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Oku Y, Matsuda T. Substrate Promiscuity of Thermoplasma acidophilum Malic Enzyme for CO 2 Fixation Reaction. JACS AU 2024; 4:1758-1762. [PMID: 38818066 PMCID: PMC11134350 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
CO2 fixation technology has gained attention as a method to effectively utilize the abundant CO2 in the atmosphere by converting it into useful chemicals. However, since CO2 is a highly stable molecule, many of the currently developed methods for chemical CO2 fixation require harsh conditions and reactive reagents. The establishment of efficient and sustainable processes is eagerly awaited. In this study, we investigated a biocatalytic process and achieved a carboxylation reaction under mild conditions (37 °C, 0.1 MPa CO2) using a biocatalyst, Thermoplasma acidophilum NADP+-malic enzyme (TaME), and gaseous CO2 by coupling enzymatic coenzyme regeneration. We also demonstrated for the first time that the carboxylation reaction by ME proceeds not only with pyruvate, a natural substrate, but also with 2-ketoglutarate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Oku
- Department of Life Science
and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, JAPAN
| | - Tomoko Matsuda
- Department of Life Science
and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, JAPAN
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2
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Uramaru N, Kawashima A, Osabe M, Higuchi T. Rhododendrol, a reductive metabolite of raspberry ketone, suppresses the differentiation of 3T3‑L1 cells into adipocytes. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:51. [PMID: 36633126 PMCID: PMC9879071 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious medical condition worldwide, and a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cancer and cardiovascular disease. In addition to changes in dietary habits and physical activity, consuming supplements to maintain good health and prevent obesity is important in modern society. Raspberry ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic ketone found in the European red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) and is hypothesized to prevent obesity when administered orally. The present study found that RK was reduced to rhododendrol (ROH) in human liver microsomes and cytosol. The present study investigated whether the metabolite ROH had anti‑adipogenic effects using mouse 3T3‑L1 cells. The effects of ROH or RK on lipid accumulation during differentiation of 3T3‑L1 pre‑adipocyte into adipocyte were determined using Oil Red O staining. CCAAT enhancer‑binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ (PPARγ) mRNA and protein expression were examined using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting analysis, respectively. The present study revealed that ROH suppressed lipid accumulation in the cells, similar to RK. In addition, ROH suppressed the mRNA expression levels of C/EBPα and PPARγ in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, ROH suppressed PPARγ protein expression in 3T3‑L1 adipocytes. These findings suggested that ROH is an active metabolite with an anti‑adipogenic effect, which may contribute to the anti‑obesity effect of orally administered RK. The present study indicated that it is important to understand the biological activity of the metabolites of orally administered compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Uramaru
- Division of Pharmaceutical Health Biosciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Azusa Kawashima
- Division of Pharmaceutical Health Biosciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Makoto Osabe
- Division of Pharmaceutical Health Biosciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Higuchi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Health Biosciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan,Correspondence to: Professor Toshiyuki Higuchi, Division of Pharmaceutical Health Biosciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan, E-mail:
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Puchl’ová E, Szolcsányi P. Scalable Green Approach Toward Fragrant Acetates. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143217. [PMID: 32674512 PMCID: PMC7397122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The advantageous properties of ethylene glycol diacetate (EGDA) qualify it as a useful substitute for glycerol triacetate (GTA) for various green applications. We scrutinised the lipase-mediated acetylation of structurally diverse alcohols in neat EGDA furnishing the range of naturally occurring fragrant acetates. We found that such enzymatic system exhibits high reactivity and selectivity towards activated (homo) allylic and non-activated primary/secondary alcohols. This feature was utilised in the scalable multigram synthesis of fragrant (Z)-hex-3-en-1-yl acetate in 70% yield. In addition, the Lipozyme 435/EGDA system was also found to be applicable for the chemo-selective acetylation of (hydroxyalkyl) phenols as well as for the kinetic resolution of chiral secondary alcohols. Lastly, its discrimination power was demonstrated in competitive experiments of equimolar mixtures of two isomeric alcohols. This enabled the practical synthesis of 1-pentyl acetate isolated as a single product in 68% yield from the equimolar mixture of 1-pentanol and 3-pentanol.
