Synthesis and resolution of diethyl (1S,2S)-1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropane-1-phosphonate for HCV NS3 protease inhibitors

Efficient one-pot, three-component procedure to prepare new α-aminophosphonate and phosphonic acid acyclic nucleosides

An efficient one-pot three-component Kabachnik-Fields reaction of aldehydes (acyclic nucleosides), amines (or amino acid), and triethyl phosphite proceeded for the synthesis of aminophosphonates using natural phosphate coated with iodine (I₂@NP) as a catalyst. The novel α-aminophosphonate and phosphonic acid acyclic nucleosides were tested for their anti-HCV and anti-HIV activities. The molecular docking showed that the non-activity of these compounds could be due to the absence of hydrophobic pharmacophores.

Chirality-Driven Mode of Binding of α-Aminophosphonic Acid-Based Allosteric Inhibitors of the Human Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (hFPPS)

Thienopyrimidine-based allosteric inhibitors of the human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (hFPPS), characterized by a chiral α-aminophosphonic acid moiety, were synthesized as enantiomerically enriched pairs, and their binding mode was investigated by X-ray crystallography. A general consensus in the binding orientation of all (R)- and (S)-enantiomers was revealed. This finding is a prerequisite for establishing a reliable structure-activity relationship (SAR) model.

Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Amino-C-phosphinic Acids and Derivatives

α-Amino-C-phosphinic acids and derivatives are an important group of compounds of synthetic and medicinal interest and particular attention has been dedicated to their stereoselective synthesis in recent years. Among these, phosphinic pseudopeptides have acquired pharmacological importance in influencing physiologic and pathologic processes, primarily acting as inhibitors for proteolytic enzymes where molecular stereochemistry has proven to be critical. This review summarizes the latest developments in the asymmetric synthesis of acyclic and phosphacyclic α-amino-C-phosphinic acids and derivatives, following in the first case an order according to the strategy used, whereas for cyclic compounds the nitrogen embedding in the heterocyclic core is considered. In addition selected examples of pharmacological implications of title compounds are also disclosed.

An entry to vinylcyclopropane through palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanation of alkenes with unstabilized allylic tosylhydrazones

Intramolecular cyclopropanation of unstabilized allylic tosylhydrazones with different alkenes was developed in the presence of a Pd catalyst.

Stereoselective Rh2(S-IBAZ)4-catalyzed cyclopropanation of alkenes, alkynes, and allenes: asymmetric synthesis of diacceptor cyclopropylphosphonates and alkylidenecyclopropanes

A mild and highly stereoselective rhodium(II)-catalyzed cyclopropanation of alkenes, alkynes, and allenes with diacceptor diazo compounds is reported. Using the phosphonate moiety as an efficient trans-directing group, the first catalytic asymmetric route to diacceptor cycloprop(en)ylphosphonates was developed by employing an α-cyano diazophosphonate and Rh(2)(S-IBAZ)(4) as chiral catalyst. The isosteric character of phosphonic and carboxylic acid derivatives allowed the alternative use of an α-cyano diazo ester in the process, leading to α-cyano cycloprop(en)ylcarboxylates in high yields and stereoselectivities. Taking advantage of the particular reactivity of the cyanocarbene intermediates involved in this system, the scope of compatible substrates could be extended to substituted allenes, leading to the development of the first catalytic enantioselective method for the synthesis of diacceptor alkylidenecyclopropanes.

Discovery of GS-9256: a novel phosphinic acid derived inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease with potent clinical activity

A potent and novel class of phosphinic acid derived product-like inhibitors of the HCV NS3/4A protease was discovered previously. Modification of the phosphinic acid and quinoline heterocycle led to GS-9256 with potent cell-based activity and favorable pharmacokinetic parameters. Based on these attributes, GS-9256 was advanced to human clinical trial as a treatment for chronic infection with genotype 1 HCV.