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Dobšíková K, Taušová T, Fagan P, Paškanová N, Kuchař M, Čejka J, Setnička V. Solid-state vibrational circular dichroism: Methodology and application for amphetamine derivatives. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123486. [PMID: 37820493 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Amphetamine derivatives are considered most seized substances worldwide. In this study, solid-state vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) measurements of enantiomerically pure substances were performed for spectroscopic discrimination between (S)- and (R)-enantiomers. First, we have developed a universal experimental approach to obtain reliable and reproducible solid-state VCD spectra. First, the samples were prepared as pellets composed of mixtures of camphor as a model compound and a crystalline matrix powder. In order to obtain the best results without artifacts and with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio, the following experimental conditions were optimized: pellet thickness and diameter and sample rotation speed. The optimized parameters were then used for the analysis of amphetamine and its derivatives (methamphetamine and 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine). Our high-quality spectra and results suggest that solid-state VCD spectroscopy represents a cost-effective and easy-to-use method for the analysis of conformation changes and molecular packing in solid-state with potential applications in pharmaceutical and forensic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dobšíková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - T Taušová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - P Fagan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - N Paškanová
- Forensic Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - M Kuchař
- Forensic Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic; Psychedelic Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic
| | - J Čejka
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - V Setnička
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
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Upmanis T, Sevostjanovs E, Kažoka H. Chiral recognition mechanism studies of Tyr-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH 2 tetrapeptide on crown ether-based chiral stationary phase. Chirality 2024; 36:e23619. [PMID: 37700546 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Even though chiral recognition for crown-ether CSPs is generally understood, on a molecular level, exact mechanisms for the resolution are still unclear. Furthermore, short peptide analytes often contain multiple amino moieties capable of binding to the crown ether selector. In order to extend the understanding in chiral recognition mechanisms, polar organic mode separation of Tyr-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 tetrapeptide llll/dddd enantiomers on S- and R-(3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 stationary phases was studied with 50-mM perchloric acid in methanol as mobile phase. Deviation from the generally acceptable 1:1 stoichiometry was supported by mass spectroscopy analysis of the formed complexes between tetrapeptide enantiomer and crown ether selectors, which revealed adducts possessing 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 stoichiometry. Further investigation of complexation induced shifts by NMR indicated on different binding mechanisms between llll/dddd enantiomers of Tyr-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 and crown ether selectors. Enantioselective proton shifts were observed in studied tetrapeptide tyrosine and phenylalanine residues exclusively for llll enantiomer upon binding with S-(3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 selector (and dddd enantiomer with R-(3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 selector), indicating that these two amino acid residues contribute to chiral recognition. The obtained results were in agreement with the LC data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toms Upmanis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Helena Kažoka
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
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3
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Horváth S, Nguyen Thuy HH, Eke Z, Németh G. Exploitation of the enantioselectivity space of coated amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) in mixtures of 2-propanol and acetonitrile. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464161. [PMID: 37352691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Chiral stationary phases (CSPs) with coated amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (ADMPC) selector have long been recognized for their excellent chiral recognition ability in liquid chromatography. The conformational versatility behind this feature is the source of their known hysteretic behavior, which has been previously observed in polar organic (PO) mode eluents containing 2-propanol (IPA). Mixtures of IPA and acetonitrile (MeCN), a typical PO mode eluent system, have not been examined in this aspect yet, even though hysteresis is promising for finding unique unexplored enantioselectivities. Not only was the hysteresis detectable on ADMPC using mixtures of IPA and MeCN, but it was the typical behavior in a diverse set of test compounds. The difference in the retention time of the same analyte under conditions which only differed in the eluent history on the column can go up to 20-fold. The assumed hindered conformational changes of the selector were reflected in retention drift at certain eluent compositions. On the two sides of the transitions, distinct, useful states of the selector were detected. A series of IPA - MeCN compositions with defined pretreatment was selected and recommended as an extension of the preliminary, first choice method screening set that used only alcohols. The incorporation of a solvent possessing substantially different characteristics enhances the potential in practical applications, while keeping the technical simplicity. Stability and robustness of the additional states of the CSP were characterized. The examined columns of different brands shared the observed behavior. Kinetic stability of a column state is adequate for successful application. The evaluated states of ADMPC provide multiple enantiorecognition potential by using mixtures of IPA and MeCN also considering the pretreatment of the column. Unprecedented double and triple elution order reversals along the composition range supported the versatility of the available states. Our findings further enhance the usefulness of ADMPC-containing CSPs. We provide instructions for the application of the widespread chiral selector in common eluent mixtures to avoid pitfalls regarding reproducibility and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Horváth
- Drug Substance Development Division, Egis Pharmaceuticals PLC, P.O. Box 100, Budapest H-1475, Hungary.
