1
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Grünenfelder DC, Navarro R, Wang H, Fastuca NJ, Butler JR, Reisman SE. Enantioselective Synthesis of (-)-10-Hydroxyacutuminine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117480. [PMID: 35112449 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective synthesis of (-)-10-hydroxyacutuminine is reported. Central to our strategy is a photochemical [2+2] cycloaddition that forges two of the quaternary stereocenters present in the acutumine alkaloids. A subsequent retro-aldol/Dieckmann sequence furnishes the spirocyclic cyclopentenone. Efforts to chlorinate the acutumine scaffold at C10 under heterolytic or radical deoxychlorination conditions led to the synthesis of an unexpected cyclopropane-containing pentacycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise C Grünenfelder
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Raul Navarro
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Haoxuan Wang
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Nicholas J Fastuca
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - John R Butler
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Sarah E Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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2
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Grünenfelder DC, Navarro R, Wang H, Fastuca NJ, Butler JR, Reisman SE. Enantioselective Synthesis of (−)‐10‐Hydroxyacutuminine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denise C. Grünenfelder
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Raul Navarro
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Haoxuan Wang
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Nicholas J. Fastuca
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - John R. Butler
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Sarah E. Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
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3
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Prier CK, Lo MM, Li H, Yasuda N. Stereodivergent Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxyprolines and 3‐Hydroxypipecolic Acids via Ketoreductase‐Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Reduction. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongming Li
- Merck & Co., Inc. 126 E Lincoln Avenue Rahway NJ 07065 USA
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4
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O'Mahony RM, Broderick CM, Lynch D, Collins SG, Maguire AR. Corrigendum to “Synthesis and use of a cost-effective, aqueous soluble diazo transfer reagent – m-carboxybenzenesulfonyl azide” [Tetrahedron Lett. 60 (1) (2019) 35–39]. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Dar'in D, Kantin G, Krasavin M. A 'sulfonyl-azide-free' (SAFE) aqueous-phase diazo transfer reaction for parallel and diversity-oriented synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5239-5242. [PMID: 30985842 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02042j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diazo transfer reactions are notoriously associated with the use of potentially explosive sulfonyl azides. The first 'sulfonyl-azide-free' (SAFE) protocol for producing diazo compounds from their active-methylene precursors via the Regitz diazo transfer reaction was developed and has displayed a remarkable substrate scope. It can be applied to generating arrays of diazo compounds for further evolution via combinatorial chemistry and a range of scaffold-generating transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Dar'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Grigory Kantin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
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6
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Kumar P, Jiang T, Zainul O, Preston AN, Li S, Farr JD, Suri P, Laughlin ST. Lipidated cyclopropenes via a stable 3- N spirocyclopropene scaffold. Tetrahedron Lett 2018; 59:3435-3438. [PMID: 30344353 PMCID: PMC6190722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipidated cyclopropenes serve as useful bioorthogonal reagents for imaging cell membranes due to the cyclopropene's small size and ability to ligate with pro-fluorescent tetrazines. Previously, the lipidation of cyclopropenes required modification at the C3 position because methods to append lipids at C1/C2 were not available. Herein, we describe C1/C2 lipidation with the biologically active lipid ceramide and a common phospholipid using a cyclopropene scaffold whose reactivity with 1,2,4,5-tetrazines has been caged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
| | - Omar Zainul
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
| | - Alyssa N. Preston
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
| | - Sining Li
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
| | - Joshua D. Farr
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
| | - Pavit Suri
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
| | - Scott T. Laughlin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, United States
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7
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Abstract
An efficient route for the synthesis of enantiopure 3,3-difluoroproline on multigram-scale is described herein. The deoxofluorination can be achieved with DAST on the corresponding racemic pyrrolidinone in good yield. Resolution of the racemate by crystallization with D- and L-tyrosine hydrazide provides both enantiomers of 3,3-difluoroproline in high yield and ee%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Doebelin
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Yuanjun He
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Theodore M Kamenecka
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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8
