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Kolygina DV, Siek M, Borkowska M, Ahumada G, Barski P, Witt D, Jee AY, Miao H, Ahumada JC, Granick S, Kandere-Grzybowska K, Grzybowski BA. Mixed-Charge Nanocarriers Allow for Selective Targeting of Mitochondria by Otherwise Nonselective Dyes. ACS NANO 2021; 15:11470-11490. [PMID: 34142807 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of molecular cargos to specific organelles is of paramount importance for developing precise and effective therapeutics and imaging probes. This work describes a disulfide-based delivery method in which mixed-charged nanoparticles traveling through the endolysosomal tract deliver noncovalently bound dye molecules selectively into mitochondria. This system comprises three elements: (1) The nanoparticles deliver their payloads by a kiss-and-go mechanism - that is, they drop off their dye cargos proximate to mitochondria but do not localize therein; (2) the dye molecules are by themselves nonspecific to any cellular structures but become so with the help of mixed-charge nanocarriers; and (3) the dye is engineered in such a way as to remain in mitochondria for a long time, up to days, allowing for observing dynamic remodeling of mitochondrial networks and long-term tracking of mitochondria even in dividing cells. The selectivity of delivery and long-lasting staining derive from the ability to engineer charge-imbalanced, mixed [+/-] on-particle monolayers and from the structural features of the cargo. Regarding the former, the balance of [+] and [-] ligands can be adjusted to limit cytotoxicity and control the number of dye molecules adsorbed onto the particles' surfaces. Regarding the latter, comparative studies with multiple dye derivatives we synthesized rationalize the importance of polar groups, long alkyl chains, and disulfide moieties in the assembly of fluorescent nanoconstructs and long-lasting staining of mitochondria. Overall, this strategy could be useful for delivering hydrophilic and/or anionic small-molecule drugs difficult to target to mitochondria by classical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana V Kolygina
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Marta Siek
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Magdalena Borkowska
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Guillermo Ahumada
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Piotr Barski
- ProChimia Surfaces Sp. z o.o., Al Zwycięstwa 96/98 F8, 81-451 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dariusz Witt
- ProChimia Surfaces Sp. z o.o., Al Zwycięstwa 96/98 F8, 81-451 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Ah-Young Jee
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Miao
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Juan Carlos Ahumada
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Steve Granick
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kristiana Kandere-Grzybowska
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bartosz A Grzybowski
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Dilşad Susam
- Department of Chemistry Middle East Technical University Dumlupınar Bulvarı, No. 1 06800 Çankaya, Ankara Turkey
| | - Cihangir Tanyeli
- Department of Chemistry Middle East Technical University Dumlupınar Bulvarı, No. 1 06800 Çankaya, Ankara Turkey
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Abstract
L-proline is directly loaded on the multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with exceptionally high loading content of 67 wt.%. The obtained L-proline/MWCNTs catalyst is on par with the catalytic activity of free L-proline, even after 7 rounds of recycling and reusing. The excellent activity of L-proline/MWCNTs in typical Aldol reaction, Mannich reaction, Michael reaction, α-oxyamination reaction, and Knoevenagel condensation shows a broad applicability of the composite catalyst in different reactions and solvent systems. We believe that the unusual loading mode may open a window for designing heterogenized organo-catalysts.
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Wu LM, Lai L, Mei P, Cheng L, Wang YQ, Liu Y. Aqueous-organic phase transfer of nanoparticles: The effects of molecular structures of cationic surfactants. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tůma J, Kohout M. Silica gel-immobilized multidisciplinary materials applicable in stereoselective organocatalysis and HPLC separation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:1174-1181. [PMID: 35540900 PMCID: PMC9076945 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12658a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this pilot study, we present novel bifunctional silica gel-immobilized materials applicable as heterogeneous organocatalysts and stationary phases in HPLC. The materials provided high stereoselectivity in both batch and continuous flow catalysis of a model Michael addition (cyclohexanone to (E)-β-nitrostyrene). In the batch reaction, the catalysts proved their sustainable catalytic activity over five consecutive recycling experiments. Under continuous flow reaction conditions, the catalytic activity was found to be superior to the batch reaction, and moreover, the same immobilized materials were utilized as stationary phases in HPLC showing very good chemoselective separation of model acidic analytes. Novel multidisciplinary silica gel-based materials were successfully employed in highly stereoselective Michael addition and as stationary phases in HPLC separation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Tůma
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - M. Kohout
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
- Czech Republic
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Optically active microspheres from helical substituted polyacetylene with pendent ferrocenyl amino-acid derivative. Preparation and recycling use for direct asymmetric aldol reaction in water. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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