| | - Hong Ha Nguyen Thuy
- Drug Substance Development Division, Egis Pharmaceuticals PLC, P.O. Box 100, Budapest H-1475, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Eke
- Joint Research and Training Laboratory on Separation Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Gábor Németh
- Drug Substance Development Division, Egis Pharmaceuticals PLC, P.O. Box 100, Budapest H-1475, Hungary.
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4
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Buljan A, Roje M. Application of Green Chiral Chromatography in Enantioseparation of Newly Synthesized Racemic Marinoepoxides. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080530. [PMID: 36005533 PMCID: PMC9409916 DOI: 10.3390/md20080530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioseparation of the newly synthesized series of novel quinoline-2(1H)-one epoxide structures rac-6a-c and rac-8a-c, named marinoepoxides, is described. Marinoepoxide rac-6a, the key intermediate in the total synthesis of natural products marinoaziridines A and B, as well as their structural analogues, was synthesized by addition of the achiral ylide generated in situ from the sulfonium salt 5 or 7, to the carbon-oxygen double bond of the corresponding quinoline-2(1H)-one-4-carbaldehyde 4a-c in good yield. Separation of enantiomers of (±)-2,3,3-trisubstituted marinoepoxides rac-6a-c and (±)-trans-2,3-disubstituted marinoepoxides rac-8a-c was studied using two immobilized polysaccharide type chiral stationary phases (CSPs); tris-(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)cellulose stationary phase (CHIRAL ART Cellulose-SC) and tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl)amylose stationary phase (CHIRAL ART Amylose-SA). Enantioseparation conditions were explored by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using dimethyl carbonate/alcohol mixtures and n-hexane/ethanol (80/20, v/v) as mobile phase, and by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) using CO2/alcohol mixtures as mobile phase. In all examined racemates, enantioseparation was successfully achieved, but its efficiency largely depended on the structure of chiral selector and type/composition of the mobile phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marin Roje
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-45-71-283
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5
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Peluso P, Chankvetadze B. Recognition in the Domain of Molecular Chirality: From Noncovalent Interactions to Separation of Enantiomers. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13235-13400. [PMID: 35917234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is not a coincidence that both chirality and noncovalent interactions are ubiquitous in nature and synthetic molecular systems. Noncovalent interactivity between chiral molecules underlies enantioselective recognition as a fundamental phenomenon regulating life and human activities. Thus, noncovalent interactions represent the narrative thread of a fascinating story which goes across several disciplines of medical, chemical, physical, biological, and other natural sciences. This review has been conceived with the awareness that a modern attitude toward molecular chirality and its consequences needs to be founded on multidisciplinary approaches to disclose the molecular basis of essential enantioselective phenomena in the domain of chemical, physical, and life sciences. With the primary aim of discussing this topic in an integrated way, a comprehensive pool of rational and systematic multidisciplinary information is provided, which concerns the fundamentals of chirality, a description of noncovalent interactions, and their implications in enantioselective processes occurring in different contexts. A specific focus is devoted to enantioselection in chromatography and electromigration techniques because of their unique feature as "multistep" processes. A second motivation for writing this review is to make a clear statement about the state of the art, the tools we have at our disposal, and what is still missing to fully understand the mechanisms underlying enantioselective recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB, CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Avenue 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
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6
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A protocol to replace dedication to either normal phase or polar organic mode for chiral stationary phases containing amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463052. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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Noncovalent interactions in high-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparations on polysaccharide-based chiral selectors. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1623:461202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Cheng L, Cai J, Fu Q, Ke Y. Enantiomeric analysis of simendan on polysaccharide‐based stationary phases by polar organic solvent chromatography. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2097-2104. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingping Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process ChemistryEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process ChemistryEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process ChemistryEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yanxiong Ke
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process ChemistryEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
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9
