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Tra BYE, Molino A, Hollister KK, Sarkar SK, Dickie DA, Wilson DJD, Gilliard RJ. Mono- and Bis-Phosphine Promoted Incorporation of Boron, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus into Heterocycles via Staudinger Reactions of Borafluorene Azides. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11604-11615. [PMID: 38864676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a series of BNP-incorporated borafluorenate heterocycles formed via thermolysis reactions of pyridylphosphine and bis(phosphine)-coordinated borafluorene azides. The use of diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine (PyPh2P), trans-1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene (Ph2P(H)C═C(H)PPh2), and bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (Ph2PC(H2)PPh2) as stabilizing ligands resulted in Staudinger reactions to form complex heterocycles with four- (BN2P, BNPC, P2N2) and five-membered (BNP2C and BN2PC) rings, which were successfully isolated and fully characterized by multinuclear NMR and X-ray crystallography. However, when bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene (Ph2P-Ph-PPh2) was used as the ligand in a reaction with 9-bromo-9-borafluorene (BF-Br), due to the close proximity of the donor P atoms, the diphosphine-stabilized borafluoronium ion with an unusual borafluorene dibromide anion was formed. Reaction of the borafluoronium ion with trimethylsilyl azide left the cation intact, and the dibromide anion was substituted by a diazide. Density functional theory calculations were used to provide mechanistic insight into the formation of these new boracyclic compounds. This work highlights a new method in which donor phosphine ligands may be used to promote dimerization, cyclization, and ring contraction reactions to produce boracycles via Staudinger reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Youan E Tra
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Building 18-596, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Andrew Molino
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kimberly K Hollister
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Building 18-596, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Samir Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Building 18-596, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Diane A Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - David J D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Building 18-596, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
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Orton GRF, Pilgrim BS, Champness NR. The chemistry of phosphines in constrained, well-defined microenvironments. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4411-4431. [PMID: 33606857 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01556c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Developments in the confinement of phosphines within micro- or nano-environments are explored. Phosphines are ubiquitous across metal coordination chemistry and underpin some of the most famous homogeneous transition metal catalysts. Constraining phosphines within confined environments influences not only their behaviour but also that of their metal complexes. Notable examples include the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or metal-organic cages (MOCs) to support phosphines which demonstrate how the microenvironment within such constructs leads to reactivity modification. The development of phosphine confinement is explored and parallels are drawn with related constrained macrocyclic systems and mechanically interlocked molecules. The review concludes by identifying areas that remain a challenge and those that will provide new avenues for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia R F Orton
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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Munzeiwa WA, Omondi B, Nyamori VO. Architecture and synthesis of P ,N-heterocyclic phosphine ligands. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:362-383. [PMID: 32256853 PMCID: PMC7082614 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse P,N-phosphine ligands reported to date have performed exceptionally well as auxiliary ligands in organometallic catalysis. Phosphines bearing 2-pyridyl moieties prominently feature in literature as compared to phosphines with five-membered N-heterocycles. This discussion seeks to paint a broad picture and consolidate different synthetic protocols and techniques for N-heterocyclic phosphine motifs. The introduction provides an account of P,N-phosphine ligands, and their structural and coordination benefits from combining heteroatoms with different basicity in one ligand. The body discusses the synthetic protocols which focus on P–C, P–N-bond formation, substrate and nucleophile types and different N-heterocycle construction strategies. Selected references are given in relation to the applications of the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisdom A Munzeiwa
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Bernard Omondi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa
| | - Vincent O Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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Gusarova NK, Trofimov BA. Organophosphorus chemistry based on elemental phosphorus: advances and horizons. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The results of studies on the application of elemental phosphorus for the synthesis of important organophosphorus compounds are surveyed and summarized. Currently, this trend represents a synthetically, environmentally and technologically attractive alternative to classical organophosphorus chemistry based on toxic and corrosive phosphorus chlorides. Direct phosphination and phosphinylation of organic compounds with elemental phosphorus (discussed in the first part of the review) basically extend the range of available phosphines, phosphine chalcogenides and phosphinic acids and provides further development of their synthetic potential (discussed in the second part of the review). It is shown that the breakthrough in this area is largely due to the discovery of reactions of elemental phosphorus (white and red) with various electrophiles in superbasic suspensions and emulsions derived from alkali metal hydroxides and to the development of electrochemical, electrocatalytic and catalytic activation of white phosphorus.
