A coumarin-based fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensor for rapid detection of fluoride ion

A coumarin based Schiff Base: An effective colorimetric sensor for selective detection of F- ion in real samples and DFT studies

Chemosensors are molecular devices which react with target and give a visible signal, which is a degree of its sensitivity. Herein, a novel coumarin based Schiff Base has been synthesized for F^- ions detection. The chemosensor showed an intense color change upon the addition of F^- ions (light yellow to purple). The chemosensor has fewer effects of competing anions. The limit of detection is calculated as low as 1.1 × 10^-6 and the binding constant was determined as 1.61 × 10⁴. The job's plot confirmed 1:1 stoichiometry between chemosensor and F^- ion. The reverse reaction of chemosensor with MeOH is useful to construct a combinatorial logic circuit gates. The interaction mechanism of chemosensor was deliberated by ¹H NMR, FTIR, and DFT studies. Finally, the chemosensor was useful to detect F^- ions in tooth-paste sample and test strip is prepared for F^- ions detection.

Fluoride occurrences, health problems, detection, and remediation methods for drinking water: A comprehensive review

Fluoride contamination has become a considerable threat to our society worldwide. Fluoride in drinking water is primarily due to rich fluoride soil, volcanic activity, forage, grasses and grains, and anthropogenic reasons. World Health Organization has regulated the upper limit for fluoride in drinking water to be 1.5 mg/L while different countries have set their standards according to their circumstances. Excess amounts of fluoride ions in drinking water can cause dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, arthritis, bone damage, osteoporosis, muscular damage, fatigue, joint-related problems, and chronicle issues. In extreme conditions, it could adversely damage the heart, arteries, kidney, liver, endocrine glands, neuron system, and several other delicate parts of a living organism, briefed in the present article. Moreover, a comprehensive scenario for the situations in countries like, China, Canada, Mexico, United States, Yemen, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Iran, Turkey, Australia, and India affected with high fluoride levels in ground water has been described. To analyze the presence of fluoride molecule, out of different detections methods, ion selective and colorimetric method has been adopted for real situation in the field of water application. Also, different methods to remove fluoride from water like reverse osmosis, nano filtration, adsorption, ion-exchange, and precipitation/coagulation with their removal mechanism were highlighted in the review. Moreover, the applicability of the approach with the prospect of country's economic status has been discussed, due to high cost and maintenance the membrane technology is not popular in developing countries like India, Senegal, Tanzania, and Kenya which employ adsorption and coagulation-precipitation for fluoride removal. It is noticeable from literature study that different approaches show unique potential for defluoridation. Some key parameters and mechanistic adaptations which could pave the defluoridation methods to newer horizons have been put forward.

Novel Quinoline-Derived Chemosensors: Synthesis, Anion Recognition, Spectroscopic and Computational Study

Fluorescent-small molecules offer an excellent source of chemosensors when optimized for detection of anions with sensitivity and selectivity, low-cost and robust synthesis. In the present study we synthesized new quinoline-based...

A Novel Coumarin-based Fluorescent Probe with Aggregation Induced Emission for Detecting CN- and its Applications in Bioimaging

Although cyanogen ion (CN^-) plays important role in industry which also bring acute environmental pollution. More serious, trace CN^- enters the human body can cause serious consequences and even death. Therefore, it is of great significance to detect trace CN^- with high sensitivity. Herein, a novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe C-BH was synthesized based on coumarin matrix. Probe C-BH showed high selectivity and sensitivity toward CN^- by dual channel response due to the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). The low detection limit was calculated to be 0.05 µM. Moreover, probe C-BH was successfully used for imaging CN^- in living cells and zebrafish due to its low toxicity and excellent optical properties.

A New Reversible Colorimetric Chemosensor Based on Julolidine Moiety for Detecting F. J Fluoresc 2021;31:1675-1682. [PMID: 34387807 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

We synthesized an original reversible colorimetric chemosensor PDJ ((E)-9-((2-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)hydrazono)methyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-8-ol) for the detection of F^-. PDJ displayed a selective colorimetric detection to F^- with a variation of color from colorless to yellow. Limit of detection of PDJ for F^- was calculated as 12.1 µM. The binding mode of PDJ and F^- turned out to be a 1:1 ratio using Job plot. Sensing process of F^- by PDJ was demonstrated by ¹H NMR titration and DFT calculation studies that suggested hydrogen bond interactions followed by deprotonation. Moreover, the practicality of PDJ was demonstrated via a reversible test with TFA (trifluoroacetic acid).