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Scriba GK. Chiral recognition in separation sciences. Part I: Polysaccharide and cyclodextrin selectors. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Matarashvili I, Kobidze G, Chelidze A, Dolidze G, Beridze N, Jibuti G, Farkas T, Chankvetadze B. The effect of temperature on the separation of enantiomers with coated and covalently immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1599:172-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Fu LL, Wang XC, Fu KQ, Xi JB, Chen W, Tang S, Bai ZW. Dependence of enantioseparation performance on structure of chiral selectors derived from N-cycloalkylcarbonyl chitosan. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Chromatographic and thermodynamic comparison of amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) coated or covalently immobilized on silica in high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of select chiral weak acids. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1602:228-236. [PMID: 31126590 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The separation of enantiomers of some chiral weak acids was studied in HPLC with chiral HPLC columns prepared by coating or covalent immobilization of the same chiral selector, namely amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) onto silica. After screening some representatives of arylpropionic acid derivatives, coumarins and barbiturates in hydrocarbon-alcohol type mobile phases, we studied the temperature dependence of separation parameters for ketoprofen and naproxen. Instances of reversal of the enantiomer elution order were observed function of column temperature, nature of polar modifier and its content in the mobile phase, as well as between the coated and covalently immobilized versions of the columns made with more-or-less the same chiral selector. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibb's free energy, the standard molar entropy and the standard molar enthalpy of analyte transfer from the mobile to the stationary phase were calculated in some cases in order to explain the differences observed in the enantiomer separation ability and pattern of coated and covalently immobilized columns.
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13
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Yin C, Zhang J, Chang L, Zhang M, Yang T, Zhang X, Zhang J. Regioselectively substituted cellulose mixed esters synthesized by two-steps route to understand chiral recognition mechanism and fabricate high-performance chiral stationary phases. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1073:90-98. [PMID: 31146840 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It is challenging to design and fabricate new and high-performance cellulose-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs), due to the indistinct chiral recognition mechanism and the inherent difficulty to control the structure of cellulose derivatives. Herein, taking advantage of the high regioselective benzoylation of cellulose in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, a series of regioselectively substituted cellulose mixed esters, cellulose 6-benzoate-2,3-phenylcarbamate, are directly obtained by a facile two-steps route without protecting and deprotecting process. The resultant cellulose mixed esters exhibit high chiral recognition capability. In particular, when the benzoate group has an electron-donating substituent on phenyl ring, such as 4-tert-butyl group, the corresponding regioselectively substituted cellulose mixed esters have much better enantioseparation capability than cellulose tri(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate), which is commercially available as Chiralcel OD column, one of the most powerful CSPs. More importantly, via adjusting the chemical structure of cellulose derivatives and adding a post-treatment process to optimize their chiral recognition properties, the chiral recognition mechanism is clearly revealed. The synergy of the hydrophobic helical conformation, weak hydrogen-bond donating ability and appropriate distribution of substituents of cellulose derivatives is essential to fabricate high-performance CSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Limin Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing Key Laboratory of Organic Materials Testing Technology & Quality Evaluation, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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14
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Zhang GH, Fu KQ, Xi JB, Chen W, Tang S, Bai ZW. Structure screening and performance restoration of chiral separation materials based on chitosan derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 214:259-268. [PMID: 30925995 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to screen chiral selector structure and find structure-property relationship, ten chitosan 3,6-bis(phenylcarbamate)-2-(cyclopropylformamide)s were synthesized from which corresponding chiral stationary phases were prepared. Enantioseparation capability and mobile phase tolerability of the chiral stationary phases were evaluated. The chiral selectors with 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl and 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl groups demonstrated powerful enantioseparation capability. Enantioseparation capability was found to be dependent on a match between the substituent at C2 and the one attached to phenyl group at C3/C6 of glucose unit in the chitosan derivatives. Moreover, the tolerability tests revealed that the developed chiral stationary phases were highly tolerable to pure ethyl acetate, pure acetone and n-hexane/tetrahydrofuran of various ratios. In addition, n-hexane/tetrahydrofuran was found to be a modifier to adjust suprastructure of the chitosan derivatives, resulting in an improvement or restoration in enantioseparation. This observation implies n-hexane/tetrahydrofuran may make a damaged chiral selector restore its enantioseparation capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Ke-Qin Fu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Jiang-Bo Xi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Zheng-Wu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China.
