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Kim MJ, Wang DJ, Targos K, Garcia UA, Harris AF, Guzei IA, Wickens ZK. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Cyclopropanes from Carbon Pronucleophiles and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303032. [PMID: 36929023 PMCID: PMC10189787 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cyclopropanes are desirable structural motifs with valuable applications in drug discovery and beyond. Established alkene cyclopropanation methods give rise to cyclopropanes with a limited array of substituents, are difficult to scale, or both. Herein, we disclose a new cyclopropane synthesis through the formal coupling of abundant carbon pronucleophiles and unactivated alkenes. This strategy exploits dicationic adducts derived from electrolysis of thianthrene in the presence of alkene substrates. We find that these dielectrophiles undergo cyclopropanation with methylene pronucleophiles via alkenyl thianthrenium intermediates. This protocol is scalable, proceeds with high diastereoselectivity, and tolerates diverse functional groups on both the alkene and pronucleophile coupling partners. To validate the utility of this new procedure, we prepared an array of substituted analogs of an established cyclopropane that is en route to multiple pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States
| | - Diana J. Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States
| | - Karina Targos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States
| | - Uriel A. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States
| | - Alison F. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States
| | - Zachary K. Wickens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States
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2
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Ashok M, J AD, Leuser H, Malapati AK, Parker JS, Rowley NA, Steven A, Timms L, Tyler SNG, Whitmarsh S. Expedited Kilolab Development of AZD7624 Using Kulinkovich-de Meijere Cyclopropanation. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Ashok
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Ashwini D. J
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Helena Leuser
- Chemical Development, Carbogen Amcis AG, Hunzenschwil CH-5502, Switzerland
| | - Ajaya K. Malapati
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Jeremy S. Parker
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Naomi A. Rowley
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Alan Steven
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Lee Timms
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Simon N. G. Tyler
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Samuel Whitmarsh
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
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3
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Cockerill GS, Angell RM, Bedernjak A, Chuckowree I, Fraser I, Gascon-Simorte J, Gilman MSA, Good JAD, Harland R, Johnson SM, Ludes-Meyers JH, Littler E, Lumley J, Lunn G, Mathews N, McLellan JS, Paradowski M, Peeples ME, Scott C, Tait D, Taylor G, Thom M, Thomas E, Villalonga Barber C, Ward SE, Watterson D, Williams G, Young P, Powell K. Discovery of Sisunatovir (RV521), an Inhibitor of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3658-3676. [PMID: 33729773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RV521 is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion that was identified after a lead optimization process based upon hits that originated from a physical property directed hit profiling exercise at Reviral. This exercise encompassed collaborations with a number of contract organizations with collaborative medicinal chemistry and virology during the optimization phase in addition to those utilized as the compound proceeded through preclinical and clinical evaluation. RV521 exhibited a mean IC50 of 1.2 nM against a panel of RSV A and B laboratory strains and clinical isolates with antiviral efficacy in the Balb/C mouse model of RSV infection. Oral bioavailability in preclinical species ranged from 42 to >100% with evidence of highly efficient penetration into lung tissue. In healthy adult human volunteers experimentally infected with RSV, a potent antiviral effect was observed with a significant reduction in viral load and symptoms compared to placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stuart Cockerill
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Richard M Angell
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, England BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Alexandre Bedernjak
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Irina Chuckowree
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, England BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Ian Fraser
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Jose Gascon-Simorte
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, England BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Morgan S A Gilman
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - James A D Good
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Rachel Harland
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Sara M Johnson
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43205, United States
| | - John H Ludes-Meyers
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Edward Littler
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - James Lumley
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Graham Lunn
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, England BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Neil Mathews
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Jason S McLellan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Michael Paradowski
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Mark E Peeples
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43205, United States
| | - Claire Scott
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Dereck Tait
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | - Geraldine Taylor
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, U.K
| | - Michelle Thom
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, U.K
| | - Elaine Thomas
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
| | | | - Simon E Ward
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Daniel Watterson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Gareth Williams
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, England BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Paul Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kenneth Powell
- Reviral Ltd., Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2FX, U.K
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Zhang RY, Jin F, Bao XG, Li HY, Xu XP, Ji SJ. Synthesis of Spiro 3,3'-Cyclopropyl Oxindoles Via N-Bromosuccinimide-Mediated Ring-Closing and Contraction Cascade. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1141-1151. [PMID: 33314930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An N-bromosuccinimide-mediated cascade reaction involving the cyclization/oxygen-migration/ring-contraction process of 3-(β, β-diaryl) indolylethanol was disclosed. A variety of spiro 3,3'-cyclopropyl oxindole derivatives were efficiently synthesized in good yields under mild reaction conditions. A possible mechanism was suggested based on intermediate isolation and computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Guang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Analysis and Testing Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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