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Büschleb M, Dorich S, Hanessian S, Tao D, Schenthal KB, Overman LE. Synthetic Strategies toward Natural Products Containing Contiguous Stereogenic Quaternary Carbon Atoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4156-86. [PMID: 26836448 PMCID: PMC4865016 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Strategies for the total synthesis of complex natural products that contain two or more contiguous stereogenic quaternary carbon atoms in their intricate structures are reviewed with 12 representative examples. Emphasis has been put on methods to create quaternary carbon stereocenters, including syntheses of the same natural product by different groups, thereby showcasing the diversity of thought and individual creativity. A compendium of selected natural products containing two or more contiguous stereogenic quaternary carbon atoms and key reactions in their total or partial syntheses is provided in the Supporting Information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Büschleb
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C. P. 6128, Montréal, Qc, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Stéphane Dorich
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C. P. 6128, Montréal, Qc, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C. P. 6128, Montréal, Qc, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Daniel Tao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Kyle B Schenthal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Larry E Overman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
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9
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Büschleb M, Dorich S, Hanessian S, Tao D, Schenthal KB, Overman LE. Strategien für die Synthese von Naturstoffen mit benachbarten stereogenen quartären Kohlenstoffatomen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Büschleb
- Department of Chemistry; Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville; C. P. 6128 Montréal Qc H3C 3J7 Kanada
| | - Stéphane Dorich
- Department of Chemistry; Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville; C. P. 6128 Montréal Qc H3C 3J7 Kanada
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry; Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville; C. P. 6128 Montréal Qc H3C 3J7 Kanada
| | - Daniel Tao
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Kyle B. Schenthal
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Larry E. Overman
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
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10
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Rodríguez I, Calaza MI, Jiménez AI, Cativiela C. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure δ-benzylproline derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01894j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The methodology allows for the preparation of enantiopure δ-substituted l-proline analogues bearing the side chain of proteinogenic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - M. Isabel Calaza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Ana I. Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Carlos Cativiela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
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11
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King SM, Herzon SB. Substrate-modified functional group reactivity: hasubanan and acutumine alkaloid syntheses. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8937-47. [PMID: 25135456 DOI: 10.1021/jo501516x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Functional group taxonomy provides a powerful conceptual framework to classify and predict the chemical reactivity of molecular structures. These principals are most effective in monofunctional settings, wherein individual functional groups can be analyzed without complications. In more complex settings, the predictive value of these analyses decreases as alternative reaction pathways, promoted by neighboring substituents and aggregate molecular properties, emerge. We refer to this phenomenon as substrate-modified functional group reactivity. In this Perspective, we explain how substrate-modified functional group reactivity molded our synthetic routes to the hasubanan and acutumine alkaloids. These investigations underscore the potential for discovery and insight that can only be gained by studying the reactivity of complex multifunctional structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M King
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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12
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Castle SL. Total synthesis of the congested propellane alkaloid (-)-acutumine. CHEM REC 2014; 14:580-91. [PMID: 24863243 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-acutumine is described. The synthetic strategy was inspired by the premise that the cyclohexenone ring could be derived from an aromatic precursor. After successful construction of a propellane model system, an initial attempt to prepare the spirocyclic subunit was thwarted by incorrect regioselectivity in a radical cyclization. A second-generation approach involving a radical-polar crossover reaction was successful, and the chemistry developed in the aforementioned model system was then applied to synthesize the natural product. Key reactions included a phenolic oxidation, a diastereoselective ketone allylation utilizing Nakamura's chiral allylzinc reagent, an anionic oxy-Cope rearrangement, an acid-promoted cyclization of a secondary amine onto an α,β-unsaturated ketal, and a regioselective methyl enol etherification of a 1,3-diketone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Castle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, 84602, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Research in the hasubanan and acutumine alkaloid fields up to 1970 was discussed under "morphine alkaloids" in Volume 13 of this chapter. Advances in the field of hasubanan alkaloids from 1971 to 1975 were reviewed in Volume 16 and from 1976 to 1986 in Volume 33. This chapter extends the information in the three preceding reviews to hasubanan alkaloid literature published from 1987 to June 2013. This chapter covers acutumine alkaloid literature since (-)-acutumine (3) was isolated in 1929. This chapter includes occurrence and physical constants, new alkaloids, synthesis, biosynthesis, and pharmacology. Section 