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15
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Kurouski D. Advances of Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) in bioanalytical chemistry. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 990:54-66. [PMID: 29029743 PMCID: PMC10389559 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) is a unique and relatively new spectroscopic technique that is capable of determining an absolute configuration of chiral molecules. VCD can be also used to determine structure of large macromolecules. This review highlights the most recent advances of VCD in bioanalytical chemistry. It shows that VCD is capable of unraveling supramolecular organization of peptides, proteins, saccharides, glycerophospholipids, polypeptide microcrystals, as well as amyloid fibrils and DNA. This review also demonstrates how VCD can be utilized to explore molecule-molecule interactions that determine mechanisms of chiral separations in chromatography. It aims to attract attention of scientists from all different research areas demonstrating the strength and capability of this very powerful spectroscopic technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kurouski
- Department Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 2128 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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16
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Vargas-Caporali J, Juaristi E. Fundamental Developments of Chiral Phase Chromatography in Connection with Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Amino Acids. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Vargas-Caporali
- Departamento de Química; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Avenida IPN No. 2508; 07360 Ciudad de México México
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Avenida IPN No. 2508; 07360 Ciudad de México México
- El Colegio Nacional; Luis González Obregón No. 23, Centro Histórico 06020 Ciudad de México México
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17
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Wang Y, Zhuang Y, Gao J, Zou G, Zhang Q. Enantioselective assembly of amphipathic chiral polymer and racemic chiral small molecules during preparation of micro-scale polymer vesicles. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2751-2756. [PMID: 26853976 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02957k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective assembly is observed during preparation of vesicles from a solution mixture of an amphipathic block copolymer bearing pendent chiral L- or D-phenylalanine groups in hydrophobic segments and racemic chiral small molecules. Primary experimental results reveal that racemic chiral small molecules have been enantioselectively encapsulated into the hydrophobic shells of assembled vesicles with homochiral bilayer membrane structure, showing reverse CD signals compared with the original vesicles. A further study shows that the enantiomeric excess obtained through the enantioselective assembly is directly dependent on the molecular weight of the hydrophobic chiral chain segments, implying both the hydrophobic interaction and chirality are key points during the assembly of vesicles. Other factors, such as hydrogen-bonding interactions and π-π stacking interaction, are also found to be responsible for the enantioselective assembly phenomenon during the formation of the vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
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18
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Eom HY, Kang M, Kang SW, Kim U, Suh JH, Kim J, Cho HD, Jung Y, Yang DH, Han SB. Rapid chiral separation of racemic cetirizine in human plasma using subcritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 117:380-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Shen J, Okamoto Y. Efficient Separation of Enantiomers Using Stereoregular Chiral Polymers. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1094-138. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Polymer
Materials Research Center, Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials
and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials
Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yoshio Okamoto
- Polymer
Materials Research Center, Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials
and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials
Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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20
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Khater S, West C. Insights into chiral recognition mechanisms in supercritical fluid chromatography V. Effect of the nature and proportion of alcohol mobile phase modifier with amylose and cellulose tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1373:197-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tsui HW, Franses EI, Wang NHL. Effect of alcohol aggregation on the retention factors of chiral solutes with an amylose-based sorbent: Modeling and implications for the adsorption mechanism. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1328:52-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Tsui HW, Wang NHL, Franses EI. Chiral Recognition Mechanism of Acyloin-Containing Chiral Solutes by Amylose Tris[(S)-α-methylbenzylcarbamate]. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:9203-16. [PMID: 23848510 DOI: 10.1021/jp404549t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wei Tsui
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907-2100, United States
| | - N.-H. Linda Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907-2100, United States
| | - Elias I. Franses
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907-2100, United States
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23
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Tsui HW, Hwang MY, Ling L, Franses EI, Wang NHL. Retention models and interaction mechanisms of acetone and other carbonyl-containing molecules with amylose tris[(S)-α-methylbenzylcarbamate] sorbent. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1279:36-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Chiral recognition phenomena play an important role in nature as well as analytical separation sciences. In separation sciences such as chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, enantiospecific interactions between the enantiomers of an analyte and the chiral selector are required in order to observe enantioseparations. Due to the large structural variety of chiral selectors applied, different mechanisms and structural features contribute to the chiral recognition process. This chapter briefly illustrates the current models of the enantiospecific recognition on the structural basics of various chiral selectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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26
