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Nisar M, Gondal HY, Cheema ZM, Abbasskhan A. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Synthesis of Alkoxymethylhalides for Multipurpose Mixed Acetals; Scope and Limitations. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178619666220112105145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
The work describes a detailed account of the Lewis acid-catalyzed preparation of structurally variant alkoxymethyl halides. A series of Lewis acids with different halogenating agents areevaluatedfor the cleavage of bis-alkoxymethanes, where several readily available Lewis acids were found to exhibit high catalytic potential. SOCl2 with MgCl2 was found one of the best combinations for facile and efficient preparation of structurally diverse alkoxymethyl halides under solvent-free conditions. The efficacy of the methodology was established to obtain a wide range of mixed acetals through alkoxymethylation of phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen containing nucleophiles. The present procedure has significant advantages including simplicity, generality, rapidity, and availability of reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nisar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan, bHEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, Karachi, Pakistan,
| | - Humaira Yasmeen Gondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan, bHEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, Karachi, Pakistan,
| | - Zain Maqsood Cheema
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan, bHEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, Karachi, Pakistan,
| | - Ahmed Abbasskhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan, bHEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, Karachi, Pakistan,
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Heravi MM, Momeni T, Zadsirjan V, Mohammadi L. Application of The Dess-Martin Oxidation in Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Curr Org Synth 2020; 18:125-196. [PMID: 32940184 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200917102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dess-Martin periodinane (DMP), a commercially available chemical, is frequently utilized as a mild oxidative agent for the selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones, respectively. DMP shows several merits over other common oxidative agents such as chromiumand DMSO-based oxidants; thus, it is habitually employed in the total synthesis of natural products. In this review, we try to underscore the applications of DMP as an effective oxidant in an appropriate step (steps) in the multi-step total synthesis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebe Momeni
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
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Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Actinomycetes: Isolation, Synthesis, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 108 2019; 108:207-296. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01099-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Jhillu Singh Y, Rao Yarrapothu G, Vemula R. Synthesis of the C1–C15 fragment of elaiolide. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22122e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Yadav
- Organic Chemistry Division-1, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - V. Rajender
- Organic Chemistry Division-1, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Y. Gangadhara Rao
- Organic Chemistry Division-1, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Paterson I, Findlay AD, Noti C. Total synthesis of (-)-spirangien A, an antimitotic polyketide isolated from the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:594-611. [PMID: 19173216 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200800445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An expedient first total synthesis of (-)-spirangien A, a potent cytotoxic and antifungal polyketide of myxobacterial origin, is described. By using a common 1,3-diol intermediate obtained by an efficient aldol-reduction sequence for installation of the C15-C18 and C25-C28 stereotetrads and a reagent-controlled boron aldol coupling followed by spiroacetalization, a highly convergent strategy was developed for construction of the elaborate spiroacetal core. Conversion of this advanced spiroacetal intermediate into (+)-spirangien diene, obtained previously by controlled degradation of spirangien A, was then achieved by installation of the truncated side-chain using an allylboration-Peterson sequence. The total synthesis of (-)-spirangien A was then achieved by the controlled attachment of the unsaturated C1-C12 side-chain, avoiding exposure to light. A Stork-Wittig olefination and double Stille cross-coupling sequence was exploited to install the delicate conjugated pentaene chromophore featuring alternating (Z)- and (E)-olefins, leading initially to the methyl ester of spirangien A, which proved significantly more stable than the corresponding free acid. Subsequent careful hydrolysis afforded (-)-spirangien A, validating the relative and absolute configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C. Dias
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154 13084-971,Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Airton G. Salles
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154 13084-971,Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Favre S, Vogel P, Gerber-Lemaire S. Recent synthetic approaches toward non-anomeric spiroketals in natural products. Molecules 2008; 13:2570-600. [PMID: 18927519 PMCID: PMC6245442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13102570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many natural products of biological interest contain [6,5]- and [6,6]-spiroketal moieties that can adopt various configurations, benefiting or not from anomeric conformation stabilizing effects. The spiroketal fragments are often important for the biological activity of the compounds containing them. Most stable spiroketal stereoisomers, including those benefiting from conformational anomeric effects (gauche conformers can be more stable than anti conformers because of a contra-steric stabilizing effect), are obtained easily under acidic conditions that permit acetal heterolysis (formation of tertiary oxycarbenium ion intermediates). The synthesis of less stable stereoisomers requires stereoselective acetal forming reactions that do not permit their equilibration with their most stable stereoisomers or, in the case of suitably substituted derivatives, concomitant reactions generating tricyclic products that quench the less stable spiroketal conformers. Ingenuous approaches have been recently developed for the synthesis of naturally occurring [6,6]- and [5,6]-nonanomeric spiroketals and analogues. The identification of several parameters that can influence the stereochemical outcome of spirocyclization processes has led to seminal improvements in the selective preparation of the non-anomeric isomers that are discussed herein. This review also gives an up-dated view of conformational anomeric effect which represents a small fraction of the enthalpic anomeric effect that makes gem-dioxy substituted compounds much more stable that their 1,n-dioxy substituted isomers (n > 1). Although models assuming sp3-hybridized oxygen atoms have been very popular (rabbit ears for the two non-bonding electron pairs of oxygen atom), sp2-hybridized oxygen atoms are used to describe the conformational anomeric effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Asymmetric Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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