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Wang L, Feng C, Chen Y, Meng Q, Li J, Liu Y, Zhang W, Li Z, Qu J, Zhang Y. Study on the mechanism and degradation behavior of Encifer adhaerens DNM-S1 capturing dimethyl phthalate. Chemosphere 2024; 358:141919. [PMID: 38641291 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The global concern surrounding pollution caused by phthalates is escalating, with dimethyl phthalate (DMP) emerging as one of the most prevalent contaminants within the phthalates (PAEs) category. Although the biodegradation of DMP is considered both safe and efficient, its underlying degradation mechanism is not yet fully elucidated, and the degradation performance can be somewhat inconsistent. To address this issue, our study isolated a DMP-degrading bacterium (DNM-S1) from a vegetable greenhouse. The resulting data revealed that DNM-S1 exhibited a remarkable degradation performance, successfully degrading 84.98% of a 2000 mg L-1 DMP solution within 72 h. Remarkably, it achieved complete degradation of a 50 mg L-1 DMP solution within just 3 h. DMP degradation by DNM-S1 was also found to be efficient even under low-temperature conditions (10 °C). Our research further indicates that DNM-S1 is capable of capturing DMP through the ester bond in the bacterium's cell wall fatty acids, forming hydrogen bonds through hydrophobic interactions. The DMP was then transported into the DNM-S1 protoplasm using an active transport mechanism. Interestingly, the secondary metabolites of DNM-S1 contained natural carotenoids, which could potentially counteract the damaging effects of PAEs on cell membrane permeability. In summary, these findings highlight the potential of DNM-S1 in addressing PAEs pollution and provide new insights into the metabolic mechanism of PAEs degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
| | - Chengcheng Feng
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Province Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150056, PR China.
| | - Yuxin Chen
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
| | - Qingqing Meng
- Heilongjiang Province Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150056, PR China.
| | - Jingwei Li
- Heilongjiang Province Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150056, PR China.
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China.
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Lv J, Kelliher T. Recent Advances in Engineering of In Vivo Haploid Induction Systems. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2653:365-383. [PMID: 36995637 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3131-7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Doubled haploid (DH) technology is an important approach to accelerate genetic gain via a shortened breeding cycle, which relies on the ability to generate haploid cells that develop into haploids or doubled haploid embryos and plants. Both in vitro and in vivo (in seed) methods can be used for haploid production. In vitro culture of gametophytes (microspores and megaspores) or their surrounding floral tissues or organs (anthers, ovaries, or ovules) has generated haploid plants in wheat, rice, cucumber, tomato, and many other crops. In vivo methods utilize pollen irradiation or wide crossing or in certain species leverage genetic mutant haploid inducer lines. Haploid inducers were widespread in corn and barley, and recent cloning of the inducer genes and identification of the causal mutations in corn have led to the establishment of in vivo haploid inducer systems via genome editing of orthologous genes in more diverse species. Further combination of DH and genome editing technology led to the development of novel breeding technologies such as HI-EDIT™. In this chapter, we will review in vivo haploid induction and new breeding technologies that combine haploid induction and genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lv
- Syngenta Biotechnology China Co., Ltd, Changping, Beijing, China.
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Du H, Ma J, Zhou W, Li M, Huai C, Shen L, Wu H, Zhao X, Zhang N, Gao S, Wang Q, He L, Wu X, Qin S, Zhao M. Methylome-wide association study of different responses to risperidone in schizophrenia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1078464. [PMID: 36618913 PMCID: PMC9815458 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1078464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence shows that DNA methylation plays a role in antipsychotic response. However, the mechanisms by which DNA methylation changes are associated with antipsychotic responses remain largely unknown. Methods: We performed a methylome-wide association study (MWAS) to evaluate the association between DNA methylation and the response to risperidone in schizophrenia. Genomic DNA methylation patterns were assessed using the Agilent Human DNA Methylation Microarray. Results: We identified numerous differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and regions (DMRs) associated with antipsychotic response. CYP46A1, SPATS2, and ATP6V1E1 had the most significant DMPs, with p values of 2.50 × 10-6, 3.53 × 10-6, and 5.71 × 10-6, respectively. The top-ranked DMR was located on chromosome 7, corresponding to the PTPRN2 gene with a Šidák-corrected p-value of 9.04 × 10-13. Additionally, a significant enrichment of synaptic function and neurotransmitters was found in the differentially methylated genes after gene ontology and pathway analysis. Conclusion: The identified DMP- and DMR-overlapping genes associated with antipsychotic response are related to synaptic function and neurotransmitters. These findings may improve understanding of the mechanisms underlying antipsychotic response and guide the choice of antipsychotic in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Du
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingsong Ma
- School o f Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Huai
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianglong Zhao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songyin Gao
- Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Hebei Mental Health Center, Hebei Sixth People’s Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuming Wu
- Nantong Fourth People’s Hospital, Nantong, China,*Correspondence: Xuming Wu, ; Shengying Qin, ; Mingzhe Zhao,
| | - Shengying Qin
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xuming Wu, ; Shengying Qin, ; Mingzhe Zhao,
| | - Mingzhe Zhao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xuming Wu, ; Shengying Qin, ; Mingzhe Zhao,
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Zhang X, He D, Xiang Y, Wang C, Liang B, Li B, Qi D, Deng Q, Yu H, Lu Z, Zheng F. DYSF promotes monocyte activation in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease as a DNA methylation-driven gene. Transl Res 2022; 247:19-38. [PMID: 35460889 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dysferlin (DYSF) has drawn much attention due to its involvement in dysferlinopathy and was reported to affect monocyte functions in recent studies. However, the role of DYSF in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) and the regulation mechanism of DYSF expression have not been fully studied. In this study, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) literatures were searched to find the DNA methylation-driven genes (including DYSF) of ASCVD. The hub genes related to DYSF were also identified through weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Regulation of DYSF expression through its promoter methylation status was verified using peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) from ASCVD patients and normal controls, and experiments on THP1 cells and Apoe-/- mice. Similarly, the expressions of DYSF related hub genes, mainly contained SELL, STAT3 and TMX1, were also validated. DYSF functions were then evaluated by phagocytosis, transwell and adhesion assays in DYSF knock-down and overexpressed THP1 cells. The results showed that DYSF promoter hypermethylation up-regulated its expression in clinical samples, THP1 cells and Apoe-/- mice, confirming DYSF as a DNA methylation-driven gene. The combination of DYSF expression and methylation status in PBLs had a considerable prediction value for ASCVD. Besides, DYSF could enhance the phagocytosis, migration and adhesion ability of THP1 cells. Among DYSF related hub genes, SELL was proven to be the downstream target of DYSF by wet experiments. In conclusion, DYSF promoter hypermethylation upregulated its expression and promoted monocytes activation, which further participated in the pathogenesis of ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Dingdong He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Boyu Li
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Daoxi Qi
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qianyun Deng
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhibing Lu
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Dragic D, Chang SL, Ennour-Idrissi K, Durocher F, Severi G, Diorio C. Association between alcohol consumption and DNA methylation in blood: a systematic review of observational studies. Epigenomics 2022; 14:793-810. [PMID: 35762294 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We systematically reviewed and evaluated current literature on alcohol consumption and DNA methylation (DNAm) at the genome-wide and probe-wise level in blood of adults. Materials & methods: Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycInfo) were searched until 20 December 2020. Studies assessing the effect of alcohol dependence on DNAm were not eligible. Results: 11 cross-sectional studies were included with 88 to 9643 participants. Overall, all studies had a risk of bias criteria unclear or unmet. Epigenome-wide association studies identified between 0 and 5458 differentially methylated positions, and 15 were observed in at least four studies. Conclusion: Potential methylation markers for alcohol consumption have been identified, but further validation in large cohorts is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzevka Dragic
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Cancer Research Center, CHU de Québec Research Center, Oncology division, Quebec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome & Heredity" team, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94807, France
| | - Sue-Ling Chang
- Cancer Research Center, CHU de Québec Research Center, Oncology division, Quebec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Kaoutar Ennour-Idrissi
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Cancer Research Center, CHU de Québec Research Center, Oncology division, Quebec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Francine Durocher
- Cancer Research Center, CHU de Québec Research Center, Oncology division, Quebec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome & Heredity" team, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94807, France.,Department of Statistics, Computer Science & Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Caroline Diorio
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Cancer Research Center, CHU de Québec Research Center, Oncology division, Quebec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada.,Deschênes-Fabia Center for Breast Diseases, Saint-Sacrement Hospital, Quebec, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada
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Arbneshi T, Mustafa B, Berisha L, Hajdari A. The concentration of phthalates in toys and children's care items in Kosovo. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2021; 56:1496-1502. [PMID: 34889166 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2021.2014251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, one hundred and twenty-eight toys and children's care items available in the Kosovo market were analyzed to determine the presence of phthalates and evaluate if the analyzed samples meet the national and EU standards. Toys and children's care items were imported from twelve countries, most of them from China. Phthalates were extracted and then analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Nine phthalates were analyzed in total, of them, benzyl butyl phthalate, di-isodecyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate and di-isononyl phthalate were the most frequently detected phthalates in the analyzed samples. Phthalates were not detected only in three toys and children's care items, others contained one or more phthalates, while none of them contained all (nine) analyzed phthalates. In total, 22 analyzed toys and children's care items did not fulfill at least one of the EU standards, of these 16 were toys and children's care items intended for children under age three and designed to be placed in the mouth. Overall, our work shows that toys and children's care items that exceed EU standards for phthalates are still present in the Kosovo market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Arbneshi
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Behxhet Mustafa
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Biology, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Liridon Berisha
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Avni Hajdari
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Department of Biology, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Prishtina, Kosovo
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Li QS, Vasanthakumar A, Davis JW, Idler KB, Nho K, Waring JF, Saykin AJ. Association of peripheral blood DNA methylation level with Alzheimer's disease progression. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:191. [PMID: 34654479 PMCID: PMC8518178 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying biomarkers associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression may enable patient enrichment and improve clinical trial designs. Epigenome-wide association studies have revealed correlations between DNA methylation at cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites and AD pathology and diagnosis. Here, we report relationships between peripheral blood DNA methylation profiles measured using Infinium® MethylationEPIC BeadChip and AD progression in participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. Results The rate of cognitive decline from initial DNA sampling visit to subsequent visits was estimated by the slopes of the modified Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (mPACC; mPACCdigit and mPACCtrailsB) and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) plots using robust linear regression in cognitively normal (CN) participants and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), respectively. In addition, diagnosis conversion status was assessed using a dichotomized endpoint. Two CpG sites were significantly associated with the slope of mPACC in CN participants (P < 5.79 × 10−8 [Bonferroni correction threshold]); cg00386386 was associated with the slope of mPACCdigit, and cg09422696 annotated to RP11-661A12.5 was associated with the slope of CDR-SB. No significant CpG sites associated with diagnosis conversion status were identified. Genes involved in cognition and learning were enriched. A total of 19, 13, and 5 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with the slopes of mPACCtrailsB, mPACCdigit, and CDR-SB, respectively, were identified by both comb-p and DMRcate algorithms; these included DMRs annotated to HOXA4. Furthermore, 5 and 19 DMRs were associated with conversion status in CN and MCI participants, respectively. The most significant DMR was annotated to the AD-associated gene PM20D1 (chr1: 205,818,956 to 205,820,014 [13 probes], Sidak-corrected P = 7.74 × 10−24), which was associated with both the slope of CDR-SB and the MCI conversion status. Conclusion Candidate CpG sites and regions in peripheral blood were identified as associated with the rate of cognitive decline in participants in the ADNI cohort. While we did not identify a single CpG site with sufficient clinical utility to be used by itself due to the observed effect size, a biosignature composed of DNA methylation changes may have utility as a prognostic biomarker for AD progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01179-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqin S Li
- Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, 1125 Trenton-Harbourton Road, Titusville, NJ, 08560, USA.
