1
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Gribble GW. Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds-A Comprehensive Review. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 121:1-546. [PMID: 37488466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26629-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number-from fewer than 25 in 1968-to approximately 8000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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2
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Mansour A, Gagosz F. Expedited Total Synthesis of (±)-Brevianamide A via the Strategic Use of Gold(I) Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:7200-7204. [PMID: 36170661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two concise and complementary routes to the polycyclic alkaloid (±)-brevianamide A from readily available amino acid building blocks are presented. Key to the synthesis is the strategic use of a gold(I)-catalyzed cascade process that quickly assembles the characteristic pseudoindoxyl motif of the natural product along with the two adjacent quaternary centers in a single step. This sequence, which exemplifies the structural complexity that can be achieved with gold catalysis, allowed for the shortest and highest-yield synthesis of (±)-brevianamide A to date (four steps LLS, 14% overall yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mansour
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Yang JS, Lu K, Li CX, Zhao ZH, Zhang XM, Zhang FM, Tu YQ. Chiral 1,2,3-Triazolium Salt Catalyzed Asymmetric Mono- and Dialkylation of 2,5-Diketopiperazines with the Construction of Tetrasubstituted Carbon Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114129. [PMID: 34981881 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Novel asymmetric mono- and dialkylation reactions of α-substituted 2,5-diketopiperazines catalyzed by new chiral spirocyclic-amide-derived triazolium organocatalysts have been developed, resulting in a range of enantioenriched 2,5-diketopiperazine derivatives containing one or two tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters. The reactions feature high yields (up to 98%), and excellent cis-diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >20:1 dr, >99 % ee), and they provide a new asymmetric synthetic approach to important functionalized 2,5-diketopiperazine skeletons. Furthermore, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed based on both control experiments and extensive DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ka Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zu-Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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4
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Godfrey RC, Jones HE, Green NJ, Lawrence AL. Unified total synthesis of the brevianamide alkaloids enabled by chemical investigations into their biosynthesis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1313-1322. [PMID: 35222915 PMCID: PMC8809396 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05801k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane alkaloids are a vast group of natural products which have been the focus of attention from the scientific community for several decades. This interest stems from their broad range of biological activities, their diverse biosynthetic origins, and their topologically complex structures, which combined make them enticing targets for chemical synthesis. In this article, full details of our synthetic studies into the chemical feasibility of a proposed network of biosynthetic pathways towards the brevianamide family of bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane alkaloids are disclosed. Insights into issues of reactivity and selectivity in the biosynthesis of these structures have aided the development of a unified biomimetic synthetic strategy, which has resulted in the total synthesis of all known bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane brevianamides and the anticipation of an as-yet-undiscovered congener.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Godfrey
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Helen E Jones
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Nicholas J Green
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Andrew L Lawrence
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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5
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Yang J, Lu K, Li C, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Zhang F, Tu Y. Chiral 1,2,3‐Triazolium Salt Catalyzed Asymmetric Mono‐ and Dialkylation of 2,5‐Diketopiperazines with the Construction of Tetrasubstituted Carbon Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju‐Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ka Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Chen‐Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Zu‐Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Fu‐Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Yong‐Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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6
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Dhote PS, Patel P, Vanka K, Ramana CV. Total synthesis of the pseudoindoxyl class of natural products. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7970-7994. [PMID: 34486008 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pseudoindoxyl sub-structural motif, amongst the large set of the indole class of alkaloids, represents a unique subset of the oxygenated indole class of the alkaloid family. A majority of this class of natural products contains complex bridged/polycyclic scaffolds with interesting biological profiles. They are thus attractive synthetic targets. Starting from 1963, twenty-eight natural products having the pseudoindoxyl scaffold have been isolated, among which the synthesis of 13 natural products has been accomplished. In this review, we highlight the completed as well as the formal total synthesis of the natural products with a spiro-pseudoindoxyl ring, with a focus on their development. The challenges and the future perspective based on the recent developments in the field will also be discussed. We strongly believe that this review will not only update but also attract the attention of researchers in dealing with the synthesis of pseudoindoxyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan S Dhote
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Pitambar Patel