1 introduces the foremost alkaloids, (-)-hasubanonine (1) and (-)-acutumine (3), and the numbering systems of the hasubanan (2) and acutumine (4) skeletons. Section 2 details the occurrence and physical constants of 29 new hasubanan and 15 acutumine alkaloids. The isolation and structural determination of these new alkaloids are described in Section 3. Section 4 summarizes total syntheses and synthetic studies toward hasubanan and acutumine alkaloids. Completed syntheses of the hasubanan alkaloids (+)-cepharamine (ent-71), (-)-hasubanonine (1), (-)-runanine (8), (-)-delavayine (6), (+)-periglaucine B (19), and (-)-8-demethoxyrunanine (12) are reviewed. Completed syntheses of (-)-acutumine (3) and (-)-dechloroacutumine (52) are also described. Section 5 details biosyntheses of (-)-acutumine (3) advanced by Barton, Wipf, and Sugimoto. Section 6 summarizes pharmacological studies of hasubanan and acutumine alkaloids. Opioid receptor affinity, anti-HBV activity, and antimicrobial activity of hasubanan alkaloids are reported. Antiamnesic properties, cytotoxicity, and anti-HBV activity of acutumine alkaloids are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M King
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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14
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α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Calandra NA, King SM, Herzon SB. Development of enantioselective synthetic routes to the hasubanan and acutumine alkaloids. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10031-57. [PMID: 24032758 DOI: 10.1021/jo401889b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a general strategy to prepare the hasubanan and acutumine alkaloids, a large family of botanical natural products that display antitumor, antiviral, and memory-enhancing effects. The absolute stereochemistry of the targets is established by an enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction between 5-(trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadiene (36) and 5-(2-azidoethyl)-2,3-dimethoxybenzoquinone (24). The Diels-Alder adduct 38 is transformed to the tetracyclic imine 39 by a Staudinger reduction-aza-Wittig sequence. The latter serves as a universal precursor to the targets. Key carbon-carbon bond constructions include highly diastereoselective acetylide additions to the N-methyliminium ion derived from 39 and Friedel-Crafts and Hosomi-Sakurai cyclizations to construct the carbocyclic skeleton of the targets. Initially, this strategy was applied to the syntheses of (-)-acutumine (4), (-)-dechloroacutumine (5), and four hasubanan alkaloids (1, 2, 3, and 8). Herein, the synthetic route is adapted to the syntheses of six additional hasubanan alkaloids (12, 13, 14, 15, 18, and 19). The strategic advantage of 5-(trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadiene Diels-Alder adducts is demonstrated by site-selective functionalization of distal carbon-carbon π-bonds in the presence of an otherwise reactive norbornene substructure. Evaluation of the antiproliferative properties of the synthetic metabolites revealed that four hasubanan alkaloids are submicromolar inhibitors of the N87 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Calandra
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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16
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King SM, Calandra NA, Herzon SB. Total Syntheses of (−)-Acutumine and (−)-Dechloroacutumine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201210076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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King SM, Calandra NA, Herzon SB. Total syntheses of (-)-acutumine and (-)-dechloroacutumine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3642-5. [PMID: 23427090 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201210076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M King
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8107, USA
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18
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19
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Ghosh D, Lo J, Morton D, Valette D, Xi J, Griswold J, Hubbell S, Egbuta C, Jiang W, An J, Davies HML. Novel aromatase inhibitors by structure-guided design. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8464-76. [PMID: 22951074 DOI: 10.1021/jm300930n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human cytochrome P450 aromatase catalyzes with high specificity the synthesis of estrogens from androgens. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) such as exemestane, 6-methylideneandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione, are preeminent drugs for the treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. The crystal structure of human placental aromatase has shown an androgen-specific active site. By utilization of the structural data, novel C6-substituted androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione inhibitors have been designed. Several of the C6-substituted 2-alkynyloxy compounds inhibit purified placental aromatase with IC(50) values in the nanomolar range. Antiproliferation studies in a MCF-7 breast cancer cell line demonstrate that some of these compounds have EC(50) values better than 1 nM, exceeding that for exemestane. X-ray structures of aromatase complexes of two potent compounds reveal that, per their design, the novel side groups protrude into the opening to the access channel unoccupied in the enzyme-substrate/exemestane complexes. The observed structure-activity relationship is borne out by the X-ray data. Structure-guided design permits utilization of the aromatase-specific interactions for the development of next generation AIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
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20