| | | | - Justin W Davis
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Deng SZ, Li XY, Wang ZM, Wang JB, Han DY, Fan JH, Zhao Q, Liu H, Wang XS. Assessment of 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol safety and attractiveness to mature males of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 223:112567. [PMID: 34364125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Males of the Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) are highly attracted to, and compulsively feed, on methyl eugenol (ME). ME is converted into 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol (DMP) and (E)-coniferyl alcohol (E-CF), which are temporarily sequestered in the fly's rectal gland prior to being released at dusk. Previous research initially confirmed that DMP is a relatively strong lure to B. dorsalis males. However, the characteristics of males' response to DMP and toxicology of DMP remains largely unclear. In our study, we demonstrated that DMP was more attractive to sexually mature males than E-CF tested in laboratory bioassays. Interestingly, the responsiveness of mature males to DMP was not uniform throughout the day, eliciting the highest response during the day and dropping to a low level at night. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the olfactory responses of virgin and mated mature males to DMP. No obvious signs of toxic symptom and deaths were observed in mice during a 14-day acute oral toxicity testing. Further, toxicologically significant changes were not observed in body weight, water intake, food consumption, and absolute and relative organ weights between control and treated groups, implying DMP could be regarded as nontoxic. Lastly, the cytotoxicity data of DMP on cells showed that it exhibited no significant cytotoxicity to normal human and mouse cells. Taken together, results from both the acute and cellular toxicity experiments demonstrated the nontoxic nature of DMP. In conclusion, DMP shows promise as an effective and eco-friendly lure for B. dorsalis males, and may contribute to controlling B. dorsalis in the flied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Zhen Deng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Xin-Yang Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zi-Ming Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jun-Bo Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dan-Yang Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jia-Hao Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China.
| | - Xin-Shuai Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
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Zhu S, Wang X, Chen W, Yao J, Li Y, Fang S, Lv Y, Li X, Pan J, Liu C, Li Q, Zhang Y. Cotton DMP gene family: characterization, evolution, and expression profiles during development and stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1257-1269. [PMID: 33965485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Members of DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 679 membrane protein (DMP) gene family, a type of plant-specific membrane proteins, have been proposed to function in various physiological processes such as reproductive development and senescence in plants. Here, a total of 174 DMP genes were identified and analyzed in 16 plant species (including 58 DMPs in four cotton species). Phylogenetic analysis showed that these DMPs could be clustered into five subfamilies (I-V). 137 duplicated cotton gene pairs were identified and most duplicate events were formed by whole-genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplications. Expression analysis revealed that most of cotton DMPs were mainly expressed in the reproductive organs (the sepal, petal, pistil and anther) and the fiber of secondary cell wall stage. GhDMPs promoter regions containing the different cis-elements also showed different responses to abiotic stress. In addition, gene interaction networks showed that DMPs, as an endomembrane system, were involved in plant senescence process and flower reproductive development. We speculated GhDMP8-A/-D, GbDMP8-A/-D could be used as some candidate gene for inducing cotton haploid. This genome-wide study provides a systematic analysis of the cotton DMP gene family, and further insights towards understanding the potential functions of candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jinbo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shengtao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Youjun Lv
- Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaxuan Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jingwen Pan
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qiulin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yongshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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10
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Lochmüller H, Ramirez AN, Kakkis E. Disease monitoring programs of rare genetic diseases: transparent data sharing between academic and commercial stakeholders. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:141. [PMID: 33743771 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has recently been suggested that registries for rare neuromuscular diseases should be formed and governed exclusively by physicians and patients in an effort to limit conflicts of interest. Enacting such an approach would not only be challenging logistically and financially, but it would also exclude the involvement of sponsors, who are an integral component of drug development within the current compliance framework. Therefore, as an alternative to traditional registries, we propose the use of a better collaborative model for post-marketing follow-up that includes all stakeholders. We developed the concept of Disease Monitoring Programs (DMPs), which are designed to monitor disease manifestations over a 10-year period whether on a sponsored drug or not, and ensure consistent collection, ownership sharing and governance of data.
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11
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Fischer C, Höpner J, Hartwig S, Noutsias M, Mikolajczyk R. Participation in disease management programs and major adverse cardiac events in patients after acute myocardial infarction: a longitudinal study based on registry data. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:18. [PMID: 33407174 PMCID: PMC7788767 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases are still the main cause of death in the western world. However, diminishing mortality rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are motivating the need to investigate the process of secondary prevention after AMI. Besides cardiac rehabilitation, disease management programs (DMPs) are an important component of outpatient care after AMI in Germany. This study aims to analyze outcomes after AMI among those who participated in DMPs and cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in a region with overall increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods Based on data from a regional myocardial infarction registry and a 2-year follow-up period, we assessed the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in relation to participation in CR and DMP, risk factors for complications and individual healths well as lifestyle characteristics. Multivariable Cox regression was performed to compare survival time between participants and non-participants until an adverse event occurred. Results Of 1094 observed patients post-AMI, 272 were enrolled in a DMP. An association between DMP participation and lower hazard rates for MACE compared to non-enrollees could not be proven in the crude model (hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% confidence interval = 0.65–1.33). When adjusted for possible confounding variables, these results remained virtually unchanged (1.03; 0.72–1.48). Furthermore, smokers and obese patients showed a distinctly lower chance of DMP enrollment. In contrast, those who participated in CR showed a lower risk for MACE in crude (0.52; 0.41–0.65) and adjusted analysis (0.56; 0.44–0.71). Conclusions Participation in DMP was not associated with a lower risk of MACE, but participation in CR showed beneficial effects. Adjustment only slightly changed effect estimates in both cases, but it is still important to consider potential effects of additional confounding variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Fischer
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jens Höpner
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Saskia Hartwig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michel Noutsias
- Mid-German Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine III (KIM III), Division of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Halle, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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12
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Liang Y, Li J, He Y, Jiang Z, Shangguan W. Catalytic oxidation of dimethyl phthalate over titania-supported noble metal catalysts. J Hazard Mater 2021; 401:123274. [PMID: 32763674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are organic compounds with the boiling point ranging between 240/260 ℃ and 380/400 ℃. Detailed knowledge regarding catalytic removal of SVOCs from indoor environment is very limited as it remains challenge to explore such reaction due to the viscosity nature of target contaminants. Here, we established a facile methodology to explore the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation reaction of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), a model SVOC, over the surface of supported catalyst. DMP was found to be gradually oxidized over the surface of titania supported catalysts including palladium (Pd), platinum and ruthenium with increasing temperature. The cleavage of side chain of DMP occurs at 75 ℃ over the surface of Pd/TiO2, which is significantly lower than that of the other two catalysts. Carbon dioxide was observed as the main product of the catalytic oxidation reaction. However, aromatic products and small molecule products were still observed as side-product in different temperature range. Density functional theory calculations further show that DMP can react with reactive oxygen species to form phthalic acid. While the cleavage of the DMP side chain occurs to form products such as methyl benzoate. This work thus provides basic knowledge about indoor SVOCs catalytic oxidation removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liang
- Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yaoyu He
- Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wenfeng Shangguan
- Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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13
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Kirsch F, Becker C, Kurz C, Schwettmann L, Schramm A. Effects of adherence to pharmacological secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction on health care costs - an analysis of real-world data. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:1145. [PMID: 33342431 PMCID: PMC7751107 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), a major source of morbidity and mortality, is also associated with excess costs. Findings from previous studies were divergent regarding the effect on health care expenditure of adherence to guideline-recommended medication. However, gender-specific medication effectiveness, correlating the effectiveness of concomitant medication and variation in adherence over time, has not yet been considered. Methods We aim to measure the effect of adherence on health care expenditures stratified by gender from a third-party payer’s perspective in a sample of statutory insured Disease Management Program participants over a follow-up period of 3-years. In 3627 AMI patients, the proportion of days covered (PDC) for four guideline-recommended medications was calculated. A generalized additive mixed model was used, taking into account inter-individual effects (mean PDC rate) and intra-individual effects (deviation from the mean PDC rate). Results Regarding inter-individual effects, for both sexes only anti-platelet agents had a significant negative influence indicating that higher mean PDC rates lead to higher costs. With respect to intra-individual effects, for females higher deviations from the mean PDC rate for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, anti-platelet agents, and statins were associated with higher costs. Furthermore, for males, an increasing positive deviation from the PDC mean increases costs for β-blockers and a negative deviation decreases costs. For anti-platelet agents, an increasing deviation from the PDC-mean slightly increases costs. Conclusion Positive and negative deviation from the mean PDC rate, independent of how high the mean was, usually negatively affect health care expenditures. Therefore, continuity in intake of guideline-recommended medication is important to save costs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-020-05946-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kirsch
