Cross-Dehydrogenative C-C Coupling of N-Heterocycles with Ethers Employing TiO 2/ N-Hydroxyphthalimide System under Visible Light. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030934. [PMID: 36770603 PMCID: PMC9920906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the obvious advantages of heterogeneous photocatalysts (availability, stability, recyclability, the ease of separation from products and safety) their application in organic synthesis faces serious challenges: generally low efficiency and selectivity compared to homogeneous photocatalytic systems. The development of strategies for improving the catalytic properties of semiconductor materials is the key to their introduction into organic synthesis. In the present work, a hybrid photocatalytic system involving both heterogeneous catalyst (TiO2) and homogeneous organocatalyst (N-hydroxyphthalimide, NHPI) was proposed for the cross-dehydrogenative C-C coupling of electron-deficient N-heterocycles with ethers employing t-BuOOH as the terminal oxidant. It should be noted that each of the catalysts is completely ineffective when used separately under visible light in this transformation. The occurrence of visible light absorption upon the interaction of NHPI with the TiO2 surface and the generation of reactive phthalimide-N-oxyl (PINO) radicals upon irradiation with visible light are considered to be the main factors determining the high catalytic efficiency. The proposed method is suitable for the coupling of π-deficient pyridine, quinoline, pyrazine, and quinoxaline heteroarenes with various non-activated ethers.
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3
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Shi YS, Liu JF, Wu XL, Ke DH, Xu S. Synthesis of (E)-α-hydroxyethyl-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes by the reaction of tetrahydrofuran and aromatic aldehydes. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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4
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Vil' VA, Grishin SS, Baberkina EP, Kostyagina VA, Kovalenko AE, Terent'ev AO. Radical addition of tetrahydrofuran to imines assisted by tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5
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Supranovich VI, Levin VV, Dilman AD. Radical Addition to N-Tosylimines via C-H Activation Induced by Decatungstate Photocatalyst. Org Lett 2019; 21:4271-4274. [PMID: 31081641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A method for the radical addition toward N-tosylimines based on light promoted C-H activation by tetrabutylammonium decatungstate is described. The reaction proceeds under irradiation using 400 nm light emitting diodes in conventional glassware. The method can be applied for alkylations (cycloalkanes, ethers, dimethylformamide) and acylation (primary aliphatic aldehydes) of both aromatic and aliphatic N-tosylimines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav I Supranovich
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , 119991 Moscow , Leninsky prosp. 47 , Russian Federation
| | - Vitalij V Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , 119991 Moscow , Leninsky prosp. 47 , Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , 119991 Moscow , Leninsky prosp. 47 , Russian Federation
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6
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Zeng H, Yang S, Li H, Lu D, Gong Y, Zhu JT. Site-Specific Functionalization of 1,3-Dioxolane with Imines: A Radical Chain Approach to Masked α-Amino Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5256-5266. [PMID: 29644853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A thiol-promoted site-specific addition of 1,3-dioxolane to imines through a radical chain process is described. This process represents a metal-free and redox-neutral way to convert inexpensive materials to a broad range of protected α-amino aldehydes in good to excellent yields using only a catalytic amount of radical precursor. Control experiments revealed that both the thiol and a small amount of oxygen from air are indispensable to the success of this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Sen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Haotian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Dengfu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Yuefa Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Jin-Tao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
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7
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Zeng H, Lu D, Gong Y. Direct Metal-Free C-H Functionalization of Cyclic Ethers with Schiff Bases Through an Azobisisobutyronitrile-Initiated Radical Chain Process. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu Rd. 430074 Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Dengfu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu Rd. 430074 Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Yuefa Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu Rd. 430074 Wuhan Hubei China
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8
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Radical additions of acyclic and cyclic ethers to alkenes via an allyl transfer reaction involving phthalimido-N-oxyl radical. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Sølvhøj A, Ahlburg A, Madsen R. Dimethylzinc-Initiated Radical Coupling of β-Bromostyrenes with Ethers and Amines. Chemistry 2015; 21:16272-9. [PMID: 26377614 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new coupling reaction has been developed in which β-bromostyrenes react with ethers and tertiary amines to introduce the styryl group in the α-position. The transformation is mediated by Me2 Zn/O2 with 10 % MnCl2 and is believed to proceed by a radical addition-elimination mechanism. The ether and the amine are employed as solvent and the coupling takes place through the most stable α radical for unsymmetrical substrates. The products are obtained in moderate to good yields as the pure E isomers. The coupling can be achieved with a range of smaller cyclic and acyclic ethers/amines as well as various substituted β-bromostyrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sølvhøj
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby (Denmark)
| | - Andreas Ahlburg
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby (Denmark)
| | - Robert Madsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby (Denmark).
