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Chun Y, Remmerswaal WA, Codée JDC, Woerpel KA. Neighboring-Group Participation by C-2 Acyloxy Groups: Influence of the Nucleophile and Acyl Group on the Stereochemical Outcome of Acetal Substitution Reactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301894. [PMID: 37410662 PMCID: PMC10592418 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A single acyloxy group at C-2 can control the outcome of nucleophilic substitution reactions of pyran-derived acetals, but the extent of the neighboring-group participation depends on a number of factors. We show here that neighboring-group participation does not necessarily control the stereochemical outcome of acetal substitution reactions with weak nucleophiles. The 1,2-trans selectivity increased with increasing reactivity of the incoming nucleophile. This trend suggests the intermediacy of both cis-fused dioxolenium ions and oxocarbenium ions in the stereochemistry-determining step. In addition, as the electron-donating ability of the neighboring group decreased, the preference for the 1,2-trans products increased. Computational studies show how the barriers for the ring-opening reaction on the dioxolenium ions and the transition states to provide the oxocarbenium ions change with the electron-donating capacity of the C-2-acyloxy group and the reactivity of the nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Chun
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Wouter A Remmerswaal
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D C Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K A Woerpel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
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Shida W, Tahara Y, Morikawa S, Monde K, Koga R, Ohsugi T, Otsuka M, Ikemoto A, Tateishi H, Ikeda T, Fujita M. The unique activity of saponin: Induction of cytotoxicity in HTLV-1 infected cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 91:117408. [PMID: 37453188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Infection with the retrovirus human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) sometimes causes diseases that are difficult to cure. To find anti-HTLV-1 natural compounds, we opted to screen using the HTLV-1-infected T-cell line, MT-2. Based on our results, an extract of the pulp/seeds of Akebia quinata Decaisne fruit killed MT-2 cells but did not affect the Jurkat cell line that was not infected with virus. To determine the active ingredients, seven saponins with one-six sugar moieties were isolated from A. quinata seeds, and their activities against the two cell lines were examined. Both cell lines were killed in a similar manner by Akebia saponins A and B. Further, Akebia saponins D, E, PK and G did not exhibit cytotoxicity. Akebia saponin C had a similar activity to the extract found in the screening. This compound was found to enhance Gag aggregation, induce the abnormal cleavage of Gag, suppress virion release, and preferentially kill HTLV-1 infected cells; however, their relationship remains elusive. Our findings may lead to the development of new therapies for infectious diseases based on the removal of whole-virus-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Shida
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yurika Tahara
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Saki Morikawa
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Monde
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryoko Koga
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takeo Ohsugi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno-Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., 1-7-30 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ikemoto
- Division of Regional Studies and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Education and Human Studies, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita, Akita 010-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ikeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
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Fujitsuka M, Iohara D, Oumura S, Matsushima M, Sakuragi M, Anraku M, Ikeda T, Hirayama F, Kuroiwa K. Supramolecular Assembly of Hybrid Pt(II) Porphyrin/Tomatine Analogues with Different Nanostructures and Cytotoxic Activities. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:13284-13292. [PMID: 34056476 PMCID: PMC8158828 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A simple strategy for synthesizing supramolecular hybrids was developed for the preparation of bioavailable nanohybrid photosensitizers by assembling visible-light-sensitive Pt(II) meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrinporphyrin (PtTCPP)/tomatine analogues. The hybrids were self-assembled into nanofibrous or nanosheet structures approximately 3-5 nm thick and several micrometers wide. α-Tomatine generated a unique fibrous vesicle nanostructure based on intermolecular interactions, while dehydrotomatine generated nanosheet structures. Nanoassembly of these fibrous vesicles and sheets directly affected the properties of the light-responsive photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT), depending on the nanostructure of the hybrid PtTCPP/tomatine analogues. The cytotoxicity of PtTCPP to cancer cells under photoirradiation was significantly enhanced by a tomatine assembly with a fibrous vesicle nanostructure, attributable to increased incorporation of the drug into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Fujitsuka