- Munich School of Management, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Ludwigstraße 28 1, 80539, Munich, Germany. .,Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, HelmholtzZentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Christian Becker
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, HelmholtzZentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Kurz
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, HelmholtzZentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lars Schwettmann
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, HelmholtzZentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anja Schramm
- AOK Bayern, Service Center of Health Care Management, Regensburg, Germany
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14
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Wang Y, Zhang M, Hu X, Qin W, Wu H, Wei M. Colon cancer-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers based on genome-wide abnormal DNA methylation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22626-22655. [PMID: 33202377 PMCID: PMC7746390 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal DNA methylation is a major early contributor to colon cancer (COAD) development. We conducted a cohort-based systematic investigation of genome-wide DNA methylation using 299 COAD and 38 normal tissue samples from TCGA. Through conditional screening and machine learning with a training cohort, we identified one hypomethylated and nine hypermethylated differentially methylated CpG sites as potential diagnostic biomarkers, and used them to construct a COAD-specific diagnostic model. Unlike previous models, our model precisely distinguished COAD from nine other cancer types (e.g., breast cancer and liver cancer; error rate ≤ 0.05) and from normal tissues in the training cohort (AUC = 1). The diagnostic model was verified using a validation cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (AUC = 1) and five independent cohorts from the Gene Expression Omnibus (AUC ≥ 0.951). Using Cox regression analyses, we established a prognostic model based on six CpG sites in the training cohort, and verified the model in the validation cohort. The prognostic model sensitively predicted patients’ survival (p ≤ 0.00011, AUC ≥ 0.792) independently of important clinicopathological characteristics of COAD (e.g., gender and age). Thus, our DNA methylation analysis provided precise biomarkers and models for the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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15
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Li QS, Sun Y, Wang T. Epigenome-wide association study of Alzheimer's disease replicates 22 differentially methylated positions and 30 differentially methylated regions. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:149. [PMID: 33069246 PMCID: PMC7568396 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence shows that epigenetic modifications play a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) to evaluate the DNA methylation differences using postmortem superior temporal gyrus (STG) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) samples. RESULTS Samples from 72 AD patients and 62 age-matched cognitively normal controls were assayed using Illumina© Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Five and 14 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with pathology (i.e., Braak stage) with p value less than Bonferroni correction threshold of 6.79 × 10-8 in the STG and IFG were identified, respectively. These cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites included promoter associated cg26263477 annotated to ABCA7 in the STG (p = 1.21 × 10-11), and cg14058329 annotated to the HOXA5/HOXA3/HOXA-AS3 gene cluster (p = 1.62 × 10-9) and cg09448088 (p = 3.95 × 10-9) annotated to MCF2L in the IFG. These genes were previously reported to harbor DMPs and/or differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Previously reported DMPs annotated to RMGA, GNG7, HOXA3, GPR56, SPG7, PCNT, RP11-961A15.1, MCF2L, RHBDF2, ANK1, PCNT, TPRG1, and RASGEF1C were replicated (p < 0.0001). One hundred twenty-one and 173 DMRs associated with pathology in the STG and IFG, respectively, were additionally identified. Of these, DMRs annotated to 30 unique genes were also identified as significant DMRs in the same brain region in a recent meta-analysis, while additional DMRs annotated to 12 genes were reported as DMRs in a different brain region or in a cross-cortex meta-analysis. The significant DMRs were enriched in promoters, CpG islands, and exons in the genome. Gene set enrichment analysis of DMPs and DMRs showed that gene sets involved in neuroinflammation (e.g., microglia differentiation), neurogenesis, and cognition were enriched (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Twenty-two DMPs and 30 DMRs associated with pathology were replicated, and novel DMPs and DMRs were discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqin S Li
- Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1125 Trenton-Harbourton Road, Titusville, NJ, 08560, USA.
| | - Yu Sun
- Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1125 Trenton-Harbourton Road, Titusville, NJ, 08560, USA
- Discovery Science, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Tania Wang
- AccuraScience, LLC, Johnston, IA, USA
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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16
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Heravi MM, Momeni T, Zadsirjan V, Mohammadi L. Application of The Dess-Martin Oxidation in Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Curr Org Synth 2020; 18:125-196. [PMID: 32940184 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200917102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dess-Martin periodinane (DMP), a commercially available chemical, is frequently utilized as a mild oxidative agent for the selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones, respectively. DMP shows several merits over other common oxidative agents such as chromiumand DMSO-based oxidants; thus, it is habitually employed in the total synthesis of natural products. In this review, we try to underscore the applications of DMP as an effective oxidant in an appropriate step (steps) in the multi-step total synthesis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebe Momeni
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, POBox 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Korodi M, Rákosi K, Baibarac M, Fejer SN. Reusable on-plate immunoprecipitation method with covalently immobilized antibodies on a protein G covered microtiter plate. J Immunol Methods 2020; 483:112812. [PMID: 32569597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Covalent immobilization of antibodies to protein G beads is a basic molecular biology method, although the beads present poor recovery results. Our aim was to reuse the immobilized antibody-protein G complex on a very small scale, therefore we optimized the crosslinking procedure to be used on the wells of a standard 96-well microplate. The method used involves the affinity binding of the antibody to the protein G surface, followed by the immobilization step using different crosslinking reagents, DMP and BS3, quenching the crosslinking reaction, and binding the antibody-specific antigen. By scaling down the procedure, we were able to reuse the anti-EGFR crosslinked wells more than 20 times. This method can be used to perform assays on a wide range of solid supports containing the protein G in an immobilized form, including functionalized nanosensors, for immunoprecipitation, protein and cell lysate purification, target protein enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Korodi
- Pro-Vitam Ltd., Muncitorilor Street 16, RO-520032 Sfantu Gheorghe, Romania; University of Pécs, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjúság Street 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kinga Rákosi
- Pro-Vitam Ltd., Muncitorilor Street 16, RO-520032 Sfantu Gheorghe, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baibarac
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Laboratory of Optical Processes in Nanostructured Materials, Atomistilor street 405A, P.O.Box MG-7, R077125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Szilard N Fejer
- Pro-Vitam Ltd., Muncitorilor Street 16, RO-520032 Sfantu Gheorghe, Romania; University of Pécs, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjúság Street 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
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18
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Ding J, Dong L, Geng Y, Huang H, Zhao G, Jiang J, Qiu S, Yuan Y, Zhao Q. Modification of graphite felt doped with nitrogen and boron for enhanced removal of dimethyl phthalate in peroxi-coagulation system and mechanisms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:18810-18821. [PMID: 32207015 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a modified graphite felt cathode doped with nitrogen and boron was developed and used in peroxi-coagulation system to degrade dimethyl phthalate (DMP). After a simple modification method, the yield of H2O2 on cathode increased from 9.39 to 152.8 mg/L, with current efficiency increased from 1.61 to 70.3%. Complete degradation of DMP and 80% removal of TOC were achieved within 2 h at the optimal condition with pH of 5, cathodic potential of - 0.69 V (vs. SCE), oxygen aeration, and electrode gap of 1 cm. Possible mechanism with synergistic effect of electro-Fenton and electrocoagulation process in the peroxi-coagulation system was revealed via quenching experiments. The prospect of this system in the effluent of landfill leachate and domestic sewage was studied, achieving 50% and 61% of DMP removal in 2 h. This efficient system with simple modified cathode had promising prospects in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Langang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yuxuan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Huibin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Guanshu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Junqiu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yixing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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19
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Cong B, Liu C, Wang L, Chai Y. The Impact on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Related Gene Expression Following Adult Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Exposure to Dimethyl Phthalate. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040717. [PMID: 32325949 PMCID: PMC7222705 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is a widespread environmental contaminant and its toxicological effects on fish have not been adequately examined. Our present study clearly showed that a high concentration induced oxidative damage in zebrafish, which proved the molecular regulation due to the negative effects of DMP, along with the physical damage in zebrafish. We also found that antioxidant enzymes might be used as appropriate biochemical markers for the toxic identification of DMP. Abstract Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is a widespread environmental contaminant that poses potential toxicity risks for animals and humans. However, the toxicological effects of DMP on fish have not been adequately examined. In this study, the acute toxicity, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities, and relative gene expression patterns were investigated in the liver of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to DMP. We found that the lethal concentration (LC50) of DMP for zebrafish after 96 h of exposure was 45.8 mg/L. The zebrafish that were exposed to low, medium and high concentrations of DMP (0.5, 4.6, and 22.9 mg/L, respectively) for 96 h had an increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and a lower antioxidant capacity compared with the control solvent group. The total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly higher than 0 h after initial exposure for 24 h at low concentrations, and then decreased at high concentrations after exposure for 96 h. The catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were significantly reduced after 96 h of exposure to high concentrations of DMP, with the up- or down-regulation of the related transcriptional expression. These findings indicated that DMP could cause physiological effects in zebrafish by disturbing the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes. These results might contribute to the identification of biomarkers to monitor phthalate pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailin Cong
- The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China;
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Marine Science, Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China; (C.L.); (L.W.)