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Arakawa S, Terao K, Kitamura S, Sato T. Conformational change of an amylose derivative in chiral solvents: amylose tris(n-butylcarbamate) in ethyl lactates. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00432h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Xiang C, Liu G, Kang S, Guo X, Yao B, Weng W, Zeng Q. Unusual chromatographic enantioseparation behavior of naproxen on an immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8718-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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29
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Reversal of Elution Order between Enantiomers of Binaphthol on an Immobilized Polysaccharide-Based Chiral Stationary Phase. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Nicu VP, Heshmat M, Baerends EJ. Signatures of counter-ion association and hydrogen bonding in vibrational circular dichroism spectra. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:8811-25. [PMID: 21465018 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02701d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study the effect of counter-ion complexation on the example of Cl(-) ions interacting with the [Co(en)(3)](3+) complex. The H-bonding of the N-H groups of the ethylenediamine (en) ligands with the Cl(-) ions may lead to giant enhancement of the VCD intensity for the N-H stretches, but may also lead to VCD sign changes in the finger print region of N-H wagging, twisting and scissoring motions. Such sign changes should not be mistaken for signatures of the presence of the other enantiomer. We elucidate the mechanism for the sign changes and give a recommendation on how to deal with this problem. We also show that the experimental spectrum is only in good accord with the calculations if complexation of 5 Cl(-) ions (two axial, three equatorial) is assumed, but not with two (axial) or three (equatorial) Cl(-) ions, thus showing the potential of VCD to be used as an experimental probe for complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Paul Nicu
- Theoretical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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31
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Olariu RI, Vione D, Grinberg N, Arsene C. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR TRACE ANALYSIS BY CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2010.484371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romeo-Iulian Olariu
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
| | - Davide Vione
- b Dipartimento di Chimica Analitica , Università di Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- c Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Ridgefield , Connecticut , USA
| | - Cecilia Arsene
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
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Tsuda M, Terao K, Nakamura Y, Kita Y, Kitamura S, Sato T. Solution Properties of Amylose Tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) and Amylose Tris(phenylcarbamate): Side Group and Solvent Dependent Chain Stiffness in Methyl Acetate, 2-Butanone, and 4-Methyl-2-pentanone. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1006528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Tsuda
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Ken Terao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yasuko Nakamura
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kita
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kitamura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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33
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Terao K, Murashima M, Sano Y, Arakawa S, Kitamura S, Norisuye T. Conformational, Dimensional, and Hydrodynamic Properties of Amylose Tris(n-butylcarbamate) in Tetrahydrofuran, Methanol, and Their Mixtures. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902200z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Terao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Maiko Murashima
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sano
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shota Arakawa
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kitamura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takashi Norisuye
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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Lämmerhofer M. Chiral recognition by enantioselective liquid chromatography: mechanisms and modern chiral stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1217:814-56. [PMID: 19906381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An overview of the state-of-the-art in LC enantiomer separation is presented. This tutorial review is mainly focused on mechanisms of chiral recognition and enantiomer distinction of popular chiral selectors and corresponding chiral stationary phases including discussions of thermodynamics, additivity principle of binding increments, site-selective thermodynamics, extrathermodynamic approaches, methods employed for the investigation of dominating intermolecular interactions and complex structures such as spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR), X-ray diffraction and computational methods. Modern chiral stationary phases are discussed with particular focus on those that are commercially available and broadly used. It is attempted to provide the reader with vivid images of molecular recognition mechanisms of selected chiral selector-selectand pairs on basis of solid-state X-ray crystal structures and simulated computer models, respectively. Such snapshot images illustrated in this communication unfortunately cannot account for the molecular dynamics of the real world, but are supposed to be helpful for the understanding. The exploding number of papers about applications of various chiral stationary phases in numerous fields of enantiomer separations is not covered systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lämmerhofer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Recognition Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Ma S, Shen S, Lee H, Eriksson M, Zeng X, Xu J, Fandrick K, Yee N, Senanayake C, Grinberg N. Mechanistic studies on the chiral recognition of polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases using liquid chromatography and vibrational circular dichroism. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:3784-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Ma S, Shen S, Haddad N, Tang W, Wang J, Lee H, Yee N, Senanayake C, Grinberg N. Chromatographic and spectroscopic studies on the chiral recognition of sulfated β-cyclodextrin as chiral mobile phase additive. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:1232-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Revised: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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