1
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Zhu DX, Xu MH. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Direct Enantioselective C-H Functionalization of Indoles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36724384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A highly regiospecific vinylogous carbene insertion protocol for direct asymmetric C-H functionalization of indoles with arylvinyldiazoacetates has been developed. Under the catalysis of simple Rh(I)/chiral diene complexes, the reaction occurs solely at the vinylogous position of the vinylcarbenoid with exceptional E selectivity and enantiocontrol. It provides an efficient way to obtain an interesting class of chiral indole scaffolds bearing an α,β-unsaturated ester unit and a gem-diaryl carbon stereocenter in good yields (≤99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (≤96%) at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ming-Hua Xu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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2
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Leveille AN, Echemendía R, Mattson AE, Burtoloso ACB. Enantioselective Indole Insertion Reactions of α-Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides. Org Lett 2021; 23:9446-9450. [PMID: 34854689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first example of organocatalytic enantioselective C-H insertion reactions of indoles and sulfoxonium ylides is reported. Under the influence of phosphoric acid catalysis, levels of enantiocontrol in the range of 20-93% ee and moderate yields (up to 50%) were achieved for 29 examples in formal C-H insertion reactions of free indoles and α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides. No nitrogen protection on the indole is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria N Leveille
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Radell Echemendía
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anita E Mattson
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Antonio C B Burtoloso
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Abshire A, Moore D, Courtney J, Darko A. Heteroleptic dirhodium(II,II) paddlewheel complexes as carbene transfer catalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8886-8905. [PMID: 34611688 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the applications of dirhodium(II,II) paddlewheel complexes with a heteroleptic scaffold. Dirhodium(II,II) paddlewheel complexes are well known as highly efficient and selective carbene transfer catalysts. While the majority of described complexes are homoleptic, comparatively fewer studies have concerned heteroleptic complexes. Here, we emphasise the use of heteroleptic complexes in order to highlight their benefits as carbene transfer catalysts and spur future research. Methods to synthesise heteroleptic dirhodium(II,II) paddlewheel complexes are discussed as well as a categorical review of their types of heteroleptic complexes and the carbene reactions in which they have been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Abshire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37796-1600, USA.
| | - Desiree Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37796-1600, USA.
| | - Jobe Courtney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37796-1600, USA.
| | - Ampofo Darko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37796-1600, USA.
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4
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Zhu DX, Xia H, Liu JG, Chung LW, Xu MH. Regiospecific and Enantioselective Arylvinylcarbene Insertion of a C–H Bond of Aniline Derivatives Enabled by a Rh(I)-Diene Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2608-2619. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu-chongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lung Wa Chung
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming-Hua Xu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu-chongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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5
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Arisawa M, Hayami K, Kuboki Y, Ohta K, Lin B, Fumimoto M, Nunomura K, Haruta JI, Fujioka H, Asai A, Murai K. Design, Synthesis, Physical Properties and Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase 1 Inhibitory Activity of Substituted Indole Derivatives with N-H, N-Methoxymethyl, or N-Mehylthiomethyl Group toward Fragment-Based Drug Discovery. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Rajeev N, Sharath Kumar KS, Bommegowda YK, Rangappa KS, Sadashiva MP. Catalyst free sequential one‐pot reaction for the synthesis of 3‐indole propanoates/propanoic acid/propanamides as antituberculosis agents. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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El-Harairy A, Shaheen M, Li J, Wu Y, Li M, Gu Y. Synthesis of α-indolylacrylates as potential anticancer agents using a Brønsted acid ionic liquid catalyst and the butyl acetate solvent. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13507-13516. [PMID: 35493022 PMCID: PMC9051412 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00990c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, new α-indolylacrylate derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 2-substituted indoles with various pyruvates using a Brønsted acid ionic liquid catalyst in butyl acetate solvent. This is the first report on the application of pyruvate compounds for the synthesis of indolylacrylates. The acrylate derivatives could be obtained in good to excellent yields. A preliminary biological evaluation revealed their promising anticancer activity (IC50 = 9.73 μM for the compound 4l) and indicated that both the indole core and the acrylate moieties are promising for the development of novel anticancer drugs. The Lipinski's rule and Veber's parameters were assessed for the newly synthesized derivatives. 4lNew α-indolylacrylate derivatives were synthesized by reaction of 2-substituted indoles with various pyruvates using a Brønsted acid ionic liquid catalyst in butyl acetate solvent. This is the first application of pyruvate compounds for the synthesis of indolylacrylates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Harairy
- Environmental, Energy and Green Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University 34511 Damietta Egypt .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Mennatallah Shaheen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University 34511 New Damietta Damietta Egypt
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Minghao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 430074 Wuhan China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Lanzhou 730000 China
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8
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Khan I, Sharma A, Kamboj P, Maity B, Tyagi V. Base‐Mediated Reductive Coupling of Indole‐3‐tosylhydrazone with Thiols/Boronic Acids: Facile Synthesis of 3‐(phenylthio)methyl/benzyl Indole Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala- 147004 Punjab India