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Assam-785006, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Chepuri V Ramana
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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7
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Almeida MC, Resende DISP, da Costa PM, Pinto MMM, Sousa E. Tryptophan derived natural marine alkaloids and synthetic derivatives as promising antimicrobial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112945. [PMID: 33153766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a major threat to public health worldwide, as pathogenic microorganisms are finding ways to evade all known antimicrobials. Therefore, the demand for new and effective antimicrobial agents is also increasing. Natural products have always played an important role in drug discovery, either by themselves or as inspiration for synthetic compounds. The marine environment is a rich source of bioactive metabolites, and among them, tryptophan-derived alkaloids stand out for their abundance and by displaying a variety of biological activities, with antimicrobial properties being among the most significant. This review aims to reveal the potential of marine alkaloids derived from tryptophan as antimicrobial agents. Relevant examples of these compounds and their synthetic analogues reported in the last decades are presented and discussed in detail, with their mechanism of action and synthetic approaches whenever relevant. Several tryptophan-derived marine alkaloids have shown potent and promising antimicrobial activities, whether against bacteria, fungi, or virus. Synthetic approaches to many of the compounds have been developed and recent methodologies are proving to be efficient. Even though most of the studies regarding the antimicrobial activity are still preliminary, this class of compounds has proven to be worth of further investigation and may provide useful lead compounds for the development of antimicrobial agents. Overall, marine alkaloids derived from tryptophan are revealed as a valuable class of antimicrobials and molecular modifications in order to reduce the toxicity of these compounds and additional studies regarding their mechanism of action are interesting topics to explore in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Almeida
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Diana I S P Resende
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Paulo M da Costa
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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8
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Roque JB, Mercado-Marin EV, Richter SC, Pereira de Sant'Ana D, Mukai K, Ye Y, Sarpong R. A unified strategy to reverse-prenylated indole alkaloids: total syntheses of preparaherquamide, premalbrancheamide, and (+)-VM-55599. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5929-5934. [PMID: 32953008 PMCID: PMC7480500 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A full account of our studies toward reverse-prenylated indole alkaloids that contain a bicyclo[2.2.2]core is described. A divergent route is reported which has resulted in the synthesis of preparaherquamide, (+)-VM-55599, and premalbrancheamide. An intramolecular Dieckmann cyclization between an enolate and isocyanate was used to forge the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core that is characteristic of these molecules. The pentacyclic indole scaffold was constructed through a one-pot Hofmann rearrangement followed by Fischer indole synthesis. The utilization of our previously reported indole peripheral functionalization strategy also led to natural products including malbrancheamides B, C, stephacidin A, notoamides F, I and R, aspergamide B, and waikialoid A. Ultimately, the divergent route that we devised provided access to a wide range of prenylated indole alkaloids that are differently substituted on the cyclic amine core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose B Roque
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
| | | | - Sven C Richter
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
| | | | - Ken Mukai
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
| | - Yingda Ye
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
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9
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Godfrey RC, Green NJ, Nichol GS, Lawrence AL. Total synthesis of brevianamide A. Nat Chem 2020; 12:615-619. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Klas KR, Kato H, Frisvad JC, Yu F, Newmister SA, Fraley AE, Sherman DH, Tsukamoto S, Williams RM. Structural and stereochemical diversity in prenylated indole alkaloids containing the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring system from marine and terrestrial fungi. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 35:532-558. [PMID: 29632911 DOI: 10.1039/c7np00042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to February 2017 Various fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Malbranchea produce prenylated indole alkaloids possessing a bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring system. After the discovery of distinct enantiomers of the natural alkaloids stephacidin A and notoamide B, from A. protuberus MF297-2 and A. amoenus NRRL 35660, another fungi, A. taichungensis, was found to produce their diastereomers, 6-epi-stephacidin A and versicolamide B, as major metabolites. Distinct enantiomers of stephacidin A and 6-epi-stephacidin A may be derived from a common precursor, notoamide S, by enzymes that form a bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core via a putative intramolecular hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition. This review provides our current understanding of the structural and stereochemical homologies and disparities of these alkaloids. Through the deployment of biomimetic syntheses, whole-genome sequencing, and biochemical studies, a unified biogenesis of both the dioxopiperazine and the monooxopiperazine families of prenylated indole alkaloids constituted of bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring systems is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly R Klas
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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11
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Luo J, Fang Y, Mao X, Yang M, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Chen G, Ji Y. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cyclization Reaction of 2‐Alkynyl‐3,3‐Difluoro‐3