| | - Lujie Wang
- Department of Marine Science, Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China; (C.L.); (L.W.)
| | - Yingmei Chai
- Department of Marine Science, Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China; (C.L.); (L.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-631-5688303
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20
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Badi MY, Esrafili A, Pasalari H, Kalantary RR, Ahmadi E, Gholami M, Azari A. Degradation of dimethyl phthalate using persulfate activated by UV and ferrous ions: optimizing operational parameters mechanism and pathway. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2019; 17:685-700. [PMID: 32030143 PMCID: PMC6985424 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-019-00384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to model and optimize the dimethyl phthalate (DMP) degradation from aqueous solution using UVC/ Na2S2O8/Fe2+ system based on the response surface methodology (RSM). A high removal efficiency (97%) and TOC reduction (64.2%) were obtained under optimum conditions i.e. contact time = 90 min, SPS concentration = 0.601 mM/L, Fe2+ = 0.075 mM/L, pH = 11 and DMP concentration = 5 mg/L. Quenching experiments confirmed that sulfate radicals were predominant radical species for DMP degradation. The effect of CO3 - on DMP degradation was more complicated than other aquatic background anions. The possible pathway for DMP decomposition was proposed according to HPLC and GC-MS analysis. The average oxidation state (AOS) and carbon oxidation state (COS) values as biodegradability indicators demonstrated that the UVC/SPS/Fe2+ system can improve the bioavailability of DMP over the time. Finally, the performance of UVC/SPS/Fe2+ system for DMP treatment in different aquatic solutions: tap water, surface runoff, treated and raw wastewater were found to be 95.7, 88.5, 80.5, and 56.4%, respectively. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Yegane Badi
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Pasalari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Azari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Kirsch F, Schramm A, Schwarzkopf L, Lutter JI, Szentes B, Huber M, Leidl R. Direct and indirect costs of COPD progression and its comorbidities in a structured disease management program: results from the LQ- DMP study. Respir Res 2019; 20:215. [PMID: 31601216 PMCID: PMC6785905 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence on the economic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for third-party payers and society based on large real world datasets are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the economic impact of COPD severity and its comorbidities, stratified by GOLD grade, on direct and indirect costs for an unselected population enrolled in the structured German Disease Management Program (DMP) for COPD. Methods All individuals enrolled in the DMP COPD were included in the analysis. Patients were only excluded if they were not insured or not enrolled in the DMP COPD the complete year before the last DMP documentation (at physician visit), had a missing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) measurement or other missing values in covariates. The final dataset included 39,307 patients in GOLD grade 1 to 4. We used multiple generalized linear models to analyze the association of COPD severity with direct and indirect costs, while adjusting for sex, age, income, smoking status, body mass index, and comorbidities. Results More severe COPD was significantly associated with higher healthcare utilization, work absence, and premature retirement. Adjusted annual costs for GOLD grade 1 to 4 amounted to €3809 [€3691–€3935], €4284 [€4176–€4394], €5548 [€5328–€5774], and €8309 [€7583-9065] for direct costs, and €11,784 [€11,257–€12,318], €12,985 [€12,531-13,443], €15,805 [€15,034–€16,584], and €19,402 [€17,853–€21,017] for indirect costs. Comorbidities had significant additional effects on direct and indirect costs with factors ranging from 1.19 (arthritis) to 1.51 (myocardial infarction) in direct and from 1.16 (myocardial infarction) to 1.27 (cancer) in indirect costs. Conclusion The findings indicate that more severe GOLD grades in an unselected COPD population enrolled in a structured DMP are associated with tremendous additional direct and indirect costs, with comorbidities significantly increase costs. In direct cost category hospitalization and in indirect cost category premature retirement were the main cost driver. From a societal perspective prevention and interventions focusing on disease control, and slowing down disease progression and strengthening the ability to work would be beneficial in order to realize cost savings in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kirsch
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Munich School of Management and Munich Center of Health Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.
| | - Anja Schramm
- AOK Bayern, Service Center of Health Care Management, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Schwarzkopf
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Coprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanna I Lutter
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Coprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Hannover, Germany
| | - Boglárka Szentes
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Coprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Hannover, Germany
| | - Manuel Huber
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Reiner Leidl
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Munich School of Management and Munich Center of Health Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
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22
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Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) continues to be a substantial healthcare burden, and the changing disease profile raises new challenges in CDI management, both in clinical settings and in the community. CDI is transmitted by spores, which are formed by a subset of the cell population where an asymmetric septum is formed. A full copy of the chromosome is transported into the smaller compartment which is then engulfed by the mother cell. After engulfment, multiple metabolic and morphological changes occur, eventually resulting in the release of the mature spore. Whilst studies in the model organism Bacillus subtilis have demonstrated the importance of the DMP and Q:AH machineries in engulfment, it is becoming clear that there are fundamental differences in the way the two organisms organise these machineries. As spores are the infectious agent in CDI, it is crucial to understand how these dormant cells are formed, and how sporulation can be prevented or disrupted with the view of reducing CDI. Here, we review the current literature on the DMP and Q:AH machineries in C. difficile, and how they compare and contrast to those of B. subtilis. Overview of the DMP and Q:AH engulfment machineries in C. difficile. Analyses of the conservation of DMP across Bacilli, Clostridia and other bacteria. Proposes a multi-protein complex required for engulfment: the engulfasome. Highlights differential arrangements of engulfasome in B. subtilis and C. difficile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Kelly
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paula S Salgado
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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23
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Bächli K, Schmidlin PR, Wegehaupt F, Paqué F, Ramenzoni L, Botter S. Remineralization of Artificial Dentin Caries Using Dentin and Enamel Matrix Proteins. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E2116. [PMID: 31266157 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To assess the remineralizing potential of dentin matrix proteins and enamel matrix derivatives (DMPs and EMDs) after application on artificially induced dentin lesions, given the hypothesis that these materials increase the mineral uptake, binding, and mineralization. Forty-eight caries-free human premolars were used. Teeth were cut, polished, and embedded, leaving an open window on the root surface, of which one-third was covered with a flowable composite to preserve the healthy untreated dentin. Then, samples were demineralized in Buskes solution for 33 days. A micro-CT scan prior to treatment was performed. Next, the samples were randomly allocated into four groups: (A) An untreated negative control (CON), (B) application of porcine dentin matrix proteins (DMP), (C) treatment with enamel matrix derivatives (EMD, Emdogain, Straumann), and (D) amine fluoride application (AMF, Elmex fluid, GABA). All samples were placed in artificial saliva for 21 days. A second micro-CT scan was performed, after which the change in gray scaling within a defined region of interest (0.25 mm3) was analyzed. ANCOVA was applied to discover statistical differences between the different treatments. Both, treatment with AMF; (P = 0.011 versus CON) as well as with DMP (P = 0.043 versus CON) yielded a statistically significant difference compared to the control treatment. EMD treatment was not found to differ (P > 0.05). Mainly the top layer of the defects showed clear signs of remineralization, which was also evident in CON. This study was able to visually confirm the remineralization potential of demineralized dentin especially after DMP application, which, however, did not outperform AMF. Based on this, additional studies combining proteins and fluorides are now warranted and ongoing.