| | - Aanchal Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala- 147004 Punjab India
| | - Priya Kamboj
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala- 147004 Punjab India
| | - Banibrata Maity
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala- 147004 Punjab India
| | - Vikas Tyagi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala- 147004 Punjab India
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9
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Bhat AH, Alavi S, Grover HK. Tandem Carbenoid C-H Functionalization/Conia-ene Cyclization of N-Propargyl Indoles Generates Pyrroloindoles under Cooperative Rh(II)/Zn(II) Catalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:224-229. [PMID: 31854993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition of diazodicarbonyl compounds in the presence of various metal catalysts has become a reliable method for the functionalization of indoles via carbenoid intermediates. Exploiting the nucleophilic reactivity of the in situ generated malonic ester product formed, we herein report a tandem C-H functionalization/Conia-ene cyclization of N-alkyne tethered indoles. This double functionalization of diazodicarbonyls generates a range of pyrrolo[1,2-a]-, pyrido[1,2-a]-, and azepino[1,2-a]indole products with good synthetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid H Bhat
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
| | - Sima Alavi
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
| | - Huck K Grover
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
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10
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Kamboj P, Dutt S, Chakroborty S, Tyagi V. CuI-catalyzed highly regioselective C H functionalization of indoles using indole-3-tosylhydrazones as carbene precursor: An efficient synthesis of 3,3-bis(indolyl)methane derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Peeters S, Berntsen LN, Rongved P, Bonge-Hansen T. Cyclopropanation–ring expansion of 3-chloroindoles with α-halodiazoacetates: novel synthesis of 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid and norfloxacin. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2156-2160. [PMID: 31579067 PMCID: PMC6753669 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a short and efficient way of synthesizing two synthetically versatile 4-quinolone-3-carboxylate building blocks by cyclopropanation-ring expansion of 3-chloroindoles with α-halodiazoacetates as the key step. This novel transformation was applied towards the synthesis of the antibiotic drug norfloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Peeters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn Neerbye Berntsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Rongved
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Bonge-Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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12
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Brandenberg OF, Chen K, Arnold FH. Directed Evolution of a Cytochrome P450 Carbene Transferase for Selective Functionalization of Cyclic Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8989-8995. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver F. Brandenberg
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kai Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Frances H. Arnold
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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13
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Vargas DA, Tinoco A, Tyagi V, Fasan R. Myoglobin-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization of Unprotected Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9911-9915. [PMID: 29905974 PMCID: PMC6376986 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized indoles are recurrent motifs in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. While transition metal-catalyzed carbene transfer has provided an attractive route to afford C3-functionalized indoles, these protocols are viable only in the presence of N-protected indoles, owing to competition from the more facile N-H insertion reaction. Herein, a biocatalytic strategy for enabling the direct C-H functionalization of unprotected indoles is reported. Engineered variants of myoglobin provide efficient biocatalysts for this reaction, which has no precedents in the biological world, enabling the transformation of a broad range of indoles in the presence of ethyl α-diazoacetate to give the corresponding C3-functionalized derivatives in high conversion yields and excellent chemoselectivity. This strategy could be exploited to develop a concise chemoenzymatic route to afford the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Vargas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Antonio Tinoco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Vikas Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
- Current address: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India
| | - Rudi Fasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
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14
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Yoo C, Rackl D, Liu W, Hoyt CB, Pimentel B, Lively RP, Davies HML, Jones CW. An Immobilized‐Dirhodium Hollow‐Fiber Flow Reactor for Scalable and Sustainable C−H Functionalization in Continuous Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Jae Yoo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Daniel Rackl
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Caroline B. Hoyt
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Brian Pimentel
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Ryan P. Lively
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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15
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Yoo C, Rackl D, Liu W, Hoyt CB, Pimentel B, Lively RP, Davies HML, Jones CW. An Immobilized‐Dirhodium Hollow‐Fiber Flow Reactor for Scalable and Sustainable C−H Functionalization in Continuous Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10923-10927. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Jae Yoo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Daniel Rackl
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Caroline B. Hoyt
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Brian Pimentel
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Ryan P. Lively
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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16
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Vargas DA, Tinoco A, Tyagi V, Fasan R. Myoglobin‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalization of Unprotected Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Vargas
- Department of Chemistry University of Rochester 120 Trustee Road Rochester NY 14627 USA
| | - Antonio Tinoco
- Department of Chemistry University of Rochester 120 Trustee Road Rochester NY 14627 USA
| | - Vikas Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry University of Rochester 120 Trustee Road Rochester NY 14627 USA