A novel ICT-based chemosensor for F- and its application in real samples and bioimaging

A novel colorimetric and fluorescent chemosensor MQS-Si with intramolecular charge transfer character has been designed and synthesized. The chemosensor shows exclusively "off-on" fluorescence response toward F^- at 620 nm in HEPES (pH 7.4): DMSO solution (7:3, v/v), which is attributed to the specific cleavage of Si-O bond. The ultrasensitive detection limit for F^- in the fluorescence measurement is down to 30 nM. Application of the chemosensor has been demonstrated by selective detection of F^- in drinking water, urine and serum samples and fluorescence imaging of F^- in living cells and zebrafish, which proves that MQS-Si has a promising application in vitro and in vivo detection of F^- and may be utilized for the diagnosis of fluorosis and esteofluorosis.

Coumarin-Based Triapine Derivatives and Their Copper(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and mR2 RNR Inhibition Activity

A series of thiosemicarbazone-coumarin hybrids (HL¹-HL³ and H₂L⁴) has been synthesised in 12 steps and used for the preparation of mono- and dinuclear copper(II) complexes, namely Cu(HL¹)Cl₂ (1), Cu(HL²)Cl₂ (2), Cu(HL³)Cl₂ (3) and Cu₂(H₂L⁴)Cl₄ (4), isolated in hydrated or solvated forms. Both the organic hybrids and their copper(II) and dicopper(II) complexes were comprehensively characterised by analytical and spectroscopic techniques, i.e., elemental analysis, ESI mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR, IR and UV–vis spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and spectroelectrochemistry (SEC). Re-crystallisation of 1 from methanol afforded single crystals of copper(II) complex with monoanionic ligand Cu(L¹)Cl, which could be studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). The prepared copper(II) complexes and their metal-free ligands revealed antiproliferative activity against highly resistant cancer cell lines, including triple negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, sensitive COLO-205 and multidrug resistant COLO-320 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, as well as in healthy human lung fibroblasts MRC-5 and compared to those for triapine and doxorubicin. In addition, their ability to reduce the tyrosyl radical in mouse R2 protein of ribonucleotide reductase has been ascertained by EPR spectroscopy and the results were compared with those for triapine.

Coumarin functionalized molecular scaffolds for the effectual detection of hazardous fluoride and cyanide

Fluoride and cyanide contamination in drinking water imposes detrimental impacts on human health above their permissible limits. Hence, the quantitative detection of these colourless water-soluble toxins has attracted attention. Even though a plethora of chemosensors have been reported so far for the detection of fluoride and cyanide from various matrices, still their applicability is limited to a few examples. Nevertheless, recent advances in the syntheses of coumarin derivatives have shown significant impact on fluoride and cyanide detection. Therefore, this present review provides a brief overview of the application of coumarin-coupled molecular scaffolds towards the detection of perilous fluoride and cyanide along with their sensing mechanisms in order to develop more innovative, simple, sensitive, real-time responsive and cost-effective coumarin-based supramolecular chemosensors to promote next generation approaches towards the ultra-trace quantitative detection of these toxic anions.

A novel colorimetric and ratiometric fluoride ion sensor derived from gallic acid

We report a novel colorimetric and ratiometric fluoride ion sensor derived from gallic acid.

Systematic approach of chromone skeleton for detecting Mg2+, ion: Applications for sustainable cytotoxicity and cell imaging possibilities

The systematic studies of chromone appended novel chemosensors, favored to Mg²⁺ ion detection, these were analyzed and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques such as NMR, mass spectroscopy, FTIR and optical techniques. The binding demeanor of the ligands was executed with the library of metal ions and shown the good coordination with Mg²⁺ ion to the ligand's cavity. Both ligands demonstrated good binding behavior with Mg²⁺ ion. The ligands represented 1: 1 stoichiometry with Mg²⁺ ions through Job's plot. The low limit of detection of Mg²⁺ ion was determined as 2.56 × 10^-6 and 1.28 × 10^-6 for L_a and L_b respectively. No interference was occurred in Inference study by foreign metal ions that supported the specific detection of Mg²⁺ ion among the other metal ions. Further, the cytotoxicity assay test of these chromone appended ligands revealed that both ligands and their respective compound with Mg²⁺ ion shown negligible toxicity with HeLa cancer cell line. Further, due to the fluorescence properties of the ligands, with or without Mg²⁺ ion was successfully tested in bioimaging experiment of HeLa cancer cell lines and found that ligands with Mg²⁺ ions represented good imaging with HeLa cancer cell.