H
‐Indoles and 2‐Mercaptoimidazoles: Access to
gem
‐Difluorinated C2‐Spiro Indolines. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Bo Fang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang‐Yu Mao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Lei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal University Qufu 273165, Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Yun‐Lin Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Shu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong‐Fei Ji
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
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12
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Dokli I, Pohl R, Klepetářová B, Jahn U. First total synthesis of ent-asperparaline C and assignment of the absolute configuration of asperparaline C. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3931-3934. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00945k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first asymmetric total synthesis of a member of the asperparaline family was accomplished and the unknown absolute configuration of asperparaline C has been determined to be all-(S).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Dokli
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Klepetářová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
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13
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Li F, Zhang X, Renata H. Enzymatic CH functionalizations for natural product synthesis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 49:25-32. [PMID: 30269011 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Direct functionalization of CH bond is rapidly becoming an indispensible tool in chemical synthesis. However, due to the ubiquity of CH bonds, achieving site-selective functionalization remains an arduous task, especially on advanced synthetic intermediates or natural products. In contrast, Nature has evolved a multitude of enzymes capable of performing this task with extraordinary selectivity, and the use of these enzymes in organic synthesis may provide a viable solution to contemporary challenges in site-selective functionalization of complex molecules. This review covers recent applications of enzymatic CH functionalization strategies in natural product synthesis, both in the context of key building block preparation and late-stage functionalization of advanced synthetic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhuo Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hans Renata
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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14
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Perkins JC, Wang X, Pike RD, Scheerer JR. Further Investigation of the Intermolecular Diels-Alder Cycloaddition for the Synthesis of Bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane Alkaloids. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13656-13662. [PMID: 29172511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The convergent synthesis of bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane structures using an intermolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition between a pyrazinone and commercially available fumarate or maleate precursors is reported. High reactivity and stereoselection is observed with both dienophile substrates. Structure validation was achieved by conversion of cycloadducts into known [2.2.2]diazabicyclic compounds or into crystalline derivatives suitable for X-ray analysis. The cycloadduct derived from reaction of pyrazinone and maleic anhydride underwent selective anhydride ring opening and intersected an established precursor in the synthesis of brevianamide B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C Perkins
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Xiye Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Robert D Pike
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Jonathan R Scheerer
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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15
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Mukai K, de Sant'Ana DP, Hirooka Y, Mercado-Marin EV, Stephens DE, Kou KGM, Richter SC, Kelley N, Sarpong R. Bioinspired chemical synthesis of monomeric and dimeric stephacidin A congeners. Nat Chem 2017; 10:38-44. [PMID: 29256515 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stephacidin A and its congeners are a collection of secondary metabolites that possess intriguing structural motifs. They stem from unusual biosynthetic sequences that lead to the incorporation of a prenyl or reverse-prenyl group into a bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane framework, a chromene unit or the vestige thereof. To complement biosynthetic studies, which normally play a significant role in unveiling the biosynthetic pathways of natural products, here we demonstrate that chemical synthesis can provide important insights into biosynthesis. We identify a short total synthesis of congeners in the reverse-prenylated indole alkaloid family related to stephacidin A by taking advantage of a direct indole C6 halogenation of the related ketopremalbrancheamide. This novel strategic approach has now made possible the syntheses of several natural products, including malbrancheamides B and C, notoamides F, I and R, aspergamide B, and waikialoid A, which is a heterodimer of avrainvillamide and aspergamide B. Our approach to the preparation of these prenylated and reverse-prenylated indole alkaloids is bioinspired, and may also inform the as-yet undetermined biosynthesis of several congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Mukai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - Yasuo Hirooka
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - David E Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Kevin G M Kou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sven C Richter
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Naomi Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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16