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Yu L, Wang L, Zhao Y, Wang B. Identification and Dissipation of Omethoate and Its Main Metabolite DMP in Wheat Determined by UPLC-QTOF/MS. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:5891-5898. [PMID: 31059246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the dissipation kinetics of field-applied omethoate during wheat storage. Both the identification and metabolic dynamics of omethoate metabolites were analyzed using UPLC-QTOF/MS. The presence of the metabolite dimethyl phosphate (DMP) was confirmed in wheat samples with applied omethoate. This might be because the group attached to the P atom of omethoate is replaced by a hydroxyl group through hydrolysis, thus leading to the formation of the specific metabolite DMP during wheat storage. Although the initial concentrations of DMP in different doses were considerably lower than those of omethoate, the half-life values of DMP were 11.87-31.50 days, which were close to the half-life of the parent omethoate (11.85-30.94 days). This indicates that potential health risks might be caused by dietary exposure to DMP and omethoate. Therefore, more importance should be given to the risk assessment for omethoate and its metabolite DMP in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
| | - Lina Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
| | - Bujun Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
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25
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Liu Y, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Mao S, Wu D, Chu H. Highly efficient degradation of dimethyl phthalate from Cu(II) and dimethyl phthalate wastewater by EDTA enhanced ozonation: Performance, intermediates and mechanism. J Hazard Mater 2019; 366:378-385. [PMID: 30544039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the presence of Cu(II) ions was found for the first time to severely inhibit +-dimethyl phthalate (DMP) degradation by ozone due to the formation of the stable complex Cu(II)-DMP. However, 100% DMP removal was rapidly reached when ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) was added with a Cu(II)/EDTA molar ratio of 3:1. Subsequent studies indicated that Cu(II)-DMP is sequestrated by EDTA, then DMP was degraded and Cu(II) was removed by precipitation. The freshly formed Cu-EDTA2- and organic nitrogen intermediates further decomposed O3 into OH, which induced to the rapid degradation of DMP. The kobs of Cu-EDTA/O3 were 9-10 times greater than the kobs of DMP removed by ozonation alone within 10 min. The reaction mechanism involved a OH generation was proposed. The OH and O2- are generated from the rapid reaction between ozone and EDTA. Acting as a more strongly negative species, the specific Cu(II) in Cu-EDTA complexes is more inclined to react with O2- to give Cu(I), accelerating the forward reaction to produce more OH. The synergistic removal of DMP and Cu(II) can be achieved after reaction. Therefore, this study provides an effective method to dispose metal ion and organic pollutant wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Enviornmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Guangdong, 523808, PR China
| | - Shun Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Deli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Huaqiang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, Shanghai, PR China
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26
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Loughery B, Starkschall G, Hendrickson K, Prisciandaro J, Clark B, Fullerton G, Ibbott G, Jackson E, Burmeister J. Navigating the medical physics education and training landscape. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2018; 18:275-287. [PMID: 29125231 PMCID: PMC5689917 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The education and training landscape has been profoundly reshaped by the ABR 2012/2014 initiative and the MedPhys Match. This work quantifies these changes and summarizes available reports, surveys, and statistics on education and training. Methods We evaluate data from CAMPEP‐accredited program websites, annual CAMPEP graduate and residency program reports, and surveys on the MedPhys Match and Professional Doctorate degree (DMP). Results From 2009–2015, the number of graduates from CAMPEP‐accredited graduate programs rose from 210 to 332, while CAMPEP‐accredited residency positions rose from 60 to 134. We estimate that approximately 60% of graduates of CAMPEP‐accredited graduate programs intend to enter clinical practice, however, only 36% of graduates were successful in acquiring a residency position in 2015. The maximum residency placement percentage for a graduate program is 70%, while the median for all programs is only 22%. Overall residency placement percentage for CAMPEP‐accredited program graduates from 2011–2015 was approximately 38% and 25% for those with a PhD and MS, respectively. The disparity between the number of clinically oriented graduates and available residency positions is perceived as a significant problem by over 70% of MedPhys Match participants responding to a post‐match survey. Approximately 32% of these respondents indicated that prior knowledge of this situation would have changed their decision to pursue graduate education in medical physics. Conclusion These data reveal a substantial disparity between the number of residency training positions and graduate students interested in these positions, and a substantial variability in residency placement percentage across graduate programs. Comprehensive data regarding current and projected supply and demand within the medical physics workforce are needed for perspective on these numbers. While the long‐term effects of changes in the education and training infrastructure are still unclear, available survey data suggest that these changes could negatively affect potential entrants to the profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Loughery
- Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Oncology, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - George Starkschall
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Radiation Physics, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Brenda Clark
- University of Ottawa, Radiology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Fullerton
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Radiology, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Geoffrey Ibbott
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Radiation Physics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edward Jackson
- University of Wisconsin, Medical Physics, Madison, MI, USA
| | - Jay Burmeister
- Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Oncology, Detroit, MI, USA
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27
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Vollmer AL, Hemion NJ. A User Study on Robot Skill Learning Without a Cost Function: Optimization of Dynamic Movement Primitives via Naive User Feedback. Front Robot AI 2018; 5:77. [PMID: 33500956 PMCID: PMC7805866 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2018.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enabling users to teach their robots new tasks at home is a major challenge for research in personal robotics. This work presents a user study in which participants were asked to teach the robot Pepper a game of skill. The robot was equipped with a state-of-the-art skill learning method, based on dynamic movement primitives (DMPs). The only feedback participants could give was a discrete rating after each of Pepper's movement executions (“very good,” “good,” “average,” “not so good,” “not good at all”). We compare the learning performance of the robot when applying user-provided feedback with a version of the learning where an objectively determined cost via hand-coded cost function and external tracking system is applied. Our findings suggest that (a) an intuitive graphical user interface for providing discrete feedback can be used for robot learning of complex movement skills when using DMP-based optimization, making the tedious definition of a cost function obsolete; and (b) un-experienced users with no knowledge about the learning algorithm naturally tend to apply a working rating strategy, leading to similar learning performance as when using the objectively determined cost. We discuss insights about difficulties when learning from user provided feedback, and make suggestions how learning continuous movement skills from non-expert humans could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lisa Vollmer
- Applied Informatics Group, Cluster of Excellence Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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28
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Paluselli A, Fauvelle V, Schmidt N, Galgani F, Net S, Sempéré R. Distribution of phthalates in Marseille Bay (NW Mediterranean Sea). Sci Total Environ 2018; 621:578-587. [PMID: 29195205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) are a group of emerging organic contaminants that have become a serious issue because of their ubiquitous presence and hazardous impact on the marine environment worldwide. Seawater samples were collected monthly from December 2013 to November 2014 in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (Marseille Bay). The samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as well as the molecular distribution of dissolved PAEs by using solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses. The results demonstrated the occurrence of six PAEs, including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), with total concentrations ranging from 130 to 1330ngL-1 (av. 522ngL-1). In Marseille Bay, the highest concentrations were detected in the bottom water from June to November 2014 and in the whole water column during the winter mixing period. This result suggests that resuspension of PAE-rich sediment, in relation to the accumulation of plastic debris above the seabed, or the higher degradation rate in the upper layer of the water column, plays a significant role in the PAE dynamics in coastal water. DEHP was the most abundant PAE in all of the surface samples and the summer bottom samples, followed by DiBP and DnBP, which also represent the largest fractions in the other bottom samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Paluselli
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Fauvelle
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Natascha Schmidt
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - François Galgani
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources, Provence Azur Corse (LER/PAC), Ifremer Centre de Méditerranée, ZP de Bregaillon, La Seyne sur Mer, France
| | - Sopheak Net
- Université de Lille, Laboratoire LASIR, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Richard Sempéré
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France.