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Hanssen BL, Park SJ, Royer JE, Jamie JF, Taylor PW, Jamie IM. Systematic Modification of Zingerone Reveals Structural Requirements for Attraction of Jarvis's Fruit Fly. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19332. [PMID: 31852933 PMCID: PMC6920482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tephritid fruit flies are amongst the most significant horticultural pests globally and male chemical lures are important for monitoring and control. Zingerone has emerged as a unique male fruit fly lure that can attract dacine fruit flies that are weakly or non-responsive to methyl eugenol and cuelure. However, the key features of zingerone that mediate this attraction are unknown. As Jarvis's fruit fly, Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon), is strongly attracted to zingerone, we evaluated the response of B. jarvisi to 37 zingerone analogues in a series of field trials to elucidate the functional groups involved in attraction. The most attractive analogues were alkoxy derivatives, with isopropoxy being the most attractive, followed by ethoxy and trifluoromethoxy analogues. All of the phenolic esters tested were also attractive with the response typically decreasing with increasing size of the ester. Results indicate that the carbonyl group, methoxy group, and phenol of zingerone are key sites for the attraction of B. jarvisi and identify some constraints on the range of structural modifications that can be made to zingerone without compromising attraction. These findings are important for future work in developing and optimising novel male chemical lures for fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Hanssen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Soo Jean Park
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jane E Royer
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, PO Box 267, Brisbane, Qld, 4000, Australia
| | - Joanne F Jamie
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Phillip W Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Ian M Jamie
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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PTP1B inhibitors from the seeds of Iris sanguinea and their insulin mimetic activities via AMPK and ACC phosphorylation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5076-5081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sarkar D, Ghosh MK, Rout N. Phenyl trimethyl ammonium tribromide mediated robust one-pot synthesis of spiro-oxacycles – an economic route – stereoselective synthesis of oxaspirohexacyclodieneones. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7883-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01116k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper entails the first recognition of Phenyl Trimethyl Ammonium Tribromide (PTAB) as an effective reagent for spiro-cyclizations proceeding via oxidative dearomatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debayan Sarkar
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Rourkela
- India
| | - Manoj Kumar Ghosh
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Rourkela
- India
| | - Nilendri Rout
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Rourkela
- India
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Svetaz LA, Di Liberto MG, Zanardi MM, Suárez AG, Zacchino SA. Efficient production of the flavoring agent zingerone and of both (R)- and (S)-zingerols via green fungal biocatalysis. Comparative antifungal activities between enantiomers. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22042-58. [PMID: 25470023 PMCID: PMC4284693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingerone (1) and both chiral forms of zingerol (2) were obtained from dehydrozingerone (3) by biotransformation with filamentous fungi. The bioconversion of 3 with A. fumigatus, G. candidum or R. oryzae allowed the production of 1 as the sole product at 8 h and in 81%–90% at 72 h. In turn, A. flavus, A. niger, C. echinulata, M. circinelloides and P. citrinum produced 1 at 8 h, but at 72 h alcohol 2 was obtained as the major product (74%–99%). Among them, A. niger and M. circinelloides led to the anti-Prelog zingerol (R)-2 in only one step with high conversion rates and ee. Instead, C. echinulata and P. citrinum allowed to obtain (S)-2 in only one step, with high conversion rates and ee. Both chiral forms of 2 were tested for antifungal properties against a panel of clinically important fungi, showing that (R)-, but not (S)-2 possessed antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Svetaz
- Pharmacognosy Area, School of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Melina G Di Liberto
- Pharmacognosy Area, School of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
| | - María M Zanardi
- Institute of Chemistry Rosario (IQUIR)-CONICET, School of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Alejandra G Suárez
- Institute of Chemistry Rosario (IQUIR)-CONICET, School of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Susana A Zacchino
- Pharmacognosy Area, School of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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