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Nugent TC, Vos AE, Hussain I, El Damrany Hussein HA, Goswami F. A 2000 to 2020 Practitioner's Guide to Chiral Amine‐Based Enantioselective Aldol Reactions: Ketone Substrates, Best Methods, in Water Reaction Environments, and Defining Nuances. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C. Nugent
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Alice E. Vos
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Ishtiaq Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Abbottabad 22010 Pakistan
| | | | - Falguni Goswami
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen 28759 Bremen Germany
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Ullah R, Ali G, Subhan F, Khan A, Ahsan Halim S, Naveed M, Kalsoom S, Al-Harrasi A. Attenuation of spatial memory in 5xFAD mice by targeting cholinesterases, oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling using 2-(hydroxyl-(2-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentanone. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108083. [PMID: 34478946 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is classified pathologically as a progressive neurological disorder associated with memory decline. The study was designed to assess the underlying molecular signaling involved in the neuroprotective effect of the 2-(hydroxyl-(2-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentanone (2NCP) as a novel therapeutic agent for AD. In this connection, in vitro cholinesterases inhibitory and antioxidant activities were investigated. In vivo studies were carried out on a well-known 5xFAD mice model in different behavioural models such as light/dark box,balance beam, rotarod, elevated plus maze (EPM),novel object recognition (NOR), paddling Y-maze, and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. Hippocampus (HC) and frontal cortex (FC) homogenates were examined for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), and catalase. Further, we examined the expression of inflammatory cytokines and Nrf2 in the HC and FC through RT-PCR. Computational studies were conducted to predict the binding mode of the 2NCP with target sites of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and cholinesterases. The findings of in vitro assays revealed that the IC50 values of the 2NCP against AChE and BChE were 17 and 23 µg/ml respectively. DPPH antioxidant assay displayed an IC50 value for the 2NCP was 62 µg/ml. Whereas, theex vivo study depicted that the activities of AChE and BChEwere significantly reduced. Moreover, free radicals load, GSH level, catalase and GST activities were significantly declined. Furthermore, in vivostudies showed that the 2NCP treated animals exhibited gradual memory improvement and improved motor functions. RT-PCR study revealed that mRNA levels of the inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were significantly reduced, while the expression of antioxidant Nrf2 was significantly increased.The molecular docking studies further confirmed that the 2NCP showed excellent binding affinities for NF-κB and cholinesterases. Taken together, the 2NCP improves spatial memory and learning, short- and long-term memory,markedly inhibits cholinesterases, reduced neuroinflammation, and mitigated oxidative stress in the 5xFAD mice; hence the 2NCP may be a potential candidate for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Gowhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Tarry Building, Room 13-715, 300 East Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
| | - Fazal Subhan
- Department of Pharmacy, CECOS University of Science and technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Kalsoom
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Ullah R, Ali G, Khan A, Ahmad S, Al-Harrasi A. Cyclopentanone Derivative Attenuates Memory Impairment by Inhibiting Amyloid Plaques Formation in the 5xFAD Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9559. [PMID: 34502467 PMCID: PMC8430684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder. This study was designed to investigate the effects of cyclopentanone derivative i.e., 2-(hydroxyl-(3-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentanone (3NCP) on behavior, amyloid β (Aβ) plaque deposition, and βAPP cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE-1) expression in the 5xFAD mouse brain. In this study, computational studies were conducted to predict the binding mode of the 3NCP with target sites of the β-secretase. In vivo studies were performed on the 5xFAD mice model of AD using different behavioral test models like light/dark box, elevated plus maze (EPM), and the Barnes maze tests for the assessment of anxiety, spatial learning and memory. The thioflavin-S staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and RT-PCR studies were carried out to find the effect of the 3NCP on the β-amyloid plaques formation and BACE-1 expression. The results of the computational studies showed that the 3NCP has excellent binding affinities for beta-secretase. The light/dark box study depicted that the 3NCP does not cause anxiety. The 3NCP treatment effects in the EPM and Barnes maze tests showed a significant effect on learning and memory. Furthermore, the results of the thioflavin staining and IHC revealed that the 3NCP significantly reduced the formation of the beta-amyloid plaques in brain tissues. Moreover, the RT-PCR study showed that 3NCP significantly reduced the BACE-1 expression in the brain. Conclusively, the results of the current study demonstrate that the 3NCP may be a potential candidate for AD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Gowhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Oman;