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29
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Mandaviya PR, Aïssi D, Dekkers KF, Joehanes R, Kasela S, Truong V, Stolk L, Heemst DV, Ikram MA, Lindemans J, Slagboom PE, Trégouët DA, Uitterlinden AG, Wei C, Wells P, Gagnon F, van Greevenbroek MM, Heijmans BT, Milani L, Morange PE, van Meurs JB, Heil SG. Homocysteine levels associate with subtle changes in leukocyte DNA methylation: an epigenome-wide analysis. Epigenomics 2017; 9:1403-1422. [PMID: 28990796 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sensitive marker of one-carbon metabolism. Higher Hcy levels have been associated with global DNA hypomethylation. We investigated the association between plasma Hcy and epigenome-wide DNA methylation in leukocytes. METHODS Methylation was measured using Illumina 450 k arrays in 2035 individuals from six cohorts. Hcy-associated differentially methylated positions and regions were identified using meta-analysis. RESULTS Three differentially methylated positions cg21607669 (SLC27A1), cg26382848 (AJUBA) and cg10701000 (KCNMA1) at chromosome 19, 14 and 10, respectively, were significantly associated with Hcy. In addition, we identified 68 Hcy-associated differentially methylated regions, the most significant of which was a 1.8-kb spanning domain (TNXB/ATF6B) at chromosome 6. CONCLUSION We identified novel epigenetic loci associated with Hcy levels, of which specific role needs to be further validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja R Mandaviya
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France.,ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism & Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Koen F Dekkers
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics & Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Silva Kasela
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vinh Truong
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisette Stolk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology & Geriatrics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Lindemans
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics & Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France.,ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism & Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chen Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Phil Wells
- Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marleen Mj van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine & School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics & Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1062, Nutrition Obesity & Risk of Thrombosis, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Joyce Bj van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra G Heil
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Wiefarn S, Heumann C, Rettelbach A, Kostev K. Risk of Nonfatal Stroke in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Retrospective Comparison Between Disease Management Programs and Standard Care. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2017; 11:808-813. [PMID: 28300432 PMCID: PMC5588831 DOI: 10.1177/1932296817691304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present retrospective study examines the influence of disease management programs on nonfatal stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Germany. METHODS The evaluation is based on retrospective patient data from the Disease Analyzer (IMS Health). The analysis included 169 414 T2DM patients aged 40 years and older with an initial prescription of antihyperglycemic therapy between January 2004 and December 2014. A total of 86 713 patients participated in a disease management program (DMP) for T2DM and 82 701 patients received standard care. The main outcome measure of this study was nonfatal stroke. Kaplan-Meier curves of DMP and SC patients were compared using log rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to provide an adjusted estimate of the DMP effect. RESULTS It is apparent from the baseline characteristics that the general health of patients receiving standard care was poorer than that of patients participating in a DMP. The baseline HbA1c value was 7.6% in the DMP group and 7.8% in the SC group. Furthermore, the SC group had a higher proportion of preexisting conditions, such as coronary heart disease (CHD), peripheral arterial occlusive disease (pAOD), and renal insufficiency. The proportion of patients who received insulin in first year therapy was higher in the SC group. Time to event analysis showed that DMP was associated with a delayed occurrence of stroke, because stroke occurred an average of 350 days later in DMP patients than in patients receiving SC (DMP: 1.216 days, RV: 866 days). The Cox model with covariable adjustment confirmed the significant association of DMPs with nonfatal stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (HR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.69-0.74). CONCLUSION The present study indicates that DMPs are positively associated with stroke. The possible reasons for this must be verified in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wiefarn
- 1 Business Analytics, MSD Sharp und Dohme, Haar, Germany
| | - Christian Heumann
- 2 Institut für Statistik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to analyze the impact of disease management programs on HbA1c values in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Germany. METHODS This study included 9017 patients followed in disease management programs (DMPs) who started an antihyperglycemic treatment upon inclusion in a DMP. Standard care (SC) patients were included after individual matching (1:1) to DMP cases based on age, gender, physician (diabetologist versus nondiabetologist care), HbA1c values at baseline, and index year. The main outcome was the share of patients with HbA1c <7.5% or 6.5% after at least 6 months and less than 12 months of therapy in DMP and SC groups. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with HbA1c level as a dependent variable and the potential predictor (DMP versus SC). RESULTS The mean age was 64.3 years and 54.7% of the patients were men. The mean HbA1c level at baseline was equal to 8.7%. In diabetologist practices, 64.7% of DMP patients and 55.1% of SC patients had HbA1c levels <7.5%, while 23.4% of DMP patients and 16.9% of SC patients had HbA1c levels <6.5% ( P values < .001). By comparison, in general practices, 72.4% of DMP patients and 65.7% of SC patients had HbA1c levels <7.5%, while 29.0% of DMP patients and 25.4% of SC patients had HbA1c levels <6.5% ( P values < .001). DMPs increased the likelihood of HbA1c levels lower than 7.5% or 6.5% after 6 months of therapy in both diabetologist and general care practices. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that the enrollment of T2DM patients in DMPs has a positive impact on HbA1c values in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Kostev
- IMS Health, Frankfurt, Germany
- Karel Kostev, DMSc, PhD, IMS Health, Epidemiology, Darmstädter Landstraße 1089, 60598 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | | | - Louis Jacob
- Department of Biology, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Kirsch F. Economic Evaluations of Multicomponent Disease Management Programs with Markov Models: A Systematic Review. Value Health 2016; 19:1039-1054. [PMID: 27987631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease management programs (DMPs) for chronic diseases are being increasingly implemented worldwide. OBJECTIVES To present a systematic overview of the economic effects of DMPs with Markov models. The quality of the models is assessed, the method by which the DMP intervention is incorporated into the model is examined, and the differences in the structure and data used in the models are considered. METHODS A literature search was conducted; the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed to ensure systematic selection of the articles. Study characteristics e.g. results, the intensity of the DMP and usual care, model design, time horizon, discount rates, utility measures, and cost-of-illness were extracted from the reviewed studies. Model quality was assessed by two researchers with two different appraisals: one proposed by Philips et al. (Good practice guidelines for decision-analytic modelling in health technology assessment: a review and consolidation of quality asessment. Pharmacoeconomics 2006;24:355-71) and the other proposed by Caro et al. (Questionnaire to assess relevance and credibility of modeling studies for informing health care decision making: an ISPOR-AMCP-NPC Good Practice Task Force report. Value Health 2014;17:174-82). RESULTS A total of 16 studies (9 on chronic heart disease, 2 on asthma, and 5 on diabetes) met the inclusion criteria. Five studies reported cost savings and 11 studies reported additional costs. In the quality, the overall score of the models ranged from 39% to 65%, it ranged from 34% to 52%. Eleven models integrated effectiveness derived from a clinical trial or a meta-analysis of complete DMPs and only five models combined intervention effects from different sources into a DMP. The main limitations of the models are bad reporting practice and the variation in the selection of input parameters. CONCLUSIONS Eleven of the 14 studies reported cost-effectiveness results of less than $30,000 per quality-adjusted life-year and the remaining two studies less than $30,000 per life-year gained. Nevertheless, if the reporting and selection of data problems are addressed, then Markov models should provide more reliable information for decision makers, because understanding under what circumstances a DMP is cost-effective is an important determinant of efficient resource allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kirsch
- Munich School of Management and Munich Center of Health Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Institute for Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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Abstract
Congenital heart malformations are the most common type of defects found at birth. About 1% of infants are born with one or more heart defect on a yearly basis. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) causes more deaths in the first year of life than any other congenital abnormality, and each year, nearly twice as many children die in the United States from CHD as from all forms of childhood cancers combined. Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) are congenital heart malformations affecting approximately 1 in 2000 live births. Babies born with an AVSD often require surgical intervention shortly after birth. However, even after successful surgery, these individuals typically have to deal with lifelong complications with the most common being a leaky mitral valve. In recent years the understanding of the molecular etiology and morphological mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of AVSDs has significantly changed. Specifically, these studies have linked abnormal development of the Dorsal Mesenchymal Protrusion (DMP), a Second Heart Field-derived structure, to the development of this congenital defect. In this review we will be discuss some of the latest insights into the role of the DMP in the normal formation of the atrioventricular septal complex and in the pathogenesis of AVSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Burns
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
| | - Yanping Yang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shanxi Medical University, No 56 Xin Jian Nan Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Emilye Hiriart
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
| | - Andy Wessels
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-843-792-8183
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Jo BS, Koh IU, Bae JB, Yu HY, Jeon ES, Lee HY, Kim JJ, Choi M, Choi SS. Data of methylome and transcriptome derived from human dilated cardiomyopathy. Data Brief 2016; 9:382-7. [PMID: 27699191 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in DNA methylation and gene expression have been implicated in the development of human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the left ventricle (LV, a pathological locus for DCM) and the right ventricle (RV, a proxy for normal hearts). The data in this DiB are for supporting our report entitled "Methylome analysis reveals alterations in DNA methylation in the regulatory regions of left ventricle development genes in human dilated cardiomyopathy" (Bong-Seok Jo, In-Uk Koh, Jae-Bum Bae, Ho-Yeong Yu, Eun-Seok Jeon, Hae-Young Lee, Jae-Joong Kim, Murim Choi, Sun Shim Choi, 2016) [1].
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Sun X, Wang L, Du N, Tao Y, Sun G, Erinle KO, Wang P, Zhou C, Duan S. Effect of dimethyl phthalate ( DMP) on germination, antioxidant system, and chloroplast ultrastructure in Cucumis sativus L. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:1183-1192. [PMID: 26631021 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of agricultural soils caused by widely employed plastic products, such as phthalic acid esters (PAEs), are becoming widespread in China, and they have become a threat to human health and the environment. However, little information is available on the influence of PAEs on vegetable crops. In this study, effects of different dimethyl phthalate (DMP) treatments (0, 30, 50, 100, and 200 mg L(-1)) on seed germination and growth of cucumber seedlings were investigated. Although germination rate showed no significant difference compared to control, seed germination time was significantly delayed at DMP greater than 50 mg L(-1). Concentrations of DMP greater than 30 mg L(-1) reduced cucumber lateral root length and number. The measurement of five physiological indexes in cucumber leaves with increasing DMP concentration revealed a decrease in leaf chlorophyll content, while proline and H2O2 contents increased. Peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities increased in cucumber plants under 30 and 50 mg L(-1) DMP treatments compared to control; while after a 7-day treatment, these activities were seriously reduced under 100 and 200 mg L(-1) DMP treatments. According to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographic images, the control and 30 mg L(-1) DMP treatments caused no change to leaf chloroplast shape with well-structured thylakoid membrane and parallel pattern of lamellae. At concentrations higher than 30 mg L(-1), DMP altered the ultrastructure of chloroplast, damaged membrane structure, disordered the lamellae, and increased the number and volume of starch grains. Moreover, the envelope of starch grains began to degrade under 200 mg L(-1) DMP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xin Sun
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Na Du
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Kehinde O Erinle
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Changjian Zhou
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuwei Duan
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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Das NG, Dhiman S, Talukdar PK, Rabha B, Goswami D, Veer V. Synergistic mosquito-repellent activity of Curcuma longa, Pogostemon heyneanus and Zanthoxylum limonella essential oils. J Infect Public Health 2015; 8:323-8. [PMID: 25817806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito repellents play an important role in preventing man-mosquito contact. In the present study, we evaluated the synergistic mosquito-repellent activity of Curcuma longa, Pogostemon heyneanus and Zanthoxylum limonella essential oils. The mosquito repellent efficacies of three essential oils were evaluated separately and in combination under laboratory and field conditions. N,N-Diethylphenylacetamide (DEPA) and dimethylphthalate (DMP) were used for comparison of the protection time of the mixture of essential oils. At an optimum concentration of 20%, the essential oils of C. longa, Z. limonella and P. heyneanus provided complete protection times (CPTs) of 96.2, 91.4 and 123.4 min, respectively, against Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in the laboratory. The 1:1:2 mixture of the essential oils provided 329.4 and 391.0 min of CPT in the laboratory and field trials, respectively. The percent increases in CPTs for the essential oil mixture were 30 for DMP and 55 for N,N-diethylphenylacetamide (DEPA). The synergistic repellent activity of the essential oils used in the present study might be useful for developing safer alternatives to synthetic repellents for personal protection against mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Das
- Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784 001, Assam, India
| | - Sunil Dhiman
- Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784 001, Assam, India.