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Navarro R, Reisman SE. Rapid construction of the aza-propellane core of acutumine via a photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. Org Lett 2012; 14:4354-7. [PMID: 22891873 DOI: 10.1021/ol3017963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic efforts toward the chlorinated aza-propellane alkaloid acutumine (1) are described. The key vicinal quaternary centers were constructed by a photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of a furanyl-tetrahydroindolone. Dihydroxylation of the [2 + 2] product enabled a tandem retro-aldol/intramolecular ketalization reaction, which revealed the aza-propellane core of 1 while generating an unusual, caged, pentacyclic hemiketal product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Navarro
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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21
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Barbion J, Sorin G, Selkti M, Kellenberger E, Baati R, Santoro S, Himo F, Pancrazi A, Lannou MI, Ardisson J. Stereoselective functionalization of pyrrolidinone moiety towards the synthesis of salinosporamide A. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Morton D, Dick AR, Ghosh D, Davies HML. Convenient method for the functionalization of the 4- and 6-positions of the androgen skeleton. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:5838-40. [PMID: 22572866 PMCID: PMC3357189 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31973j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and reactivity of steroidal vinyldiazo compounds is reported, providing a convenient, substituent tolerant, chemo- and stereoselective entry into 4- and 6-substituted androgen analogues from a common precursor. Under dirhodium catalysis, O-H insertion occurs at the carbenoid site, leading to 4-substituted steroids, but under silver catalysis, O-H insertion occurs at the vinylogous position, leading to 6-substituted steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Morton
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Tel: 001 404 727 6839
| | - Allison R. Dick
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Pharmacology and Upstate Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Room 6310, Weiskotten Hall, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Tel: 001 404 727 6839
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23
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Araujo MDFADS, Lins VDFC, Pasa VMD, Fonseca CG. Infrared spectroscopy study of photodegradation of polymer modified asphalt binder. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Li F, Tartakoff SS, Castle SL. Enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-acutumine. J Org Chem 2010; 74:9082-93. [PMID: 19904909 DOI: 10.1021/jo902006q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An account of the total synthesis of the tetracyclic alkaloid (-)-acutumine is presented. A first-generation approach to the spirocyclic subunit was unsuccessful as a result of incorrect regioselectivity in a radical cyclization. However, this work spawned a second-generation strategy in which the spirocycle was fashioned via a radical-polar crossover reaction. This process merged an intramolecular radical conjugate addition with an enolate hydroxylation and created two stereocenters with excellent diastereoselectivity. The reaction was promoted by irradiation with a sunlamp, and a ditin reagent was required for aryl radical formation. These facts suggest that the substrate may function as a sensitizer, thereby facilitating homolytic cleavage of the ditin reagent. The propellane motif of the target was then installed via annulation of a pyrrolidine ring onto the spirocycle. The sequence of reactions used included a phenolic oxidation, an asymmetric ketone allylation mediated by Nakamura's chiral allylzinc reagent, an anionic oxy-Cope rearrangement, a one-pot ozonolysis-reductive amination, and a Lewis acid promoted cyclization of an amine onto an alpha,beta-unsaturated dimethyl ketal. Further studies of the asymmetric ketone allylation demonstrated the ability of the Nakamura reagent to function well in a mismatched situation. A TiCl(4)-catalyzed regioselective methyl enol etherification of a 1,3-diketone completed the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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Kralj D, Friedrich M, Grošelj U, Kiraly-Potpara S, Meden A, Wagger J, Dahmann G, Stanovnik B, Svete J. A synthesis of 1-substituted 5-[2-(acylamino)ethyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamides. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Samuel S. Tartakoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Steven L. Castle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
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Nguyen TX, Kobayashi Y. Synthesis of the common propellane core structure of the hasubanan alkaloids. J Org Chem 2008; 73:5536-41. [PMID: 18549291 DOI: 10.1021/jo800793s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The racemic synthesis of the common propellane core structure found in various hasubanan alkaloids is reported. The successful completion hinged upon the stereocontrolled construction of the cis-substituted heterobicycle as a precursor for the intramolecular Dieckmann condensation. A novel strategy is introduced for the facile hydrolysis of a sterically demanding carboxamide under a mild condition. The 2-nitroanilide obtained by the Goldberg arylation of a carboxamide with 2-iodonitrobenzene was readily converted to the corresponding ester derivative by way of N-acylbenzotriazole. We expect that the reported synthetic route will allow the synthesis of a series of hasubanan alkaloids starting from the correspondingly functionalized 2-tetralone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thong X Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0343, La Jolla, California 92093-0343, USA
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Abstract
A new radical-polar crossover reaction was developed that consists of intramolecular conjugate addition of an aryl radical followed by enolate formation and hydroxylation. A C-C bond, a C-O bond, and two congested stereocenters are created in the process. The product is obtained as a single isomer. The method was used to synthesize the spirocyclic subunit of the alkaloid acutumine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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