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Amatov T, Pohl R, Cisařová I, Jahn U. Sequential Oxidative and Reductive Radical Cyclization Approach toward Asperparaline C and Synthesis of Its 8-Oxo Analogue. Org Lett 2017; 19:1152-1155. [PMID: 28207265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The most advanced approach, so far, to the asperparalines is developed. Consecutive oxidative and reductive radical cyclizations serve as the key steps to stereoselectively access the complex fully elaborated skeleton containing the cyclopentane and spiro-succinimide units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tynchtyk Amatov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo namesti 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo namesti 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Cisařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo namesti 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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17
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Rees M, Simpkins NS, Male L. An Asymmetric Organocatalysis Approach to the Prenylated Alkaloid Family. Org Lett 2017; 19:1338-1341. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Rees
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Nigel S. Simpkins
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
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18
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Wu CJ, Li CW, Gao H, Huang XJ, Cui CB. Penicimutamides D–E: two new prenylated indole alkaloids from a mutant of the marine-derived Penicillium purpurogenum G59. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02446k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new prenylated indole alkaloids, penicimutamides D–E (1–2), were discovered via activating silent pathways in a marine-derived fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- China
- College of Life Science and Agronomy
| | - Chang-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- China
| | - Hao Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Cheng-Bin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- China
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19
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Amatov T, Gebauer M, Pohl R, Cisařová I, Jahn U. Oxidative radical cyclizations of diketopiperazines bearing an amidomalonate unit. Heterointermediate reaction sequences toward the asperparalines and stephacidins. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:S6-S17. [PMID: 27806645 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1223295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach to the diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane core of prenylated bridged diketopiperazine alkaloids is described by direct oxidative cyclizations of functionalized diketopiperazines mediated by ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate or the Mn(OAc)3•2H2O/Cu(OTf)2 system. Divergent reaction pathways take place depending on the substitution pattern of the substrates and the oxidation conditions such as temperature or the presence or absence of persistent radical TEMPO. For ester-substituted diketopiperazines, the ester group exerts a significant influence on the reaction outcome and stereochemistry of the radical cyclizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tynchtyk Amatov
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo namesti 2 , Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Gebauer
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo namesti 2 , Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo namesti 2 , Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Cisařová
- b Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8 , Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo namesti 2 , Prague 6, Czech Republic
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20
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Robins JG, Kim KJ, Chinn AJ, Woo JS, Scheerer JR. Intermolecular Diels-Alder Cycloaddition for the Construction of Bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane Structures: Formal Synthesis of Brevianamide B and Premalbrancheamide. J Org Chem 2016; 81:2293-301. [PMID: 26916112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective intermolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition of an intermediate pyrazinone with both achiral and chiral acrylate-derived dienophiles provides rapid access to the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core shared among several prenylated indole alkaloids. The product derived from cycloaddition with 2-nitroacrylate required an additional five to six synthetic operations to intercept established precursors to premalbrancheamide and brevianamide B. The chemistry detailed in this manuscript constitutes a formal total synthesis (12 steps each) of these [2.2.2]diazabicyclic natural products from proline methyl ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob G Robins
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Kyu J Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Alex J Chinn
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - John S Woo
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Jonathan R Scheerer
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary , P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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21
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Zhang LJ, Wang Y, Hu XQ, Xu PF. Hydrogen-Bonding Network Promoted [3+2] Cycloaddition: Asymmetric Catalytic Construction of Spiro-pseudoindoxyl Derivatives. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:834-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
| | - Xiu-Qin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
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22
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Li CW, Wu CJ, Cui CB, Xu LL, Cao F, Zhu HJ. Penicimutamides A–C: rare carbamate-containing alkaloids from a mutant of the marine-derived Penicillium purpurogenum G59. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14904a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new and rare carbamate-containing penicimutamides A–C (1–3) were discovered via activating silent pathways in a marine-derived fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- China
| | - Chang-Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- China
| | - Cheng-Bin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- China
| | - Lan-Lan Xu
- Chinese Center for Chirality
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Pharmacy
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Fei Cao
- Chinese Center for Chirality
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Pharmacy
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Hua-Jie Zhu
- Chinese Center for Chirality
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Pharmacy