| | - P K Talukdar
- Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784 001, Assam, India
| | - Bipul Rabha
- Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784 001, Assam, India
| | | | - Vijay Veer
- Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784 001, Assam, India
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Luo Y, Guo W, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD, Hai FI, Zhang J, Liang S, Wang XC. A review on the occurrence of micropollutants in the aquatic environment and their fate and removal during wastewater treatment. Sci Total Environ 2014; 473-474:619-41. [PMID: 24394371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1687] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants are emerging as a new challenge to the scientific community. This review provides a summary of the recent occurrence of micropollutants in the aquatic environment including sewage, surface water, groundwater and drinking water. The discharge of treated effluent from WWTPs is a major pathway for the introduction of micropollutants to surface water. WWTPs act as primary barriers against the spread of micropollutants. WWTP removal efficiency of the selected micropollutants in 14 countries/regions depicts compound-specific variation in removal, ranging from 12.5 to 100%. Advanced treatment processes, such as activated carbon adsorption, advanced oxidation processes, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and membrane bioreactors can achieve higher and more consistent micropollutant removal. However, regardless of what technology is employed, the removal of micropollutants depends on physico-chemical properties of micropollutants and treatment conditions. The evaluation of micropollutant removal from municipal wastewater should cover a series of aspects from sources to end uses. After the release of micropollutants, a better understanding and modeling of their fate in surface water is essential for effectively predicting their impacts on the receiving environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Luo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Long Duc Nghiem
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Faisal Ibney Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Ait Bamai Y, Araki A, Kawai T, Tsuboi T, Saito I, Yoshioka E, Kanazawa A, Tajima S, Shi C, Tamakoshi A, Kishi R. Associations of phthalate concentrations in floor dust and multi-surface dust with the interior materials in Japanese dwellings. Sci Total Environ 2014; 468-469:147-57. [PMID: 24012901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers in numerous products. However, there has been some concern about the various effects they may have on human health. Thus, household phthalate levels are an important public health issue. While many studies have assessed phthalate levels in house dust, the association of these levels with building characteristics has scarcely been examined. The present study investigated phthalate levels in house dust samples collected from the living areas of homes, and examined associations between these phthalate levels and the interior materials. Dust was collected from two portions of the living area: floor dust from the entire floor surface, and multi-surface dust from objects more than 35 cm above the floor. The levels of seven phthalates were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in selective ion monitoring mode. Phthalate levels were higher in multi-surface dust than in floor dust. Among floor dust samples, those from dwellings with compressed wooden flooring had significantly higher levels of di-iso-butyl phthalate compared to those with other floor materials, while polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flooring was associated with higher di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) levels. Among multi-surface dust samples, higher levels of DEHP and di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DINP) were found in samples from homes with PVC wallpaper than without. The number of PVC interior materials was significantly positively correlated with the levels of DEHP and DINP in multi-surface dust. The phthalate levels in multi-surface dust were associated with the interior surface materials, and those in floor dust were directly related to the flooring materials. Our findings show that when using house dust as an exposure assessment, it is very important to note where the samples were collected from. The present report provides useful information about the association between phthalates and dust inside dwellings, which will assist with establishing public health provisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ait Bamai
- Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Chai T, Tan J, Wang J, Feng S, Liu G. Manganese-mitigation of cadmium toxicity to seedling growth of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. is controlled by the manganese/cadmium molar ratio under hydroponic conditions. Plant Physiol Biochem 2013; 73:144-153. [PMID: 24095921 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) can interact with cadmium (Cd) in environments and influence the toxic effect of Cd on plants. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the Mn/Cd ratio and plant Cd-toxicity along Cd concentrations. In this paper, we studied the effects of external Mn/Cd molar ratios (0, 10, 30, 50 and 60) on Cd toxicity in the Mn hyperaccumulator and Cd tolerant plant, Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., at three Cd levels (50, 100 and 200 μM) under hydroponic conditions. Our result showed that seedling growth (y) under Cd stress was strongly positively related to the solution Mn/Cd molar ratio (SMCR). The relationship between the two variables under solution Cd concentrations was well explained by the linear regression model y=a+b1 (SMCR)+b2 (Solution-Cd). Increasing SMCR significantly reduced the Cd concentration and increased the Mn concentration in plant tissues. However, seedling growth was consistent with the shoot Mn/Cd molar ratio rather than with the Mn or Cd concentrations in plant tissues. At low levels of SMCR (e.g. 0 and 10), elevation of Mn distribution in shoot tissues might be a mechanism in P. acinosa seedlings to defend against Cd-toxicity. In comparison with low levels of SMCR, high levels of SMCR (e.g. 50 and 60) greatly alleviated lipid peroxidation and plant water-loss, and enhanced photosynthesis. However, the alleviated lipid peroxidation in the Mn-mitigation of Cd toxicity was likely to be the secondary effect resulting from the antagonism between Mn and Cd in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Rd 19A, Beijing 100049, China.
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Nguyen LN, Hai FI, Yang S, Kang J, Leusch FDL, Roddick F, Price WE, Nghiem LD. Removal of trace organic contaminants by an MBR comprising a mixed culture of bacteria and white-rot fungi. Bioresour Technol 2013; 148:234-41. [PMID: 24050925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of 30 trace organic contaminants (TrOC) by a white-rot fungus-augmented membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. The results show that white-rot fungal enzyme (laccase), coupled with a redox mediator (1-hydroxy benzotriazole, HBT), could degrade TrOC that are resistant to bacterial degradation (e.g. diclofenac, triclosan, naproxen and atrazine) but achieved low removal of compounds (e.g. ibuprofen, gemfibrozil and amitriptyline) that are well removed by conventional activated sludge treatment. Overall, the fungus-augmented MBR showed better TrOC removal compared to a system containing conventional activated sludge. The major role of biodegradation in removal by the MBR was noted. Continuous mediator dosing to MBR may potentially enhance its performance, although not as effectively as for mediator-enhanced batch laccase systems. A ToxScreen3 assay revealed no significant increase in the toxicity of the effluent during MBR treatment of the synthetic wastewater comprising TrOC, confirming that no toxic by-products were produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luong N Nguyen
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Lieben L, Stockmans I, Moermans K, Carmeliet G. Maternal hypervitaminosis D reduces fetal bone mass and mineral acquisition and leads to neonatal lethality. Bone 2013; 57:123-31. [PMID: 23895994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy challenges maternal calcium handling because sufficient calcium has to be transferred to the fetus to ensure fetal bone mass acquisition. 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] is an important regulator of calcium homeostasis during adulthood, yet its role seems redundant for the maternal adaptations to pregnancy as well as during fetal development. However, not only deficiency but also excess of 1,25(OH)2D can be harmful and we therefore questioned whether high maternal 1,25(OH)2D levels may injure fetal development or neonatal outcome, as maternal-fetal transport of 1,25(OH)2D has been largely disputed. To this end, vitamin D receptor (VDR) null (Vdr(-/-)) females, displaying high 1,25(OH)2D levels, were mated with Vdr(+/-) males to obtain pregnancies with fetuses that are responsive (Vdr(+/-)) or resistant (Vdr(-/-)) to 1,25(OH)2D. Surprisingly, most of the Vdr(+/-) neonates died shortly after birth, whereas none of the Vdr(-/-). Mechanistically, we noticed that in Vdr(+/-) embryos, serum calcium levels were normal, but that skeletal calcium storage was reduced as evidenced by decreased mineralized bone mass as well as bone mineral content. More precisely, bone formation was decreased and the level of bone mineralization inhibitors was increased. This decreased fetal skeletal calcium storage may severely compromise calcium balance and survival at birth. In conclusion, these data indicate that high maternal 1,25(OH)2D levels are transferred across the placental barrier and adversely affect the total amount of calcium stored in fetal bones which is accompanied by neonatal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lieben
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
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Dick LJ, Gray A, Ram A, Hume A, Parris C, Hogg PJ, Elliott MA, Ford SJ, Halbert GW. Elimination of the antimicrobial action of the organoarsenical cancer therapeutic, 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid, before finished product sterility testing. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:1664-9. [PMID: 24102542 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arsenical compounds have been used therapeutically for over 2000 years finding particular relevance as antimicrobials. After being replaced by more selective and consequently less toxic antibiotics in the last century, arsenicals have recently made a resurgence as anticancer drugs (specifically arsenic trioxide and its derivatives). Arsenical parenteral formulations require post-manufacture sterility testing; however, their intrinsic antimicrobial activity must be neutralised before testing to eliminate the possibility of false (no-growth) test results. METHODS A range of thiol-containing compounds was screened to establish a suitable deactivation agent for the novel organoarsenical compound, 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid (GSAO). Dimercatopropanol (DMP) was found to successful deactivate GSAO and was validated according to pharmacopoeial sterility test guidelines (specifically the method suitability test/sterility validation test). KEY FINDINGS DMP is an effective way of deactivating GSAO before sterility testing and can be used for pharmacopoeial sterility tests. Our results affirm previous research highlighting the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to arsenical compounds CONCLUSIONS A method of deactivating the arsenical drug GSAO before the post-manufacture sterility test was established and validated. DMP is a commonly used chelator/deactivation agent so this work may have implications for other inorganic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay J Dick