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Rossi B, Pastori N, Prosperini S, Punta C. Multicomponent versus domino reactions: One-pot free-radical synthesis of β-amino-ethers and β-amino-alcohols. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:66-73. [PMID: 25670994 PMCID: PMC4311587 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an optimized multicomponent procedure, an aryl amine, a ketone, and a cyclic ether or an alcohol molecule are assembled in a one-pot synthesis by nucleophilic radical addition of ketyl radicals to ketimines generated in situ. The reaction occurs under mild conditions by mediation of the TiCl4/Zn/t-BuOOH system, leading to the formation of quaternary β-amino-ethers and -alcohols. The new reaction conditions guarantee good selectivity by preventing the formation of secondary products. The secondary products are possibly derived from a competitive domino reaction, which involves further oxidation of the ketyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" - Politecnico di Milano, Via Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20131 Milano, Italy; Fax (+39)0223993180
| | - Nadia Pastori
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" - Politecnico di Milano, Via Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20131 Milano, Italy; Fax (+39)0223993180
| | - Simona Prosperini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" - Politecnico di Milano, Via Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20131 Milano, Italy; Fax (+39)0223993180
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" - Politecnico di Milano, Via Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20131 Milano, Italy; Fax (+39)0223993180
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11
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Tauber J, Imbri D, Opatz T. Radical addition to iminium ions and cationic heterocycles. Molecules 2014; 19:16190-222. [PMID: 25310148 PMCID: PMC6270771 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-centered radicals represent highly useful reactive intermediates in organic synthesis. Their nucleophilic character is reflected by fast additions to electron deficient C=X double bonds as present in iminium ions or cationic heterocycles. This review covers diverse reactions of preformed or in situ-generated cationic substrates with various types of C-radicals, including alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, acyl, carbamoyl, and alkoxycarbonyl species. Despite its high reactivity, the strong interaction of the radical's SOMO with the LUMO of the cation frequently results in a high regioselectivity. Intra- and intermolecular processes such as the Minisci reaction, the Porta reaction, and the Knabe rearrangement will be discussed along with transition metal and photoredox catalysis or electrochemical methods to generate the odd-electron species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Tauber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dennis Imbri
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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12
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Wang X, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Xing CH. Oxidative C(Sp3)–H activation and C–N cleavage of N-methyl amines under transition-metal-free condition for synthesis of methylene-bridged bis-1,3-diketones. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Zhang L, Deng Y, Shi F. Light promoted aqueous phase amine synthesis via three-component coupling reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Ji CB, Cao ZY, Wang X, Wu DY, Zhou J. A Catalyst-Free, One-Pot Three-Component Aminomethylation of α-Substituted Nitroacetates: Theoretical and Experimental Studies into the Rate-Accelerating Effects of the Solvent Methanol. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:877-82. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Rossi B, Prosperini S, Pastori N, Clerici A, Punta C. New advances in titanium-mediated free radical reactions. Molecules 2012; 17:14700-32. [PMID: 23519248 PMCID: PMC6268425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171214700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium complexes have been widely used as catalysts for C‑C bond-forming processes via free-radical routes. Herein we provide an overview of some of the most significant contributions in the field, that covers the last decade, emphasizing the key role played by titanium salts in the promotion of selective reactions aimed at the synthesis of multifunctional organic compounds, including nucleophilic radical additions to imines, pinacol and coupling reactions, ring opening of epoxides and living polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; E-Mails: (B.R.); (S.P.); (N.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Simona Prosperini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; E-Mails: (B.R.); (S.P.); (N.P.); (A.C.)
- INSTM (National Consortium for Materials Science and Technology) Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Pastori
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; E-Mails: (B.R.); (S.P.); (N.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Angelo Clerici
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; E-Mails: (B.R.); (S.P.); (N.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; E-Mails: (B.R.); (S.P.); (N.P.); (A.C.)