Detection of toxic fluoride ion via chromogenic and fluorogenic sensing. A comprehensive review of the year 2015-2019

Fluoride ion (F^-) contamination can be accumulated along the water and the food chain and cause serious risk to public health. It is of the greatest importance that selects the suitable chromophores and fluorophores for the design and synthesis of outstanding selective, sensitive chromogenic and fluorogenic probes for detection of fluoride ion. In this review is mainly focused on the current progress of fluoride ion detection according to their receptors into several categories like anthracene, azo, benzothiazole, BODIPY, calixarene, coumarin, imidazole, diketopyrrolopyrrole, hydrazone, imidazole, naphthalene, naphthalimide, quantum dots, Schiff base and urea group sensing in the year 2015-2019.

A mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe for hypochlorite sensing and its application in bioimaging

A coumarin-diaminomaleonitrile derivative was prepared and used for detecting OCl⁻ in living cells and zebrafish. Its high selectivity, sensitivity and low toxicity indicate that it is an ideal tool for biological applications.

Novel nitro-substituted formazan derivatives: selective ratiometric and colorimetric chemosensors for fluoride anion sensing detectable by the naked eye

This study is the first report of formazan derivatives designed as chemosensors for fluoride anion recognition.

Coumarin-Based Small-Molecule Fluorescent Chemosensors

Coumarins are a very large family of compounds containing the unique 2H-chromen-2-one motif, as it is known according to IUPAC nomenclature. Coumarin derivatives are widely found in nature, especially in plants and are constituents of several essential oils. Up to now, thousands of coumarin derivatives have been isolated from nature or produced by chemists. More recently, the coumarin platform has been widely adopted in the design of small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors because of its excellent biocompatibility, strong and stable fluorescence emission, and good structural flexibility. This scaffold has found wide applications in the development of fluorescent chemosensors in the fields of molecular recognition, molecular imaging, bioorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, as well as in the biology and medical science communities. This review focuses on the important progress of coumarin-based small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors during the period of 2012-2018. This comprehensive and critical review may facilitate the development of more powerful fluorescent chemosensors for broad and exciting applications in the future.

A novel bifunctional fluorescent and colorimetric probe for detection of mercury and fluoride ions

A fluorescent and colorimetric probe L1 based on a simple coumarin derivative for detection of Hg²⁺ and F^- ions was developed. Upon addition of Hg²⁺ and F^- ions, L1 underwent desulfurization and desilylation, respectively, to induce marked increase in the fluorescence intensity and sharp color change from light yellow to dark purple and light brown, respectively. Probe L1 could be used for sensing and for quantitative measurement of Hg²⁺ and F^- ions by both UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The bifunctional probe exhibited a high selectivity over other competitive cations and anions and could be used in both organic and aqueous media over a wide pH range.

A near-infrared and two-photon dual-mode fluorescent probe for the colorimetric monitoring of SO2in vitro and in vivo

A near-infrared and two-photon dual-mode fluorescent CY probe was developed for the colorimetric monitoring of SO₂in vitro and in vivo.

A hydrazono-quinoline-based chemosensor sensing In3+ and Zn2+via fluorescence turn-on and ClO−via color change in aqueous solution

A multi-target sensor, based on hydrazono-quinoline, was developed for fluorescence turn-on detection of In³⁺ and Zn²⁺ and colorimetric detection of ClO⁻.

Calix[4]arene containing thiourea and coumarin functionality as highly selective fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensor for fluoride ion

A novel calix[4]arene based chemosensor L which contains coumarin and thiourea group has been synthesized and characterized. Interestingly, probe L exhibits both fluorescent and colorimetric response to fluoride anion with high selectivity and sensitivity. The addition of F^- to a solution of probe L resulted in obvious naked-eye color change from colorless to orange under daylight and prominent fluorescence quenching. Further studies showed that the recognition process was less affected by other anions. The binding property of L with F^- was studied by a combination of combination of various spectroscopic techniques, such as absorption spectra, fluorescence titration, Job's plot and ¹H NMR titration. We are anticipating that this architecture with functional group attached to upper rim of calix[4]arene platform may provide a new approach for the development of F^- chemosensor.

The first colorimetric receptor for the B4O72− anion based on nitro substituted phenanthroimidazole ferrocene derivatives

Four phenanthroimidazole ferrocene derivatives (2a–2d) were synthesized. Recognition of 12 anions by 2a–2d was investigated by UV-Vis absorption analysis, showing that 2b and 2d sensed B₄O₇²⁻ selectively with an obvious color change observed.