- Cancer Research UK Formulation Unit, Strathclyde Institute for Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Robertson Wing, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Dirtu AC, Geens T, Dirinck E, Malarvannan G, Neels H, Van Gaal L, Jorens PG, Covaci A. Phthalate metabolites in obese individuals undergoing weight loss: Urinary levels and estimation of the phthalates daily intake. Environ Int 2013; 59:344-353. [PMID: 23892227 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to chemicals commonly encountered in our environment, like phthalates, is routinely assessed through urinary measurement of their metabolites. A particular attention is given to the specific population groups, such as obese, for which the dietary intake of environmental chemicals is higher. To evaluate the exposure to phthalates, nine phthalate metabolites (PMs) were analyzed in urine collected from obese individuals and a control population. Obese individuals lost weight through either bariatric surgery or a conservative weight loss program with dietary and lifestyle counseling. Urine samples were also collected from the obese individuals after 3, 6 and 12months of weight loss. Individual daily intakes of the corresponding phthalate diesters were estimated based on the urinary PM concentrations. A high variability was recorded for the levels of each PM in both obese and control urine samples showing the exposure to high levels of PMs in specific subgroups. The most important PM metabolite as percentage contribution to the total PM levels was mono-ethyl phthalate followed by the metabolites of di-butyl phthalate and di 2-ethyl-hexyl phthalate (DEHP). No differences in the PM levels and profiles between obese entering the program and controls were observed. Although paralleled by a significant decrease of their weight, an increase in the urinary PM levels after 3 to 6months loss was seen. Constant figures for the estimated phthalates daily intake were observed over the studied period, suggesting that besides food consumption, other human exposure sources to phthalates (e.g. air, dust) might be also important. The weight loss treatment method followed by obese individuals influenced the correlations between PM levels, suggesting a change of the intake sources with time. Except for few gender differences recorded between the urinary DEHP metabolites correlations, no other differences were observed for the urinary PM levels as a function of age, body mass index or waist circumference. Linear regression analysis showed almost no significance of the relationship between measured urinary PMs and serum free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) for all obese individuals participating to the study, while for the control samples, several PMs were significantly associated with the serum TSH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin C Dirtu
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Dias GBM, Gruendling AP, Araújo SM, Gomes ML, Toledo MJDO. Evolution of infection in mice inoculated by the oral route with different developmental forms of Trypanosoma cruzi I and II. Exp Parasitol 2013; 135:511-7. [PMID: 23994765 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Oral infection has become the most important transmission mechanism of Chagas disease in Brazil. For this study, the development of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice, induced by the oral and intraperitoneal (IP) routes, was compared. Four groups of Swiss mice were used to evaluate the influence of parasite genetics, number of parasites, inoculation volume and developmental stages on the development of the orally induced infection: 1 - blood trypomastigotes (BT) via oral; 2 - BT via IP; 3 - culture metacyclic trypomastigotes (MT) via oral; and 4 - culture MT via IP. Animals inoculated orally showed levels of parasitemia, as well as infectivity and mortality rates, lower than animals inoculated via IP, regardless of DTU (discrete typing unit) and inoculum. Animals infected with TcII showed higher levels of these parameters than did animals infected with TcI. The larger volume of inoculum showed a greater capacity to cause an infection when administered via the oral route. BT infection was more virulent than culture MT infection for both routes (oral and IP). However, mice inoculated orally with BT showed lower levels than via IP, while mice inoculated orally with culture MT showed similar levels of infection to those inoculated via IP. Mice inoculated with culture MT showed more histopathological changes than those inoculated with BT, regardless of the inoculation route. These results indicate that this alternative experimental model is useful for evaluating infection by T. cruzi isolates with subpatent parasitemia and low virulence, such as those belonging to the TcI and TcIV DTUs, which are prevalent in outbreaks of orally transmitted Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greicy Brisa Malaquias Dias
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences at the State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo 5790, Bloco 126, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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Prather JF. Auditory signal processing in communication: perception and performance of vocal sounds. Hear Res 2013; 305:144-55. [PMID: 23827717 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Learning and maintaining the sounds we use in vocal communication require accurate perception of the sounds we hear performed by others and feedback-dependent imitation of those sounds to produce our own vocalizations. Understanding how the central nervous system integrates auditory and vocal-motor information to enable communication is a fundamental goal of systems neuroscience, and insights into the mechanisms of those processes will profoundly enhance clinical therapies for communication disorders. Gaining the high-resolution insight necessary to define the circuits and cellular mechanisms underlying human vocal communication is presently impractical. Songbirds are the best animal model of human speech, and this review highlights recent insights into the neural basis of auditory perception and feedback-dependent imitation in those animals. Neural correlates of song perception are present in auditory areas, and those correlates are preserved in the auditory responses of downstream neurons that are also active when the bird sings. Initial tests indicate that singing-related activity in those downstream neurons is associated with vocal-motor performance as opposed to the bird simply hearing itself sing. Therefore, action potentials related to auditory perception and action potentials related to vocal performance are co-localized in individual neurons. Conceptual models of song learning involve comparison of vocal commands and the associated auditory feedback to compute an error signal that is used to guide refinement of subsequent song performances, yet the sites of that comparison remain unknown. Convergence of sensory and motor activity onto individual neurons points to a possible mechanism through which auditory and vocal-motor signals may be linked to enable learning and maintenance of the sounds used in vocal communication. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Communication Sounds and the Brain: New Directions and Perspectives".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan F Prather
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue - Dept. 3166, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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Saravanabhavan G, Guay M, Langlois É, Giroux S, Murray J, Haines D. Biomonitoring of phthalate metabolites in the Canadian population through the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2009). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2013; 216:652-61. [PMID: 23419587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to phthalates occurs through multiple sources and pathways. In the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2007-2009, 11 phthalate metabolites, namely, MMP, MEP, MnBP, MBzP, MCHP, MCPP, MEHP, MEOHP, MEHHP, MnOP, and MiNP were measured in urine samples of 6-49 year old survey respondents (n=3236). The phthalate metabolites biomonitoring data from this nationally-representative Canadian survey are presented here. The metabolites MEP, MnBP, MBzP, MCPP, MEHP, MEOHP and MEHHP were detected in >90% of Canadians while MMP, MCHP, MnOP and MiNP were detected in <20% of the Canadian population. Step-wise regression analyses were carried out to identify important predictors of volumetric concentrations (μg/L) of the metabolites in the general population. Individual multiple regression models with covariates age, sex, creatinine, fasting status, and the interaction terms age×creatinine, age×sex and fasting status×creatinine were constructed for MEP, MnBP, MBzP, MCPP, MEHP, MEOHP and MEHHP. The least square geometric mean (LSGM) estimates for volumetric concentration (μg/L) of the metabolites derived from respective regression models were used to assess the patterns in the metabolite concentrations among population sub-groups. The results indicate that children had significantly higher urinary concentrations of MnBP, MBzP, MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP and MCPP than adolescents and adults. Moreover, MEP, MBzP, MnBP and MEOHP concentrations in females were significantly higher than in males. We observed that fasting status significantly affects the concentrations of MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, and MCPP metabolites analyzed in this study. Moreover, our results indicate that the sampling time could affect the DEHP metabolite concentrations in the general Canadian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurusankar Saravanabhavan
- Chemicals Surveillance Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
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Euling SY, White LD, Kim AS, Sen B, Wilson VS, Keshava C, Keshava N, Hester S, Ovacik MA, Ierapetritou MG, Androulakis IP, Gaido KW. Use of genomic data in risk assessment case study: II. Evaluation of the dibutyl phthalate toxicogenomic data set. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 271:349-62. [PMID: 21745491 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An evaluation of the toxicogenomic data set for dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and male reproductive developmental effects was performed as part of a larger case study to test an approach for incorporating genomic data in risk assessment. The DBP toxicogenomic data set is composed of nine in vivo studies from the published literature that exposed rats to DBP during gestation and evaluated gene expression changes in testes or Wolffian ducts of male fetuses. The exercise focused on qualitative evaluation, based on a lack of available dose-response data, of the DBP toxicogenomic data set to postulate modes and mechanisms of action for the male reproductive developmental outcomes, which occur in the lower dose range. A weight-of-evidence evaluation was performed on the eight DBP toxicogenomic studies of the rat testis at the gene and pathway levels. The results showed relatively strong evidence of DBP-induced downregulation of genes in the steroidogenesis pathway and lipid/sterol/cholesterol transport pathway as well as effects on immediate early gene/growth/differentiation, transcription, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling and apoptosis pathways in the testis. Since two established modes of action (MOAs), reduced fetal testicular testosterone production and Insl3 gene expression, explain some but not all of the testis effects observed in rats after in utero DBP exposure, other MOAs are likely to be operative. A reanalysis of one DBP microarray study identified additional pathways within cell signaling, metabolism, hormone, disease, and cell adhesion biological processes. These putative new pathways may be associated with DBP effects on the testes that are currently unexplained. This case study on DBP identified data gaps and research needs for the use of toxicogenomic data in risk assessment. Furthermore, this study demonstrated an approach for evaluating toxicogenomic data in human health risk assessment that could be applied to future chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Y Euling
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
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