- INSTM (National Consortium for Materials Science and Technology) Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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16
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Motiwala HF, Gülgeze B, Aubé J. Copper-catalyzed oxaziridine-mediated oxidation of C-H bonds. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7005-22. [PMID: 22830300 DOI: 10.1021/jo3012336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The highly regio- and chemoselective oxidation of activated C-H bonds has been observed via copper-catalyzed reactions of oxaziridines. The oxidation proceeded with a variety of substrates, primarily comprising allylic and benzylic examples, as well as one example of an otherwise unactivated tertiary C-H bond. The mechanism of the reaction is proposed to involve single-electron transfer to the oxaziridines to generate a copper-bound radical anion, followed by hydrogen atom abstraction and collapse to products, with regeneration of the catalyst by a final single-electron transfer event. The involvement of allylic radical intermediates was supported by a radical-trapping experiment with TEMPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Del Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2121 Simons Drive, West Campus, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
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Friestad GK, Ji A, Baltrusaitis J, Korapala CS, Qin J. Scope of Stereoselective Mn-Mediated Radical Addition to Chiral Hydrazones and Application in a Formal Synthesis of Quinine. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3159-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jo2026349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory K. Friestad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - An Ji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | | | - Jun Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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18
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Prosperini S, Pastori N, Ghilardi A, Clerici A, Punta C. New domino radical synthesis of aminoalcohols promoted by TiCl4-Zn/t-BuOOH system: selective hydroxyalkylation of amines in alcohol or in cyclic ether cosolvents. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:3759-67. [PMID: 21479301 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05191a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a new and fast domino synthesis of aminoalcohols under mild conditions. The free-radical reaction of aliphatic and aromatic amines with alcohol cosolvents is promoted by means of the TiCl(4)-Zn/t-BuOOH system. According to the proposed mechanism, the amine reacts with two molecules of alcohol in an electrophilic-nucleophilic cascade process. This procedure, if compared with the TiCl(3)/t-BuOOH-mediated protocol previously reported, appears to be more selective, of more general applicability and affords the desired products in higher yields. Besides, with the same catalytic system it was possible to promote the reaction of primary arylamines with two molecules of cyclic ether, leading to the formation of a wider range of functionalized aminoalcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Prosperini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica G. Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Sezione Chimica, Milano, Italy
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Radical Additions to Chiral Hydrazones: Stereoselectivity and Functional Group Compatibility. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 320:61-91. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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20
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Zhang SY, Zhang FM, Tu YQ. Direct Sp3α-C–H activation and functionalization of alcohol and ether. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:1937-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Pastori N, Greco C, Clerici A, Punta C, Porta O. Free-Radical Addition to Ketimines Generated In Situ. New One-Pot Synthesis of Quaternary α-Aminoamides Promoted by a H2O2/TiCl4−Zn/HCONH2 System. Org Lett 2010; 12:3898-901. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1015916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Pastori
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano-Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Cosimina Greco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano-Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Clerici
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano-Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Punta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano-Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Ombretta Porta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano-Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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Spaccini R, Ghilardi A, Pastori N, Clerici A, Punta C, Porta O. Efficient radical domino approach to β-aminoalcohols from arylamines and alcohols triggered by Ti(III)/t-BuOOH. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Chen Z, Zhang YX, An Y, Song XL, Wang YH, Zhu LL, Guo L. Radical Addition of Ethers to Terminal Alkynes with HighE-Selectivity. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Friestad GK, Jiang T, Fioroni GM. Stereocontrol in radical Mannich equivalents for aminosugar synthesis: haloacetal and 2-(phenylthio)vinyl tethered radical additions to α-hydroxyhydrazones. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Clerici A, Ghilardi A, Pastori N, Punta C, Porta O. A New One-Pot, Four-Component Synthesis of 1,2-Amino Alcohols: TiCl3/t-BuOOH-Mediated Radical Hydroxymethylation of Imines. Org Lett 2008; 10:5063-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ol802244n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Clerici
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano - Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghilardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano - Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Nadia Pastori
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano - Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Punta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano - Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Ombretta Porta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano - Sezione Chimica, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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Li Z, Yu R, Li H. Iron-Catalyzed CC Bond Formation by Direct Functionalization of CH Bonds Adjacent to Heteroatoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Li Z, Yu R, Li H. Iron‐Catalyzed CC Bond Formation by Direct Functionalization of CH Bonds Adjacent to Heteroatoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:7497-500. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐6251‐6444
| | - Rong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐6251‐6444
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐6251‐6444
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Friestad GK, Ji A. Mn-Mediated Coupling of Alkyl Iodides and Ketimines: A Radical Addition Route to α,α-Disubstituted α-Aminoesters. Org Lett 2008; 10:2311-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800733b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - An Ji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Heinrich MR, Wetzel A, Kirschstein M. Intermolecular Radical Carboaminohydroxylation of Olefins with Aryl Diazonium Salts and TEMPO. Org Lett 2007; 9:3833-5. [PMID: 17705398 DOI: 10.1021/ol701622d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Highly reactive aryl radicals can selectively be reacted with a broad variety of activated and nonactivated olefinic substrates in the presence of nitroxyl radicals. Direct recombination of the aryl radical and the nitroxide as well as telomerization of the olefin is successfully suppressed by the reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus R Heinrich
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie 1, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
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Clerici A, Greco C, Panzeri W, Pastori N, Punta C, Porta O. Reductive Coupling of Aromatic Aldehydes Promoted by an Aqueous TiCl3/tBuOOH System in Alcoholic Cosolvents. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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