- Current address: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab India
| | - Rudi Fasan
- Department of Chemistry University of Rochester 120 Trustee Road Rochester NY 14627 USA
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17
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Li YP, Li ZQ, Zhu SF. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions of diazo compounds with electron-rich (hetero-) arenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Guo X, Han Q, Tang Z, Su L, Zhang X, Zhang X, Lin S, Huang Q. Rhodium-catalyzed NH-indole-directed ortho C H coupling of 2-arylindoles with diazo compounds via metal carbene migratory insertion. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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19
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Wang S, Liu M, Chen X, Wang H, Zhai H. Copper-catalyzed decarboxylative propargylation/hydroamination reactions: access to C3 β-ketoester-functionalized indoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8375-8378. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04499f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed reaction of ethynyl benzoxazinanones with readily accessible β-ketoesters via a decarboxylative propargylation/hydroamination sequence has been developed. This protocol furnished a diverse range of C3 β-ketoester-functionalized indoles in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Miao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Xinzheng Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Huifei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Hongbin Zhai
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics
- Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
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20
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Shen HQ, Liu C, Zhou J, Zhou YG. Enantioselective palladium-catalyzed C–H functionalization of pyrroles using an axially chiral 2,2′-bipyridine ligand. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00815e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective palladium-catalyzed C–H functionalization of pyrroles with diazoacetates has been developed with up to 90% of enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Ji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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21
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Recent progress in insertion and cyclopropanation reactions of metal carbenoids from α-diazocarbonyl compounds. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-3000-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Chen JB, Jia YX. Recent progress in transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective indole functionalizations. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3550-3567. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00413c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress on the transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective functionalization reaction of indoles is reviewed, which is mainly focused on asymmetric indole alkylations, arylations, cycloaddition reactions, and other reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Biao Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Yi-Xia Jia
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
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23
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James MJ, O'Brien P, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP. Selective Synthesis of Six Products from a Single Indolyl α-Diazocarbonyl Precursor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9671-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
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24
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James MJ, O'Brien P, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP. Selective Synthesis of Six Products from a Single Indolyl α-Diazocarbonyl Precursor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
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25
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Enantio-and diastereoselective desymmetrization of α-alkyl-α-diazoesters by dirhodium(II)-catalyzed intramolecular C–H insertion. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Gao X, Wu B, Yan Z, Zhou YG. Copper-catalyzed enantioselective C–H functionalization of indoles with an axially chiral bipyridine ligand. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:8237-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01516f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed enantioselective functionalization of indoles was developed with an axially chiral bipyridine ligand C4-ACBP with up to 95% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Zhong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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27
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Reddy AR, Hao F, Wu K, Zhou CY, Che CM. Cobalt(II) Porphyrin-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclopropanation of N-Alkyl Indoles/Pyrroles with Alkylcarbene: Efficient Synthesis of Polycyclic N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annapureddy Rajasekar Reddy
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation; Shenzhen China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road; Hong Kong China
| | - Fei Hao
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation; Shenzhen China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road; Hong Kong China
| | - Kai Wu
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation; Shenzhen China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road; Hong Kong China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation; Shenzhen China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road; Hong Kong China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation; Shenzhen China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road; Hong Kong China
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28
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Reddy AR, Hao F, Wu K, Zhou CY, Che CM. Cobalt(II) Porphyrin-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclopropanation of N-Alkyl Indoles/Pyrroles with Alkylcarbene: Efficient Synthesis of Polycyclic N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1810-5. [PMID: 26691692 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A protocol on chemoselective cobalt(II) porphyrin-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanation of N-alkyl indoles/pyrroles with alkylcarbenes has been developed. The reaction enables the rapid construction of a range of nitrogen-containing polycyclic compounds in moderate to high yields from readily accessible materials. These N-containing polycyclic compounds can be converted into a variety of N-heterocycles with potential synthetic and biological interest. Compared to their N-tosylhydrazone counterparts, the use of bulky N-2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl hydrazones as carbene precursors allows cyclopropanation to occur under milder reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapureddy Rajasekar Reddy