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Oman;
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Koudelka J, Tobrman T. Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Cyclobutanones by a Suzuki Reaction and Dephosphorylation Sequence. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Koudelka
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Tobrman
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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Juaristi E. Recent developments in next generation (S)-proline-derived chiral organocatalysts. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Ullah R, Ali G, Ahmad N, Akram M, Kumari G, Amin MU, Umar MN. Attenuation of Spatial Memory in 5xFAD Mice by Halting Cholinesterases, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Using a Cyclopentanone Derivative. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E318. [PMID: 33086500 PMCID: PMC7603158 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and chronic neurological disorder that gradually destroys memory and thinking skills. The research study was designed to investigate the underlying molecular signaling involved in the neuroprotective effects of cyclopentanone derivative i.e., 2-(hydroxyl-(3-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentanone (3NCP) as a therapeutic agent for AD. In this study, In vivo studies were carried out on a well-known 5xFAD mice model using different behavioural test models such as open field, rotarod, Morris water maze (MWM), and Y-maze tests. Furthermore, in vitro cholinesterase inhibition activity assays were carried out. The frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (HC) homogenates were tested for the levels/activities of cholinesterases, glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and catalase. Furthermore, the hippocampal expression of inflammatory cytokines was observed via RT-PCR and western blot. The results of in vivo studies show an enhancement in the learning behavior. The 3NCP treatment reduced latency time in MWM and Y-maze tests, also increase spontaneous alternation indicate significant effect of 3NCP on memory. Furthermore, open field and rotarod studies revealed that 3NCP does not cause motor coordination deficit. The results of the in vitro studies revealed that the IC50 values of the 3NCP against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were 16.17 and 20.51 µg/mL, respectively. This decline in AChE and BChE was further supported by ex vivo studies. Further, the 3NCP mitigates the GSH level, GST, and catalase activities in HC and FC. The mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) markedly declined in RT-PCR and western blotting. The results of the current study conclusively demonstrate that 3NCP reduces oxidative stress and mitigates neuroinflammation in 5xFAD mice, implying that 3NCP may be a potential therapeutic candidate for AD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Gowhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Pakistan, Pasrur Road, Sialkot 51310, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan; (M.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Geeta Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan; (M.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Muhammad Usman Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Ring Road, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Naveed Umar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18000, Dir (L), KPK, Pakistan;
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Gujjarappa R, Vodnala N, Malakar CC. Recent Advances in Pyridine‐Based Organocatalysis and its Application towards Valuable Chemical Transformations. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Gujjarappa
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology Manipur Langol, Imphal 795004, Manipur India
| | - Nagaraju Vodnala
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology Manipur Langol, Imphal 795004, Manipur India
| | - C. C. Malakar
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology Manipur Langol, Imphal 795004, Manipur India
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Xu EJ, Song Y, Wei ZL, Wang R, Duan HF, Lin YJ, Yang QB, Li YX. Novel chiral proline-based organocatalysts with amide and thiourea–amine units for highly efficient asymmetric aldol reaction in saturated brine without additives. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel proline-based organocatalysts with amide and thiourea-amine units (7a–7f) were developed and evaluated in the asymmetric aldol reaction of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde with cyclohexanone. The organocatalyst (7c or 7d, 5 mol%) exhibited efficient catalytic activity to afford aldol products in high diastereoselectivity (up to >99:1), enantioselectivity (up to >99%), and yield (up to >96%) at 0 °C in saturated brine without adding an acid. Aldol products of benzaldehyde derivatives almost universally provide high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Jie Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Yan Song
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Wei