- Department
of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Daisuke Iohara
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Sae Oumura
- Department
of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Misaki Matsushima
- Department
of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Mina Sakuragi
- Department
of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Makoto Anraku
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ikeda
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Hirayama
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Keita Kuroiwa
- Department
of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
- . Tel/Fax: +81-96-326-3891
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Synthesis of the hexasaccharide from Trypanosoma cruzi mucins with the Galp(1 → 2)Galf unit constructed with a superarmed thiogalactopyranosyl donor. Carbohydr Res 2019; 482:107734. [PMID: 31271957 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hexasaccharide β-D-Galp-(1→ 2)-[β-D-Galp-(1 → 3)]-β-D-Galp-(1 → 6)-[β-D-Galp-(1 → 2)-β-D-Galf-(1 → 4)]-D-GlcNAc (1) was found O-linked in mucins of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomatigotes. Studies on the biological pathways and functionalities of the mucin oligosaccharides are prompted in order to understand the interactions of these molecules with the insect host. Trisaccharide constituent β-D-Galp-(1 → 2)-β-D-Galf-(1 → 4)-D-GlcNAc was constructed from the reducing to the non-reducing end. We discuss the difficulties to introduce a Galp unit at the O-2 position of a partially protected galactofuranosyl unit which were overcome using an anchimerically superarmed donor. By this route and employing a [3 + 3] nitrilium convergent approach hexasaccharide 1 was synthesized in moderate yield.
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Wang L, Guo Z. An extensive review of studies on mycobacterium cell wall polysaccharide-related oligosaccharides – part I: Synthetic studies on arabinofuranosyl oligosaccharides. J Carbohydr Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1630839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Toohara S, Tanaka Y, Sakurai S, Ikeda T, Tanaka K, Gon M, Chujo Y, Kuroiwa K. Self-assembly of [Au(CN) 2] −Complexes with Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Steroidal Alkaloid Glycosides to Form Sheet or Tubular Structures. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Souta Toohara
- Department of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Tanaka
- Department of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakurai
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ikeda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keita Kuroiwa
- Department of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
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Abstract
Recent progress in glycobiology reveals that sugar-chains play a crucial role in cell-cell recognition among immunity, inflammation, and malignant tumor in the living body. To study the mechanism of action requires a sample of sufficient quantity. However, isolating a sugar chain and a glycoside in pure form, difficulty follows sugar chain composition again, and studies have been limited to a few sugar chains. Glycosides are a group of compounds known to be the active principle of a natural drug. We have isolated triterpene glycosides from a Leguminosae plant, which improved liver disorder, and steroid glycosides from a plant of the Solanaceous with cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines. A biological activity test suggested an important role of the aglycone part and the sugar chain part of those glycosides. Although many studies of sugar chains of glycoprotein and glycolipid are known, there are few examples of studies of the sugar chain function of a glycoside of a natural drug, and the role of a sugar chain of a glycoside for its pharmacologic action expression is unknown. Therefore, as a biological tool investigating the function of a sugar chain of a natural glycoside, we have begun to synthesize a useful "glycoside" which can be utilized as a lead compound having activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Ikeda
- Faculty of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamot, Japan.
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Dall'Asta C, Falavigna C, Galaverna G, Sforza S, Dossena A, Marchelli R. A multiresidual method for the simultaneous determination of the main glycoalkaloids and flavonoids in fresh and processed tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by LC-DAD-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:3664-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Boutet J, Guerreiro C, Mulard LA. Synthesis of branched tri- to pentasaccharides representative of fragments of Shigella flexneri serotypes 3a and/or X O-antigens. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China., Fax: +86‐21‐64166128
| | - Yichun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China., Fax: +86‐21‐64166128
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China., Fax: +86‐21‐64166128
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Whitfield DM, Nukada T. DFT studies of the role of C-2–O-2 bond rotation in neighboring-group glycosylation reactions. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1291-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2006] [Revised: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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