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fei Hao
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Wu
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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29
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Mortén M, Hennum M, Bonge-Hansen T. Synthesis of quinoline-3-carboxylates by a Rh(II)-catalyzed cyclopropanation-ring expansion reaction of indoles with halodiazoacetates. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1944-9. [PMID: 26664614 PMCID: PMC4661008 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this letter, we report a novel synthesis of ethyl quinoline-3-carboxylates from reactions between a series of indoles and halodiazoacetates. The formation of the quinoline structure is probably the result of a cyclopropanation at the 2- and 3-positions of the indole followed by ring-opening of the cyclopropane and elimination of H–X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Mortén
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Hennum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Bonge-Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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30
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Gao X, Wu B, Huang WX, Chen MW, Zhou YG. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed CH Functionalization of Indoles Using an Axially Chiral 2,2′-Bipyridine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11956-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Gao X, Wu B, Huang WX, Chen MW, Zhou YG. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed CH Functionalization of Indoles Using an Axially Chiral 2,2′-Bipyridine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Xu B, Li ML, Zuo XD, Zhu SF, Zhou QL. Catalytic Asymmetric Arylation of α-Aryl-α-diazoacetates with Aniline Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:8700-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory
and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, ‡Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mao-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory
and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, ‡Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory
and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, ‡Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shou-Fei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory
and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, ‡Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory
and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, ‡Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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33
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Best D, Burns DJ, Lam HW. Direct Synthesis of 5-Aryl Barbituric Acids by Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Reactions of Arenes with Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7410-3. [PMID: 25959544 PMCID: PMC4479025 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A commercially available rhodium(II) complex catalyzes the direct arylation of 5-diazobarbituric acids with arenes, allowing straightforward access to 5-aryl barbituric acids. Free N—H groups are tolerated on the barbituric acid, with no complications arising from N—H insertion processes. This method was applied to the concise synthesis of a potent matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Best
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - David J Burns
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Hon Wai Lam
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD (UK).
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34
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Best D, Burns DJ, Lam HW. Direct Synthesis of 5-Aryl Barbituric Acids by Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Reactions of Arenes with Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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35
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Miura T, Murakami M, Zhao Q, Funakoshi Y. Site-Selective Introduction of an Enamido Group at the C(3)-Position of Indoles. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/com-15-13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Guo ZL, Xue JH, Fu LN, Zhang SE, Guo QX. The Direct Asymmetric Alkylation of α-Amino Aldehydes with 3-Indolylmethanols by Enamine Catalysis. Org Lett 2014; 16:6472-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503318c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lei Guo
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jia-Hui Xue
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li-Na Fu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shun-En Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qi-Xiang Guo
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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37
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Nambu H, Fukumoto M, Hirota W, Yakura T. Ring-Opening Cyclization of Cyclohexane-1,3-dione-2-spirocyclopropanes with Amines: Rapid Access to 2-Substituted 4-Hydroxyindole. Org Lett 2014; 16:4012-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501837b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Nambu
- Graduate
School of Medicine
and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukumoto
- Graduate
School of Medicine
and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Wataru Hirota
- Graduate
School of Medicine
and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yakura
- Graduate
School of Medicine
and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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38
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Delgado-Rebollo M, Prieto A, Pérez PJ. Catalytic Functionalization of Indoles by Copper-Mediated Carbene Transfer. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201400097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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39
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Tsyshchuk IE, Vorobyeva DV, Peregudov AS, Osipov SN. Cu-Catalyzed Carbenoid Functionalization of Indoles by Methyl 3,3,3-Trifluoro-2-diazopropionate. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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40
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Zheng C, You SL. Recent development of direct asymmetric functionalization of inert C–H bonds. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46996d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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41