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hai-Feng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ying-Jie Lin
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qing-Biao Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yao-Xian Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Unnatural tripeptide as highly enantioselective organocatalyst for asymmetric aldol reaction of isatins. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang R, Xu E, Su Z, Duan H, Wang J, Xue L, Lin Y, Li Y, Wei Z, Yang Q. Preparation of prolinamide with adamantane for aldol reaction catalysis in brine and separation using a poly(AN-MA-β-CD) nanofibrous film via host-guest interaction. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28376-28385. [PMID: 35542465 PMCID: PMC9084239 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolinamides with double-H potential were prepared and employed as organocatalysts in asymmetric aldol reactions. The catalyst with adamantane showed improved catalytic activity, which was further enhanced by using brine as the solvent. A series of aldol reactions in brine at 0 °C provided good yields (up to 98%) with high diastereoselectivities (>99 : 1) and enantioselectivities (>99%). The prepared catalyst was adsorbed by a nanofibrous film of poly(AN-MA-β-CD) via host-guest interaction in the reaction system. The catalyst was separated from the film by applying ultrasound, with a total recovery of 96.2%. The catalyst was reused up to five times without a significant change in diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Enjie Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zhenming Su
- Security Check Jilin Province 566B Guigu Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Longqi Xue
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Lin
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Yaoxian Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zhonglin Wei
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Qingbiao Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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Obregón-Zúñiga A, Juaristi E. (2S,4R)-Hyp-(S)-Phe-OMe dipeptide supported on imidazolium tagged molecules as recoverable organocatalysts for asymmetric aldol reactions using water as reaction medium. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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12
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Li ZY, Chen Y, Zheng CQ, Yin Y, Wang L, Sun XQ. Highly enantioselective aldol reactions catalyzed by reusable upper rim-functionalized calix[4]arene-based l -proline organocatalyst in aqueous conditions. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Water: the most versatile and nature’s friendly media in asymmetric organocatalyzed direct aldol reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Eyckens DJ, Brozinski HL, Delaney JP, Servinis L, Naghashian S, Henderson LC. Ion-Tagged Prolinamide Organocatalysts for the Direct Aldol Reaction On-Water. Catal Letters 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-015-1630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Huang XR, Liu Q, Wang J, Xiao JA, Yang H. Solvent-effects tuning the catalytic reactivity of prolinamides in asymmetric aldol reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gong Z, Wei C, Shi Y, Zheng Q, Song Z, Liu Z. Novel chiral bifunctional l-thiazoline-amide derivatives: design and application in the direct enantioselective aldol reactions. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Andreu C, del Olmo M, Asensio G. Effect of addition of Lewis/Brönsted acids in the asymmetric aldol condensation catalyzed by trifluoroacetate salts of proline-based dipeptides. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hernández JG, Juaristi E. Recent efforts directed to the development of more sustainable asymmetric organocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:5396-409. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30951c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Delaney JP, Henderson LC. Investigating ionic effects applied to water based organocatalysed aldol reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:9083-94. [PMID: 22272120 PMCID: PMC3257117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12129083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 11/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated aqueous solutions of various common salts were examined for their effect on aqueous aldol reactions catalysted by a highly active C2-symmetric diprolinamide organocatalyst developed in our laboratory. With respect to the aldol reaction between cyclohexanone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, deionised water was always a superior medium to salt solutions though some correlation to increasing anion size and depression in enantiomeric excess could be observed. Additionally, the complete inhibition of catalyst activity observed when employing tap water could be alleviated by the inclusion of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) into the aqueous media prior to reaction initiation. Extension of these reaction conditions demonstrated that these ionic effects vary on a case-to-case basis depending on the ketone/aldehyde combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Delaney
- Chemistry and Systems Biology, Strategic Research Center for Biotechnology, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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