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
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23
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Amatov T, Pohl R, Císařová I, Jahn U. Synthesis of Bridged Diketopiperazines by Using the Persistent Radical Effect and a Formal Synthesis of Bicyclomycin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12153-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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24
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Amatov T, Pohl R, Císařová I, Jahn U. Synthese überbrückter Diketopiperazine mit Hilfe des persistenten Radikaleffekts und eine formale Synthese von Bicyclomycin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Bultinck P, Cherblanc FL, Fuchter MJ, Herrebout WA, Lo YP, Rzepa HS, Siligardi G, Weimar M. Chiroptical Studies on Brevianamide B: Vibrational and Electronic Circular Dichroism Confronted. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3359-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5022647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bultinck
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan
281 S3, B9000 Ghent, Belgium
- European Centre for Chirality, Krijgslaan 281 S3, B9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fanny L. Cherblanc
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Fuchter
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Wouter A. Herrebout
- European Centre for Chirality, Krijgslaan 281 S3, B9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ya-Pei Lo
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Henry S. Rzepa
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marko Weimar
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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26
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Cabanillas A, Davies CD, Male L, Simpkins NS. Highly enantioselective access to diketopiperazines via cinchona alkaloid catalyzed Michael additions. Chem Sci 2014; 6:1350-1354. [PMID: 29560222 PMCID: PMC5811140 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03218g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloid catalysed additions to triketopiperazines gives products in high yield and er (88 : 12 to 99 : 1), including bridged hydroxy-DKPs via Michael-addition–ring closure.
Michael addition reactions of triketopiperazine (TKP) derivatives to enones, mediated by a cinchona alkaloid-derived catalyst, deliver products in high yield and enantiomeric ratio (er). Use of unsaturated ester, nitrile or sulfone partners gives bridged hydroxy-diketopiperazine (DKP) products resulting from a novel Michael addition–ring closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cabanillas
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , B15 2TT UK
| | | | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , B15 2TT UK
| | - Nigel S Simpkins
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , B15 2TT UK
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27
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Li CS, Li XM, An CY, Wang BG. Prenylated Indole Alkaloid Derivatives from Marine Sediment-Derived FungusPenicillium paneumSD-44. Helv Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Guo C, Schedler M, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Annulation Reaction of Enals: An Efficient Enantioselective Access to Spiro-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10232-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Guo C, Schedler M, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Durch N-heterocyclische Carbene katalysierte formale [3+2]-Anellierungen von Enalen: enantioselektiver Zugang zu Spiroheterocyclen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Zhang H, Ning X, Hang H, Ru X, Li H, Li Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Yu S, Qiao Y, Wang X, Wang PG. Total Synthesis of Thaxtomin A and Its Stereoisomers and Findings of Their Biological Activities. Org Lett 2013; 15:5670-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4026556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xin Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Hang Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xuyan Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Haichen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yonghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Lizhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Shujing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Peng George Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
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31
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Tasic G, Simic M, Popovic S, Husinec S, Maslak V, Savic V. Indirect N-vinylation of indoles via isomerisation of N-allyl derivatives: synthesis of (±)-debromoarborescidine B. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Simpkins NS, Pavlakos I, Weller MD, Male L. The cascade radical cyclisation approach to prenylated alkaloids: synthesis of stephacidin A and notoamide B. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4957-70. [PMID: 23797367 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40979a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the synthesis of members of the prenylated indole alkaloid family is described, which involves a radical cascade process of an appropriately substituted diketopiperazine (DKP) core structure. Several approaches to the generation of the initial radical were explored, with the most successful involving treatment of a sulfenyl substituted DKP under classical reductive conditions by heating with Bu3SnH and a radical initiator. The required, fully substituted, radical precursor DKP structures were prepared using regio- and stereocontrolled enolate chemistry of simpler proline-tryptophan derived DKPs. The new approach allowed rapid access to a key polycyclic indoline structure, which was converted into either of the natural products stephacidin A or notoamide B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel S Simpkins
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W. Laws
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg,
Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Jonathan R. Scheerer
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg,
Virginia 23187, United States
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34
