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Villamil V, Vairoletti F, Tijman A, López G, Peixoto de Abreu Lima A, Saiz C, Iglesias C, Mahler G. Novel Kinetic Resolution of Thiazolo-Benzimidazolines Using MAO Enzymes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42114-42125. [PMID: 38024698 PMCID: PMC10652373 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic resolution of racemic 1H,3H-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoline (TBIM) heterocycles was achieved using E. coli whole cells expressing the MAO-N D11 enzyme. Several cosolvents were screened using TBIM 2a as the substrate. DMF was the best cosolvent, affording the pure enantiomer (+)-2a in 44% yield, 94% ee. The stereochemistry of TBIM was predicted by means of ab initio calculations of optical rotation and circular dichroism spectra. The reaction scope was investigated for 11 substituted (±) TBIM using an optimized protocol. The best yield and % ee were obtained for the nonsubstituted 2a. Among the substituted compounds, the 5-substituted-TBIM showed better % ee than the 4-substituted one. The small electron donor group (Me) led to better % ee than the electron-withdrawing groups (-NO2 and -CO2Et), and the bulky naphthyl group was detrimental for the kinetic resolution. Docking experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to further understand the interactions between MAO-N D11 and the thiazolo-benzimidazoline substrates. For 2a, the MD showed favorable positioning and binding energy for both enantiomers, thus suggesting that this kinetic resolution is influenced not only by the active site but also by the entry tunnel. This work constitutes the first report of the enzymatic kinetic resolution applied to TBIM heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Villamil
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica,
Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Franco Vairoletti
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica,
Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Programa
de Posgrado en Quimica, Universidad de la
República Uruguay, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Ariel Tijman
- Programa
de Posgrado en Quimica, Universidad de la
República Uruguay, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Departamento
de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Facultad
de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Departamento
de Biociencias y Departamento de Quimica Organica, Laboratorio de
Biocatalisis y Biotransformaciones, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Gonzalo López
- Programa
de Posgrado en Quimica, Universidad de la
República Uruguay, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Departamento
de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Facultad
de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Departamento
de Biociencias y Departamento de Quimica Organica, Laboratorio de
Biocatalisis y Biotransformaciones, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Alejandro Peixoto de Abreu Lima
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Síntesis
Orgánica, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad
de la Republica, Gral
Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Cecilia Saiz
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica,
Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - César Iglesias
- Departamento
de Biociencias, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Facultad
de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Departamento
de Biociencias y Departamento de Quimica Organica, Laboratorio de
Biocatalisis y Biotransformaciones, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Graciela Mahler
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica,
Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
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Karaj E, Sindi SH, Kuganesan N, Perera L, Taylor W, Viranga Tillekeratne LM. Tunable Cysteine-Targeting Electrophilic Heteroaromatic Warheads Induce Ferroptosis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11788-11817. [PMID: 35984756 PMCID: PMC10408038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Once considered potential liabilities, the modern era witnesses a renaissance of interest in covalent inhibitors in drug discovery. The available toolbox of electrophilic warheads is limited by constraints on tuning reactivity and selectivity. Following our work on a class of ferroptotic agents termed CETZOLEs, we discovered new tunable heterocyclic electrophiles which are capable of inducing ferroptosis. The biological evaluation demonstrated that thiazoles with an alkyne electrophile at the 2-position selectively induce ferroptosis with high potency. Density functional theory calculations and NMR kinetic studies demonstrated the ability of our heterocycles to undergo thiol addition, an apparent prerequisite for cytotoxicity. Chemoproteomic analysis indicated several potential targets, the most prominent among them being GPX4 protein. These results were further validated by western blot analysis and the cellular thermal shift assay. Incorporation of these heterocycles into appropriate pharmacophores generated highly cytotoxic agents such as the analogue BCP-T.A, with low nM IC50 values in ferroptosis-sensitive cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endri Karaj
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Shaimaa H. Sindi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Nishanth Kuganesan
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Lalith Perera
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity and Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - William Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - L. M. Viranga Tillekeratne
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
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Nazeef M, Shivhare KN, Ali S, Ansari S, Siddiqui IR. Visible-light-mediated one-pot efficient synthesis of 1-aryl-1H,3H-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoles: a metal-free photochemical approach in aqueous ethanol. Mol Divers 2021; 25:2479-2486. [PMID: 32980996 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A new metal-free approach to construct medicinally valuable 1-aryl-1H,3H-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoles under visible light irradiation in aqueous ethanol medium at room temperature has been developed. The present process was performed with 1,2-phenylenediamines, aromatic aldehydes and 2-mercaptoacetic acid utilizing a simple household 22 W compact fluorescent lamp to generate C-S, C-N bonds through radical intermediates. This visible-light-promoted synthesis provides lower cost, operation simplicity and high functional groups tolerating ability with short reaction time and high yield under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nazeef
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Km Neha Shivhare
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Shabir Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Saif Ansari
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - I R Siddiqui
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India.
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Peng X, Qin F, Xu M, Zhu S, Pan Y, Tang H, Meng X, Wang H. Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-c]thiazoles through Pd-catalyzed bicyclization of tert-butyl isonitrile with thioamides. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8403-8407. [PMID: 31482915 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01664c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Building new biological molecules is challenging. Herein, imidazo[1,2-c]thiazoles were synthesized as a new class of heterobicyclic analogs through Pd-catalyzed cascade bicyclization from isonitriles with thioamides. The bicyclic scaffolds were constructed by inserting three molecules of isonitrile into two molecules of thioamide and then cyclizing them in a one-pot procedure. In vitro antitumor studies of these new compounds were conducted by using the MTT assay, and compound 3c showed excellent inhibitory effects against HepG2 at 7.06 ± 0.68 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China and School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujin Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
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Pinho e Melo TMVD. Chemistry of aza- and diazafulvenium methides in heterocyclic synthesis. PURE APPL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAza- and diazafulvenium methide systems are versatile building blocks for the synthesis of pyrroles and pyrazoles. These extended dipoles participate in sigmatropic [1,8]H shifts and 1,7-electrocyclizations giving vinyl pyrroles and pyrazoles. Under flash vacuum pyrolysis conditions these heterocycles undergo interesting rearrangements. Aza- and diazafulvenium methides can be intercepted by dipolarophiles. Derivatives with carboxylate groups at C-4 and/or C-5 act exclusively as 1,7-dipoles affording products resulting from the addition across the 1,7-positions. These 1,7-cycloadducts include chlorin and bacteriochlorin type macrocycles as well as steroidal analogues, compounds with relevance in medicinal chemistry. In contrast with this chemical behavior, 5-trifluoromethylazafulvenium methides can participate in both 1,7- and 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. The generation and reactivity of benzodiazafulvenium methides is also discussed.
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