1
|
Das S, Pattanayakanahalli Henjarappa K, Mahanta N. Enzymatic reconstitution of salicylate formation in promysalin biosynthesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 94:129440. [PMID: 37567320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Promysalin is an amphipathic antibiotic isolated from Pseudomonas promysalinigenes (previously Pseudomonas putida RW10S1) which shows potent antibacterial activities against Gram-negative pathogens by inactivating succinate dehydrogenase. Based on the in-vivo studies, promysalin is hypothesized to be assembled from three building blocks: salicylic acid, proline, and myristic acid via a proposed but uncharacterized hybrid NRPS-PKS biosynthetic pathway. So far, no in-vitro biosynthetic studies have been reported for this promising antibiotic. Here, we report the first in-vitro reconstitution and biochemical characterization of two early enzymes on the pathway: PpgH, an isochorismate synthase (IS), and PpgG, an isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) which are involved in the biosynthesis of salicylic acid, the polar fragment of promysalin. We also report a secondary chorismate mutase (CM) activity for PpgG. Based on our biochemical experiments, preliminary mechanistic proposals have been postulated for PpgH and PpgG. We believe this study will lay a strong foundation for elucidating the functions and mechanisms of other intriguing enzymes of the promysalin biosynthesis pathway, which may potentially unravel interesting enzyme chemistries and promote pathway engineering in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simita Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Karnataka 580011, India
| | | | - Nilkamal Mahanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Karnataka 580011, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elbatrawi YM, Pedretty KP, Giddings N, Woodcock HL, Del Valle JR. δ-Azaproline and Its Oxidized Variants. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4207-4219. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yassin M. Elbatrawi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Kyle P. Pedretty
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Nicole Giddings
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - H. Lee Woodcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Juan R. Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li G, Kates PA, Dilger AK, Cheng PT, Ewing WR, Groves JT. Manganese-Catalyzed Desaturation of N-Acyl Amines and Ethers. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Patrick A. Kates
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Andrew K. Dilger
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Peter T. Cheng
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - William R. Ewing
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - John T. Groves
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bilitewski U, Blodgett JAV, Duhme-Klair AK, Dallavalle S, Laschat S, Routledge A, Schobert R. Chemical and Biological Aspects of Nutritional Immunity-Perspectives for New Anti-Infectives that Target Iron Uptake Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14360-14382. [PMID: 28439959 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Upon bacterial infection, one of the defense mechanisms of the host is the withdrawal of essential metal ions, in particular iron, which leads to "nutritional immunity". However, bacteria have evolved strategies to overcome iron starvation, for example, by stealing iron from the host or other bacteria through specific iron chelators with high binding affinity. Fortunately, these complex interactions between the host and pathogen that lead to metal homeostasis provide several opportunities for interception and, thus, allow the development of novel antibacterial compounds. This Review focuses on iron, discusses recent highlights, and gives some future perspectives which are relevant in the fight against antibiotic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Bilitewski
- AG Compound Profiling and Screening, Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Joshua A V Blodgett
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130-4899, USA
| | | | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 7, 0569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anne Routledge
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Natural products have served as powerful therapeutics against pathogenic bacteria since the golden age of antibiotics of the mid-20th century. However, the increasing frequency of antibiotic-resistant infections clearly demonstrates that new antibiotics are critical for modern medicine. Because combinatorial approaches have not yielded effective drugs, we propose that the development of new antibiotics around proven natural scaffolds is the best short-term solution to the rising crisis of antibiotic resistance. We analyze herein synthetic approaches aiming to reengineer natural products into potent antibiotics. Furthermore, we discuss approaches in modulating quorum sensing and biofilm formation as a nonlethal method, as well as narrow-spectrum pathogen-specific antibiotics, which are of interest given new insights into the implications of disrupting the microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean E. Rossiter
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Madison H. Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bilitewski U, Blodgett JAV, Duhme-Klair AK, Dallavalle S, Laschat S, Routledge A, Schobert R. Chemische und biologische Aspekte von “Nutritional Immunity” - Perspektiven für neue Antiinfektiva mit Fokus auf bakterielle Eisenaufnahmesysteme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Bilitewski
- AG Compound Profiling and Screening; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung; Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | | | | | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; I-20133 Milano Italien
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55, 7 0569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Anne Routledge
- Department of Chemistry; University of York, Heslington; York YO10 5DD Großbritannien
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organische Chemie I; Universität Bayreuth; Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kaduskar RD, Scala GD, Al Jabri ZJH, Arioli S, Musso L, Oggioni MR, Dallavalle S, Mora D. Promysalin is a salicylate-containing antimicrobial with a cell-membrane-disrupting mechanism of action on Gram-positive bacteria. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8861. [PMID: 28821717 PMCID: PMC5562885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Promysalin was previously described as a narrow spectrum molecule with a unique species-specific activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here we demonstrate that promysalin is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using a microdilution assay. Promysalin acts on Gram-positive bacteria with a mechanism of action involving cell membrane damage with leakage of intracellular components. The evaluation of MICs and MBCs on 11 promysalin analogs, synthesized utilizing diverted total synthesis, allowed the identification of the structural moieties potentially involved in cell membrane interaction and damage. The mechanism of action of promysalin against Gram-negative bacteria is still not clarified, even if a synergistic effect with the bisguanidine chlorhexidine on cell membrane disruption has been observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul D Kaduskar
- Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Della Scala
- Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Zaaima J H Al Jabri
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Stefania Arioli
- Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Loana Musso
- Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco R Oggioni
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Mora
- Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dhavan AA, Kaduskar RD, Musso L, Scaglioni L, Martino PA, Dallavalle S. Total synthesis of leopolic acid A, a natural 2,3-pyrrolidinedione with antimicrobial activity. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:1624-8. [PMID: 27559415 PMCID: PMC4979754 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The first total synthesis of leopolic acid A, a fungal metabolite with a rare 2,3-pyrrolidinedione nucleus linked to an ureido dipeptide, was designed and carried out. Crucial steps for the strategy include a Dieckmann cyclization to obtain the 2,3-pyrrolidinedione ring and a Wittig olefination to install the polymethylene chain. An oxazolidinone-containing leopolic acid A analogue was also synthesized. The antibacterial activity showed by both compounds suggests that they could be considered as promising candidates for future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul A Dhavan
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Rahul D Kaduskar
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Loana Musso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Leonardo Scaglioni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Piera Anna Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine - Microbiology and Immunology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 10, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Steele AD, Keohane CE, Knouse KW, Rossiter SE, Williams SJ, Wuest WM. Diverted Total Synthesis of Promysalin Analogs Demonstrates That an Iron-Binding Motif Is Responsible for Its Narrow-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5833-6. [PMID: 27096543 PMCID: PMC5084090 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Promysalin is a species-specific Pseudomonad metabolite with unique bioactivity. To better understand the mode of action of this natural product, we synthesized 16 analogs utilizing diverted total synthesis (DTS). Our analog studies revealed that the bioactivity of promysalin is sensitive to changes within its hydrogen bond network whereby alteration has drastic biological consequences. The DTS library not only yielded three analogs that retained potency but also provided insights that resulted in the identification of a previously unknown ability of promysalin to bind iron. These findings coupled with previous observations hint at a complex multifaceted role of the natural product within the rhizosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Steele
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Colleen E. Keohane
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Kyle W. Knouse
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Sean E. Rossiter
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Sierra J. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| |
Collapse
|