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Pirovano V, Facoetti D, Dell'Acqua M, Della Fontana E, Abbiati G, Rossi E. Gold(I) or silver catalyzed synthesis of α-indolylacrylates. Org Lett 2013; 15:3812-5. [PMID: 23859310 DOI: 10.1021/ol401716b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate reacted with various 2-substituted indoles in the presence of catalytic amounts of AgSbF6 or AuPPh3NTf2 to provide the corresponding methyl 2-(2-substituted-1H-indol-3-yl)acrylates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pirovano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica A. Marchesini, Via Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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42
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Reactions of Indoles with Metal-Bound Carbenoids. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-408100-0.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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43
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Fraile JM, Le Jeune K, Mayoral JA, Ravasio N, Zaccheria F. CuO/SiO2 as a simple, effective and recoverable catalyst for alkylation of indole derivatives with diazo compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4327-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40264a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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44
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Maegawa T, Fujioka H. Reaction via Pyridinium-type Salt Intermediate: Chemoselective Deprotection of Acetals in the Presence of Ketals and Nucleophilic Substitution. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2013. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.71.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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45
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Owens CP, Varela-Álvarez A, Boyarskikh V, Musaev DG, Davies HML, Blakey SB. Iridium(iii)-bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl catalysts for enantioselective C–H functionalization. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc50886b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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46
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DeAngelis A, Dmitrenko O, Fox JM. Rh-catalyzed intermolecular reactions of cyclic α-diazocarbonyl compounds with selectivity over tertiary C-H bond migration. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:11035-43. [PMID: 22676258 PMCID: PMC3486930 DOI: 10.1021/ja3046712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Intermolecular Rh-catalyzed reactions of cyclic α-diazocarbonyl compounds with chemoselectivity over β-hydride elimination are described. These methods represent the first general intermolecular reactions of Rh-carbenoids that are selective over tertiary β-C-H bond migration. Successful transformations include cyclopropanation, cyclopropenation, and various X-H insertion reactions with a broad scope of substrates. We propose that the intermolecular approach of substrates to carbenes from acyclic diazo precursors may be relatively slow due to a steric interaction with the ester function, which is perpendicular to the π-system of the carbene. For carbenes derived from five- and six-membered cyclic α-diazocarbonyls, it is proposed that the carbene is constrained to be more conjugated with the carbonyl, thereby relieving the steric interaction for intermolecular reactions, and accelerating the rate of intermolecular reactivity relative to intramolecular β-hydride migration. However, attempts to use α-diazo-β-ethylcaprolactone in intermolecular cyclopropanation with styrene were unsuccessful. It is proposed that the conformational flexibility of the seven-membered ring allows the carbonyl to be oriented perpendicular to Rh-carbene. The significant intermolecular interaction between the carbonyl and approaching substrate is in agreement with the poor ability of α-diazo-β-ethylcaprolactone to participate in intermolecular cyclopropanation reactions. DFT calculations provide support for the mechanistic proposals that are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew DeAngelis
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Olga Dmitrenko
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Joseph M. Fox
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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47
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Boruta DT, Dmitrenko O, Yap GPA, Fox JM. Rh(2)(S-PTTL)(3)TPA-A Mixed Ligand Dirhodium(II) Catalyst for Enantioselective Reactions of α-Alkyl-α-Diazoesters. Chem Sci 2012; 3:1589-1593. [PMID: 23125912 PMCID: PMC3486924 DOI: 10.1039/c2sc01134d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of the mixed ligand paddlewheel complex dirhodium(II) tris[N-phthaloyl-(S)-tert-leucinate] triphenylacetate, Rh(2)(S-PTTL)(3)TPA, the structure of which bears similarity to the chiral crown complex Rh(2)(S-PTTL)(4). Rh(2)(S-PTTL)(3)TPA engages substrate classes (aliphatic alkynes, silylacetylenes, α-olefins) that are especially challenging in intermolecular reactions of α-alkyl-α-diazoesters, and catalyzes enantioselective cyclopropanation, cyclopropenation, and indole C-H functionalization with yields and enantioselectivities that are comparable or superior to Rh(2)(S-PTTL)(4). Mixing ligands on paddlewheel complexes offers a versatile handle for diversifying catalyst structure and reactivity. The results described herein illustrate how mixed ligand catalysts can create new opportunities for the optimization of catalytic asymmetric processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joseph M. Fox
- Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Newark, DE 19803, USA. Fax: +1 302 831 8335; Tel: +1 302 831 0191
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48
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Lv T, Zhang XH, Han JS, Zhong P. Pd-catalyzed direct arylation of phenylpyrazole: Synthesis of fipronil derivatives with aryl boronic acids promoted by a stoichiometric amount of NIS. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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49
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Lian Y, Davies HML. Rh2(S-biTISP)2-catalyzed asymmetric functionalization of indoles and pyrroles with vinylcarbenoids. Org Lett 2012; 14:1934-7. [PMID: 22452332 DOI: 10.1021/ol300632p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric functionalization of N-heterocycles by vinylcarbenoids in the presence of catalytic amounts of Rh(2)(S-biTISP)(2) has been successfully developed. This bridged dirhodium catalyst not only selectively enforces the reaction to occur at the vinylogous position of the carbenoid but also affords high levels of asymmetric induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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50
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Hashimoto S, Goto T, Onozuka T, Kosaka Y, Anada M, Takeda K. CATALYTIC ASYMMETRIC INTERMOLECULAR C–H INSERTION OF 1,4-CYCLOHEXADIENE WITH α-ALKYL-α-DIAZOESTERS USING CHIRAL DIRHODIUM(II) CARBOXYLATES. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-s(n)120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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