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McCormack MP, Waters SP. Synthesis of functionalized indolizidines through Pauson-Khand cycloaddition of 2-allylpyrrolidines. J Org Chem 2013; 78:1176-83. [PMID: 23311620 DOI: 10.1021/jo302734w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A concise entry to functionalized indolizidine scaffolds through a domino 2-aza-Cope-[3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition and Pauson-Khand [2 + 2 + 1] cyclization has been accomplished. The process was conducted under mild conditions to afford diverse indolizidine systems as single diastereomers in good overall yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P McCormack
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
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35
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Szostak M, Procter DJ. Jenseits von Samariumdiiodid: Perspektiven für Lanthanoid(II)-vermittelte Reduktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Szostak M, Procter DJ. Beyond Samarium Diiodide: Vistas in Reductive Chemistry Mediated by Lanthanides(II). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9238-56. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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37
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Margrey KA, Chinn AJ, Laws SW, Pike RD, Scheerer JR. Efficient Entry to the [2.2.2]-Diazabicyclic Ring System via Diastereoselective Domino Reaction Sequence. Org Lett 2012; 14:2458-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3007056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaila A. Margrey
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Alex J. Chinn
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Stephen W. Laws
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Robert D. Pike
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Jonathan R. Scheerer
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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38
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Simpkins N, Pavlakos I, Male L. Rapid access to polycyclic indolines related to the stephacidin alkaloids using a radical cascade. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:1958-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc16510k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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González JF, Ortín I, de la Cuesta E, Menéndez JC. Privileged scaffolds in synthesis: 2,5-piperazinediones as templates for the preparation of structurally diverse heterocycles. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6902-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35158g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Zhuo CX, Liu WB, Wu QF, You SL. Asymmetric dearomatization of pyrrolesviaIr-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction: enantioselective synthesis of spiro-2H-pyrroles. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00517k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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41
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Cheng B, Huang G, Xu L, Xia Y. Mechanism of the N-protecting group dependent annulations of 3-aryloxy alkynyl indoles under gold catalysis: a computational study. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4417-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25316j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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42
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Crick PJ, Simpkins NS, Highton A. Synthesis of the Asperparaline Core by a Radical Cascade. Org Lett 2011; 13:6472-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202769f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Crick
- School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K., and AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, LE11 5RH, U.K
| | - Nigel S. Simpkins
- School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K., and AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, LE11 5RH, U.K
| | - Adrian Highton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K., and AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, LE11 5RH, U.K
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43
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Li H, Boonnak N, Padwa A. N-Alkenyl Indoles as Useful Intermediates for Alkaloid Synthesis. J Org Chem 2011; 76:9488-96. [PMID: 22007631 DOI: 10.1021/jo201955c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta,
Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Nawong Boonnak
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta,
Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Albert Padwa
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta,
Georgia 30322, United States
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44
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Watts KR, Loveridge ST, Tenney K, Media J, Valeriote FA, Crews P. Utilizing DART mass spectrometry to pinpoint halogenated metabolites from a marine invertebrate-derived fungus. J Org Chem 2011; 76:6201-8. [PMID: 21682275 DOI: 10.1021/jo2009593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prenylated indole alkaloids are a diverse group of fungal secondary metabolites and represent an important biosynthetic class. In this study we have identified new halogenated prenyl-indole alkaloids from an invertebrate-derived Malbranchea graminicola strain. Using direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry, these compounds were initially detected from hyphae of the fungus grown on agar plates, without the need for any organic extraction. Subsequently, the metabolites were isolated from liquid culture in artificial seawater. The structures of two novel chlorinated metabolites, named (-)-spiromalbramide and (+)-isomalbrancheamide B, provide additional insights into the assembly of the malbrancheamide compound family. Remarkably, two new brominated analogues, (+)-malbrancheamide C and (+)-isomalbrancheamide C, were produced by enriching the growth medium with bromine salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Watts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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Zhang YQ, Zhu DY, Jiao ZW, Li BS, Zhang FM, Tu YQ, Bi Z. Regiodivergent Annulation of Alkynyl Indoles To Construct Spiro-pseudoindoxyl and Tetrahydro-β-carbolines. Org Lett 2011; 13:3458-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201194n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Dao-Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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