The bibliography includes 299 references.
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Yang ES, Plajer AJ, García-Romero Á, Bond AD, Ronson TK, Álvarez CM, García-Rodríguez R, Colebatch AL, Wright DS. A Tris(3-pyridyl)stannane as a Building Block for Heterobimetallic Coordination Polymers and Supramolecular Cages. Chemistry 2019; 25:14003-14009. [PMID: 31469199 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The systematic assembly of supramolecular arrangements is a persistent challenge in modern coordination chemistry, especially where further aspects of complexity are concerned, as in the case of large molecular mixed-metal arrangements. One targeted approach to such heterometallic complexes is to engineer metal-based donor ligands of the correct geometry to build 3D arrangements upon coordination to other metals. This simple idea has, however, only rarely been applied to main group metal-based ligand systems. Here, we show that the new, bench-stable tris(3-pyridyl)stannane ligand PhSn(3-Py)3 (3-Py=3-pyridyl) provides simple access to a range of heterometallic SnIV /transition metal complexes, and that the presence of weakly coordinating counter anions can be used to build discrete molecular arrangements involving anion encapsulation. This work therefore provides a building strategy in this area, which parallels that of supramolecular transition metal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Álvaro García-Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel, Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel, Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel, Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Annie L Colebatch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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García‐Romero Á, Plajer AJ, Álvarez‐Miguel L, Bond AD, Wright DS, García‐Rodríguez R. Postfunctionalization of Tris(pyridyl) Aluminate Ligands: Chirality, Coordination, and Supramolecular Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:17019-17026. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro García‐Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Lucía Álvarez‐Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García‐Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
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Malysheva SF, Kuimov VA, Trofimov AB, Belogorlova NA, Litvintsev YI, Belogolova AM, Gusarova NK, Trofimov BA. 2-Halopyridines in the triple reaction in the P /KOH/DMSO system to form tri(2-pyridyl)phosphine: Experimental and quantum-chemical dissimilarities. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hanf S, García-Rodríguez R, Feldmann S, Bond AD, Hey-Hawkins E, Wright DS. Multidentate 2-pyridyl-phosphine ligands – towards ligand tuning and chirality. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:814-824. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04390a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of a variety of alcohols into (amino)pyridyl-phosphine frameworks provides access to a library of multidentate (alkoxy)pyridyl-phosphines. Their coordination chemistry with CuI is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hanf
- Chemistry Department
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | | | - S. Feldmann
- Chemistry Department
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - A. D. Bond
- Chemistry Department
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - E. Hey-Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy
- Leipzig University
- 04103 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - D. S. Wright
- Chemistry Department
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
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Bocokić V, Kalkan A, Lutz M, Spek AL, Gryko DT, Reek JNH. Capsule-controlled selectivity of a rhodium hydroformylation catalyst. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2670. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Jacobs I, van Duin ACT, Kleij AW, Kuil M, Tooke DM, Spek AL, Reek JNH. Conformational studies of ligand-template assemblies and the consequences for encapsulation of rhodium complexes and hydroformylation catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy20665c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Malysheva SF, Korocheva AO, Belogorlova NA, Artem’ev AV, Gusarova NK, Trofimov BA. Synthesis of tris(2-pyridyl)phosphine from red phosphorus and 2-bromopyridine in the CsF-NaOH-DMSO superbasic system. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012500812080071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Carreira M, Calvo-Sanjuán R, Sanaú M, Marzo I, Contel M. Organometallic Palladium Complexes with a Water-Soluble Iminophosphorane Ligand as Potential Anticancer Agents. Organometallics 2012; 31:5772-5781. [PMID: 23066172 PMCID: PMC3466594 DOI: 10.1021/om3006239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a new water-soluble iminophosphorane ligand TPA=N-C(O)-2BrC(6)H(4) (C,N-IM; TPA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane) 1 is reported. Oxidative addition of 1 to Pd(2)(dba)(3) affords the orthopalladated dimer [Pd(μ-Br){C(6)H(4)(C(O)N=TPA-kC,N)-2}](2) (2) as a mixture of cis and trans isomers (1:1 molar ratio) where the iminophosphorane moeity behaves as a C,N-pincer ligand. By addition of different neutral or monoanionic ligands to 2, the bridging bromide can be cleaved and a variety of hydrophilic or water-soluble mononuclear organometallic palladium(II) complexes of the type [Pd{C(6)H(4)(C(O)N=TPA-kC,N)-2}(L-L)] (L-L = acac (3); S(2)CNMe(2) (4); 4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinedisulfonic acid disodium salt C(12)H(6)N(2)(C(6)H(4)SO(3)Na)(2) (5)); [Pd{C(6)H(4)(C(O)N=TPA-kC,N)-2}(L)Br] (L = P(mC(6)H(4)SO(3)Na)(3) (6); P(3-Pyridyl)(3) (7)) and, [Pd(C(6)H(4)(C(O)N=TPA)-2}(TPA)(2)Br] (8) are obtained as single isomers. All new complexes were tested as potential anticancer agents and their cytotoxicity properties were evaluated in vitro against human Jurkat-T acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, normal T-lymphocytes (PBMC) and DU-145 human prostate cancer cells. Compounds [Pd(μ-Br){C(6)H(4)(C(O)N=TPA-kC,N)-2}](2) (2) and [Pd{C(6)H(4)(C(O)N=TPA-kC,N)-2}(acac)] 3 (which has been crystallographically characterized) display the higher cytotoxicity against the above mentioned cancer cell lines while being less toxic to normal T-lymphocytes (peripheral blood mononuclear cells: PBMC). In addition, 3 is very toxic to cisplatin resistant Jurkat shBak indicating a cell death pathway that may be different to that of cisplatin. The interaction of 2 and 3 with plasmid (pBR322) DNA is much weaker than that of cisplatin pointing to an alternative biomolecular target for these cytotoxic compounds. All the compounds show an interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) faster than that of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Carreira
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, US
| | - Rubén Calvo-Sanjuán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sanaú
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - Isabel Marzo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - María Contel
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, US
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Trofimov BA, Gusarova NK, Artem’ev AV, Malysheva SF, Belogorlova NA, Korocheva AO, Kazheva ON, Alexandrov GG, Dyachenko OA. Tris(2-pyridyl)phosphine: a straightforward microwave-assisted synthesis from 2-bromopyridine and red phosphorus and coordination with cobalt(ii) dichloride. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Trofimov BA, Gusarova NK, Artem'ev AV, Malysheva SF, Belogorlova NA, Korocheva AO. The reaction of 2-bromopyridine with a PH3/H2 system in the KOH/DMSO suspension: A short route to tris(2-pyridyl)phosphine. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Huber W, Linder R, Niesel J, Schatzschneider U, Spingler B, Kunz PC. A Comparative Study of Tricarbonylmanganese Photoactivatable CO Releasing Molecules (PhotoCORMs) by Using the Myoglobin Assay and Time-Resolved IR Spectroscopy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Expedient one-pot organometallics-free synthesis of tris(2-pyridyl)phosphine from 2-bromopyridine and elemental phosphorus. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bocokić V, Lutz M, Spek AL, Reek JNH. Bis-(thiosemicarbazonato) Zn(ii) complexes as building blocks for construction of supramolecular catalysts. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:3740-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Koblenz TS, Dekker HL, de Koster CG, van Leeuwen PWNM, Reek JNH. Diphosphine capsules for transition-metal encapsulation. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:2444-62. [PMID: 21661114 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly and characterization of novel heterodimeric diphosphine capsules formed by multiple ionic interactions and composed of one tetracationic diphosphine ligand and one complementary tetraanionic calix[4]arene are described. Encapsulation of a palladium atom within a diphosphine capsule is achieved successfully by using the metal complex of the tetracationic diphosphine ligand for the assembly process. In this templated approach to metal encapsulation, the transition-metal complex is an integrated part of the capsule with the transition metal located inside the capsule and is not involved in the assembly process. We present two approaches for capsule assembly by mixing solutions of the precharged building blocks in methanol and mixing solutions of the neutral building blocks in methanol. The scope of the diphosphine capsules and the metallodiphosphine capsules is easily extended by applying tetracationic diphosphine ligands with different backbones (ethylene, diphenyl ether, and xanthene) and cationic binding motifs (p-C(6)H(4)-CH(2)-ammonium, m-C(6)H(4)-ammonium, and m-C(6)H(4)-guanidinium). These tetracationic building blocks with different flexibilities and shapes readily associate into capsules with the proper capsular structure, as is indicated by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, 1D NOESY, ESI-MS, and modeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehila S Koblenz
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Postbox 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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